Science Syllabi 07-08

INDEX
List of Optional Subjects at B.Sc. level

(V and VI Semester)
Page No.
Sl. No. Subjects
From - to
1) Anthropology 01 - 04
2) Botany 05 - 12
3) Bio-Technology 12 - 23
4) Chemistry 24 - 33
5) Computer Science 34 - 42
6) Electronics 43 - 48
7) Electronic Equipment Maintenance 49 - 55
8) Forensic Science and Criminology 56 – 65
9) Fish and Industrial Fisheries 66 – 69
10) Genetics 70 – 75
11) Geology 76 – 80
12) Geography 81 – 88
13) Home Science 89 – 93
14) Industrial Chemistry 94 – 99
15) Industrial Microbiology 100 – 109
16) Library & Information Science 110 – 113
17) Mathematics 114 – 117
18) Microbiology 118 – 126
19) Physics 127 – 133
20) Statistics 134 – 141
21) Sericulture 142 – 150
22) Yoga 151 – 161
23) Zoology 162 - 176
E: Shy/Aca(S&T)/(RHH-150)/Science(UG) Syllabi/07-08
ANTHROPOLOGY
SEMESTER – V
Examination : One course containing two papers, each carrying 150 marks
(theory–120+I.A.-30) and have Five hours duration.
Teaching : Four hours of teaching per week per paper.
Paper – 9 : ANTHROPOLOGY OF INDIAN SOCIETY
Unit –1 : The basis of traditional Indian Social system – Varna, Ashrama

and Purushartha.
Unit – 2 : Marriage and Family in India – Hindu Marriage, Joint Family

System, disintegration of joint family system in modern India.
Unit –3 : Caste in India – Characteristics and Caste in Modern India.
Unit –4 : Rural Indian Society – Characteristics, problems and welfare

measures.
Unit – 5 : The population policy in India.
Readings:
1. J.H. Hutton 1969 Caste in India, London : Oxford Univ.Press.

2. M.N Srinivas 1980 Caste in Modern India, Bombay : Orient Longme
3. Ghurye G.S 1957 Caste & Class in India, Bombay : Popular
4. V.Eiwin 1944 The Aboriginals, London : Oxford Univ.Press.
5. Ghurye G.S 1969 Caste & Race in India, Bombay : popular
6. Kapadia K.M. 1958 Marriage & Family in India. London, OUP
7. Majumdar D.N 1958, Races & Cultures of India, Bombay : Asia.
8. Majumdar & Madan 1956 An Introduction to Social Anthropology. Bombay,
Asia Publishers,
9. Shankar Rao C.N Sociology
10. Prabhu Pandarinath Hindu Social Organization 1958. Bombay: Popular
Publications.
11. Misra B.D.: An Introduction to the Study of population
12. Arnold Henry: Population
1
(theory–120+I.A.-30) and have Five hours duration.
Paper – 10 : HUMAN GENETICS
Unit –1 : Nature and Scope of Human Genetics, Major branches of Human

Genetics, and Anthropological perspective on Human Genetics.
Unit –2 : Foundations of Genetics – Mendel’s Laws of Heredity, Heredity

and Mutation, Heredity and Environment.
Unit –3 : Methods of studying Heredity – Pedigree analysis and Twin

Studies, Sex linked inheritance.
Unit –4 : Chromosomes and Chromosomal aberrations.
Unit –5 : Genetic Counseling – Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy.
Readings:
1. Leviton Max & Montagu Ashley 1977Text Book of Human Genetics, New
York, OUP.
2. Stern Curt, 1960, Principles of Human Genetics, Sanfranscisco, Freeman.
3. Levine R.P. 1968, Genetics, New York, Holt.
4. Mc. Kusick Victor A. Human Genetics.
5. Thompson and Thompson, 1986, Genetics and Medicine, W.B. Saunders
Company, London.
6. Winchester A.M. 1974, Genetics, New Delhi, Oxford IBH.
7. Carter T. P.& Willey A.M. (Ed) 1985 Genetic Diseases: Screening and
Management. Liss: New York.
8. Cavalli-Sfroza L. L. and Bodmer W.F. 1971 The Genetics of Human
Populations. Freeman, Sanfrancisco.
9. Gregory Carey Human Genetics for the Social Sciences, 2002, Sage
Publications, New Delhi.
2
SEMESTER – VI
(theory–120+I.A.- 30) and have Five hours duration.
Paper – 11 : TRIBES OF INDIA
Unit - 1 : Tribes of India – Geographical distribution, Racial and Linguistic

background of Tribes in India.
Unit - 2 : Social Institutions – Clan, Totemism, Dormitories and Tribal

Council.
Unit - 3 : Major problems of the tribes in India.
Unit - 4 : Tribal Welfare – Policies, Constitutional Safeguards and

Government Measures.
Unit - 5 : Tribe caste interaction - Distinction between Tribe and Caste.
Readings:
1. J.H. Hutton 1969 Caste in India, London: Oxford Univ.Press.

2. M.N Srinivas 1980 Caste in Modern India, Bombay: Orient Longme
3. Ghurye G.S 1957 Caste & Class in India, Bombay: Popular
4. V.Elwin 1944 The Aboriginals, London: Oxford Univ.Press.
5. Ghurye G.S 1969 Caste & Race in India, Bombay: popular
6. Majumdar D.N 1958, Races & Cultures of India, Bombay: Asia.
7. Majumdar & Madan 1956 An Introduction to Social Anthropology, Bombay,
Asia Publishers,
8. Prabhu Pandarinath Hindu Social Organization 1958. Bombay: Popular
Publications.
9. Nadeem Hasnain. Tribal India Today
10. Vidyarthi, L.P. Applied Anthropology in India 1980. New Delhi. National
Publishers.
11. Vidyarthi, L-P 1985, Tribal Culture of India. New Delhi.
3
(theory–120+I.A.- 30) and have Five hours duration.
Paper 12 : PROJECT REPORT
The students have to undertake a research project for 150 marks (Project
Report - 120+I.A.-30) on any anthropological topic assigned to them by the teacher
concerned. The students will have to submit a project report based on the data
collected by the individual student during the vacation between Vth and VIth
SEMESTER. The project report can be written either in Kannada or in English.
Readings:
1. Seliitz C, Jahoda S.C. Drutsch, M, Cook, S.W. 1976. Research methods in

social relations, New York:HRW.
2. Goode, W.J. and Hatt, P.K. 1952. Methods in Social Research, Tokyo Mc
Grew, Hill.
3. Blalock and Blalock, 1958, Methodology in Social Research, New York, Mc.
Graw, Hill.
4. Young, P.V. 1956. Scientific Social surveys and Research, New York
Prentice-Hall.
5. Russel, B.H. 1940. Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology, Altamira
Press, London.
6. Pelto, P.S. and Pelto G.H. 1978 Anthropological Research, Cambridge, CUP.
7. Wellar, S.C. Systematic Data.
8. Kelkniger, F.W. Foundations of Behavioral Research.
9. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: Notes and
Queries on Anthropology, London, 1874 Reprint 1954. Rotuledge and Kegan
Paul Ltd.
10. Ellen.E.F.(Ed) Ethnographic Research
11. Kluckhohn. C, Use of Personal Documents in Anthropology
12. Bernard H Russel, Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology
13. A.Danda, Research Methodology in Anthropology
14. Madriga Lorena, Stastistics for Anthropology
15. Chamber.R, Participatory Rural Appraisal- Analysis and Experience
16. Somesh Kumar, Methods for Community Participation
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4
BOTANY
SEMESTER – V
PAPER V: DIVERSITY OF ANGIOSPERMS AND THEIR SYSTEMATICS
Unit 1: Angiosperms – origin and evolution. Morphology of root, stem and leaf.
Their modifications for various functions. Inflorescence – types. Flower a modified
shoot. Structure and variations of flower. Floral diagram and floral formula. Fruits –
types. 14 hours
Unit 2: Angiosperm taxonomy - Brief history, botanical nomenclature, principles

and rules, taxonomic ranks, type concept and principle of priority. 5 hours
Unit 3: Classification of Angiosperms – systems proposed by Bentham and Hooker

and Engler Prantl. Their salient features and merits and demerits. Major
contributions of cytology (cytotaxonomy), phytochemistry (chemotaxonomy) and
taximetrics (numerical taxonomy) to taxonomy. 5 hours
Unit 4: Diversity of flowering plants as illustrated by members of the following

families:
Annonaceae, Brassicaceae, Rutaceae, Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae, Combretaceae,
Apiceae, Rubiaceae, Asteraceae, Asclepiadaceae, Convolvulaceae, Acanthaceae,
Verbenaceae, Lamiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiceae, Orchidaceae, Liliaceae,
Arecaceae and Poaceae. 20 hours
Unit 5: Herbarium techniques, botanical gardens and Botanical Survey of India and
its functions. 2 hours
PRACTICALS
1. Study of root, stem and leaf structure and modifications.
2. Study of inflorescence types.
3. Study of flower and its parts, floral diagram and floral formula.
4. Study of fruits.
5. Study of families mentioned in theory with at least two examples for each.
5
Suggested Readings
1. Davis, P.H. and Heywood, V.H. 1963. Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy.

