ND

565 Community Nutrition Course Final

Intern: Emily Sinn

Question 1: The first step in developing a nutrition-education program for pregnant women to decrease
the incidence of neural tube defects is to:

a. Secure funding for the program.

b. Consider the prevalence and severity of disease.
c. Identify nutrition-related causes of the disease.
d. Gather data showing the effectiveness of similar programs.
Reasoning: C. Identify nutrition-related cause of the disease is the correct answer. One way to prevent
the incidence of neural tube defects is to ensure pregnant women are consuming the recommended
400 mcg of folic acid everyday before and during pregnancy. As a B vitamin, folic acid is a key part of the
babys growth and overall health while in the womb and helps prevent birth defects of the babys brain
and spine. Although A. Secure funding for the program, B. Consider the prevalence and severity of the
disease and D. Gather data showing the effectiveness of similar programs all may be beneficial to the
success of the nutrition-education program, the best way to work toward decreasing the incidence of
neural tube defects is to address the problem as early as possible. One way to do is by identifying
nutrition-related causes of the disease for women and mothers to take into consideration and plan into
their diets before and during pregnancy.

Plan Ahead: Folic Acid Can Help Prevent Certain Birth Defects. (2017, January 11). Retrieved August
23, 2017, from https://www.cdc.gov/features/folicacidbenefits/index.html

Question 2: A dietitian conducting a nutrition assessment of the community should use which of the
following nutrition status measures?

a. Anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary intake data

b. Weight, clinical observation, medical history, and food intake
c. Laboratory test data, food history, triceps skinfold thickness, and clinical observation
d. Height, 24-hour dietary recall records, food frequency checklist, and food
Inventory
Reasoning: A. Anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary intake data is the correct answer. Table
4-9 Nutrition Assessment Data Categories and Examples on page 131 in the textbook lists 5 types of
data and examples important to a successful nutrition assessment. Included in the list are
anthropometric measurements, biochemical data, medical tests and procedures and food/nutrition
intake data. The other responses include beneficial information for a Dietitian to know however; the
best answer that would yield the best quality and most information would come from the types of data
listed in the correct answer.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 131).


Question 3: Which of the following food items are typically included in the diets of Southeast Asian
population groups?

a. Large amounts of rice and vegetables and small amounts of meat

b. Large amounts of fruits and cheese and small amounts of rice and meat
c. Small amounts of meat and fruit and large amounts of rice and milk
d. Small amounts of fruits and vegetables and large amounts of meat and milk
Reasoning: A. Large amounts of rice and vegetables and small amounts of meat is the correct answer.
From the Health Considerations segment of this article I found that, The Chinese rely heavily on grains,
fruit and vegetables. Meat is rarely the main ingredient in a meal. The other responses do not reflect
the correct foods typically included in the diets of Southeast Asian population groups.

Le, C. (n.d.). The Three Dietary Cultures of Asia. Retrieved August 23, 2017, from http://www.asian-
nation.org/asian-food.shtml#sthash.jViOV5zV.inKNqlls.dpbs

Questions 4: A client states that he can no longer return to the clinic for counseling due to changes in his
work schedule. To help ensure continued compliance with the diet, the client should be:

a. Given additional practice to ensure thorough understanding of the diet.

b. Instructed to phone the dietitian at home if he has a problem.
c. Informed about community resources for follow-up counseling.
d. Given several educational pamphlets about the diet.
Reasoning: C. Informed about community resources for follow-up counseling. From page 533 in the text
in section Draw from Current Research on Consumer Behavior, [During nutrition counseling] The
counselor provides coaching to foster responsibility for self-care to promote health or treat a health
condition. As Dietitians, one of our Code of Ethics is our responsibility to our clients. Making sure that
the client is informed about community resources is one way to demonstrate our compliance with the
code of ethics while helping patients even if they are unable to meet face-to-face due to schedule
changes. Even though the other options may be helpful to this client, A. Given additional practice to
ensure thorough understanding of the diet and D. Given several educational pamphlets do not account
for unforeseen questions or circumstances this client may experience. Also, B. Instructed to phone the
dietitian at home if he has a problem is unrealistic and not reasonable for the dietitian. It may even
benefit this client to seek a second opinion and participate in community events or classes outside his
one-on-one meetings with this dietitian. It is always a good idea to provide and promote other
resources to clients, which is why C is the best answer.
Chapter 7. Clinical Issues, Challenges, and Strategies in Intensive Outpatient Treatment. (2006,
January 01). Retrieved August 23, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64101/
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 533).

