BAHASA INGGRIS

PROFESI 1
Sulidar Fitri, M.Sc

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA

1/1/2014
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Contents
CHAPTER I ................................................................................................................................................ 3
PRONOUNCIATION .............................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 6
GREETINGS (TEGUR SAPA) .................................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................................... 8
AT THE OFFICE | TELEPHONE .............................................................................................................. 8
A company representative and a job seeker ........................................................................................ 8
CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................................. 10
PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE ............................................................................................................ 10
CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................................. 12
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE .................................................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER 6 ............................................................................................................................................. 15
HOTEL CONVERSATIONS ................................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER 7 ............................................................................................................................................. 19
Past Continuous and Past Simple ...................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 8 ............................................................................................................................................. 22
Conversation and Reading comperhension ...................................................................................... 22
Taking a Reservation..................................................................................................................... 22
Exercise 1: Check your understanding .......................................................................................... 22
CHAPTER 9 ............................................................................................................................................. 26
DESCRIBING SOMETHING .................................................................................................................. 26
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 28
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER I
PRONOUNCIATION
Key Concepts :
-> Phonetics symbols Consonants and Phonology,
-> Vowels Syllables and Diphthongs

Phonetics: a system for describing and recording the sounds of language objectively.
Phonetics provides a valuable way of opening our ears to facets of language that we tend to
understand by reference to their written rather than their actual spoken forms.

Phonology: concerns itself with the ways in which languages make use of sounds to distinguish
words from each other.Or we can saythe study of sounds and speech patterns in language.

Consonants include the sounds we represent as <p, b, t, d, m, n, f, v, s, z, l, r, h> in the ordinary

alphabet.

Voicing : Sounds produced with vibrating vocal folds (see Figure 1) are said to be voiced; those
produced without vocal cord vibration are voiceless. Table 1 lists the voiced and voiceless consonants
of English. The letters in [ ] are the phonetic symbols for the sounds.

Vowels: include the sounds we ordinarily represent as the letters <a, e, i, o, u>, as well as a
number of other sounds for which the ordinary alphabet has no unique symbols.
short vowels: long vowels:
cat, back, black, apple, lab, jacket (short a) ape, snail, snake, whale, crane , jade (long a)
elephant, elk, pet, red, yellow (short e) eagle, sheep, beaver, eel, deer, geese, green , bee (long e)
pig, fish, chick, lizard, pink (short i) ivory, mice, tiger, lion, white, (long i)
hog, ostrich, dog, otter, fox, goat, polar bear, comb (long o)
pup, bug, duck, bunny, slug
blue, puma, cute, flu, (long u)

Diphthongs : are types of vowels where two vowel sounds are connected in a continuous, gliding
motion.The sounds of ou in out and of oy in boy arediphthongs.
: beard, weird, fierce, ear, beer, tear
e: aired, cairn, scarce, bear, hair,
: moored, tour, lure, sure, pure
e : paid, pain, face, shade, age, wait, taste, paper
a : tide, time, nice, buy, bike, pie, eye, kite, fine
: void, loin, voice, oil, boil, coin, toy, Roy
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

: load, home, most, bone, phone, boat, bowl

a : loud, gown, house, cow, bow, brow, grouse

Tour Guide: RUMAH GADANG

Useful Expressions (Ungkapan berguna):
Ladies And Gentlemen
Bapak2 dan ibu2
I would like to introduce myself
Saya ingin memperkenalkan diri
o First of all, Let me introduce myself
This trip will take about sixty minutes
Perjalanan ini akan memakan waktu kira-
kira 60 menit.
o The bus ride will take about ten minutes
On Your left side, where you can see those
houses.
Di sebelah kiri, dimana anda dapat melihat rumah-rumah tersebut.
o Pay attention to the left hand side.
Let us have a look at the inside (mari kita lihat ke bagian dalam)
o Would you like to look around inside?
o Let us take a look at the inside.
o Let us take a look around the inside.
o Shall we see the inside ladies and gentlemen
If you have any questions, please ask. (bila anda ada pertanyaan silahkan Tanya.)
o Any question ladies and gentlemen?
o Pelase ask me if you want to know anything else.
I see / I understand (saya mengerti)
It is time to have a break now (sudah waktunya istirahat sekarang)
o Lets take a break
o Lets stop and rest
DIALOGUE
G: Guide/pemanduwisata T: Tourist/ Turis
G : Hello ! Good morning ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Padang.
Before we start our trip, I would like to introduce myself, my name is
Now, we are going to see a RumahGadang. RumahGadang is the traditional house of West
Sumatra. This trip will take about sixty minutes. I hope you will enjoy it.
On the left side. Where you can see those houses, there used to be many RumahGadang.
----(merekaberhenti di depansebuahRumahgadang)---
A RumahGadang is also called a platform house. It is made of wood and the rooF used to be
made of palm fibers, but now it is made of corrugated zinc.
Now let us have a look at the inside, please follow me and watch the steps.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

