Complete the following exercises from the end of Howell's Chapter 2.

2.1)

a. Plot an ungrouped frequency distribution for these data

ANS. Plot form spss21 , grouping data as

VAR00002
Frequenc Percent Valid Cumulative
y Percent Percent
10.00 1 2.0 2.0 2.0
11.00 1 2.0 2.0 4.0
12.00 1 2.0 2.0 6.0
15.00 3 6.0 6.0 12.0
16.00 4 8.0 8.0 20.0
17.00 6 12.0 12.0 32.0
18.00 10 20.0 20.0 52.0
19.00 7 14.0 14.0 66.0
Valid
20.00 7 14.0 14.0 80.0
21.00 3 6.0 6.0 86.0
22.00 2 4.0 4.0 90.0
23.00 2 4.0 4.0 94.0
24.00 1 2.0 2.0 96.0
31.00 1 2.0 2.0 98.0
40.00 1 2.0 2.0 100.0
Total 50 100.0 100.0

b. What is the general shape of the distribution?

ANS. Unimodal and positively skewed

2.2) Create a histogram for the data in Exercise 2.1 using a reasonable number of intervals.
2.6) Create a positively skewed set of data and plot it.

VAR00002
Created data Frequency Percent Valid Cumulative
Percent Percent
10.00 3 13.0 13.0 13.0

11.00 4 17.4 17.4 30.4

12.00 2 8.7 8.7 39.1

15.00 2 8.7 8.7 47.8

16.00 1 4.3 4.3 52.2

17.00 1 4.3 4.3 56.5

18.00 1 4.3 4.3 60.9

19.00 1 4.3 4.3 65.2

Valid 20.00 1 4.3 4.3 69.6

21.00 1 4.3 4.3 73.9

22.00 1 4.3 4.3 78.3

23.00 1 4.3 4.3 82.6

24.00 1 4.3 4.3 87.0

31.00 1 4.3 4.3 91.3

40.00 1 4.3 4.3 95.7

89.00 1 4.3 4.3 100.0

Total 23 100.0 100.0

2.8) in my undergraduate research methods course, women generally do a bit better than
men. One year I had the grades shown in the following boxplots. What might you conclude
from these boxplots?

ANS. The median for males is slightly higher than the median for females,
The center of the distribution has a smaller range for females.
The overall range of the scores is roughly the same in male and female.
2.9)
ANS. The first quartile for males is around 77
The first quartile for females is around 80
The third quartiles for males is around 87
The third quartiles for females is around nearly 87

2.15) the data for the North Americans in Exercise 2.17 were [9 9 5 3 8 4 6 6 5 2].Using Y
for this variable,

ANS. a. Y1=9 and Y10 =9

b. calculate = 57

2.17)

ANS.

a. (y) 2 =3249
y2 =377
b. 5.789
c. 2.40
d. Part b= squared musicality scores
Part c= musicality scores

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