Question 5: A behavioral strategy for weight control intended to limit exposure to food would require an
individual to:

a. Record daily food intake.
b. Portion the food before serving at the table.
c. Clear the table immediately after eating.
d. Put the fork down between bites.
Reasoning: B. Portion the food before serving at the table is the correct answer. On page 232 in the
textbook, under section Implementing the Recommendations From Guidelines to Groceries, this
section explains ways to change your behavior in order to change your health status. The process of
breaking down a dietary guideline into specific behaviors can be carried a step farther the eating
pattern should reflect the basic principles of the dietary guidelines and should focus on variety- eating a
selection of foods from all of the food groups; proportionality- eating appropriate amounts of foods to
meet nutritional needs As Dietitians, is we are able to train our patients to only put as much food on
their plates as is a single serving we are both limiting their exposure to food so the are not as tempted to
keep eating and training them better eating strategies. The other responses, A. Record a daily food log,
C. Clear the table immediately after eating and D. Put the fork down between bites do not necessarily
limit the individuals exposure to food, especially C and D when the rest of the meal or extra food is still
right in front of the client.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 232).

Question 6: A client returns for a follow-up visit after diet instruction and states, "I just haven't lost any
weight on this diet." Which of the following responses is best?

a. "Did you follow my advice?"

b. "What is your typical day like?"
c. "Did you follow the exercise plan?"
d. "Have you been eating out?"
Reasoning: B. What is your typical day like? is the correct answer. From page 82 in our textbook
under section Direct Assessment of Nutritional Status: An Overview of Methods where it states, The
primary methods of measuring the food consumption of individuals include the 24-hour recall method,
the food diary or daily food record, the diet history interview, and the food frequency questionnaire.
When meeting with clients, after we know what foods they are eating and like to eat we can better
assess and help them make better choices and work towards improving their health status. After
working in my Community Rotation at ShopRite, my preceptor has conducted several consultations and
every time she begins the conversation with her client by saying, What is your typical day like? From
this she is able to make suggestions on either foods that should only be eaten sometimes or
substitutions to improve the quality of the foods being eaten. Even though it could be useful to discuss
the questions listed under A, C and D it is most useful to know what foods the client is putting into their
body before moving forward.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 82).


Question 7: The first step in evaluating the effectiveness of a series of nutrition education programs
would be to:

a. Identify the objectives of each of the programs.

b. Ask all participants to complete 24-hour dietary recall records.
c. Administer nutrition-knowledge tests to participants.
d. Verify attendance at each of the programs.
Reasoning: A. Identify the objectives of each of the programs would be the best answer as
understanding the purpose and underlying goals of each program is the most logical way to judge which
program would be most effective. From page 109 in our textbook under section Design the Nutrition
Education Component describes the development of the nutrition education program Heartworks for
Women. The senior managers goal is to develop a coordinated plan for carrying out the intervention
and evaluating its effectiveness. She begins by reviewing the proposed intervention activities and the
expertise and time commitments of her staff. In order to create a successful education program it is a
priority, as mentioned in the text, to develop a plan for the program before anything else can get done
such as, B. Asking participants to complete a 24-hour dietary recall records, C. Administer nutrition-
knowledge tests to participants (especially when many participants may not know much) or D. Verify
attendance at each of the programs. Even though the other information could be useful, the most
important component of a nutrition education program is to have a strong foundation to help the
members learn and identifying objectives can do that.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 109).