---( Di dalamRumahGadang)----
A RumahGadang usually consists of an uneven number of rooms, starting with seven rooms.
This rumahGdang consists of seven rooms or biliek.
This room we are in now is called the anjueng or the honored place. This room is always in
the front part of the house.
Now ladies and gentlemen, if you have any questions, please ask!
T : I want to know why these people dont build this kind of house anymore ?
G : Well, this kind of house is relatively expensive and also it is unhealthy because of poor
ventilation.
T : Oh.. I see
G : I think it is time to have a break now. Just five hundred meters from here, we can find a
decent restaurant.
WORD LIST:
Corrugated : Bergelombang
decent : Baik /Bagus (makanan, harga, suasana)
To enjoy : Menikmati
Fiber : Serat
To follow : mengikuti
Honored : terhormat, dihormati
To introduce : memperkenalkandiri
Left side : sebelahkiri
Palm : Palem
Palm fiber : ijuk
Platform : panggung
Roof : atap
To take (time) : memakanwaktu
To take pictures : memotret
Used to : dulunya; tadinya
Uneven : ganjil (bilangan)
To watch : memperhatikan
To welcome : menyambutselamatdatang
Zinc : seng
EXERCISE (LATIHAN)
TerjemahkanKalimatberikutkedalambahasainggris:
1. Mari kitaberistirahatsebentar.

2. Restoranituberada di sebelahkanananda.

3. Perjalananiniakanmemakanwaktukurangdari 2 jam

4. Jakarta dulunyabernama Batavia sebelu Indonesia merdeka

5. Sekarangandabolehmemotret.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 2
GREETINGS (TEGUR SAPA)

A: Good morning, Sir.
Good afternoon, Madam
Good evening, Mom
Good night, Dad
B: How are you ?
How are you doing?
Hows everything (going)?
Hows Life?
Whats up?
How do you do?
A: Fine, thanks
Just fine, thanks
Pretty well, thanks
Im very well, thank you.
Im fine, thank you.
Im pretty well, thank you
Im happy to see you
Im pleased to see you
Im delighted to see you
Its a pleasure to see you
Its a pleasure to meet you
Person A: "Hi, my name is Steve. It's nice to meet you."
Person B: "I'm Jack. It's a pleasure to meet you, Steve."
Person A: "What do you do for a living Jack?"
Person B: "I work at the bank."
Person A: "What is your name?"
Person B: "Jackson."
Person A: "What was that again?"
Person A: "Hey John, how have you been?"
Person B: "What a surprise. I haven't seen you in a long time.
How have you been?"
Person A: "I'm doing very well. How about you?"
Person B: "I finally have some free time. I just finished taking a
big examination, and I'm so relieved that I'm done with it."
Person A: "Hi Nancy, what have you been up to?"
Person B: "The same ole same ole." Or, "The same as usual. How
about you?"
Person A: "I'm pretty busy at work these days, but otherwise,
everything is great."
Person A: "Andy, it's been a long time, how are you man?"
Person B: "What a surprise. I haven't seen you in a long time.
How have you been?"
Person A: "Do you come to this restaurant often?"
Person B: "I've been here a couple of times, but I don't come on
a regular basis."

Exercises : Listening to the audio !! Complete the sentences bellow and answer the questions!

1. Hi. Haven't we _______ before?

A. Yes. I believe we have.
B. Nice to meet you too.
C. Nothing special.
2. Long time, ________________.
A. I see you too.
B. It has been a long time.
C. How about you?

3. Hi, how's _________________________?

A. Five people.
B. Oh really?
C. They're fine.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

4. So, _________________________?
A. Pretty good.
B. That's too bad.
C. Nothing much.

5. Did you hear __________________________?

A. Oh, what a shame.
B. Hey, that's fantastic.
C. I like my job too.

6. Have you ____________ from Bill ___________________?

A. Yes. He's still working downtown.
B. No. Bill is not here now.
C. Yes. Bill is twenty-three.

7. _____________________________________________________?
A. I'm going skiing.
B. Same to you.
C. I like weekends a lot.