Oliver and Boyd, London.
2. Heywood, V.H. and Moore, D.M. (eds) 1984. Current concepts in Plant
Taxonomy Academic Press, London.
3. Jeffrey, C. 1982. An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy. Cambridge University

Press, Cambridge, London.
4. Jones, S.B. Jr. and Luchsinger , A.E. 1986. Plant Systematics (2nd edition).
McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.
5. Radford, A.E. 1986. Fundamentals of Plant Systematics. Harper and Row,

New York.
6. Singh, G. 1999. Plant Systematics: Theory and Practice. Oxford and IBH,
New Delhi.
7. Atace, C.A. 1989. Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics (2nd edition). Edward
Arnold, London.
8. Dutta, S.C. 1988. Systematic Botany. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.
9. Jaques, H.E. 1999. Plant families – How to know them. IBS, New Delhi.
10. Lawerence, G.H.M. 1951. Taxonomy of vascular plants. MacMillan, New

York.
11. Stewart, W.M. 1983. Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge.
6
PAPER VI: ECOLOGY AND UTILIZATION OF PLANTS
Unit 1: Plants and environment: Atmosphere (gaseous composition),

water (properties of water cycle), light (global radiation,
photosynthetically active radiation), temperature, soil
(development, soil profiles, physico-chemical properties), and
biota.
Morphological, anatomical and physiological responses of 10 hrs.
plants to water (hydrophytes, xerophytes and epiphytes),
temperature (thermoperiodicity and vernalization), light
(photoperiodism, heliophytes and sciophytes) and salinity.
Unit 2: Population ecology: Growth curves; ecotypes; ecads. 5 hrs.

Community ecology: Community characteristics,
frequency, density, cover, life forms, biological spectrum;
ecological succession- hydrarch and xerarch.
Unit 3: Ecosystems: Structure; abotic and biotic components; food 8 hrs.

chain, food web, ecological pyramids, energy flow;
biogeochemical cycles of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus.
Unit 4: Vegetational types of world. Biogeographical regions of India. 6 hrs.

Vegetation types of Karnataka and India and their distribution.
Unit 5: Conservation of natural resources: over exploitation, forest 8 hrs.

management, sanctuaries and national parks.
Unit 6: Origin, distribution, botanical names and uses of the following: 9 hrs.
Food plants:Rice, Wheat, Maize, Pulses, Potato and
Sugarcane.
Fibers: Cotton and Jute.
Vegetable oils: Groundnut, Sunflower and Coconut.
General account of sources of firewood, timber- Teak,Sissoo.
Paper and Pulp: Bamboo, Eucalyptus.
Spices: General account.
Medicinal plants: General account.
Beverages: Tea and Coffee.
Rubber: Heavea.
PRACTICAL:
1. Study of frequency and density of herbaceous plants by quadrat method.
2. To determine moisture content and water holding capacity of sandy and
clayey soils.
3. To estimate transparency, pH and temperature of different water bodies.
4. To estimate the salinity of water samples.
5. Ecological instruments.
6. Morphology and anatomical adaptations in three hydrophytes, one succulent
and one non-succulent xerophyte, one epiphyte and one halophyte.
7
7. Simple microchemical tests to demonstrate carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
in food plants. Test for cellulose in cotton fibres.
8. Field visits: To study the sources of firewood, timber-yielding trees and
bamboos. A list to be prepared mentioning special features.
9. Spices: Examination and brief description of black pepper, cloves, Cinnamon,
Cardamom, Cumin and Asafoetida
10. Preparation of an illustrated inventory of ten medicinal plants used in
indigenous systems of medicine or allopathy: write their botanical and
common names, parts used and diseases/ disorders for which they are
prescribed.
11. Beverages: Coffee beans and tea leaves.
12. Rubber: Collect illustrative materials of Hevea brasiliensis; morphology of the
plant and tapping practices, history of rubber. List the many uses of rubber.
Suggested readings:
1. Odum, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology, Saunders, Philadelphia.

2. Kormondy, E.J. 1996. Concepts of Ecology. Prentice-Hall of India Pvt.
Ltd. Delhi.
3. Mackenzie, A et al. 1999. Instant Notes in Ecology. Viva Books Pvt. New
Delhi.
4. Kocchar, S.L. 1998. Economic Botany in Tropics. 2nd edition, Macmillian
India Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Sambamurthy, A.V.S.S. and Subramanyam, N.S. 1989. A Text Book of
Economic Botany, Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Delhi.
6. Sharma, O.P. 1996. Hill’s Economic Botany. Tata McGraw Hill Co., Ltd.,
New Delhi.
7. Simpson, B.B. and Conner-Ogorzaly, M. 1986. Economic Botany-Plants
in our world.McGraw Hill, New York.
8. Hill, A.F. 1989. Economic Botany. Tata McGraw-Hill, New York.
9. Sharma, P.D. 1993, Ecology and Environment. Rastogi Publications,
New Delhi.
For laboratory exercises
1. Krebs, C.J. 1989. Ecological Methodology. Harper and Row, New York.
2. Ludwig, J.A. and Reynolds, J.F. 1988. Statistical Ecology. Wiley, New
York.
3. Moore, P.W. and Chapman, S.B. 1986. Methods in Plant Ecology.
Blackwell Scientific Publications.
4. Misra, R. 1968. Ecology Work Book. Oxford & IBH, New Delhi.
8
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER VII: CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS
Unit 1: Ultrastructure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. Structure and 5 hours

function of nucleus. Ultlrastructure of nuclear membrane and
nucleolus.
Unit 2: Structure and function of Plastids, Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, 6 hours

endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes and vacuoles. The cell
envelopes – plasma membrane, bilayer lipid structure and its
functions. The cell wall.
Unit 3: Chromosome organization – Morphology, centromere and 15 hours

telomere. Chromosomal alterations – deletions, duplications,
translocations, inversions. Variation in chromosome number –
aneuploidy and euploidy. Sex chromosomes. DNA – structure,
replication, DNA-protein interaction. The nucleosome model,
genetic code, satellite and repetitive DNA. Mitosis and meiosis
– their significance.
Unit 4: Genetic inheritence – Mendelism, laws of segregation 15 hours

(Momohydrid, Dihybrid Trihybrid ratios) and independent
assortment. Linkage and linkage analysis and sex-linked
inheritence. Gene interaction – allelic and non-allelic.
Problems related to the above topics.
Gene expression – structure of gene, transfer of genetic

information, transcription, translation and protein synthesis.
tRNA, ribosomes, regulation of gene expression in pro- and
eukaryote proteins.
Unit 5: Genetic variations – mutation, spontaneous and induced. 5 hours

Transposable genetic elements. DNA damage and repair.
Extra nuclear genome – presence and function of mitochondria

and plastid DNA. Plasmids.
PRACTICAL:
1. Cell structure from onion leaf peels and study of cyclosis in Tradescantia
staminal hairs and Hydrilla leaf.
2. Examination of electron micrographs of eukaryotic cells with special reference
to organelles.
3. Micrometry and measurement of length and breadth of cell.
4. Study of electron micrographs of virus, bacteria, cyanobacteria for
comparative cellular organization.
5. Examination of various stages of mitosis and meiosis from self prepared
permanent slides using onion root tips and flower buds.
9
6. Cytological examination of special type of chromosomes – bar body,
lampbrush and polytene chromosomes.
7. Study of laws of inheritence using charts.
8. Study of mode of inheritence of linked genes with help of charts.
9. Study of gene interaction with help of charts.
Suggested readings
1. Alberts, B., Bray, D., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K. and Watson, I.D.
1999. Molecular Biology of Cell. Garland Publishing Co., Inc., New York.
2. Atherly, A.G., Girton, J.R. and McDonald, J.F. 1999. The Science of
Genetics. Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, USA.
3. Gupta, P.K. 1999. A Text-Book of Cell and Molecular Biology. Rastogi
Publications Meerut.
4. Kleinsmith, L.J. and Kish, V.M. 1995. Principles of Cell and Molecular
Biology (2nd Edition). Harper Collins College Publishers, New York.
5. Lodish, H., Berk,A., Zipursky, S.L.,Matsudaira, P.,Baltimoe, D. and
Darne;;. J. 2000. Molecular Cell Biology. W.H. Freeman & Co., New
York.
6. Russel, P.J. 1998. Genetics. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co.
Inc. USA.
7. Snustad, D.P. and Simmons, M.J. 2000. Principles of Genetics. John
Wiley & Sons, Inc. USA.
8. Stent, G.S. 1986. Molecular Genetics. CBS Publications.
9. Wolfe, S.L. 1993. Molecular and Cell Biology. Wadsworth Publishing Co.,
California, USA.
10. Stickburger, M. 1990. Genetics. (3rd edition). MacMillan Publishing Co.
For laboratory exercises
1. Fukui, K and Nakayama, S. 1996. Plant Chromosomes: Laboratory

Methods. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
2. Gunning, B.E.S. and Steer, M.B. 1996. Plant Cell Biology: Structure and
Function. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts.
3. Harris, N. and Oparka, K.J. 1994. Plant Cell Biology: A Practical
Approach. IRL Press, at Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
4. Sharma, A.K. and Sharma, A. 1999. Plant Chromosomes: Analysis,
Manipulation and Engineering. Harwood Academic Publishers, Australia.
10
PAPER VIII: EVOLUTION, PLANT BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Unit 1: Origin of life. Lamarkism, Darwinism, Mutational and Modern 5 hours

concepts of evolution.
Unit 2: Plant breeding- History and objectives. Plant propagation- 8 hours

cutting, grafting, layering, gooting and clones. Pollination and its
types. Hybridization- Interspecific and Intergeneric. Germplasm
and its maintenance. Pollen banks. Quarantine methods.
Unit 3: Male sterility- Types, production and significance in plant 2 hours

breeding.
Unit 4: Genetic engineering- Tools and techniques of recombinant DNA 15 hours

technology. Cloning vectors. Genomic and cDNA library.
D.N.A.finger printing. Gene thearaphy & . Stem cell culture.
Techniques of gene mapping and chromosome walking.
Unit 5: Plant tissue culture- Scope and significance. Basic aspects. 10 hours
Cellular totipotency, differentiation and morphogenesis. Biology
of agrobacterium. Marker genes and transgenic plants.
Unit 6: Immunoliogy- immuno-systems. Immunotechniques in 6 hours

agriculture, medicine and industries. ELISA method to detect
plant diseases. Monoclonal antibodies.
PRACTICAL:
1. Charts showing evidences of organic evolution

2. Study of propagation by cutting, layering, grafting and budding.
3. Methods of emasculation and bagging for cross-pollination.
4. In-Vitro pollen germination and estimation of percentage of pollen viability
in different plants (hanging drop method).
5. Morphology and anatomy of dry and wet stigma.
6. Morphology and anatomy of solid and hallow styles.
7. Study of pollination types.
8. Demonstration of tissue culture techniques.
Suggested readings
1. Chahal. Principles and procedures of Plant Breeding. L.B. Publications.