Questions 8: The primary goal of outcomes research in a healthcare setting is to guide decisions to:

a. Decrease healthcare costs.

b. Increase cost-effectiveness.
c. Improve the quality of services.
d. Give the facility a competitive advantage.
Reasoning: C. Improve the quality of services is the correct answer. By definition on page 311 in the
text, Outcomes are an end result of the health care process; a measureable change in the patients
state of health or functioning. From page 121 in the textbook under Outcome Evaluation, The purpose
of outcome evaluation is to determine whether the program or intervention had an effect on the target
populations health status, food intake, morbidity, mortality. There is a direct relationship between
the quality of services in a healthcare setting and the patient outcomes. With that said, in order to
improve outcomes it is imperative to improve the quality of services. Of the answer choices, all could be
beneficial however A. Decrease healthcare costs, B. Increase cost-effectiveness and D. Give the facility a
competitive advantage are more long term goals and not as realistic as simply improving their services.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 311).

Question 9: In community surveys, a frequent symptom of malnutrition is:


a. Scurvy
b. rickets
c. low serum albumin
d. Low hemoglobin
Reasoning: D. Low hemoglobin is the correct answer. Hemoglobin is a protein in our red blood cells,
which carry oxygen throughout our bodies. According to Unite for Sight, Micronutrient deficiencies are
not easily diagnosable unless they are severe enough to result in visible disorders or illnesses. When
disorders are not apparent, diagnostics can be used to test bodily samples (i.e. blood or urine) in order
to measure an individuals micronutrient status. For example, iron deficiency anemia can be diagnosed
by measuring the level of hemoglobin in the blood. Low levels of hemoglobin, as compared with age and
sex-specific reference values, indicate anemia. If an individual is malnourished, their micronutrient
levels are likely to be very low as well.
Unite For Sight. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
http://www.uniteforsight.org/nutrition/module7

Question 10: Which survey is repeated every few years?

a. NHANES
b. WHO
c. Ten state
d. FAO
Reasoning: A. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is repeated every few years.
According to the CDC, this survey combines interviews and physical examinationsNHANES interview
includes demographic, socioeconomic, dietary, and health-related questions in addition to being
responsible for producing vital and health statistics for the Nation. The program became continuous in
1999 and examines a nationally representative sample of about 5,000 persons each year. The benefit
of having this survey repeated annually is to update and better asses the ever-changing health and
nutritional status of adults and children in the U.S., with more information available health professionals
are able to work to improve our nations health.

About the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (2014, February 03). Retrieved August
23, 2017, from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/about_nhanes.htm

Question 11: The year 2010 Health Goals are an outgrowth of a report by:

a. ADA
b. the Surgeon General
c. WHO
d. FAO

Reasoning: B. Surgeon General is the correct answer. From the Healthy People 2010 document, The
process began in 1979 with Healthy People: The Surgeon Generals Report on Health Promotion and
Disease Prevention Healthy People 2010 represents the third time that the U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services has developed 10-year health objectives for the Nation. After the Surgeon
Generals initial report the Healthy People campaign has continued to grow as Healthy People 2020 has
since been published and 2030 is in the works.
Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health. (2000, November). Retrieved August 23,
2017, from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/document/pdf/uih/2010uih.pdf

Question 12: Where can a pregnant teen learn to cook?

a. EFNEP
b. Child Nutrition Services
c. UNICEF
d. WIC
Reasoning: A. Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is where a pregnant teen could
learn how to cook. From page 396 in the textbook section Other Nutrition Programs of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, The EFNEP is a federally funded program designed specifically for nutrition
educationit is assigned to assist limited-resource audiences in acquiring the knowledge, skills,
attitudes, and changed behavior necessary for nutritionally sound diets, and to contribute to their
personal development and the improvement of the total family diet. As a pregnant woman, it is
important for her to know how to choose and prepare meals not only for herself but for her baby as
well. Taking advantage of EFNEPs services and participating in nutrition education opportunities would
be beneficial to this young woman.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 396).

Question 13: How can a Dietitian enhance usage of commodity foods from a food donation program?

a. teach food donation staff how to use the items

b. make a poster in usage
c. give each participant recipes using the food items
d. Calculate the amounts of nutrients provided in the donated foods
Reasoning: C. Give each participant recipes using the food items would be the best way to enhance
usage of commodity foods from a food donation program. From our text on page 353 under Food
Distribution Programs, The Commodity Supplemental Food Program is a direct food distribution
programFood packages are designed to suit the nutritional needs of participants and may include a
variety of foods, such as infant formula and cerealoats, rice, pasta, peanut butter, dried beans, canned
meats Although the other answer options may occur and would be useful, the best option for
enhancing use of commodity foods would be to share recipes for participants to have as a convenience
and so they may be more likely to use the foods.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 353).