8. _____________________________________________________?
A. And you?
B. I'll tell him.
C. You too.

9. _____________________________________________________?
A. I will.
B. Hello brother.
C. Same to you.

10. _____________________________________________________?
A. You too.
B. I'll get home soon.
C. I know the way home.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 3
AT THE OFFICE | TELEPHONE
First Day At Office

George:- Is this your first day to the office?

Wasim:- Yes, this is my first day to the office. How do you came to know?
George:- Seems so, as you are looking very alone and somewhat puzzled. Are you a fresher or
worked previously somewhere else?
Wasim:- Yes, I'm a fresher.
George:- What have you done I mean to which stream do you belong?
Wasim:- I have completed B-Tech from Computer Science.
George:- Ok, so you joined as a Software Engineer.
Wasim:- Yes
George:- Anyways nice to meet you.
Wasim:- Same here.
George:- Bye.

A company representative and a job seeker

Ram: Hello, can I speak to Ms. Gita?
Gita : This is Gita. May I know whos calling?
Ram: Im Ram Prakash from Accel Computers. You have been short-listed for the first round
of interviews. I need some more information from your side.
Gita : Oh sure Mr. Prakash. Please go ahead.
Ram: You have completed your MCA with high first class. Why did you apply for this job?
Gita : Market sources say Accel Computers is among the front runners in computer
education. I therefore thought it was the best place to start a career.
Ram: I see. But given your academic background, wont you be tempted to try for bigger
and better prospects abroad? What kind of a commitment can you give us?
Gita : I have no intention of going abroad, Sir. I prefer to work for an indigenous company
rather than faceless MNCs or foreign companies.
Ram: Thats very interesting. When will you be available for employment?
Gita : Immediately, Sir.
Ram: Great. I will get back to you in a couple of days through e-mail.
Gita : OK, Sir. And thank you for your time.
Ram: You are welcome Gita. Have a good day.
Gita : Thank you, Sir.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

EXERCISES : Please fill in the Blanks with the words in the Oval!!

Receptionist: Thank you for phoning Maple Dental Clinic. Sylvia ___________ . How can I help you?
Thelma: Hi Sylvia.____________ Thelma Woods calling. How are you today?

Receptionist: I'm fine Mrs. Woods. How are you?

Thelma: Well, actually, I have a bit of a sore tooth. I was hoping Dr. Morris would have some
time to see me this week.
Receptionist: I'm ___________he's booked this week. I can put you in for 2pm next Tuesday. How
does that sound?
Thelma: That would be great.
Receptionist: I'll have to give you the address of our new office.
Thelma: Oh, that's right, you moved.
Receptionist: Yes, we moved downtown. Do you have a _____________ ?

Thelma: Could you hold on a ____________ please. ...Okay, go ahead Sylvia.

Receptionist: Okay, we are at 723 Baltic Avenue. Suite 004.

Thelma: ____________________ spelling that for me?

Receptionist: Sure. That's seven-twenty-three Baltic--B ____________ A as in Alpha, L as in Lima, T

as in tango, I as in India, and C as in Charlie. And it's suite zero zero four.
Thelma: Okay great. I'll see you on Tuesday then.
Receptionist: Okay. ______________ calling. See you then.

Thelma: Thanks. Bye.

I amSpeakingThanks forafraid Please can

youAs in BravoMoment

Pen Handy
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 4
PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakansuatu yang sedang terjadi saat ini, sedang
berlangsung saat ini. Misalnya: Saya sedang menulis sekarang, Anda saat ini sedang membaca
pelajaran Present Continuous Tense yang saya tulis, Saya sedang jatuh cinta, dsb.

Rumusnya:
Positif : S + Tobe + Ving
Negatif : S + Tobe+ Not+ Ving
Tanya : Tobe + S + Ving

Kalau Tobe nanti itu berganti dengan is, am, are. Tergantung pasangannya apa. Dalam bahasa
Inggris setiap Personal Pronoun atau Kata Ganti Orang sudah ada pasangannya masing-masing.
Present Continuous Tense tak akan pernah lepas dari Tobe ini. Contoh:

- I am writing now (Saya sedang menulis sekarang)

- You are reading my article at present (Apa artinya?)
- She is waiting for you.