2. Gopalakrishnan, T.S., Itta Sambasivaiah and Kamalakar Rao. Principles of
organic evolution
3. Gupta, P.K. Cytology, Genetics and Evolution. Rastogi publications, Meerut .
4. Khanna, S.S. Genetics, Heridity and Evolution.
5. Sinha and Sinha. Cytogenetics, Plant Breeding and Evolution. Vikas
Publications.
11
6. Joshi, P. Genetic engineering and its applications. Panima Book Distribution,
Bangalore.
7. Menetre, S.S. Molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility in crop plants.
International Book Distribution.
8. Purohit, S.S. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Daya Publishing House,
New Delhi.
9. Ratledge. Basic Biotechnology. L.B. Publications.
10. Sawahel and Wagley, 1997. Plant Genetic Engineering. Daya Publishing
House, New Delhi.
11. Vyas, S.P. and Kohi, D.V. Methods in Biotechnology and Bioengineering.
Daya Publishing House, New Delhi.
12. Yadav. Biotechnology. L.B. Publications.
13. Vasil, I.K. and Thorpe, T.A. 1994. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. Kluwer
Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
14. Bhojwani, S.S. 1990. Plant Tissue Culture: Applications and Limitations.
Elsevier
15. Collins, H.A. And Edwards, S. 1998. Plant Cell Culture. Bios Scientific
Publishers, Oxford, UK.
16. Old, R.W. and Primrose, S.B. 1989. Principles of Gene manipulation.
Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
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12
BIOTECHNOLOGY
SEMESTER –V
PAPER 5.1: PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL CULTURE

Total hours allotted: 50
PART A: PLANT CELL CULTURE Total hours allotted: 25
1. Introduction to in vitro culture methods and laboratory facilities. (2 hrs)
2. History and development of plant tissue culture. (2 hrs)
3. Growth medium composition.

Use of growth regulators and their effect on cell growth, differentiations
and organogenesis. study of M.S., B5 and Nitsch media. (3 hrs)
4. Callus, Cell suspension and embryo culture.

Regeneration of shoots and roots, ovary and endosperm culture. (3 hrs)
5. Micro propagation, clonal propagation of elite species, axillary bud, shoot

tip and meristem culture. Applications of micro propagation. (3 hrs)
6. In vitro haploids and their applications. (3 hrs)
7. Single cell suspension cultures and their applications

Agronomic importance and secondary metabolites. (4 hrs)
8. Protoplast culture and fusion: Principles, isolation, culture protocol,

action of enzymes, protoplast fusion, somatic cell hybridization and its
applications. regeneration of plants. (3 hrs)
9. Introduction and scope of plant biotechnology. (2 hrs)
13
PART B: ANIMAL CELL CULTURE Total hours allotted: 25
1. Historical perspectives, development and scope. (2 hrs)

2. Basic techniques of animal cell culture: Preparation and sterilization of
glasswares and apparatus, preparation and sterilization of reagents and
media, preparation of animal material and applications. (4 hrs)
3. Animal tissue culture media: Culture media containing naturally occurring

ingredients blood plasma, blood serum, serum free media, tissue extracts,
complex natural media, chemically defined media. (4 hrs)
4. Primary Culture, cell lines and cloning: Primary and established cell lines,
somatic cell fusion, tissue cultures, whole embryo culture example chick
embryo. (5 hrs)
5. Applications of animal cell culture in regenerative medicine and vaccine
preparation. (3hrs)
6. In vitro fertilization, embryo transfer techniques and their applications,
nuclear transfer techniques. (5 hrs)
7. Introduction and scope of animal biotechnology. (2 hrs)
PRACTICAL – 5.2 PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL CULTURE
1. Preparation of plant tissue culture media.

a. MS.
b. Bs
c. LS
2. Callus induction using plant explants (Carrot, Nicotiana, Sugarcane).
3. Seed Culture.
4. Demonstration of organ cultures, micropropagation, organogenesis and
anther culture and meristem culture.
5. Protoplast isolation from mesophyll cells.
6. Suspension cultures: Initiation of suspension culture from callus.
7. Preparation of synthetic seeds.
8. Cell viability test using Tryphan blue exclusion method.
9. Preparation of balanced salt solutions: (Hank and Earl).
10. Extraction of serum (Chicken / mammalian).
14
11. Chick embryo extract (10-11 days embryos).
12. Culture of animal cells (Chick embryo cells) by following techniques.
a) Plasma clot.
b) Single slide method / hanging drop technique.
c) Range method
d) Grid method.
Reference:
Plant cell culture:
1) Bhan 1998. 'Tissue culture", Mittal publication. New Delhi.

2) Chatwal. G.R. 1995: Text Book of Biotechnology, Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd.
3) Crueger. W. and Crueger. A.: Biotechnology - A textbook of Industrial
Microbiology. 2nd Ed.
4) Gamborg and Phillips .1996 Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture:
Fundamental methods.Narosa Publ,
5) Gupta P.K.1996: Elements of biotechnology; Rastogi and Company.
6) Harrison, Maureen, A., Rac. Ian. F. 1997: General Technique of cell culture.
Cambridge University Press.
7) Ignacimuthu, S. 1996: Applied Plant Biotechnology.
8) Lyeliane Kyte and Jhon Kleyn, 1996. Plants from test tubes - An Introduction
to Micro propagation III edition, Timber press Portland.
9) Narayanaswamy, S. 1994: Plant Cell and tissue Culture. New Delhi. Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Company.
10) Prakash. M. and Arora, .G.K. 1998: Cell and Tissue Culture, New Delhi,
Anmol Publication.
11) Razdan. M.K. 1993: An introduction to Plant Biotechnology.
12) Shrivastava P.S. "Plant Tissue culture and molecular Biology; Applications
and prospects, Narosa publishing house, New Delhi.
Animal cell culture:
1. Cartwnzht, T. 1994: Animal Cells as Bioreactors, Cambridge University

Press, New York.
2. Freshney; R.L. 1987: Culture of animal cells: A manual of basic techniques.
3. Ian, R.. Fresheney: Wiley-Liss (3rd ed.) Culture of Animal Cells.
4. John. R. W.: Animal Cell culture - Practical approach Marters, Oxford.
5. Puhler. A. 1993: Genetic Engineering of Animals. VCH Publishers, Weinheim
FRG.
6. Ravi Shankar, G.A. and Venkataram, L.V. 1997: Recent Advances in
Biotechnology. Application of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. New Delhi, Oxford
and IBH Publishing Company.
7. Sateesh M.K. 2003. Biotechnology-5. New age international publishers.
8. Spier, R.E. and Griffith, T.B. 1987: Modern approaches to Animal Cell
Technology, Somerset, Butterworth and Company Ltd.
15
PAPER 5.3: GENETIC ENGINEERING
1. Introduction to genetic engineering. (2 hrs)
2. Tools of genetic engineering.

Enzymes- Restriction endonucleases: Classification, nomenclature, types and
their application in recombinant DNA technology.
Ligages: DNA ligases and their application, enzymes to modify ends of
DNA molecules.
Vectors/Vehicle DNA: Plasmid and their features, some common plasmid
vectors-PBR 332, PUC13, vector from bacteriophage λ (lamda)-phage and
phage M- 13.cosmids. (12 hrs)
3. Gene cloning: Methods of introducing gene in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

(E.coli and yeast cells as cloning host). (5 hrs)
4. Detection of the right clone:

Direct screening, direct selection, indirect screening technique, nucleic acid
probes, hybridization technique. immunodiagnostic probe. (4 hrs)
5. Cells for cloning: E.coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in

mammalian fertilized egg cells (3 hrs)
6. Gene libraries : Genomic library, cDNA library and phase lamda Vs cosmid for
gene libraries (3 hrs)
7. Mapping the DNA: Restriction mapping. DNA finger printing, chromosome walking
and mapping by somatic cell hybridization. (4 hrs)
8. DNA sequencing: Maxam-Gillbert's method. Sanger and Coulson's method-The

primer, template, the dideoxy nucleotide terminators and deoxynucleotides and the
polymerase. using computers for sequencing and analyzing DNA sequences.
(4 hrs)
9. Molecular biology techniques:
Electrophoretic techniques - Protiens and nucleic acids.
Polymcrase chain reaction (PCR).
Site directed mutagenesis (SDM).
Nucleic acid sequencing - Sanger's method
Blotting techniques – Southern, Western and Northern blot. (6 hrs)
10. Applications of r»DNA technology in human health -

Production of recombinant vaccines - Hepatitis B.
Production of human growth hormone. (3 hrs)
11. Human genome project and its implication. (2 hrs)
12. Bio-safety:
Rules and regulations of handling genetically modified organisms.
(2 hrs)
16
PRACTICAL - 5.4
GENETIC ENGINEERING
1. Isolation/Extraction of genomic DNA from bacteria, yeast, plant and animal
tissues.
2. Study of denaturation and renaturation of DNA
3. Quantification of extracted DNA by spectrophotometer.
4. Isolation of plasmid DNA (E.coli).
5. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA.
6. Isolation of RNA from plant and animal tissues.
7. Study of transformation by kits
8. Study of conjugation by kits
9. Isolation of phages by sewage sample
10. Restriction digestion
11. Production of protoplast from bacteria and plants
12. DNA finger printing: Comparison of two plates of monomorphic and
dimorphic bands (Photographs).
13. Studs of gene cloning through charts.
14. Study of principles of genetic engineering equipments.
a) PCR machine.
b) Laminar air flow cabinet.
c) Refrigerated centrifuge.
d) CO2 incubator.
e) ELISA reader.
f) Incubator shaker.
References:
GENETIC ENGINEERING:
1) Benjamin Lewin, "Genes I, Wiley Eastern Ltd., Delhi.