Question 14: A poor, healthy 19 year old mother in unsure how to feed her 4 year old child. Which
program may offer her the most help?

a. EFNEP
b. USDA school lunch
c. HHS
d. CACFP
Reasoning: A. Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is where a pregnant teen could
learn how to cook. From page 396 in the textbook section Other Nutrition Programs of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, The EFNEP is a federally funded program designed specifically for nutrition
educationit is assigned to assist limited-resource audiences in acquiring the knowledge, skills,
attitudes, and changed behavior necessary for nutritionally sound diets, and to contribute to their
personal development and the improvement of the total family diet. As a pregnant woman, it is
important for her to know how to choose and prepare meals not only for herself but for her baby as
well. Taking advantage of EFNEPs services and participating in nutrition education opportunities would
be beneficial to this young woman.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 396).

Question 15: The most effective nutrition assessment method for large groups is the:

a. Food diary
b. 24 hour recall
c. food frequency list
d. Diet history
Reasoning: C. Food Frequency List is the best choice. From the textbook on page 161 under Food
Consumption by Individuals reads, A variety of methods are available for estimating dietary intake:
diet history, 24-hour dietary recall, food record or diary, and food frequency questionnairefood
frequency questionnaires provide less detailed information, but they are well suited for use with large
groups. The other options: A. Food diary, B. 24 hour recall and D. Diet history are all effective nutrition
assessment methods however, when it comes to large groups, the FFQ is a better choice.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 161).


Question 16: An infant wants a bottle at bedtime. You should counsel the parents to:

a. give the bottle only at bedtime

b. give the bottle only if the baby insists
c. only give milk in the bottle

d. d. only give water in the bottle
Reasoning: D. Only give water in the bottle if an infant wants a bottle at bedtime. According to WIC
Works, Water is required by infants for body temperature regulation, cell metabolism and normal
kidney function. Furthermore, it is essential to prevent dehydration by keeping an eye out for signs of
dehydration, A reduced amount of urinedry membranes in the mouth, no tears when crying or
restlessness. A. Give the bottle only at bedtime is not a good option as the baby should be fed or
drinking throughout the day, B. Give the bottle only if the baby insists is not logical as the baby will likely
always insist and C. Only give milk in the bottle is not a good option either as babies needs to stay
hydrated as well so water in bottles at bedtime is the best option.

Infant Nutrition and Feeding. (2009, March). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
https://wicworks.fns.usda.gov/wicworks/Topics/FG/CompleteIFG.pdf

Question 17: A mother with 2 daughters, ages 8 and 11, does not earn enough money to feed her family.
Which program would you suggest?

a. WIC
b. Food Stamps
c. Child Care Food Program
d. Medicaid
Reasoning: B. Food Stamps is what I would suggest. From pages 338-339 in the textbook under
Historical Background of Food Assistance Programs, Congress initiated an experimental Food Stamps
Program to enable low-income people to buy food. By using food stamps this mother would be able to
provide food for her two young daughters. A. WIC would not apply to this family because her daughers
are above the age requirements for receiving services, C. Child Care Food Program would not apply as
that is for meal reimbursement for children receiving nonresidential day care in private licensed homes
and there is no mention of that. Lastly, D. Medicaid is incorrect because their program assists with
medical costs unrelated to food.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 338-339).

Question 18: What is the best therapy for weight loss?

a. reducing 500 calories per day, and exercise

b. support groups, exercise, diet control
c. exercise, diet, behavior modification
d. Exercise and diet control
Reasoning: C. Exercise, diet, behavior modification is the best response. The National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute provides a list of key recommendations when working towards weight loss. Among the
suggestions are, The combination of a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activitybehavior
therapy is a useful adjunct when incorporated into treatment for weight loss. Responses A. Reducing
500 calories per day, and exercise and B. Support groups, exercise, diet control and D. Exercise and diet
control could lead to results for some patients however without the patients will to change and

behavior modification it may be difficult for them to progress. Diet and exercise are key to seeing
physical changes but patients need the right mentality to achieve success long term.
Key Recommendations. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/recommen.htm