Example in Paragraph:

On The Beach
Im sitting on the beach, eating an icecream, Alice and Paul are swimming in the sea and Tom is in
the park. Hes playing with a friend. Peter is listening to the radio and reading.

Were having a fantastic holiday. Aber is a little fishing village in north Wales with a park, a
castle,some Roman remains and some lovely gardens, and theres a little fishing port with a
lighthouse.

Everybody here is really friendly. I think were lucky. This is our second holiday this year and were
doing just what we want to do:sleeping eating and playing games. The food is lovely too.

Exercise 1:

1) Whats the author of the text doing?

__________________________
2) What are Alice and Paul doing?
__________________________
3) What is Peter doing?
__________________________
4) Wheres Tom?
__________________________
5) Wheres Aber?
__________________________

Peter
Peter is an electrician. He's going out the door. He is getting into his car. Right now
he is starting the motor. The car is moving. He is driving past a railway station. He
is stopping the car. His friend is getting in the car. They are driving to work. Peter's
friend is happy to be in the car. It is quite early in the morning, and today it's very
cold. Peter's friend is going to be early for work today.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Exercise 2:
1. What is Peter? He is a(n) _____________
2. What is he doing first? Hes ______________________
3. What is Peter starting? Hes Starting ________________
4. What is his friend doing ? Hes __________________
5. How is Peters Friend feeling? Hes feeling ___________________
6. His friend likes to be in the car because ___________________
7. Where are they driving? Theyre driving ___________________
8. Peters friend is going to be_____________________________

Exercise 3:
1. Mike / clean / the house / ?

2. I / cook / an omelette / for dinner

3. Mike / smile at / me

4. I / run / to catch / the bus

5. Mike / think / about / his / problems

Sarah Miller is in New York. She is writing a letter to her best friend.

Dear Sophia,
How are you? How is London? I am having a very good time in New York.
Its Sunday and its sunny and warm. Now its ten in the morning and we are in Central Park. I
am sitting under a tree, I am listening to my radio and I am writing to you, of course.
My Canadian cousin Rosemary is here with us, she is reading a comic. Shes very pretty. Shes
tall and slim and she has got long wavy brown hair. Her parents are in Toronto.
My father is reading The New York Times, an American newspaper. My mother is playing
with my little brother Jimmy on the grass and they are eating popcorn.
There are many people in the park. Some men are jogging, two girls are walking their
dogs, and an old man is skating! And he can do that quiet well.
We often come to this fantastic park, in this wonderful city because we relaxing here. But
sometimes we visit other interesting places: museums, shops
New York is great! There are many fantastic skyscrapers and there are people
everywhere!
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Love, Sarah

CHAPTER 5
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau
kegiatan yang berlangsung/terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana, kegiatan atau
pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang, kebiasaan sehari-hari, peristiwa atau perbuatan yang tidak
ada kaitannya dengan waktu, dan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran umum.

Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense

Mengekspresikan kalimat Simple Present Tense yang menggunakan kata kerja (VERB)

+ Subject + Verb 1 + Object

- Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object
? DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
? Question Word + DO/ DOES + Subject + Verb 1?

Contoh :
+ I speak English everyday
She speaks English everyday
- I don't speak English
She doesn't speak English
Do you speak English?
? Jawaban: Yes I do, atau No, I don't
Does she speak English?
Jawaban: Yes She does, atau No, She doesnt
? Why do you speak English everyday ?

Here are some differences in how we use the simple present and the present continuous:
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Exercise 1:Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Use the simple
present or the present continuous tense.

1. My brother __________________________ (like) this CD very much.

2. He __________________________ (travel) in China this summer.
3. We __________________________ (go) to lunch now. Would you like to join us?
4. We always __________________________ (visit) Grandma on Sundays.
5. In this photo, we __________________________ (play) volleyball on the beach.
6. I __________________________ (play) tennis every day.
7. My father cant come to the phone now. He __________________________ (take) a shower.
8. My father __________________________ (work) as an accountant in a big company.
9. I think this pen __________________________ (cost) HK$8.
10. I cant play online games now. My brother __________________________ (use) the
computerto do his homework.

Exercise 2: Complete the missing lyrics !

