Mechanical Design of Machine Elements

Complete after watching Module 39: Fatigue Goodman Diagram

Module 39 Example: Fatigue Goodman Diagram

A 1045 hot rolled steel rod undergoes axial cyclic loading, and the nominal stresses
min = 2 ksi to max = 10 ksi have been calculated at point A. The rod has a hole in the
center of the rod, with a Kt = 1.7 and a q = 0.9. The yield strength of the rod is Sy = 45
ksi, and the ultimate strength of the rod is Sut = 82 ksi. The fully adjusted endurance
limit is Se = 20 ksi, and f = 0.85.

- Using the modified Goodman criteria, determine the factor of safety.

- If infinite life is not predicted, estimate the number of cycles to failure.

.A

Assumptions:
Isotropic, homogenous, pure bending, neglecting weight of rod.

Known: Se = 20 ksi, Sy = 45 ksi, Sut = 82 ksi, Kt = 1.7, q = 0.9, f = 0.85, geometry and loading.

Analysis:

Step 1: calculate stress concentration factor

Kf = 1 + q(Kt - 1) = 1 + 0.9(1.7 - 1) = 1.63

Step 2: add in stress concentration factors

Kf = 1.63
rev-min = 2*1.63 = 3.26 ksi
rev-max = 10*1.63 = 16.3 ksi

(Note- you can also add in the stress concentrations later, to the alternating or midrange stresses. As
long as there is no localized plastic yielding at point A, either is correct.)

Step 3) Determine alternating and midrange stresses. Note: these will include Kf, as we added Kf into
sigma_min and sigma_max.
min 16.3 3.26 min 16.3 3.26
a max 6.52ksi m max 9.78ksi
2 2 2 2
Mechanical Design of Machine Elements
Complete after watching Module 39: Fatigue Goodman Diagram

Module 39 Example: Fatigue Goodman Diagram

A 1045 hot rolled steel rod undergoes axial cyclic loading, and the nominal stresses
min = 2 ksi to max = 10 ksi have been calculated at point A. The rod has a hole in the
center of the rod, with a Kt = 1.7 and a q = 0.9. The yield strength of the rod is Sy = 45
ksi, and the ultimate strength of the rod is Sut = 82 ksi. The fully adjusted endurance
limit is Se = 20 ksi, and f = 0.85.

- Using the modified Goodman criteria, determine the factor of safety.

- If infinite life is not predicted, estimate the number of cycles to failure.

.A

Step 4: calculate factor of safety for langer static yield and Goodman criteria
Langer static yield:

Sy 45
Alternating Stress (ksi)

n 2.76
a m 6.52 9.78
The component will not yield on the first cycle.

n
1 1
2.25
a m 6.52 9.78
S S 20 82
e ut

The component has infinite life. 20

6.52
9.78 82
Midrange Stress (ksi)