Question 19: A single 19-year-old female is 6 months pregnant. She has not gained any weight & has not
seen a physician. Hemoglobin is 9 Hematocrit is 30. What is the most important recommendation for
her?
a. see a physician immediately
b. apply for WIC immediately
c. join a teenage pregnancy support group
d. Begin taking iron supplements
Reasoning: A. See a physician immediately is her best option. Above all else it is imperative to work
with a physician during pregnancy especially if you are as young as 19. Ideally, she should be gaining 25-
35 pounds during pregnancy and no weight gain would explain both her hemoglobin and hematocrit
levels. From the textbook on page 379 under Nutrition Assessment in Pregnancy reviews assessments
that should take place to ensure optimal healthy during pregnancy. The following are measures that a
physician can assist with, Diet history, attitudesuse of vitamin and mineral supplementsgestational
diabetes, iron deficiency anemiainadequate or excessive weight gain. Answers B. apply for WIC
immediately, C. Join a teenage pregnancy support group and D. Begin taking iron supplements are not
good options as they do nothing to help her medically or ensure her baby is growing properly and
healthy.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 379).

Question 20: What should most be encouraged in a Headstart program?

a. nutrition activities related to food

b. participation for at least one year
c. class instruction
d. healthy snacks
Reasoning: A. Nutrition activities related to food should be most encouraged in a Head Start program.
From page 427 in the text under Nutrition Programs of the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Head Start provides children from low-income families with comprehensive social, education,
health, and nutrition servicesprovide meals and snacks as well as nutrition assessment and education
for children and their parents. Although B. Participation for at least one year, C. Class instruction and D.
Healthy snacks should also be encouraged, the best way for a hands-on experience and to engage
participants would be answer a.
(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 427).


Question 21: Medicaid benefits apply to:

a. healthy adults
b. a 60 year old female
c. those at nutritional risk
d. Low income individuals
Reasoning: Medicaid benefits apply to D. Low income individuals. From table 9-1 A Comparison of
Medicare and Medicaid Services on page 293 in our textbook, [Medicaid] Eligibility [applies to]
individuals with low incomes, people 65 and older, the blind, persons with disabilities, all pregnant
women and infants with family incomes below 133% of poverty level. With that said the other options
listed, A. Healthy adults, B. A 60-year-old female and C. Those at nutritional risk do not apply to
Medicaid benefits.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 293).

Question 22: Which of the following is not a governmental agency?

a. Health and Human Services

b. Food and Drug Administration
c. Food and Nutrition Board
d. American Heart Association
Reasoning: D. American Heart Association is not a governmental agency. The American Heart
Association is the nations oldest and largest voluntary organization dedicated to fighting heart disease
and strokenow includes more than 22.5 million volunteers and supporters. The other options, A.
Health and Human Services, B. Food and Drug Administration and C. Food and Nutrition Board are all
governmental agencies.
About the American Heart Association. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/General/About-Us---American-Heart-
Association_UCM_305422_SubHomePage.jsp

Question 23: Which is the least common symptom in the elderly?

a. Osteomalacia
b. osteoporosis
c. obesity
d. Hypertension
Reasoning: A. Osteomalacia is the least common symptom in the elderly. Osteomalacia refers to the
softening of bones, most commonly through a vitamin D or calcium deficiency. Vitamin D deficiencies
are very common among individuals of all ages, not just the elderly. Aging, even in healthy elderly

people, is accompanied by a reduction in muscle mass and muscle strengthVitamin D deficiency is
associated with muscle weakness and is common in elderly people[they] develop vitamin D deficiency
because of various risk factors: decreased dietary intake, diminished sunlight exposure, reduced skin
thickness Therefore, if an elderly patient proved to have osteomalacia, it would not necessarily be
uncommon or suggest unusual health.
Janssen, H. C., Samson, M. M., & Verhaar, H. J. (2002, April 01). Vitamin D deficiency, muscle function,
and falls in elderly people. Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/75/4/611.full

