SPM PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

CHEMISTRY:

CHEMICAL BONDING

PAPER 2
Section A

1.
a) The dot-and-cross diagram shows all the electrons in a molecule.

8p 4p 8p

i) Name this molecule.

ii) What type of bonding is present in this molecule?
b) Show in a similar manner a molecule of ammonia, NH3.
(6 marks)
2.
a) Complete the following table which gives information about two ions.

Ion Number of Number of Number of Nucleon

protons neutrons electrons (mass)
number
F- 9 10
Mg2+ 10 24

b) Draw a dot and cross diagram show the bonding in magnesium fluoride
(MgF2). Include all the electrons in your diagram. (3 marks)
3. Carbon monoxide is a covalent compound.
a) Give two general physical properties of covalent compounds.
b) Explain, in terms of electrons, what is meant by covalent bond.
c) Between which types of elements are covalent bonds usually formed?
(4 marks)

4. Diagram 1 shows the formation of ion X2+ and ion Y2-. The letters used are
not the actual symbol of the atoms.

Atom X Atom Y X2+ Y2-

a) State the electron arrangement of atom X and atom Y. (2 marks)

b) Explain how ion X2+ and ion Y2- are formed.
(2 marks)
2+ 2-
c) Ion X and ion Y combine to form a compound.
(1 mark)
i) Predict the type of bond formed.
ii) Explain your answer in 4.c)i). (2 marks)
iii) State three properties of the compound formed.
(3 marks)
5. Table below shows the proton numbers of element W, X, Y and Z (which are
not the real symbols of the elements).
Element Proton number
W 10
X 11
Y 17
Z 18

a) Write the electronic arrangement of W, X, Y and Z.

Element W:
Element X:
Element Y:
Element Z: (2 marks)
b) Which of the elements have the stable electronic structures? Explain your
answers. (3 marks)
c) Element X reacts with element Y to form a compound.
i) Give the molecular formula of the compound formed by element X (1 mark)
and element Y. (1 mark)
ii) State the type of bonding in the compound formed in c)i). (1 (1 mark)
iii) Give one physical property of the compound.
iv) Draw the electronic structures of the particles present in the (2 marks)
compound.
6.
a) Complete table below that gives information about the two ions.
Ion Electron Proton Number of
arrangement number electron

Na+ 2.8

Cl- 18

b) What is the group and the period of the element Cl? (2 marks)
c) Give the formula of the ionic compound. (2 marks)
d) Explain how this compound is formed, in terms of the transfer of (1 marks)
electrons. (2 marks)
e) Explain why this compound has a high boiling point.

(2 marks)
7. Table below shows the information of the two elements.
Element P Q

Proton number 6 8

Neutron number 6 8

Valence electrons 4 6

a) Element Q does not exist in nature as an element.

i) Give the molecular formula of the compound of element Q that
exists in nature. (1 marks)
ii) State the type of bonding present in the compound. (1 marks)
iii) Give two physical properties of the molecule. (2 marks)
b) Element P combines with element Q to form a compound .
i) State the type of bonding in the compound. (1 marks)
ii) Write the formula of the compound. (1 marks)
iii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the formation of the (1 marks)
compound.
iv) Draw an electronic structure diagram to show the valence (2 marks)
electrons of the compound.
8. Diagram below shows the atomic symbol of elements of magnesium, sodium
and oxygen.
24 23 16
12 11 8

(1 mark)
a) Based on diagram above, state the non-metal element.
b) Diagram below shows the electron arrangement of a compound.

i) State the elements that form the compound. (2 marks)

ii) Which element is the metal? (1 marks)
iii) Write the electron arrangement of the metallic element. (1 marks)
iv) State the color of the compound formed in b)i). (1 marks)
c) 4.6 g of sodium reacts vigorously with oxygen to form sodium oxide.
i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction. (1 marks)
ii) Calculate the mass of sodium oxide produced. (3 marks)
[relative atomic mass: O=16, Na=23]
9. Diagram below shows the electron arrangement of compound F formed when
carbon reacts with oxygen.

a) Based on the diagram, write the electron arrangement of atoms of carbon (2 marks)
and oxygen. (1 marks)
Carbon: (1 marks)
Oxygen:
b) State the type of bond in compound F.
c) Write the chemical formula for compound F. (1 marks)
3
d) Compound F exists as gas at room condition. 36 dm of gas F reacts with (2 marks)
ammonia to form urea, CO(NH2)2. (3 marks)
i) State the name of reaction between gas F and ammonia.
ii) Write the balance chemical equation for the reaction.
iii) Calculate the mass of urea formed.
[molar mass of urea = 60 g mol-1, 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at
room temperature conditions]
Section B

10.
a) Explain what is the conditions for the formation of chemical bonds. (5 marks)
b) State the types of chemical bonds. (2 marks)
c) Explain the formation of ionic bonds in sodium chloride, NaCl by
drawing the electron arrangement for sodium chloride. (8 marks)

11. Table 2 shows three atoms, P, Q, and R. The letters used are not represent the
actual symbol of the atoms.
Atom Atomic number
P 7
Q 11
R 17

a) Based on the information given in Table 2;

i) Write the electron arrangement of atom Q and atom R. (2 marks)
ii) State the formula of ion Q and ion R and explain how the ions are (3 marks)
formed.
iii) Write the formula of the compound that is formed between atom Q (3 marks)
and atom R. Draw the electron arrangement of the compound.
b) CF2Cl2 is an example of a chlorofluorocarbon which consists of chlorine, (10 mark)
fluorine and carbon atoms bounded to each other through chemical bond.
State the type of bond of the compound and explain how it is formed.
Section C

12. Make use of the information in the table below to answer the questions
follow.
Element Symbol Atomic number Relative atomic
mass
Lithium Li 3 7
Beryllium Be 4 9
Carbon C 6 12
Oxygen O 8 16
Aluminium Al 13Cl 27
Chloride Cl 17 35.5

a) The electronic structure of the carbon atom may be written 2.4. Show in
similar way the electronic structures of the other five elements in the table. (5 marks)
b) Which three elements in the table are conductors of electricity?
c) Predict the formulae of the simplest compounds formed. (3 marks)
i) Between lithium and oxygen.
ii) Between carbon and chloride.
iii) Between beryllium and oxygen.
d) Which, if any, of the compounds in your answer to c) would you expect to (3 marks)
be liquid at room temperature and pressure? Give reasons for your answer.
e) Give the number of neutrons present in one atom of
i) Beryllium (2 marks)
ii) Carbon
iii) Aluminium
f) The relative atomic mass of chlorine is not an integer (whole number).
How can this fact be explained? (3 marks)

( 1 mark)
13.
a) Element P reacts with oxygen to form a compound which is yellow when
hot and white when cold. The compound formed conducts electricity in
molten state and does not conduct electricity in solid state.
State the name of element P and the type of bond formed in the
compound. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (4 marks)

b) Table below shows the proton number of elements S, T, U, and V.

Element S T U V
Proton 8 9 19 20
number

Based on table above, choose two elements that form a compound with
low melting and boiling points.
Explain how the compound is formed and draw the electron arrangement
for the compound. (10 marks)