Songwriters
ROBERT LOPEZ, KRISTEN ANDERSON-LOPEZ

The _______ glows white on the mountain tonight, not a footprint to be _______.
A _________ of isolation and it looks like I'm the ________. The ______ is howling
like this swirling storm _________. Couldn't keep it in, Heaven knows I _______.
Don't let _______ in, don't let them ______. Be the _____ girl you always ____ to be.
Conceal, don't _______, don't let them _______. Well, now they ________!

Let it _____, let ___ go! Can't _____ it ______ any more. Let it go, let it go! Turn
_______ and slam the ______.I don't _____ what they're going to _____. Let the
______ rage on. The _____ never bothered ___ anyway.

It's funny ______ some _______,makes everything seem _______.

And the fears that _______ controlled me, can't ____ to me at all. It's time to ____
what I ____ do, to _____ the limits and ______ through. No ______, no wrong, no
rules _____ me. I'm ______!

Let it go, let it go. I am ____ with the wind and _____.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Let it go, let it go. You'll never see me _____.

Here I'll _____, and here I'll _______.

Let the _______ rage on.

My ______ flurries through the ____ into the ground. My ______ is spiraling in _____
fractals all around. And _____ thought crystallizes _____ an icy blast
I'm _______ going back; the ______ is in the past!

Let it go, let it go. And I'll rise like the ________ of dawn.
Let it go, let it go. That perfect girl is _______
Here I ______, in the light of _____.

Let the ________ rage on!

The cold never bothered me anyway...
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 6
HOTEL CONVERSATIONS
BOOKING THE HOTEL:

A: Fairway Hotel. Can I help you?

B: Hello, I would like a room for tonight. Friday, August 15th. the 20th through the 23rd.

A: What kind of room would you like?

B: Id like a single room, please.

A: Hold on, please.... Im afraid all our single rooms are reserved. The only room we have
available is a twin.

B: How much for the twin room?

A: Sixty dollars including tax. excluding tax / before tax.

B: Does that include breakfast?

A: No, but breakfast is available in our dining room.

B: OK, Ill take a room for tonight (only).

A: Ill need to get your credit card information to guarantee your room....

Checking in:

A: Hi, my name is Suzuki and I have a reservation for tonight.

B: Let me check. OK, yes. A twin room for one night.

A: Thats right.

B: You are in room 408. How would you like to pay for the room?

A: Do you take American Express Travelers Checks?

B: Certainly, are they in American funds?

A: No, in Canadian. Is that OK?

B: Yes, no problem. With the exchange, that comes to 83.76 dollars Canadian.

A: Do I pay now or when I check out.

B: In advance, please.

A: Here you go.

B: The elevator is just around the corner. Do you need any help with your bags?

A: No thanks. I can manage myself.

B: Is there anything else we can do to help you enjoy your stay?

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

A: Can you give me a wake-up call at 7:00?

B: We dont do that from here. You can use the clock radio in the room, or you can
program the telephone in your room to ring at 7:00.

A: Oh, yes. I have a meeting downtown tomorrow. Does this hotel have a shuttle bus?

B: No, Im afraid we dont, but we will be happy to call a taxi for you if you provide us with
the details.

A: No, that wont be necessary. I can call from my room.

B: There are no charges for local calls.

Calling the front desk:

B: Front desk.

A: Hi, Im in 408 and my TV doesnt seem to be working.

B: We will send someone up to take a look at it in a few minutes. How is everything else?

A: Everything else with the room is great. Do the rooms come equipped with irons?

B: No, but they are available free of charge here at the front desk.

A: Can you send it up with the person who is going to look at my TV?

B: Certainly. Tom should be up there by 2:00.

A: Thanks. What should I do with the iron when Im finished?

B: You can keep it in your room. If you dont hear back from me before 9 tonight, just
leave it on your desk and the cleaning staff will pick it up in the morning.

A: OK, thanks for everything.

B: Enjoy your stay, and dont hesitate to call if there is something else I can do for you.
be afraid to ask

====================================================================

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences bellow with the correct answer using (going to ) or
(will ) future tense.

1. Have you phoned Tom ? (After lunch) . Not yet. I am________________________

2. Have you had dinner ? (just) . Not yet. I ______________________________
3. Have you painted your flat ? (soon) Not yet. I ____________________________
4. Have you repaired my bicycle ? (just) Not yet. I __________________________
5. Have you made the coffe ? (just) Not yet. I__________________________
6. I am too tired to walk home. I think _____________________ a taxi.
7. I feel a bit hungry. I think _________________________something to eat.
8. Its a bit cold in this room. I __________________ close the heating then.
9. Would you like tea or coffee? I ___________________coffee, please.
10. Can you clean he windows ? Sure, I ________________this afternoon.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Exercise 2: Complete the missing lyrics !

