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Velocity:
+ B
A: dv = a dt
v t
dv = A 12t - 3t1>2 B dt
L0 L0
v t
v0 = A 6t2 - 2t3>2 B 2
0
4 5>2
s = a 2t3 - t + 15b ft Ans.
5
Kinematics: When the ball is released, its velocity will be the same as the elevator at
the instant of release. Thus, v0 = 6 ft>s. Also, t = 3 s, s0 = 0, s = -h, and
ac = -32.2 ft>s2.
1
A+cB s = s0 + v0t + a t2
2 c
1
-h = 0 + 6(3) + (-32.2) A 32 B
2
h = 127 ft Ans.
A+cB v = v0 + act
v = 6 + (-32.2)(3)
3
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The distance car A travels for this part of motion can be determined by applying
Eq. 126.
+ B
A: y2 = y20 + 2ac (s - s0)
802 = 0 + 2(6)(s1 - 0)
s1 = 533.33 ft
For the second part of motion, car A travels with a constant velocity of y = 80 ft>s
and the distance traveled in t = (t1 - 13.33) s (t1 is the total time) is
+ B
A: s2 = yt = 80(t1 - 13.33)
Car B travels in the opposite direction with a constant velocity of y = 60 ft>s and
the distance traveled in t1 is
+ B
A: s3 = yt1 = 60t1
It is required that
s1 + s2 + s3 = 6000
533.33 + 80(t1 - 13.33) + 60t1 = 6000
t1 = 46.67 s
5
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s 2
yavg = = = 0.222 m>s Ans.
t 4 + 5
sTot 20.0
A ysp B avg = = = 2.22 m>s Ans.
t 4 + 5
1215. Tests reveal that a normal driver takes about 0.75 s v1 44 ft/s
before he or she can react to a situation to avoid a collision.
It takes about 3 s for a driver having 0.1% alcohol in his
system to do the same. If such drivers are traveling on a
straight road at 30 mph (44 ft>s) and their cars can
decelerate at 2 ft>s2, determine the shortest stopping
distance d for each from the moment they see the d
pedestrians. Moral: If you must drink, please dont drive!
d = 517 ft Ans.
For a drunk driver, the car moves a distance of d = yt = 44(3) = 132 ft before he
or she reacts and decelerates the car. The stopping distance can be obtained using
Eq. 126 with s0 = d = 132 ft and y = 0.
+ B
A: y2 = y20 + 2ac (s - s0)
d = 616 ft Ans.
8
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ac = 0.048 m>s2
v = 14 m>s Ans.
For the whole journey, v0 = 2 m>s, v = 14 m>s, and 0.048 m>s2. Thus,
+ B
A: v = v0 + act
14 = 2 + 0.048t
t = 250 s Ans.
Kinematics: First, we will consider the motion of ball A with (vA)0 = 5 m>s,
(sA)0 = 0, sA = (h - 10) m, tA = t , and ac = -9.81 m>s2. Thus,
1
A+cB sA = (sA)0 + (vA)0 tA + actA 2
2
1
h - 10 = 0 + 5t + (-9.81)(t)2
2
h = 5t - 4.905(t)2 + 10 (1)
1
A+cB sB = (sB)0 + (vB)0 tB + ac tB 2
2
1
h = 0 + 10(t - 1) + (-9.81)(t - 1)2
2
h = 19.81t - 4.905(t)2 - 14.905 (2)
h = 4.54 m Ans.
t = 1.68 m
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s (m)
200 300
a - 0 2 - 0
= a = (0.01s) m>s2
s - 0 200 - 0
a - 2 0 - 2
= a = (- 0.02s + 6) m>s2
s - 200 300 - 200
ydy = ds
y s
ydy = 0.01sds
L0 L0
y = (0.1s) m>s
ydy = ads
y s
ydy = (-0.02s + 6)ds
L20.0m>s L200m
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x = 0 + 30t1 (1)
y-Motion: For the motion of the first projectile, vy = 60 sin 60 = 51.96 m>s, y0 = 0,
and ay = -g = -9.81 m>s2. Thus,
1 2
A+cB y = y0 + vyt + at
2 y
1
y = 0 + 51.96t1 + (-9.81)t1 2
2
y = 51.96t1 - 4.905t1 2 (3)
1 2
A+cB y = y0 + vyt + at
2 y
1
y = 0 + 60 sin u(t1 - 0.5) + ( -9.81)(t1 - 0.5)2
2
cos u
t1 = (5)
2 cos u - 1
30 sin u + 1.22625
t1 = (6)
60 sin u - 47.06
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1290. Continued
cos 57.57
t1 = = 7.3998 s
2 cos 57.57 - 1
73
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30 C
Position: The coordinates for points B and C are [30 sin 45, 30 - 30 cos 45] and 45
[30 sin 75, 30 - 30 cos 75]. Thus, 30 m
= {28.98i - 7.765j} m
s = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9 km Ans.
