Welcome to, color master class for nuke to compositer my name is Victor Perez i'll

be your mentor, for the following hours we explore at mundo of color, using nuke
this class is for people alreally familiar at nuke so you must be able to please
basically run nuke the interface and minimum compositing fundamental we are
not here to teach you basic we are about mystified, color concept the physics of
light, elements of optics the digital color representation matched color operations
and course how to process all this information for artistas purposes stay with me
and I'm sure you will be directly told goes to start

in the first chapter we look at elements of optics so from a physics point of view the
first question we need to answer is clear what is color? ,But since color is related
to light before this question we need to understand one of the primary properties of
light, what is wavelength? Light is much more than we can see is an
electromagnetic radiation and it behaves as both particles and waves with a huge
range of different wavelength inside every single ray of light, they wavelength is the
distance over which the shape of a wave repeats, let me show you clearer in these
graphic this is a single song the way we don't care about the distance or the value
in this example does the concept of wavelength if we select a point in the wave for
instance where why reach the maximum value let's stay this point a and we
continue in the X axis and nextime and repeats the same value is .8 here let's
name this point be well this distance between a and B is the wavelength for this
wave

light can contain depending on their wavelength gamma rays x-rays infrared
ultraviolet microwaves radio waves and of course the visible spectrum what we see
they wavelength range of the visible spectrum goes from 392 750 nm
approximately don't forget that AB nanometers is as small as one billionth of a
meters this is a representation of our visible spectrum from red the biggest
wavelengths to violate the smallest with every color in between beyond the
boundaries of red they are infrared x-rays etc. and over violate as you guess it
ultraviolet microwaves and so on okay now that we have our color palettes we are
ready to start answering the first question what is color? well color Is nothing but
the perception of wavelength ranges of the spectrum of light the please take to
consider three elements in the process of color perception lights object and
receptor a ray of light can reach your eye from the source or after being bones
from the object I mean every Ray of light has a direction in the space and is not
going to change trajectory and to reach the matter but 1st of all or perception of
color we depend on the relation between the color of the light on the color of the
object as we will study later the question now is how the human eye receives and
perceives this is stimulation of the visible spectrum the human eye can distinguish
around the milion variations from the visible spectrum as I mentioned before
wavelength of light ranging from 390 to 750 nm inside the human eye there are
two kinds of photo sensible cells cones and roads cone cells are in charge of
received color stimulation and growth cells are just sensible to luminosity variation
they are both placed on the Retina this wall l inside the ocular globe receiving the
light passing into the eye humans are three chromatic which means our brain
creates every color variation as result of the mix of three monochromatic spectral
stimulate every single responses generated by a different kind of cone cell we
have three or small cones sensible to wavelength around 420 nm which generate
the blue component L or large cones sensible to wavelength around 564 nm
resulting the red component and M or medium cones stimulated by wavelength
around 554 nm the green complement digital image representation work exactly in
the same way every pixel has three color values one for red one for green and
one for blue they are just values numbers that are processed by monitors
projectors printers etc. as the result of one single color we would review this matter
in depth in the next chapter but back in yours eyes not all three kind of cone cells
react with the same response in these graphic we can see a normalized response
of the human cone cells the response curve for the S cones the blue color is more
narrow than the other two and as you can could see there is gap of response
between S cones and M cones corresponding to 475 nm approximately this is
within blue frequencies in the other hand L and M cones are quite broad with an
area of superposition around 555 nm which means both L and M are sensible to
bring wavelength that explains why the human eye is more sensible to green color
than the other two components being the blue the weakest signal white light has
the whole visible spectrum as we mentioned earlier or perception of color depends
on the relation between the lights on the object we look at now that we know how
the human eyes received color information let's have a look at the relation between
the other elements we perceive objects in a certain color, because the texture
qualities make it absorb some wavelengths and reject others well we see those
with lanes rejected by the object for instance this blue cube under white light will be
perceive as blue because it absorbs all wavelengths able to be read your red and
green receptors and only blue receptors are stimulated to see the color of this cube
receiving that portion of the visible spectrum traveling with lights but what
happened if the light was red and not white as before in this case or blue cube that
only reject blue frequencies will absorb all the light and no light could be rejected
which means no lights probably from the cube to our eyes and in consequence no
stimulation for any receptors so we perceive the cube has black not color no matter
how complex is the color human eyes separates and reduced light to three
independent components one for red one for green and one for blue this take us to
the synthesis of, color then following the same parameters as the human eye to
split our lights we can define a color space based on the addition of three different
values red green and blue by adding those three components of light we go to
again the whites lights this process of getting white by adding the three primary
colors is called additive synthesis by contrary the subtractive synthesis rich white
by the absence of color this is the inverse of light very important for cinema as this
is the principle of the film negative process but for us vfx artist we must understand
the fundamentals of the additive process of the base of any image manipulation
working with the additive color model also known as RGB we can reach any