Songwriters
ROBERT LOPEZ, KRISTEN ANDERSON-LOPEZ

Anna: Elsa?
(Knocking: Knock, knock, knock, knock, knock, knock)
Do you wanna ______ a snowman? Come on lets go and _____
I _____ see you anymore. Come out the _____. It's like you've gone ________-
We used to be _____ buddies. And _____ we're not
I ________ you would tell me _______!-
Do you wanna _______ a snowman?. It doesn't have to be a ___________.

Elsa: Go away, Anna

Anna: Okay, bye...

(Knocking)
Do you wanna _______ a snowman?. Or ride our bikes __________ the halls
I think ________ company is overdue. I've started _________ to
the ________ on the walls- (Hang in there, Joan!)
It gets a ______ lonely. All these empty _______,

Just _________ the hours tick by-

(Tic-Tock, Tic-Tock, Tic-Tock, Tic-Tock, Tic-Tock)

(Orchestral)

Anna: (Knocking) Elsa?

Please, I _______ you're in there, __________ are asking where you've been
They _____ "have courage", and I'm ________ to
I'm right out _______ for you, just let ____ in
We ______ have each _______. It's just _____ and me
What are we gonna ____?

Do you wanna _______ a Snowman?

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 7
Past Continuous and Past Simple
Simple Past Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan
atau kegiatan yang terjadi dimasa lampau dan waktu terjadinya persitiwa itu telah diketahui.
Simple Past Tense menggunakan jenis "TO BE 2" and "VERB 2". TO BE 2 terdiri dari: was &
were (untuk selengkapnya, lihat table berikut):

I Was I
You You
They Were They
We We Did / Didn't
He He
She Was She
It It

Mengekspresikan kalimat Simple Past Tense yang menggunakan kata kerja (VERB)

+ Subject + Verb 2 + Object

- Subject + DID NOT (DIDN'T) + Verb 1 + Object
? DID + Subject + Verb 1 + Object ?
? Question Word + DID + Subject + Verb 1 ?

Contoh :
+ He bought a pair of shoes yesterday.
- He didn't buy a pair of shoes yesterday.
Did he buy a pair of shoes yesterday?
? Jawaban: Yes He did, atau No, He did not (didn't)
? Why did he buy a pair of shoes yesterday?

Mengekspresikan kalimat Simple Past Tense yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja (Non VERB)

+ Subject + To be 2 + Non Verb + Object

- Subject + To be 2 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
? To be 2 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
? Question Word + To be 2 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?

Contoh :
+ I was a singer 5 years ago.
We were a singer 5 years ago.
- I was not a singer 5 years ago.
We were not a singer 5 years ago.
? Were you a singer 5 years ago?
Jawaban: Yes I was, atau No, I was not
Where were you last night?
? Jawaban: I was at home.
Why was she absent yesterday?
Jawaban: She was sick yesterday
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Past Continuous Tense atau Past Progressive Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan
untuk menunjukkan dua kejadian yang terjadi pada saat yang bersamaan, tetapi satu kejadian
terjadi lebih awal dan masih sedang berlangsung ketika kejadian kedua terjadi.

Was untuk subject: I, she, he, it.

Were untuk subject: you, they, we.

Rumus dan Contoh Past Continuous Tense

+ Subject + To be 2 + (Verb + ing) + Object

- Subject + To be 2 + NOT + (Verb + ing) + Object
? To be 2 + Subject + (Verb + ing( + Object ?
? Question Word + To be 2 + Subject + (Verb + ing) + Object ?

Contoh : + I was walking down the street when it began to rain.

When i was in the park, the sun was shining.
- It was not raining when i went to the market last night.
They were not playing football when you were not at home.
? Was he studying when I arrived at home?
Jawaban: Yes he was, atau he, was not
? Why were you reading that book?
What was she doing with this document when all the staff went home?

Exercise 1: Listen to the 2 stories and tick the correct statement:

The man's story

The man was walking home.

The man was driving home.

It was early in the morning, 8 o'clock.

It was dark.

He walked through the forest.

He walked through the sidewalk.