r 6.708 A 103 B
yavg = = = 4.86 m>s Ans.
t 1380
s 9 A 103 B
A ysp B avg = = = 6.52 m>s Ans.
t 1380
67
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20
v 20 t (s)
0 t 5 a = = = 4 m>s2
t 5 5 20 30
v 20 - 20
5 t 20 a = = = 0 m>s2
t 20 - 5
v 0 - 20
20 t 30 a = = = -2 m>s2
t 30 - 20
1
s1 = A1 = (5)(20) = 50 m
2
s2 = A1 + A2 = 50 + 20(20 - 5) = 350 m
1
s3 = A1 + A2 + A3 = 350 + (30 - 20)(20) = 450 m
2
46
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1294. It is observed that the time for the ball to strike the vA
ground at B is 2.5 s. Determine the speed vA and angle uA at A uA
which the ball was thrown. 1.2 m
B
50 m
Coordinate System: The xy coordinate system will be set so that its origin coincides
with point A.
+ B
A: xB = xA + (vA)xt
50 = 0 + vA cos uA(2.5)
vA cos uA = 20 (1)
x-Motion: Here, xA = 0, xB = 350 ft, and (vA)x = 110 cos 30 = 95.26 ft>s. Thus,
+ B
A: xB = xA + (vA)xt
350 = 0 + 95.26t
t = 3.674 s
1
A+cB yB = yA + (vA)yt + a t2
2 y
1
h - 30 = 0 + 55(3.674) + (-32.2) A 3.6742 B
2
h = 14.7 ft Ans.
77
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vA 80 ft/s
Horizontal Motion: The horizontal component of velocity is (y0)x = 80 cos 55
B
= 45.89 ft>s.The initial and final horizontal positions are (s0)x = 0 and sx = d cos 10,
respectively. 45
A 10
+ B
A: sx = (s0)x + (y0)x t d
d = 166 ft Ans.
t = 3.568 s
25 = 0 + 40.0t
t = 0.625 s
83
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Vertical Motion: The vertical components of initial and final velocity are
d 4m
(y0)y = (yA sin 40) m>s and yy = 0, respectively. The initial vertical position is
(s0)y = 1 m.
A+cB yy = (y0) + ac t
1
A+cB sy = (s0)y + (y0)y t + (a ) t2
2 cy
1
8 = 1 + yA sin 40t + (-9.81) t2 [2]
2
Solving Eqs. [1] and [2] yields
yA = 18.23 m>s = 18.2 m>s Ans.
t = 1.195 s
+ B
A: s = s0 + v0 t B
35 = 0 + (80) cos u
1 2
A+cB s = s0 + v0 t + at 35 ft
2 c
1
-20 = 0 - 80 sin u t + ( -32.2)t2
2
Thus,
0.4375 0.1914
20 = 80 sin u t + 16.1
cos u cos2 u
20 cos2 u = 17.5 sin 2u + 3.0816
Solving,
u1 = 25.0 (below the horizontal) Ans.
u2 = 85.2 (above the horizontal) Ans.
85
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Acceleration: Since the speed of the race car is constant, its tangential component of
acceleration is zero, i.e., at = 0. Thus,
v2
a = an =
r
v2
7.5 =
200
n = 38.7 m>s Ans.
2
2000 km 1000 m 1h
at = b a b a b = 0.1543 m>s2
h2 1 km 3600 s
60 km 1000 m 1h
y = a ba ba b = 16.67 m>s
h 1 km 3600 s
y2 16.672
an = = = 0.4630 m>s2
r 600
89
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y2 1.802
an = = = 0.0648 m>s2
r 50
Thus, the magnitude of acceleration is
v = 3 A t + t2 B
dv
at = = 3 + 6t
dt
When t = 2 s,
at = 3 + 6(2) = 15 ft>s2
v2 C 3(2 + 22) D 2
an = = = 1.296 ft>s2
r 250
ds = v dt
2
ds = 3 A t + t2 B dt
L L0
2
3 2
s = t + t3 d
2 0
s = 14 ft Ans.
91
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50 m
dy
Velocity: The speed y in terms of time t can be obtained by applying a = .
dt
dy = adt
y t
dy = 0.4tdt
L4 m>s L0
y = A 0.2t2 + 4 B m>s
y2 7.202
an = = = 1.037 m>s2
r 50
The magnitude of the acceleration is
110
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uA 40
x
A x
x = 0 + 6.128t [1]
1
A+cB sy = (s0)y + (y0)y t + (a ) t2
2 cy
1
y = 0 + 5.143t + ( -9.81) A t2 B [2]
2
Eliminate t from Eqs [1] and [2], we have
3.644
The tangent of the path makes an angle u = tan-1 = 42.33 with the x axis.