2) Benjamin Lewin, "Genes-II, Genes III, Wiley and sons publications.
3) Benjamin Lewin, Genes-V & VI Oxford University press.
4) Brown, T.A. 1998: Genetics: A molecular approach 3rd Ed. Stanley Thornes
(Publishers) Ltd. United Kingdom.
5) Chiristopher H. 1995 "Gene cloning and Manipulation",Cambridge University
Press.
6) Davis, R.W. Boterin, D. and Roth, J.R. 1980: A manual for genetic
engineering, cold spring harbour laboratory. Cold Spring Harbor. New York.
7) Gardner. Simmons. Snustad 1991: Principles of genetics. 8" Ed. John Wiley
and Sons. Inc.
8) Mitchell, D.S.T. 1994: An introduction to genetic Engineering. Cambridge
University Press.
9) Old and Primrose, "Principles of gene Manipulation", Black well Scientific
publications.
10) Peters. P. 1993: A guide to genetic engineering. Dubuque, Lowa. WMC
Brown.
11) Rigbu, P.W.J. 1987: Genetic Engineering 6, Academic Press Inc. Florida,
USA.
17
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER 6.1: INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
PART A: INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. Introduction to Industrial biotechnology, Basic principles of fermentation

technology.
(2 hrs)
2. Screening and isolation of industrially important microorganisms.
(2 hrs)
3. Fermentation media -
Natural and synthetic media.
sterilization techniques - Heat, Radiation, Filtration methods. (2 hrs)
4. Fermentors.
Process of Aeration, Agitation, Temperature regulation and foam control. Types
of Fermentors - Typical, Airlift. Bubble-up fermentor. (4 hrs)
5. Process Development
Shake flask fermentation, Down stream processing (DSP), Disintegration of
cells, Separation, Extraction, Concentration and purification of products.
(4 hrs)
6. Production of microbial products
Lactic acid, Alcohol, Penicillin and amylase. (2 hrs)
7. Fermented Foods
Fermented Foods - Yoghurt, Buttermilk. Dosa. Cheese. Tempeh
Microbial Foods - Single cell protein (SCP), Single cell oils (SCO). (3 hrs)
8. Plant cell suspension culture for the production of food additives:

Saffron and Capsaicin and shikonin. (2hrs)
9. Technique of mass culture of algae - Spirulina. (2 hrs)
10. Microbial polysaccharides and polyesters; production of xanthan gum and

ployhydroxy alkanoids (PHA). (2 hrs)
18
PART B: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
1) Renewable and non-renewable resources of energy. (2 hrs)

2) Impact of conventional and non-conventional fuels on environment. (3 hrs)
3) Biodegradation (xenobiotic compounds - simple, aromatic and
petroleum products) and Bioremediation. (4 hrs)
4) Solid waste management - Biogas production and its advantage. (3 hrs)
5) Microbial ore leaching and recovery - Biomining. (3 hrs)
6) Treatment of municipal waste and industrial effluents. (3 hrs)
7) Study of Vermi composting. (2 hrs)
8) Study of Air, water and Soil pollution. (3 hrs)
9) Environmental protection Act and related issues (2 hrs)
PRACTICAL 6.2
INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
1) Identification of industrially important microorganisms; E.coli, Saccharomyces

cereviceae, Spirulina.
2) Algal and Fungal culture - Spirulina, Agaricus Yeast and Aspergillus.
3) Study of sugar fermentation by microorganisms by acid and gas production.
4) Preparation of wine from; Grape. Banana / sweet potato.
5) Study of Bio gas plant.
6) Production of Biofertilizers. Vermi composting
7) Estimation of lactic acid.
8) Estimation of Lactose.
9) Bacteriological examination of water by MPN method.
10) Analysis of water samples for BOD. O2, toxic chemicals and microbial flora.
11) Standard analysis of water samples.
12) Determination of quality of water by MPN test.
13) Estimation of solids in sewage.
14) Demonstration of sewage treatment plants.
15) Visit to research centers / institutions / Industries.
Note: A report on the visit should be written and submitted along with Practical
record.
19
References:
Industrial microbiology:
1) Casida, LE. 1968: Industrial Microbiology, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2) Dubey, A.R.C. 1995: A Text book of Biotechnology.
3) Glazer A.N and Nikaido, H- 1995: "Microbial Biotechnology W.H. Freeman
and Co.
4) Harrison, Maureen, A., Ral, Ian, F. 1997: General Techniques of cell culture,
Cambridge University Press.
5) Jay James, M- 1996: Modern food Microbiology CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
6) Mallik, V.S. and Sridhar, P. 1992: Industrial Biotechnology.
7) Patel, A.H. 1984: Industrial Microbiology.

8) Prakash. M. and Arora, C.K. 1998: Cell and Tissue Culture, New Delhi. Anmol
Publications.
9) Prescott, S.C. and Dunn, C. 1984; Industrial Microbiology, McGraw Hill. New
York.
10) Purohit. S.S. and Mathur, S.K. 1996 : Biotechnology - Fundamentals and
applications Agrobotanical Publishers, New Delhi.
11) Purohit. S.S., Mathur. S.K. 1996: Biotechnology - fundamentals
and application. Agrobotanical Publishers. New Delhi.
12) Singh. B.D. 2000: Biotechnology. Kalyani publishers. Ludhiana
13) Spier, R.E. and Griffith J.B. 1987: Modem approaches to animal cell
technology. Somerset, Butterworth and Company Ltd.
14) Stanbury P.F., Whitaker H. T. Hall S.J. 1997: "Principle of Fermentation
Technology" Aditya book limited.
15) Sullia S.B. and Shantharam S. 1998: "General microbiology" Oxford and IBM
publishing Co. Pvt.
16) Wulf Crueger and Annelier: Biotechnology. A text book of Industrial
Microbiology. Crueger-Panima Publishing Corporation. New Delhi.
Environmental biotechnology:
1) A.K.D.E.: Environmental Chemistry. Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

2) Agrawal, K.C. 1996: Biodiversity, Agro-botanical publishers. New Delhi.
3) Alexander N.Glazer Hiroshi Nikaido, 1995 "Microbial biotechnology, Free man
and company.
4) Allsopp D. and Seal. K.J.: Introduction to Biodeterioration, EL 85/Edward
Arnold.
5) Baker, K.H. and Herson, D.S. 1994: Bioremediation McGraw Hill Inc., New
York.
6) Chatterji A.K. 2002, "Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology", Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi.
7) Christon, J., Harst 1997: Manual of Environmental Microbiology, ASM Press,
Washington, DC.
8) D.P.Singh, and S.K. Dwivedi, "Environmental Microbiology and
Biotechnology, New age International publishers.
9) Dicastri. F. and Younes, T. 1996: Biodiversity Science and development CAB
international, Walfingfords U.K.
20
10) Foster C.F.John wae D.A. "Environmental Biotechnology" Ellis Horwood
limited.
11) Grabiel Baston 1994: Waste Water Microbiology. Willey-Liss Inc., New York.
12) Lehniger, T. et. al..: Microbiology Degradation of Xenobiotics and Recalcitrant
Compounds, Academic Press. New York.
13) Metcalt and Eaddy Inc.. Waste Water Engineering - Treatment Disposal and
Reuse. Tata McGraw Hill. Delhi.
14) Mitchell. R.: Water Pollution Microbiology Vol. I and II Wiley inter science.
New York.
15) Sinha. R.K. 1997: Global biodiversity. INA. Shree Publishers. Jaipur.
PAPER 6.3: AGRICULTURAL AND MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

PART A: AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. Introduction to agricultural biotechnology.

(2 hrs)
2. Crop improvement, hybridization and plant breeding techniques.(3
hrs)
3. Plant tissue culture applications in agriculture, horticulture and
cryopreservation.
(3 hrs)
4. Study of biopesticides used in agriculture (Neem as example). Integrated
pest
management. (2 hrs)
5. Mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation process, study of nif. nod and Hup
genes in nitrogen fixation process. (3hrs)
6. Biofertilizers
Mechanism of growth promotion by microbial inoculants - Rhizobium.
Brady rhizobium, Azospirullum, Azatobactor and Mycorrhizae. (2hrs)
7. Use of plant growth regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture.(2 hrs)
8. Transgenic plants: Techniques and application (BT cotton) (2hrs)
9. Application of genetics in animal breeding
Breeding selected traits into livestock- Breeding with markers of genetic
diseases. Inbreeding and Introgression. Parentage determination,
Velogenesis. (4 hrs)
10. Application of biotechnology in Apiculture and Sericulture. (2 hrs)
21
PART B: MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. Introduction and scope of medical biotechnology. (2 hrs)

2. Vaccines
Production of Bacterial and viral vaccines, recombinant vaccines and its
production (FMDV) gene vaccines. (3 hrs)
3. Enzymes used in diagnosis: Immobilized enzymes. (2 hrs)
4. Enzymes in Therapy
Important enzymes and their therapeutic applications. (2 hrs)
5. Insulin production by recombinant DNA technology. (2 hrs)
6. Therapeutic proteins
Important proteins and their applications in therapy - Somatostatin. Cytokines.
Interleukin, Interferon, Human factor-VIII and IX. (4 hrs)
7. Hybridoma Technology
Production of monoclonal antibodies and their applications. (3 hrs)
8. Human gene therapy (2 hrs)
Somatic and germline therapy, in vivo and in vitro gene therapy with an
example each, scope of human "gene therapy.
9. Antisense Technology: Principles and applications. (2 hrs)
10. Bioforming: Production of biopharmaceuticals implants and animal tissues.
(3 hrs)
PRACTICAL-6.4: AGRICULTURAL AND MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
1. Isolation of soil microorganisms - rhizobium, azotobacter and Mycorrhiza.

