Project Report

TITLE : The Smart Glove

Subject : Analog Electronic Circuits
Slot : A2

Submitted by : Submitted to :
Rakshit vig Prof. Rajeshkumar V
14BEC0471
 Vision Of This Project ?

How can we make the computer interface easier

to use for the differently abled people?
How can make computer peripherals smarter
than they are?

SOME FACTS

1 in every 3500 people have muscular dystrophy in

India.
Partially paralyzed patients experience the same
problem.
 Solution : The Smart Glove

Components Used :
1. Arduino UNO x 2
2. RF transceiver
3. IR sensor
4. Flex sensors x 2
5. Accelerometer
 Components Briefing
Arduino UNO
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the
ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can
be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz
crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a
reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable
or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The
ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB occupied by the bootloader).
It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM

RF Transceiver
An RF module (radio frequency module) is a (usually) small electronic device
used to transmit and/or receive radio signals between two devices. In
an embedded system it is often desirable to communicate with
another device wirelessly. This wireless communication may be
accomplished through optical communication or
through radio frequency (RF) communication. For many applications the
medium of choice is RF since it does not require line of sight. RF
communications incorporate a transmitter and/or receiver.
RF modules are widely used in electronic design owing to the difficulty of
designing radio circuitry.

IR Sensor
An IR sensor is a device which detects IR radiation falling on it. There
are numerous types of IR sensors that are built and can be built
depending on the application. Proximity sensors (Used in Touch Screen
phones and Edge Avoiding Robots), contrast sensors (Used in Line
Following Robots) and obstruction counters/sensors (Used for counting
goods and in Burglar Alarms) are some examples, which use IR sensors.
An IR sensor is basically a device which consists of a pair of an IR LED
and a photodiode which are collectively called a photo-coupler or an
opto-coupler. The IR LED emits IR radiation, reception and/or intensity of
reception of which by the photodiode dictates the output of the sensor.
Now, there are so many ways by which the radiation may or may not be
able to reach the photodiode.

Flex sensor
Flexion sensors also called bend sensors, measure the amount of
deflection caused by bending the sensor. There are various ways of
sensing deflection, from strain-gauges to hall-effect sensor. The three
most common types of flexion sensors are:

conductive ink-based

fibre-optic

conductive fabric/thread/polymer-based

A property of bend sensors worth noting is that bending the sensor at

one point to a prescribed angle is not the most effective use of the
sensor. As well, bending the sensor at one point to more than 90 may
permanently damage the sensor. Instead, bend the sensor around a
radius of curvature. The smaller the radius of curvature and the more
the whole length of the sensor is involved in the deflection, the greater
the resistance will be (which will be much greater than the resistance
achieved if the sensor is fixed at one end and bent sharply to a high
degree).

A typical bend sensor has the following basic specifications:

range of deflection

uni- vs. bi-directional sensing

 uni- vs. bi-polar sensing

range of resistance (nominal to full-deflection)

Accelerometer
An accelerometer is a device that measures proper
acceleration ; proper acceleration is not the same as coordinate
acceleration (rate of change of velocity). For example, an
accelerometer at rest on the surface of the Earth will measure
an acceleration due to Earth's gravity, straight upwards (by
definition) of g 9.81 m/s2. By contrast, accelerometers in free
fall (falling toward the center of the Earth at a rate of about 9.81
m/s2) will measure zero.The accelerometer used here is
ADXL335.

Abstract for algorithm

The sole purpose of the algorithm is to make computer
interface easy for disabled. For this, our purpose is to
minimize the hand and wrist movement to access
mouse.
The hand glove used consist of sensor like
accelerometer to measure the acceleration in the either
direction, flex sensor to measure the extent to which the
fingers bend and IR sensor for the same purpose.
The raw data is obtained by the movement of the wrist
which inturn moves the gloves .This raw data is send
wirelessly through rf transmitter which is received by RF
receiver to the other end. The range of the transmission
can be increased manifold by the use of wire antenna.
This data is received in the form of string which is
converted into a single digit data say x. Now, X is
responsible for the decision making .
Many case statement are kept under pyMouse library of
python to move mouse left, right, scroll down the window,
scroll up the window, right click, left click etc.

Budget
Arduino (250 x 2 = 500)
RF (80)
Accelerometer (200)
Flex Sensors (500 x 2 = 1000)
IR sensor (20)

Total = 1800

Improvement
Use a fabricated PCB to occupy less space
Micro sensors to make the product compatible
Bluetooth can used instead of RF to reduce
delay.