4
119
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vr = r = 0 vu = r u = 400a u b
# 2
v = 6(0)2 + a400 u b = 30
131
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yr = (y0)r + (ac)r t
12171. The small washer slides down the cord OA. When it z
is at the midpoint, its speed is 200 mm>s and its acceleration
is 10 mm>s2. Express the velocity and acceleration of the A
washer at this point in terms of its cylindrical components. v, a
132
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12173. The peg moves in the curved slot defined by the r2 (4 sin 2 u)m2
lemniscate, and through
# the slot in the arm. At u = 30, the
angular
$ velocity is u = 2 rad>s, and the angular acceleration
is u = 1.5 rad>s2. Determine the magnitudes of the velocity
and acceleration of peg P at this instant.
r P
O
Time Derivatives: u
# #
2rr = 8 cos 2uu
#
# 4 cos 2uu #
r = m>s u = 2 rad>s
r
$ # $ #
2 a rr + r2 b = 8 a -2 sin 2uu + cos 2uu2 b
$ # #
$ 4 A cos 2uu - 2 sin 2uu2 B - r2 $
r = C S m>s2 u = 1.5 rad>s2
r
At u = 30,
ru = 30 = 24 sin 60 = 1.861 m
# (4 cos 60)(2)
ru = 30 = = 2.149 m>s
1.861
Acceleration:
$ #
a r = r - r u2 = -15.76 - 1.861 A 22 B = -23.20 m>s2
$ # #
au = ru + 2r u = 1.861(1.5) + 2(2.149)(2) = 11.39 m>s2
134
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Position Coordinates: By referring to Fig. a, the length of the two ropes written in
terms of the position coordinates sA, sB, and sC are
sB + 2a + 2sC = l1
sB + 2sC = l1 - 2a (1) A
and 5 m/s
sA + (sA - sC) = l2
2sA - sC = l2 (2) B
sB + 4sA = l1 - 2a + 2l2
A+TB vB + 4vA = 0
vB + 4(5) = 0
B C
12199. Determine the speed of the elevator if each
motor draws in the cable with a constant speed of 5 m>s.
Position Coordinates: By referring to Fig. a, the length of the two cables written in
terms of the position coordinates are
sE + (sE - sA) + sC = l1
2sE - sA + sC = l1 (1)
and
(sE - sB) + 2(sE - sC) = l2
7vE - C 2 A -5 B D - A -5 B = 0
vE = -2.14 m>s = 2.14 m>s c Ans.
154
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For A:
sA + (sA - sC) = l
2vA = vC
2aA = aC = -3t2
aA = -1.5t2 = 1.5t2 :
vA = 0.5t3 :
sA = 0.125t4 :
For B:
aB = 5 m>s2 ;
vB = 5t ;
sB = 2.5t2 ;
Require sA + sB = d
0.125t4 + 2.5t2 = 3
160
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15 m/s
Velocity: The velocity of cars B and C expressed in Cartesian vector form are
vC = [-30j] m>s
vB = vC + vB>C
and the direction angle uv that vB/C makes with the x axis is
17.01
uv = tan - 1 a b = 66.2 Ans.
7.5
vB 2
Acceleration: The normal component of car Bs acceleration is (aB)n =
r
152
= = 2.25 m>s2. Thus, the tangential and normal components of car Bs
100
acceleration and the acceleration of car C expressed in Cartesian vector form are
aC = [3j] m>s2
and the direction angle ua that aB/C makes with the x axis is
0.1429
ua = tan - 1 a b = 8.57 Ans.
0.9486
165
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vB = vA + vB>A
20 30
h = 30 + (vB/A)x + (vB/A )y
; : c
+ B
A: -20 sin 30 = -30 + (vB>A)x
Solving
(vB>A)x = 20 :
(vB>A)y = 17.32 c
17.32
u = tan - 1( ) = 40.9 au Ans.
20
(20)2
(aB)n = = 1333.3
0.3
aB = aA + aB>A
1200 30
1333.3
h + au = 0 + (aB>A )x + (aB>A)y
30 : c
+ B
A: -1200 sin 30 + 1333.3 cos 30 = (aB>A)x
Solving
1705.9
u = tan - 1( ) = 72.0 au Ans.
554.7
169
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12223. Two boats leave the shore at the same time and travel vA
in the directions shown. If vA = 20 ft>s and vB = 15 ft>s,
A
determine the velocity of boat A with respect to boat B. How
long after leaving the shore will the boats be 800 ft apart?
B vB
vA = vB + vA>B
30
-20 sin 30i + 20 cos 30j = 15 cos 45i + 15 sin 45j + vA>B
45
vA>B = {-20.61i + 6.714j} ft>s O
t = 36.9 s Ans.
Also
800 800
t = = = 36.9 s Ans.
vA>B 21.68
vB = vA + vB>A B
30
50 sin 30i + 50 cos 30j = 70j + vB>A
The direction of the relative velocity is the same as the direction of that for relative
acceleration. Thus
26.70
u = tan - 1 = 46.9 c Ans.
25.0
(1100 sin 30 + 3571.43 cos 30)i + (1100 cos 30 - 3571.43 sin 30)j = 0 + aB>A
171