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Thermal energy systems: Design and analysis

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DOI: 10.1007/s10973-015-5217-5x

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Steven G. Penoncello: Thermal energy
systems: Design and analysis

Abhishek Saxena

Journal of Thermal Analysis and

Calorimetry
An International Forum for Thermal
Studies

ISSN 1388-6150

J Therm Anal Calorim

DOI 10.1007/s10973-015-5217-5

1 23
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1 23
 Author's personal copy
J Therm Anal Calorim
DOI 10.1007/s10973-015-5217-5
Steven G. Penoncello: Thermal energy systems: Design
and analysis
CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), UK, 2015, 569 pp, ISBN 9781482245998
Abhishek Saxena1
Received: 7 October 2015 / Accepted: 15 December 2015
Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hungary 2015
Thermal fluid energy system design has a major role in the
field of engineering science and technology from an
undergraduate level course up to various research level
programmes. This book offers a fundamental employed
knowledge of design and analysis of thermal fluid energy
systems, permitting users to effectively formulate and
optimize and examine their own design projects. This
book provides a merit in the pool of knowledge and
intelligence for undergraduate, postgraduate, research level
& Abhishek Saxena
culturebeat94@yahoo.com
1
M.I.T., Moradabad 244001, India
courses (higher education) and professionals from indus-
tries. This book is well written and organized in a pre-
sentable form to provide an excellence in the design of
thermo-fluid systems with the basic concepts, laws, tools
and practical examples. The selection of topics is good and
provides an attentive review of basic thermal fluid engi-
neering fundamentals. It presents the engineering design
process in a practical way with especially highlighted
engineering economy concepts with optimization. It also
covers numerical and computational methodologies with
an introduction of EES software. The material inside the
book fits attractively with the kind of industrial practice for
the students after graduation. Overall, it can be said the
present book is well organized and useful for the persons
from academia and industry (i.e., for designers and
researchers).
This book also offers the elementary concepts of simu-
lation and optimization with some good approachable
techniques that can be applied to a system model. It
addresses: hydraulic systems, energy systems, thermal
engineering concepts, principles of engineering economics,
application of conservation and balance laws, fluid flow
fundamentals, series and parallel pipe networks and pump
systems, pump performance and selection, cavitation, the
affinity laws for pumps, heat exchangers and their types,
LMTD, and e-NTU methods, regenerative HX, condensers,
evaporators, and boilers, thermal energy system simulation,
fitting component performance data, optimization using
Lagrange multipliers, optimization using software and use
of EES. In addition, it incorporates both the SI and English
units and develops state-of-the-art computer simulation.
About the book, it has total six chapters with 172 black and
white illustrations (subdivided into 229 figures), 59
tables (subdivided into 81 tables), 55 solved examples and
143 unsolved problems including 07 appendixes.
123
 Author's personal copy
For a brief, chapter 1 (pp. 116) deals with an intro-
duction to the thermal energy systems with some good
examples of heating and cooling systems and selection of
similar systems components for designing. A basic intro-
duction to different types of software (generally used for
modeling and simulation of thermal systems) such as
REFPROP, Excel spreadsheet and F-Chart is presented
well, while the EES software is considered to solve the
problems in the present book. Common unit systems used
in engineering analysis and their base are also offered. The
importance and definition of thermo-physical properties of
substances, viscosity, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids
are discussed in an easy and understandable fashion. This
chapter also describes the engineering design and ethics as
per The ASME code of ethics for engineers, and it con-
tains total of 04 figures, 02 tables and 01 example, along
with 09 problems.
Chapter 2 (pp. 1748) presents a summary of the salient
features of engineering economic analysis. This chap-
ter focuses on different types of costs such as initial cost of
the components, labor costs, operating costs, maintenance
costs and replacement costs, within addition of inflation,
depreciation, taxes and insurance. The role of cost analysis
has been presented with its importance in an easy way,
especially for thermal energy systems as a cost optimized
system. Other essential terms for economic analysis such as
time value of money, present worth factor and capital
recovery factor are explained well with the help of cash
flow diagram. The ease of calculation through spreadsheet
instead by using different software is also shown with a
few good examples. This chapter contains 19 figures, 05
tables and 08 examples, along with 15 unsolved problems.
Chapters 3 (pp. 49136) serves some of the fundamental
concepts in thermodynamic analysis of thermal energy sys-
tems. Besides this, thermo-physical properties (include
thermodynamic and transport properties of a substance),
thermodynamic properties in two-phase region, important