Question 24: A homeless patient who is deficient in all nutrients is to be discharged. What organization
would help?
a. WIC
b. EFNEP
c. A social workers organization
d. The shelter
Reasoning: C. A social workers organization would be able to assist a homeless patient who is deficient
in all nutrients. Although A.WIC is a good option, without knowing if the patient is male or female I am
unable to know if this patient would qualify for services. In addition, this patient would not qualify for B.
EFNEP as they are single and EFNEP applies to low-income families, and those with young children.
Lastly, D. Shelter would only solve this individuals housing problems but would not help them medically,
where a social workers organization could. Lastly, a social workers organization would be most
beneficial because they can provide more than just nutritional or medical assistance but also help set
this patient up with housing or even an employment opportunity.
Social Work Organizations. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
http://www.socialworkers.org/swportal/swo1/

Question 25: The first function of the public health nutritionist is:

a. assess the needs of the community

b. counsel patients with special dietary needs
c. write pamphlets for educational purposes
d. expand the role of Dietitians
Reasoning: A. Assess the needs of the community is the first function of the public health nutritionist.
By definition, a public health nutritionist is, nutrition professionals who plan and evaluate food and
nutrition programs; develop food and nutrition policies; plan, implement, and evaluate health
promotion and disease prevention programs; and provide nutrition services to all age groups in a
community setting. Furthermore, on page 19 under Clinical and Customer Services: Development and
delivery of information, products and services to individuals, groups and populations, the first step in
the Nutrition Care Process of a public health nutritionist is listed as, assess the nutritional status of
individuals, groups, and populations in a variety of settings where nutrition care can be delivered.

Before a professional can B. Counsel patients with special dietary needs, C. Write pamphlets for
educational purposes or D. Expand the role of Dietitians it is most important to understand your
audience by A. Assessing the needs of the community.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 17-19).

Question 26: Which program teaches good nutrition practices and provides foods with certain
nutrients?

a. EFNEP
b. NET
c. WIC
d. MCP
RATIONAL: C. WIC teaches good nutrition practices and provides foods with certain nutrients. By
definition, WIC foods not only address specific nutritional deficiencies but also focus on foods that
promote the health of the population served, as indicated by relevant nutrition science, public health
concerns, and cultural eating patterns. Page 390 of the text also provides examples of nutrition-dense
foods provided by WIC, including but not limited to, iron-fortified infant formula and infant cereal, iron-
fortified breakfast cereal, vitamin C-rich fruit or vegetable juice, eggs, milk, cheese, peanut butter, dried
beans and peas, canned fish, and fruits and vegetables. The fortified foods included in WIC help provide
specific nutrients to their patients unlike other organizations.

(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 390-391).

Question 27: Goals for a community nutrition program should be based on:

a. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans

b. The Nutrition Screening Initiative
c. The Healthy People report
d. The NHANES III report
Reasoning: A. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans would be the best answer choice. From page 225
under Dietary Guidelines in the textbook, Dietary Guidelines are typically broad plans that focus on
goal statements related to overall nutrition intake and daily eating patternsin the United States, the
basis of nutrition policy is the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which serves as the foundation for all
federal nutrition guidance. B. The Nutrition Screening Initiative is incorrect because this organization
only focuses on identifying and treating nutritional problems of older persons and not everyone. C. The
Healthy People report works toward health-promotion and disease-prevention goals set by the United
States Department of Health but does not emphasize as many nutrition-related concerns as the Dietary
Guidelines. Lastly, D. The NHANES III report alone would not help establish goals for a community
nutrition program because NHANES is a survey and the results do not represent any community
specifically.


(Boyle & Holben, 2013, p. 225-230).

Question 28: Which contains more total dietary fiber?

a. 1/2 cup raw spinach (0.4 g)

b. 1 oz. raisin bran cereal (3 g)
c. 1 slice whole wheat bread (2 g)
d. 2 T peanut butter (2 g)
Reasoning: B. 1 oz. raisin bran cereal contains the most dietary fiber. According to the Mount Sinai
Health Systems Fiber Chart, cup of raw spinach contains 1.75 g fiber, 1 oz. raisin bran cereal contains 3
grams of fiber, 1 slice of whole wheat bread contains 3 grams and 2 tablespoons of peanut butter is 2.2
grams of fiber. With that said, raisin bran contains more total dietary fiber than the other options.
Fiber Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2017, from
https://www.wehealny.org/healthinfo/dietaryfiber/fibercontentchart.html