2. Estimation of soil alkalinity.
3. Estimation of soil organic matter.
4. Effect of bio-pesticides on the growth of microorganisms.
5. Isolation of rhizobium from root nodules.
6. Study of R: S ratio (Rhizosphere: Non rhizosphere samples).
7. Culturing microorganisms from vermi compost
8. Seed inoculation with rhizobium culture and observation for root nodulation
9. Photographic demonstration of transgenic crop plants / animals and
agricultural biotechnology innovations.
10. Preparation of biocontrol formulations.
22
11. Biofertlilizers formulations.
12. Culturing of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria and verification for
resistance.
13. Demonstration of PCR for diagnosis of a disease.
14. Study of life cycle of Honeybee and Silkworm
References:
Agriculture biotechnology:
1. Chatwal. G.R. 1995: Text Book of Biotechnology. Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd.
2. Chrispeel M.J. and Sdava D.E. 1994. Plants, Genes and Agriculture.
Jones and Barlett Publishers Boston.
3. Crueger. W. and Crueger. A.: Biotechnology - A text book ol~ Industrial
Mcirobiology, 2nd Ed.
4. Gamborg and Phillips 1996: Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture:
Fundamental methods. Narosa Publ.
5. Gupta. P.K. 1996: Elements of Biotechnology, Rastogi and Company.
6. Ignacimuthu, S. 1996: Applied Plant Biotechnology.
7. Natesh, S. Chopra, V.L. and Ramachandran. S. 1994 "Biotechnology in
Agriculture" Oxford and IBM Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
8. Prakash. M. and Arora. C.K. 1998: Cell and Tissue Culture. New Delhi. Anmol
Publication.
9. Razdan. M.K. 1993: An introduction to Plant Biotechnology.
10. Singh, B.D. 2000: Biotechnology, Kalyani Publishers. Ludhiana.
11. Note: Additional reference material can be down loaded from Internet
(www.google.co.in)
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23
CHEMISTRY
Semester-V (Paper-I)
No. of hours per week : 3 Theory : 80 Marks

Total No. of Hours: 40 IA : 20 Marks
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Coordination Chemistry-I : Explanation of terms-Double salts, complex salts,

central metal ion, ligand, types of ligands, complex ion and coordination number.
IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds.
Isomerism-Ionisation, hydrate, linkage, geometrical and optical isomerism in
coordination compounds (with respect to C.N. 4 & 6).
Werners theory of coordination compounds, EAN rule and calculation of EAN
(6 hrs)
2. Inorganic Polymers: Types of inorganic polymers, comparison with organic
polymers. Silicones-preparation, classification, properties and uses.
Phosphonitrilic chlorides-preparation, properties and structure. Application of
phosphogenes. (4 hrs)
3. Bio-Inorganic Chemistry: Essential and trace elements in biological process.

Metalloporphorins with reference to haemoglobin and Chlorophyll (Structure and
function). Biological role of Na, K Cl, Fe and Zn. Toxic Effects of As, Pb and Hg.
(3 hrs)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1) Heterocyclic Compounds : Classification, molecular orbital picture and Aromatic

characteristics of Furan, Thiophene, Pyrrole and Pyridine. Synthesis of the following
compounds;
i) Furan, Thiophene and Pyrrole from 1,4- diketones .
ii) Pyridine by Hantzch synthesis.
iii) Indole by Fischer’s synthesis .
iv) Quinoline by Skraup synthesis.
Electrophilic substitution reactions of Pyrrole, Furan and Pyridine (chlorination and
nitration). Comparison of basicities of Pyridine, Piperidine and Pyrrole. (6 hrs)
2) Synthesis and Reactions of β- dicarbonyl compounds : Introduction , names

& structures of compounds containing active methylene group. Synthesis of ethyl
aceto acetate (EAA) by Claisen condensation and its mechanism. Knoevenagel
reaction, Michael addition reactions, Mannich reaction and Stork - Enamine reaction
(mechanism not expected) (5 hrs)
3) Alkaloids : Definition , Source, classification and general characteristics. Coniine

and Nicotine – Isolation, constitution and confirmation by synthesis. (3 hrs)
24
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
1. Electrochemistry: Conductivity cell, cell constant. Measurement of specific,

equivalent and molar conductances. Variation of equivalent and specific
conductances with dilution, ionic conductance, Kohlrausch’s law and its applications.
Debye – Huckel - Onsagar’s equation for strong electrolytes (no derivation).
Qualitative explanation; asymmetric effect and relaxation time. Transport number
and its determination by Hittorff’s method. Applications of conductivity
measurements: determination of i) Ka ii) solubility products of sparingly soluble salts
and iii) conductometric titrations. Problems. (8 hrs)
2. Chemical kinetics of complex reactions: first order opposing, consecutive

and parallel reactions. Collision theory of reaction rates and its limitations. Transition
state theory –derivation. (5 hrs)
CH: 5.2-CHEMISTRY-VI (Paper–II)

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Industrial Chemistry:
a) Alloys: Significance, Types of alloys (ferrous and non-ferrous alloys), preparation
(fusion and electro-deposition) and their applications. (3 hrs)
b) Abrasives – Classification, applications, hardness, manufacture and importance of
carborundum, alundum, tungsten carbide. (2 hrs)
c) Glass: Raw materials, manufacture, types, composition and uses. (2 hrs)
d) Cement: Raw materials, manufacture and mechanism of setting. (2 hrs)
e) Explosives: Preparation and application of lead azide, mercury fulminate,
gunpowder and RDX. (2 hrs)
f) Fuels : Production composition and applications of water gas, producer gas and
bio gas. Propellants. (3 hrs)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1) Spectroscopy: -
a) Ultra Violet Spectroscopy:
Types of electronic transitions, effect of conjugation, concept of Chromophore and
Auxochrome. Bathochromic, Hypsochromic, Hypochromic and Hyperchromic shifts.
U.V. spectra of conjugated Enes and Enones.
(3 hrs)
b) Infra-red Spectroscopy :
Introduction, Intensity and positions of IR bands, Characteristic absorptions of
Various functional groups and interpretation of IR spectra of simple organic
compounds. (3 hrs)
25
2) Polymers- Definition, types, thermoplastic & thermosetting polymers, methods of
polymerization. Preparation and uses of nylon-6, nylon 6,6; Orlon, Terylene, Teflon,
Neoprene, Bakelite& polyurethanes. Bio-degradable plastics & plasticizers. (3 hrs)
3) Dyes :
Classification, requirement of a Dye. Azo dyes – Congo Red.Vat dyes –Indigo.
Anthraquinone dyes –Alizarin. Triphenylmethane dyes – Malachite green, crystal
violet.Phthalein dyes – Fluoroscein – Eosin. Synthesis of each of the dyes. Colour
and constitution. (4 hrs)
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
1. EMF: Reversible and irreversible cells. EMF of a chemical cell and its
measurement by potentiometer. Standard cell (Western standard cell), types of
electrodes, reference electrode; calomel electrode. Sign conventions, Nernst
equation, electrochemical series and its applications. Determination of pH of solution
by hydrogen electrode, quinhydrone and glass electrode methods. Concentration cell
with and without transference, liquid junction potential, salt bridge and its
applications. Application of concentration cells- determination of solubility, and
potentiometric titrations (acid – base; calculation of Ka and redox titration;
determination of redox potential). Numerical problems. (9 hrs)
2. Battery technology: Primary and secondary cell, Lead storage battery and its
applications. Ni-Cd cells, Lithium battery, fuel cells and their applications. Corrosion:
types and factors influencing corrosion, theory of corrosion and methods of
prevention. (5 hrs)
CH (Pr): 5.3-Lab Course in Chemistry-V (ORGANIC)
Total No of hours /week : 4Hrs. Pract. : 40 Marks

Total No. of Hours : 52Hrs. I. A. : 10 Marks
One Stage Preparations:

1. Preparation of Benzidine from aniline, NaNO2 & HCl.
2. Preparation of 1,1-bis-2-Naphthol from 2-Napthol.
3. Preparation of picric acid from phenol.
4. Preparation of m-dinitrobenzene from nitrobenzene
5. Preparation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol.
6. Preparation of acetanilide from aniline.
Two Stage Preparations:

7. Preparation of Phthalimide from Phthalic anhydride & Urea
8. Preparation of p-bromoaniline from Acetanilide
9. Preparation of p-nitroaniline from Acetanilide
10. Thin layer chromatography–separation of green leaf pigments/separation
of a mixture of two organic compounds.
11. Column Chromatography–Separation of two organic compounds.
12. Extraction of Nicotine from tobacco leaves.
26
CH (Pr): 5.4-Lab Course in Chemistry-VI (Physical)