thermodynamic properties and their relationships, conserved
and balanced quantities, conservation of mass, conservation
of energy, entropy balance, reversible and adiabatic process
have also been explained, well. Theory of evaluation of
thermodynamic properties is provided good enough along
with three thermodynamic property models (commonly used
in thermal energy system analyses), such as
1. the real fluid model (discussed well with a compati-
bility of REFROP and EES software)
2. the incompressible substance model
3. the ideal gas model. It is important for the engineer to
understand how these three models are developed and
when they can be used
This chapter mainly suggests a thermal energy systems
analysis procedure, which is discussed properly with the
123
A. Saxena
help of four basic steps (for the component such as shaft
work machines, heat exchanger and valves). The concept
of an isentropic process is explained with the theory and
suitable examples of turbines, compressors, pumps, fans,
nozzles and diffusers. In the next section, Exergy concept
is explained with the help of general balance equations and
exergy flow diagrams. Besides this, estimation of exergetic
efficiency is presented with the help of certain examples of
turbines, compressors, pumps and fans. Energy and exergy
analysis of thermal energy cycles is discussed in detail on
the basis of energy performance parameters such as ther-
mal or exergetic efficiency, heat rate and coefficient of
performance. This chapter contains 34 figures, 07
tables and 17 examples, along with 17 unsolved problems.
Chapter 4 (pp. 137236) deals with determination of
pressure losses in a fluid transport system based on energy
conservation principles. Fluid flow fundamentals are
described with the help of piping and tubing standards, and
some good examples for head loss due to friction in pipes
and tubes. Besides this, turbulent friction factor correla-
tions, typical absolute roughness values and typical fluid
friction calculations have also been presented well.
Importance of valves (check valves and control valves) and
fittings (branching, reducing, expanding and deflecting) as
an integral part of a thermal energy system involving fluid
transport is explained along with drawing symbols (for
industrialists). Design and analysis of pipe networks and
economic pipe diameter with cost analysis have explained
with the help of EES software. In next section, author
focused on the selection and classification of pumps,
dynamic pump operation and performance (with affinity
laws), manufacturers pump curves, cavitation and the net
positive suction head, series and parallel pump configura-
tions with economical aspects and environmental impacts.
This chapter contains 45 figures, 17 tables and 17 exam-
ples, along with 35 unsolved problems.
Chapter 5 (pp. 237353) presents a detailed review of
heat transfer mechanisms in heat exchangers. Some other
common phenomena such as heat transfer augmentation
with fins, forced external cross-flow over a cylindrical
surface, turbulent flow inside a circular tube and fouling on
heat exchange surfaces are presented well for a graduate
level. Design, analysis and classification of heat exchang-
ers (double pipe, shell and tube, plate and frame, and cross-
flow) are described in detail with special application heat
exchangers such as counterflow regenerative heat exchan-
ger and heat exchangers with phase change fluids (boilers,
evaporators, and condensers). The use of computer soft-
ware for design and analysis of heat exchangers is dis-
cussed in the last of the chapter with determination of some
common heat transfer terms such as heat transfer coeffi-
cient, heat loss coefficient, friction factor, pressure drop
and dimensionless numbers. This chapter contains 43
 Author's personal copy
Steven G. Penoncello: Thermal energy systems: Design and analysis
figures, 20 tables and 09 examples, along with 53 unsolved
problems.
In chapter 6 (pp. 355401), modern computing tech-
nology (simulation, evaluation and optimization) for ther-
mal energy systems is discussed in comparison with
previous design methodologies such as lengthy hand cal-
culations, graphs and plots that represent component per-
formance and experience. Thermal energy system
simulation is explained with an example of pump and pipe
system and simulation of an air conditioner. In the next
section of the chapter, advantages and pitfalls of thermal
energy system simulation, thermal energy system evalua-
tion and thermal energy system optimization (mathematical
statement of optimization and closed-form solution of the
optimization problem, method of Lagrange multipliers,
formulation and solution of optimization problems using
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software) are discussed well with the help of suitable ex-
amples for better understanding of the present methods. In
the last, the author gave final comments regarding thermal
energy system optimization. This chapter contains 27 fig-
ures, 08 tables and 03 examples, along with 14 unsolved
problems.
Overall, this book is quite interesting and beneficial to
its readers from academia and industries (engineering sci-
ence and technology background). The use of EES soft-
ware is presented well for thermal energy applications.
Audience of the book (undergraduate students, research
scholars, industry professionals, etc.) and design engineers
will find it advantageous in practice as a good reference,
while undergraduate students can consider this as a text
book for design analysis practice and knowledge.
123