Thermal comfort

PMV and PPD indices

Standard ISO 7730

Thermal v.4, page 1

Introduction

A human beings thermal sensation is mainly related to the

thermal balance of his or her body as a whole.

This balance is influenced by physical activity and clothing,
as well as environmental parameters:
Air temperature
Mean radiant temperature
Air velocity
Air humidity

When these factors have been estimated or measured, the
thermal sensation for the body as a whole can be predicted
by calculating the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV).

Thermal v.4, page 2

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 Predicted Mean Vote Scale

- +3 Hot The PMV index is used to quantify the degree of discomfort

- +2 Warm

- +1 Slightly warm

- +0 Neutral

- - 1 Slightly cool
Definition:
- -2 Cool The PMV is an index that predicts
the mean value of votes of a large group of
- -3 Cold persons
on the 7-point thermal sensation scale.

Thermal v.4, page 3

Calculation of PMV Index

PMV = (0,303e-2,100*M + 0,028)*[(M-W)- H - Ec - Cres - Eres]

PMV = (0,303e-2,100*M + 0,028)*[58,15*(M-W)

-3,05*10-3*[5733-406,7*(M-W)-pa]-24,21*[(M-W)-1]
-10-3*M*(5867-pa)-0,0814*M*(34-ta)
-3,96*10-8*fcl*[(tcl+273)4 - (teq+273) 4] - fcl*hc,eq*(tcl-teq)]

1,00+0,2*Icl for Icl <0,5 clo

hc,eq = 2,38*(tcl - teq )0,25 fcl
1,05+0,1*Icl for Icl >0,5 clo

M [MET)] Icl [CLO]

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 Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied

PPD index provides information on thermal discomfort or

thermal dissatisfaction by predicting the percentage of
people likely to feel too warm or too cold in a given
environment.

The PPD can be obtained from the PMV.

Thermal v.4, page 5

PMV And PPD

PMV-index (Predicted Mean Vote) predicts the subjective ratings of the

environment in a group of people.

PPD-index predicts the number of dissatisfied people.

Thermal v.4, page 6

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