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A SEMINAR TOPIC ON

LANDMINE DETECTION USING RADAR BULLETS

Presented By:
Saraswat Sadhan Patnaik
Regd No:1401109454
Mechanical Engg.
7th semester
Sec:B
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CONTENTS
Introduction
What is a Landmine
Methods used for Landmine Detection
What is a Radar Bullet
Principle of Radar
Working of Radar Bullet
Advantages
Disadvantages
Future Prospects
Conclusion
References

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INTRODUCTION

Landmines are very dangerous explosives which are used for wars.

Countries like Afghanistan, Iraq and Bosnia are the victims of these landmines.

Nearly 50 million unexploded landmines are present around the world.

Large portions of land go unused due to fear of mines.

Implanted landmines have to be detected and diffused properly.

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WHAT IS A LANDMINE?

It is an explosive device used to disable, immobilize or kill.

Most landmines are laid on just below the surface of ground and are activated by pressure.

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METHODS USED FOR LAND MINE DETECTION

The following are few methods used for detection of land mines:

Metal detection

Explosive detection

Radar bullet

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WHAT IS A RADAR BULLET?

The radar bullet is a special type of bullet which is used to find landmines without setting foot

on the ground.

The bullet is designed in such a way that it gives out powerful blast of radio waves below the

ground.

This pulse strikes the mine and its image gets available on the computer in the helicopter,

offering a safe and efficient way of finding landmines.

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RADAR PRINCIPLE

RADAR is Radio Detection And Ranging.

It operates by transmitting electro magnetic energy into the surroundings and detecting

energy reflected by object.

Radar usually consists of the following parts:

The transmitting antenna

Receiver

Display

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BLOCK DIAGRAM AND CALCULATION

T=time b/w signal transmission and reception

2R=total distance travelled

C=velocity of electromagnetic signals

= m/sec.

Velocity=distance/time

i e, C=2R/T

or, R=CT/2

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WORKING OF RADAR BULLET

A special bullet is fired downward into the ground, from a gun mounted on a helicopter flying

about 100m above the ground.

The bullet is designed in such a way that it gives out a powerful blast of radio waves below

the ground.

The bullet will produce a pulse of radio waves as it pierces into ground and signal is reflected

from any landmines within about a 15 meter radius will be detected by an antenna on the

helicopter.

The mines that are located can be destroyed at once.


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CONTD..

The radar pulse is generated from the bullets kinetic energy by a process known as,

Magnetic flux compression.

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ADVANTAGES

The light weight system can be fitted to any helicopter i.e gun, computer controls etc.

Extremely small bullets can be used for detection.(A 30 mm bullet gives out a 4 Kw radar

pulse which is almost 10 times more powerful than a standard GPR).

Stronger signals are obtained.

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DISADVANTAGES

It cannot detect plastic landmines, but researches are working hard to overcome this.

Since the equipment is to be mounted on a helicopter, the cost of operation is higher.

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FUTURE PROSPECTS

As the UN has already implemented a worldwide ban on anti-personnel mines. The invention

of radar bullet helps to speed up the destruction of mines.

Mass graveyards which results from internal civil wars as in Cambodia,Kosovo and in same

African nations can be detected using radar bullets.

This can be applied in future space travels, when we go to a different planet.

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CONCLUSION

Detection and removal of mines is very important as it is hazardous to both man and animal.

The conventional methods that are being used right now for mine detection involves working

in close proximity but, mine detection using radar bullets is safe and effective.

With all this advantage it may be hoped that mine detection using radar bullets will be more

used in making the world a safer place to live in.

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REFERENCES
BOOKS
L.CARIN,R.KAPOOR,C.E.BAVAM Polarimatic SAR imaging of buried landmines.

MERILL.I.SKOLNIK Tata MC Grawhill.

S.VITEBSKIY and L.CARIN Late time resonant frequencies buried bodies of revolutions.

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