The woman was wearing black clothes.

The woman was wearing white clothes.

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

The woman was floating towards the man.

The woman was running towards the man.

The man got scared and started running.

The man got scared, started running and fell down.

The woman had a white a face like a goat.

The woman got a white face like a ghoast.

The woman's story

The woman was walking home on the sidewalk.

The woman was walking home through the forest.

It was in the morning.

It was getting dark.

The woman saw group of teenagers.

The woman saw a lot of aggressive dogs.

The woman felt comfortable to pass next to them.

The woman felt uncomfortable to pass next to them.

They looked strange.

They looked nervous.

At the end of the story, nothing happened to the woman.

At the end of the story, the woman was attacked by them.

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 8
Conversation and Reading comperhension
Taking a Reservation
Receptionist: Thanks for calling Quality Inn. Morine speaking.

Caller: Hello. I'm interested in booking a room for the September long weekend.

I'm afraid we're totally booked for that weekend. There's a convention in town and
Receptionist:
we're the closest hotel to the convention centre.

Caller: Oh, I didn't realize. Well what about the weekend after that?

Receptionist: So... Friday the seventeenth?

Caller: Yes. Friday and Saturday.

It looks like we have a few vacancies left. We recommend that you make a
Receptionist:
reservation, though. It's still considered peak season then.

Caller: Okay. Do you have any rooms with two double beds? We're a family of four.

Yes, all of our rooms have two double beds. The rate for that weekend is $129 dollars
Receptionist:
a night.

That's reasonable. And do you have cots? One of my daughters might be bringing a
Caller:
friend.

We do, but we also charge an extra ten dollars per person for any family with over
Receptionist:
four people. The cot is free.

Caller: Okay, but I'm not positive if she is coming. Can we pay when we arrive?

Yes, but we do require a fifty dollar credit card deposit to hold the room. You can
Receptionist:
cancel up to five days in advance and we will refund your deposit.

Caller: Great, I'll call you right back. I have to find my husband's credit card.

Okay. Oh, and just to let you know...our outdoor pool will be closed, but our indoor
Receptionist:
pool is open.

Exercise 1: Check your understanding

1. Why did the caller phone this hotel?
2. Why can't the caller stay at the hotel on the September long weekend?
3. Why does the caller have to hang up and call back?
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

At a Restaurant
Waitress: Hi, welcome to our restaurant.
Customer: _____________________________
Waitress: How many people are there?
Customer: _____________________________
Waitress: Just one person, ok. Smoking or non-smoking?
Customer: Non-smoking please.
Waitress: _______________________________
Customer: Thanks.
Waitress: ___________________________________
=============================================================
Waitress: ____________________________________?
Customer: Mmm I was wondering about this wine actually. Whats your house wine?
Waitress: Our house wine is this red wine right here and its 10 dollars.
Customer: Oh, I think Ill have a glass of that actually.
Waitress: ___________________________?
Customer: ________________________________?
Waitress: 10 dollars.
Customer: Oh sorry. Yeah Ill have a bottle then, thanks.
Waitress: ____________________________________?
Customer: Mmm I quite like the look of several of these. Now the melon, does that
come with anything else?
Waitress: The melon? It just comes with some garnish But its pretty much just plain
melon with garnish and some whipped cream.
Customer: _____________________________________?
Waitress: Well I really recommend the fries. Theyre quite good and they come with
cheese and tomatoes and some chile on top.
Customer: Oh they sound nice. Ok, Ill have those thanks.
==========================================================
Waitress: _______________________________________?
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Customer: Yes I think Im ready now. I think Ill have this vegetable goulash.
Can you tell me, is it vegetarian?
Waitress: It is, actually. Its all vegetarian but it does come with cheese.
Customer: ___________________________________?
Waitress: It comes with a side order of rice or potatoes.
Customer: Id like rice please.
Waitress: _______.
=======================================================
Waitress: ______________________________?
Customer: It was delicious, thank you.
Waitress: Can I get you anything else?
Customer: Oh, Id like to look at the desert menu please. Mm these all look nice. Oh I
think I must go for this chocolate cake here.
Waitress: Chocolate cake. Very good choice-thats our most popular dish.
Customer: _______________________________?
Waitress: Would you like custard or whipped cream?
Customer: Whipped cream please.
Waitress: ______________________________.
Customer: Could I have the bill please?
Waitress: Certainly. Here you go.
Customer: Mmm 30 dollars. Oh thats ok, thats not too bad.
Waitress: __________________________.
Customer: ____________________________.
Waitress: Bye, come again!
Customer: Bye!
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Vocabularries

Base Past Simple Past

Form Participle

With regular verbs, the rule is simple...