1&2 Determination of the concentration of (i) HCl (ii) CH3COOH by

conductometric titrations using the standard NaOH.
3 Conductometric precipitation titration of NaCl vs AgNO3
4 Determination of equivalent conductance of strong electrolyte (NaCl) and
λ∞.
5 Determination of dissociation constant of acetic acid conductometrically.
6 Determination of concentration of strong acid by potentiometric titration
against standard solution of 0.1 N NaOH.
7 Determination of Ka of a weak acid potentiometrically.
8 Determination of water equivalent of calorimeter and enthalpy of
neutralization of strong acid by strong base.
9 Preparation of buffer solutions and determination of their pH using pH-
meter.
10 Determination of pH of the following biological juices i) milk ii) orange
juice iii) Lime water iv) citrus acid solution and v) NaHCO3
11 Verification of Beer- Lambert’s law by colorimetric method and calculation
of molar extinction coefficient i)CuSO4
CH: 6.1-CHEMISTRY-VII (Paper–I)

Total No. of Hours: 40 I A : 20 Marks
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Coordination Chemistry-II: Valence bond Theory of coordination compounds

with reference to [Fe(CN)6]4–, [Fe(CN)6]3–, [FeF6]3–, [Zn(NH3)4]2+, and [Ni(CN)4]2– and
its limitations. Crystal field theory with reference to octahedral, tetrahedral and
square planar complexes. Calculation of crystal field stabilisation energy.
Explanation of colour and magnetic properties of metal complexes. Calculation of
magnetic moments using Guoy method.
Chelates-definition, characteristics, factors influencing the stability of metal chelates
and importance of chelates. (6 hrs)
2. Solids: Definition of space lattice, unit cell, Calculation particles per unit cell.
Laws of crystallography, Symmetry elements in crystals. X ray diffraction of crystals,
derivation of Bragg’s equation. Determination of the structure of NaCl by rotating
crystal method. (4 hrs)
3. Acids & Bases: Lux-Flood and Lewis concepts of acids and bases, Pearson’s
concept. Theories of hardness and softness based on (i) electro negativity and (ii)
ionic and covalent bonding. (3 hrs)
27
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1. Carbohydrates :- Classification of Carbohydrates. Monosaccharides –

Mutarotation, Osazone formation, Killiani’s Synthesis, Ruff’s Degradation,
Epimers and Epimerisation, Interconversions of Glucose and Fructose. (4hrs)
2. Aminoacids, Peptides & Proteins :- Classification, Preparation of α-amino

acids by Struker and Phthalimide synthesis. Reactions of α - Amino acids.
Peptides – Synthesis of a Dipeptide (Bergmann synthesis).
Proteins – Classification, Properties, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Structures of
Proteins (4hrs)
3. Vitamins and Hormones :-

Vitamins – Classification and importance of Vitamin A, B6, B12, C, D and E.
Synthesis of Vitamin C from D(+) glucose. Synthesis of Vitamin A by Vandorp et.al.
Hormones – Definition, Classification as Steroidal and Non steroidal with examples.
Functions of Hormones. Deficiency diseases. Synthesis of Adrenaline & Thyroxine.
(5 hrs)
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
1. Electronic spectrum: Concept of potential energy curves for bonding and

antibonding M.O. Qualitative description of selection rules, σ, π and non-bonding
M.O., their energy levels and respective transitions. Franck-Condon principle.(4 hrs)
2. Electromagnetic Spectrum: Different regions and mechanism of interaction of

radiation with matter. Rotational spectrum: Diatomic molecules, Criteria for
showing the spectra, energy levels of rigid rotator, selection rules (final equations
only), Determination of bond length and moment of inertia of HCl molecule.
(4hrs)
3. Vibrational spectrum: Simple Harmonic Oscillator–Hooke’s law, energy

levels of simple harmonic oscillator model of diatomic molecule (final equations
only), selection rules, determination of force constant and qualitative relation
between force constant and bond dissociation energies. Vibrational degrees of
freedom of molecules(Linear and non linear). (5 Hrs)
28
CH: 6.2-CHEMISTRY-VIII (Paper–II)

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Analytical Chemistry:
a) Chromatography: Principle and applications of paper chromatography &
Column chromatography. Calculation of Rf value. (2 hrs)
b) Ion Exchange Process: Principle, Types of Ion exchange resins and
determination of Chlorides by ion exchange method. (2 hrs)
c) Flame Photometry: Principle, instrumentation and application. Flame
Photometric determination of Na & K (2 hrs)
d) Thermogravimetry: Principle and application of Thermo-analytical methods
(TG & DTA) (2 hrs)
e) Electrogravimetry: Principle, instrumentation and application.
Electrogravimetric estimation of Cu. (2 hrs)
Soil Chemistry:
Macro nutrients in soil, trace metals and organic matter in soil,
Determination of pH, nitrogen (by alkaline permanganate method) & phosphorus
(by Bray’s & Olsen’s method) present in the soil. (3 hrs)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1) NMR Spectroscopy – Proton Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR ) spectroscopy,

Nuclear shielding and deshielding, Chemical shift and molecular structure. Spin –
spin couplings. Interpretation of PMR spectra of simple organic molecules such as
Ethyl bromide, Ethanol, Acetaldehyde and Toluene (4 hrs)
2) Chemotherapy :- Introduction, requirement of an ideal synthetic drug,

Classification, Synthesis and uses of the following :
Analgesics – Aspirin, Analgin.
Antipyretics – Antipyrene, Paracetamol.
Anaesthemics – Novocaine (local) and Pentothal sodium (general).
Antihistamines – Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM).
Antimalarials – Paludrine, Chloroquine.
Para pharmaceutical Reagents – Benedict’s reagent, Blood grouping reagents,
Sodium citrate, Baford reagent. (6hrs)
3) Soaps & Detergents:- Introduction, Soaps – manufacture by modern process,

cleansing action of soap. Detergents – anionic, cationic and nonionic, with suitable
examples – distinction between soaps and detergents. Emulsifiers, Stabilisers and
Builders. (4 hrs)
29
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
1. Photochemistry: Photochemical reactions, laws of photochemistry;

Lambert’s law, Beer-Lambert’s law, Grothus Drapper’s law and Einstein’s law of
photochemical equivalence. Quantum efficiency. Experimental determination of
quantum efficiency by chemical actinometers. Reasons for high and too low quantum
efficiencies with examples. Fluorescence, phosphorescence, photosensitization,
photo inhibitions and chemiluminescence. (7 hrs)
2. Physical properties and molecular structure: Optical activity, polarization
(Clausius – Mossotti equation assumed). Orientation of dipoles in an electric field,
dipole moment, induced dipole moment, measurement of dipole moment by
temperature variation method. Dipole moment and structure of molecules
(6 hrs)
CH (Pr): 6.3-Lab Course in Chemistry-VII (Inorganic)

I) Volumetric estimation
1) Preparation of aqueous Iron(III) solution from haematite ore or solid Fe2O3
and estimation of percentage of iron in the solution using standard
K2Cr2O7 solution (internal indicator method).
2) Preparation of aqueous solution of Cu and Zn from brass and estimation of
percentage of Cu in the solution using standard Na2S2O3 solution.
3) Preparation of calcium chloride solution from limestone and estimation of
percentage of calcium in the solution by oxalate method.
4) Estimation of zinc using decinormal solution of potassium ferrocyanide
solution. Standardization of the titrant is to be done with standard ZnSO4
solution.
II. Gravimetric estimations

5. Estimation of barium as BaSO4
6. Estimation of Al as Al2O3
7. Estimation of iron as Fe2O3
8. Estimation of lead as PbSO4
III. Preparation and determination of percentage yield of the following compounds:

9. Ni – DMG complex
10. Cis – Trans Bis oxalate diaqua chromate (III)
11. Hexamine cobalt(II) chloride.
IV. Ion exchange process:

12. Separation of Mg (II) and Fe (II) by ion exchange method.
30
Industrial study tour report or project work report is compulsory in
VI-semester. The report carries 10 marks and it should be submitted in
inorganic chemistry practicals (6.3-Lab Course).
The following projects may be considered

1) Soil analysis
2) Water analysis
3) Sewage water treatment and management
4) Ion exchange methods
5) Chromatography
6) Crystallization and assay
7) Preparation of organic compound / complex compound and assay
8) Effect of pesticides and insecticides
9) Milk analysis
10) Preparation of pharmaceutical compounds and assay
11) Chemical processes in; textile industries / Fertilizer industries/ Dairy
industries / chemical industries / ceramic industries / sugar industries/ oil
industries / solvent extraction / liquor industries
12) Alternate sources of generating electric power / engine fuel
Apart from the above, any other projects may also be considered.
CH (Pr): 6.4-Lab Course in Chemistry-VIII (Organic/Physical)

Organic Experiments
1. Estimation of Phenol
2. Estimation of Aniline
3. Estimation of Acetamide.
4. Determination of Saponification value of Groundnut/coconut oil.
5. Determination of Iodine value of Groundnut/coconut oil.
6. Estimation of Glucose by Benedict’s Reagent.
Physical Experiments
1) Determination of the concentrations of given acids in a mixture (HCl +
CH3COOH) conductmetrically using the standard NaOH.
2) Determination of solubility of sparingly soluble salt (BaSO4) conductmetrically.
3) Verification of Beer- Lambert’s law by colorimetric method and calculation of
molar extinction coefficient i) FeCl3
31
4) Determination of concentration of FeSO4.7H2O solution (0.1N) by
potentiometric titration against the standard solution of K2Cr2O7 (0.1N)
5) Determination of the solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble
salts(silver halides) potentiometrically.
6) To determine the percentage composition of unknown mixture of A and B
liquids using Abbe’s refractometer (formula and graphical method).
7) Determination of Specific rotation of sucrose solution by polarimeter.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Inorganic Chemistry
1) Advanced Inorganic chemistry-F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C.A Murillo and

M.Bochmann, John Wiley & Sons(6th Edition) 1999.
2) Concise Inorganic Chemistry- J.D.Lee, Blackwell Science( 5th Edition), 2001
3) Inorganic Chemistry-J.E, Huhee, E.A, Keiter, Pearson education Asia (4th
Edition), 2000
4) Inorganic Chemistry- D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H.Langfor, Oxford Univ.
Press,ELBS, 2nd Edition, 2002.
5) Environment al Chemistry-A.K.De,Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1999
6) Nuclear and radiation chemistry-Sharma B.K, Goel Publishing House, 1997
7) Modern Inorganic Chemistry-W.L. Jolly, Mc Fraw Hill Co.
8) Principles of Inorganic chemistry-B.R.Puri and L.R.Sharma, Jauher, S.P. –
S.N. Chand & Co. 1988
9) Inorganic Chemistry- A.G. Sharpe, Addison Wesley(3rd Edition), 1999
10) Basic Inorganic Chemistry-F.A. Cotton, G. Eiljinson and P.L.Gaus, John Wiley
& Sons(3rd Edition), 1995
11) Essential Chemistry – R. Chang, McGraw Hill ((International edition), 1996
12) University Chemistry_ B.H.Mahan & R. J. Myers, Addison Wesley,(4th edition
ISC),1998
13) Essential trends in Inorganic Chemistry_.M.P. Mingos, Oxford Univ. Press,
1998
14) Chemistry - P.Atkins & L Jones, W.H. Freeman & Co., (3rd edition), 1995
15) Modern Chemistry-D.W. Ox Toby, H.P. Gills & N.H.Nachtrieb, Saunders
college Publishing Co.(4th Edition), 1999
Organic Chemistry
1. Organic Chemistry (Vol.1 & 2)-I.L. Finar, ELBS, 1991

2. Advanced Organic Chemistry- C.S.Bahi and A. Bahi, S Chand & Co., 1995
3. Organic Chemistry - R. T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Prentice Hall, 1991
4. Advanced Organic Chemistry - J.March, John Wiley & Sons, 1992
5. Modern Organic Chemistry - R.O.C. Norman and D.J. Waddington, ELBS,
1983
6. Understanding Organic reaction mechanisms - A. Jacobs, Cambridge Univ.
Press, 1998
7. Organic Chemistry - L.Ferguson, Von Nostrand, 1985
8. Organic Chemistry - M.K.Jain, Nagin & Co., 1987
9. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry - P. Sykes, Orient
Longman, 1390
32
Physical Chemistry
1) Physical Chemistry( 7th Edition) - P.W. Atkins and Julio de Paula, Oxford
Univ. Press, 2002
2) The Elements of Physical Chemistry(3rd edition) - Peter Atkins, Oxford Univ.
Press, 2000
3) Physical Chemistry – A molecular Approach - Donald A, Macquarie and John
D Simon, Viva Low-Priced Student Edition, 2001
4) Introduction to Physical Chemistry (3rd edition), Mark Ladd, Cambridge Low
– priced edition, 1999
5) Text Book of physical chemistry - S. Glasstone, Mackmillan India Ltd., 1982
6) Principles of Physical Chemistry - B. R. Puri, L.R. Sharma and M.S.Patania,
S.L.N. Chand & Co. 1987
7) Text Book of Physical Chemistry - P.L. Soni, S. Chand & Co.,1993
8) Physical Chemistry - Alberty R. A. and Silbey, R.J.John Wiley and sons, 1992
9) Physical Chemistry - G.M.Barrow, Mc Graw Hill, 1986
10) Physical Chemistry( 3rd Edition) - Gilbert W. Castilian, Narosa Publishing
House, 1985
11) Text Book of Polymer Sciece - Bilmeyer, Jr. F.W. John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
12) Basic Physical chemistry - Walter J. Moore, Prentice Hall, 1972.
REFERENCE BOOKS (PRACTICALS)

1) Vogel’s Textbook of Qualitative Chemical Analysis - J Bassett, R. C. Denney,
G.H.Jeffery and J.Mendham, ELBS (1986)
2) Inorganic Semimiero Qualitative Analysis- V.V. Ramanujam, The National
Pub. Co., (1974)
3) Practical Inorganic Chemistry - G. Marr and B.W. Rackett, Von Nostrand
Reinhold, (1972)
4) Laboratory manual of Organic Chemistry – Day, Sitaraman and Govindachari
(1998)
5) Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry – A.I. Vogel, (1996)
6) A Handbook of Organic Analysis – Clarke and Hayes (1964)
7) Findlay’s practical physical chemistry -revised by levitt, Longman’s,
London,(1968)
8) Experiments in Physical chemistry - Shoemaker and Garland, McGraw Hill
International edn (1996)
9) An introduction to Practical Biochemistry - David Plummer, McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co., (1992).
10) Introduction to Practical Biochemistry, Edited by S.K. Sawlmey and Randhir
Singh - Narosa Publishing House, 2000.
[\[\
33
COMPUTER SCIENCE
SEMESTER - V
BSCS 5.1: DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES & STATISTICAL

METHODS
Total: 50 Hrs
1. Fundamental Principles of Counting: The rules of sum and product,
Permutations, combinations, the Binomial Theorem, Combinations with repetitions.
(5 Hrs)
2. Fundamentals of Logic: Basic connectives and truth Tables, Logical
equivalence, the laws of logic, logical implication, rules of inference, use of
quantifiers, quantifiers, definitions and proofs of Theorems.
(10 Hrs)
3. Set Theory: Sets and subsets, set operations and the laws of set theory, counting
and venn diagrams. (5 Hrs)
4. Properties of Integers and Mathematical Induction: The well – ordering

principle, Mathematical induction, Recursive definitions, the division algorithm, prime
numbers, the GCD, Euclid’s algorithm, the fundamental theorem of Arithmetic.
(10 Hrs)
5. Relations and functions: Cartesian Products and relations, Functions, plain &
one – one function. Onto functions, Stirling numbers of the second kind, special
functions, the Pigeonhole Principle, function composition and inverse functions,
computational complexity, Analysis of Algorithms. (10 Hrs)
6. Statistical Methods: Basics concepts and definition of statistics, mean, standard

deviation, coefficient of variation, skewness & kurtosis, carl pearson correlation, rank
correlation and illustrated examples.
Basic concepts and definition of probability, Probability axioms, laws of
probability (based on set theory concepts), conditional probability Boy’s theorem,
problems and application. (10 Hrs)
Text Books:
1. Ralph. P. Grimaldi, Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics, An applied
introduction, Pearson Education (LPE) Fourth edition, 6th Indian Reprint,
2004. (Chapter 1 to 5).
2. Kolman, Busby & Ross, Discrete Mathematical Structures McGraw Hill, 2000.
3. Y.P. Agarwal: Statistical methods, Applications and Computations sterling
Pub. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
References:
1. C.L. Liu, Elements of discrete Mathematics, McGraw Hill, 1985.
2. Richard Johnson Baugh, Discrete Mathematics, 5th Edition, Pearson
Education (LPE) 2003.
3. Rajendra Akerkar and Rupali Akerkar, Discrete Mathematics, Pearson
Education, 2004
34
BSCS 5.2: VISUAL PROGRAMMING
Total: 50 Hrs
INTRODUCATION TO VB: The integrated Development Environment - menu bar,

tool bar, form designer, project explorer, properties window, form layout window.
The VB editor. (5 Hrs)
THE FORM OBJECT: Properties, events and methods of forms; Properties - Name,
Caption, Backcolor, Borderstyle, controlbox, maxbutton, minbutton, moveable,
startup position, height, width, left, top, scalemode, window state; Events - load,
unload, Click, Activate, Deactivate, Resize, methods- Show, hide, cls, unload, print.
Controls - Properties and events of different controls such as commond buttons,
labels, textboxes, image controls, timer, horizontal and vertical scroll bars, option
buttons, check boxes, frames, lists and combo boxes. (15 Hrs)
Predefined Dialog Boxes - MsgBox and InputBox.
PROGRAMMING IN VB: Data types, variables, declaration and scope, arithmetic

operations, Study of form and code modules, private and public procedures. Main ()
procedure. Subs and Functions. Mathematical and string Functions; Branching and
Looping Statements; If - Then, If - Then - Else and Nested If Statements; Select
Case- different forms; For - Next, While - Wend and Do - Loops statements; Arrays -
declaration. Static and dynamic arrays. Array() Function; menus and toolbars -
Creating menus and toolbars, Working with the menu editor, Designing Multiple
Document interface forms. Microsoft common controls.
OOP methods and properties of an object, class Modules, Encapsulation and
Inheritance characteristics; Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs) and Windows API;
Designing Help files; File handling - Sequential, Random access and Binary files,
Database connectivity - DAO and ADO Tables and Queries. ActiveX Data objects.
(30 Hrs)
Text books:
1) Deitel, Visual Basic 6 How to Program. Pearson Education
References:
1) Neol Jerke, The Complete Reference Visual Basic 6, Tata McGraw Hill
(1999).
2) Evangelas and Petroutsos, Mastering VB 6, 1st Edition, BPB Publications
(2001).
3) V.K. Jain, Introduction to OOP and VB, Vikas Publishing House (2003)
4) Gottfried, Programming with Visual Basic, Schaum's Series - Tata McGraw
Hill.
5) Reselman, Peasley and Pruchniak, Using Visual Basic 6, PHI (2000).
35
BSCS- 5.3: Computer Lab - V (Based on BSCS – 5.1)
Sample Programs:
1) Write a program to find the roots of f(x)=0 using Bisection Method.