The past simple and past participle always finish finished finished
end in -ed:
stop stopped stopped

work worked worked

But with irregular verbs, there is no rule...

Sometimes the verb changes completely: sing sang sung

Sometimes there is "half" a change: buy bought bought

Sometimes there is no change: cut cut cut

Exercise 1: Complete the words

V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
work do
talk eat
want see
help buy
ask sing

Exercise 2: Find the Verbs! And Storry telling....

In our physical education class we play lots of games. My favorite is kickball. We kick the ball, then
we run around the bases. I like to pitch the ball and try to tag the other kids out. I do my best to
catch the ball and throw it to my teammates. Sometimes I succeed, sometimes not. But, we enjoy
ourselves each time.

Today, my mom and I will bake a cake for my dads birthday. We scoop our into a bowl. We crack
eggs and add them to the bowl. Next, mom mixes in milk and sugar. I spread butter in the pan and
mom pours in the batter. We place the pan into the hot oven and wait. Lastly, we eat it! Happy
Birthday Dad!

I always feel miserable when I get a cold. My head hurts and my body aches. I usually have to use a
whole box of tissues to clear my stuffy nose. My Mom gives me yucky medicine to drink. I rest in
bed and soon I become healthy again.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

CHAPTER 9
DESCRIBING SOMETHING
the weather:

"They are wearing coats, so it must be cold.

Maybe it's the fall or the winter, or maybe it's winter vacation, etc."

the setting:

"It looks like they are in a big/small city, because there are many buildings nearby," or

"It looks like they are in the country/mountains/vacation resort, etc."

the mood of the people:

They seem to be happy/nervous/bored/stressed out because they are on vacation/studying for a

test, etc.
=========================================================================

Use 90 seconds to describe a picture in as much detail as possible

Questions to answer:
"Where are these people?"
"What are they doing?"
"Have you ever had a similar experience? etc.

Focus on the most important part of the picture first and move around the picture.
In the foreground/ middle ground/ background you can see ... (there is ...)
In the foreground/background
In the middle/centre there are ...
The central focus of this picture is
At the top/At the bottom there is ...
On the left/right of the picture there are ...
In the top left corner / bottom right corner of the picture, a man
Behind/In front of ... you can see ...
Between ... there is ...
The photograph shows a football player getting a red card from a referee
at a soccer match.The player who is getting the card is on the white team.
He is turning away and looks disgusted. I think he can't believe it. The
other players in the picture are all from the other team. They look very
happy with the referee's decision. The other team has a blue and white
kit. The referee is holding the red card high in the air. He is being very
clear - I think he is quite strict and is not allowing any discussion. The
stadium is crowded, and it is difficult to see where the players are from,
but it must be an important match.
AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

Example of desciption :

The picture shows a big group of young people having a barbeque in a park. I think they are
from Japan.
There are about 20 people in the group, and most of them are wearing jeans and blue or
dark-colored shirts. They are having a lot of fun, and some of them are making faces at the
camera. Everybody is trying to get in the picture.
They are in some kind of a park or a forest. They could be on holiday, or it could be a school
trip. I don't know what they are cooking. It could be hamburger, but it could also be some
special Japanese food!

What about this??

AKPARDA YOGYAKARTA
English Professional I

REFERENCES

Ali Mustadi, S. Pd, M. Pd. Modul Perkuliahan Mata Kuliah: Bahasa Inggris.

Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA. 2008.

Dr. Doddy Rusmono, MLIS. Bahasa Inggris. Direktorat jenderal pendidikan islam

Kementerian. 2012.

Herpinus Simanjuntak. English For Receptionist. Visipro. dari Kesain Blanc. Jakarta.

2007

Lynne Visutskie. English for Special Purposes: Hotel Staff. Visipro. Divisi dari Kesain

Blanc. Jakarta. 2007

Jasmin N. Sitepu. English for Special Purposes Conversational Approach : Tour

Guide. Visipro. Jakarta 2009..

www.englishforeveryone.org. Yogyakarta. 28 September 2014.

http://fevizoenarti.blogspot.com. Yogyakarta. 13 Februari 2014. 3:00 AM