2) Write a program to find the root of f(x)=0 using Newton-Raphson method
3) Write a program to find the root of f(x)=0 using Regula Falsi method.
4) Write a program to find the root of f(x)=0 using fixed point iteration method.
5) Write a program to solve system of equations, A X = B using
a) Gauss Elimination Method
b) Gauss Jordan Method
c) Gauss Siedel iteration method
6) Write a program to calculate integration of f(x) for given upper and lower limit
using trapezoidal rule.
7) Write a program to calculate integration of f(x) for given upper and lower limit
using Simpson’s 1/3rd rule.
8) Write a program to interpolate the value of f(x) for given x, using Lagrange’s
interpolation formula.
9) Write a program to interpolate the value of f(x) for given x, using Newton’s
forward interpolation formula.
10) Write a program to fit the given set of data by least square approximation.
11) Write a program to find the mean and median for a set of data.
12) Write a program to find Carl-Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.
13) Write a program to find the Rank correlation
14) Write a program to find Standard deviation
15) Write a program to find the Binomial coefficient.
Note: 1) A minimum of 20 practical assignments shall be done by each student.

2) The internal assessment marks (10 max.) shall be awarded by the
concerned course teacher based on the two practical tests of conducted by
him/her during the semester.
BSCS- 5.4: Computer Lab - VI (Based on BSCS – 5.2)
Sample programs:
1) Design an application to validate the user name and password and display
appropriate message using message box control.
2) Application to change the font size, font and style of a text string using combo
boxes.
3) Application to change the calculator using design array.
4) Application to design a calculator using design scrollbar.
5) Application to play AVI file containing audio and video using MCI control.
6) Application to play media file using active movie control or media player.
7) Application to design a screen saver (using timer).
8) Application to animation using animation control.
9) Application to move an image using a timer and command button controls.
36
10) Application to design MDI form to child and design the menu.
11) Design an application to establish connection to data base (Using data
control).
12) Design an application to demonstrate sequential file access in VB.
13) Design an application to demonstrate the encryption and decryption in VB
14) Program to convert a number to wordings (up to 1000).
15) Program to display the message “ welcome to Visual Basic” at the center of
the Window with random fore color for the message and random back color
for the form.
16) Program to display the message “ welcome to Visual Basic” through out the
Window with random fore color for the message.
17) Program to display a working anolog clock at the center the form
18) Windows API: Program to display a form always on the top of other
Windows.
19) Program to display the message “welcome to Visual Basic” in a label box. The
label box should scroll from right to left.
20) Program to accept only numbers with fractional part using text box.

SEMESTER - VI
BSCS 6.1: JAVA AND INTERNET PROGRAMMING
Total: 50 Hrs
Introduction: Internet Origin and Development – Internet Architecture frame work –
World Wide Web.
Advanced Java Programming: Java Applets – Java Servlet – Java script –

Applications – Integrating Java & Java script – Security in Java.
Extensible Markup Language (XML): Introduction – Origin and Goals – XML

Document – common syntactic constructs – XML tags – XML Processors.
Internet Application: Interactive Web page Development – Interfacing with Data

bases , Internet Access and security – Authentication, Active Server Pages (ASP),
VB Script, Active – X, Characteristics of Web – servers, Design of Web – Servers
(Apache, Internet Information Server – IIS, Oracle Application Server – OAS),
Desirable characteristics of web – sites (based on their intended purpose).
Text book :
1) Deitel: Internet & World Wide Web How to Program Pearson Education
2) Keytom Weissinger, ASP in a nutshell, 2nd Edition, O’reilly’s press.
3) Danny Goodman, Java Script and DHTML Cook book, O’reilly’s press.
4) Java Servlet and Java server Pages , Techmedia.
37
5) Herbert Schildt, The Complete reference JAVA, 2nd Edition, TMH
Publication.
6) Michale, The Web Programming Desktop Reference, PHI, 1998 ed.
7) Arnold, The Java Programming Language. Pearson Education, India.
References:
1) Christoph Wilie, Christian Koller, ASP in 24 hours, SAMS Publication.
2) ASP 3, Programmer’s approach, WROX Press Publication.
3) Marty Hall, Larry Brown, Core Servlets and JSP, Pearson Education.
4) Damon Hougland, Core JSP, Prentice Hall PTR Publication.
BSCS 6.2: DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Total: 50 Hrs
1) Introduction: Database and Database Users, Characteristics of the Database
Approach, Different people behind DBMS, Implications of Database Approach.,
Advantages of using DBMS., When not to use a DBMS. (5Hrs)
2) Database System Concepts and Architecture: Data Models, Schemas, and

Instances., DBMS Architecture and Data Independence., Database languages
and interfaces., The Database system Enviournment, Classification of Database
Management Systems. (4 Hrs)
3) Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationship Model: High level Conceptual

Data Models for Database Design with an example., Entity types, Entity sets,
Attributes, and Keys, ER Model Concepts, Notation for ER Diagrams, Proper
naming of Schema Constructs, Relationship types of degree higher than two.
(5 Hrs)
4) Record Storage and Primary File Organization : Secondary Storage Devices.

Buffering of Blocks., Placing file Records on Disk., Operations on Files, File of
unordered Records (Heap files), Files of Ordered Records (Sorted files), Hashing
Techniques, Other Primary file Organization . (6 Hrs)
5) Functional Dependencies and Normalization for Relational Databases :

Informal Design Guidelines for Relational Schemas, Functional Dependencies,
Normal Forms Based on Primary Keys., General Definitions of Second and Third
Normal Forms, Boyce–Codd Normal Form. (4 Hrs)
6) Relational Data Model and Relational Algebra: Relational Model Concepts.,

Relational Model Constraints and Relational Database Schema, Defining
Relations, Update Operations on Relations., Basic Relational Algebra
Operations, Additional Relational Operations., Examples of Queries in the
Relational Algebra., Relational Database design Using ER – to – Relational
Mapping. (6 Hrs)
38
7) Relational Database Language: Data definition in SQL, Queries in SQL, Insert,
Delete and Update Statements in SQL, Views in SQL, Specifying General
Constraints as Assertions, Specifying indexes, Embedded SQL. (5 Hrs)
8) PL / SQL: Introduction, Exceptions & Cursor Management, Database Triggers,

Functions, Procedures and packages. (8 Hrs)
9)Transaction Processing Concepts: Introduction, Transaction and System

Concepts, Desirable properties of transaction, Schedules and Recoverability,
Serializability of Schedules, Transaction Support in SQL, Locking Techniques for
Concurrency Control, Concurrency Control based on time stamp ordering,
Optimistic Concurrency control techniques, Using locks for Concurrency Control
in Indexes, (6 Hrs)
Text book:
1) Elmasri & Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems (Fourth Edition),

Pearson Education, 2003.
2) Sunderarman, Oracle 9i Programming A Primer, 1/e Pearson Education.
References:
1) Kahate, Introduction to Database Management System, Pearson Education

2004.
2) Abrahamsi. Silberschatag, Henry. F. Korth, S. Sudarshan, Database System
Concepts, Mc.graw hill.
3) Jefry. D. Ullman , Principles of database system.
4) 3. Oracle Press : ORACLE - Computer reference
5) C.J. Date, Introduction to database systems, Sixth Edition, addisonwesley,
1995.
6) Raghu Ram Krishnan, Database Management Systems, Second Edition,. Mc.
Graw Hill, 2000.
BSCS- 6.3: Computer Lab - VII (Based on BSCS – 6.1)
Sample Programs:
1) Write a program to find factorial of list of number reading input as command

line argument.
2) Write a program to find prime series reading N as command line argument.
3) Write a program to sort list of elements in ascending and descending order
and show the exception handling.
4) Write a program to implement Rhombus pattern reading the limit form user.
5) Write a program to implement all bitwise operations read the input form user
and display input, output errors.
6) Write a program to implement all string operations.
7) Write a program to find area of geometrical figures using method.
39
8) Write a program to implement constructor overloading by passing different
number of parameter of different types.
9) Write a program to create student report using applet, read the input using
text boxes and display the o/p using buttons.
10) Write a program to calculate bonus for different departments using method
overriding.
11) Write a program to implement an applet by passing parameter to HTML.
12) Write a program to implement thread priorities.
13) Write a program to implement thread, applets and graphics by implementing
animation of ball moving.
14) Write a program to implement mouse events.
15) Write a program to implement keyboard events.

BSCS- 6.4: Computer Lab - VIII (Based on BSCS – 6.2)
Sample programs:
1) Consider the Insurance database given below. The primary keys are underlined
and the data types are specified.
PERSON (DRIVER – ID #: string, name: string, address: strong)
CAR (Regno: string, model: string, year: int)
ACCIDENT (report – number: int, date: date, location: string)
OWNS ( driver – id #: string, Regno: string)
PARTICIPTATED (driver – id #: string, Regno: string, report – number: int,
damage amount: int)
i. Create the above tables by properly specifying the primary
keys and the foreign keys.
ii. Enter atleats five tuples for each relation.
iii. Demonstrate how you
a) Update the damage amount for the car with a specific Regno in
the accident with report number 12 to 25000.
b) Add a new accident to the database.
i. Find the total number of people who owned cars that were
involved in accident in 2002.
ii. Find the number of accidents in which cars belonging to a
specific model were involved.
iii. Generation of suitable reports.
iv. Create suitable front end for querying and displaying the
results.
v. Consider the following relations for an order processing
database application in a company.
1) Create the above tables by properly specifying the primary keys and the
foreign keys.
40
2) Enter atleast five tupels for each relation.
3) Product a listing: CUSTNAME, #oforders, AVG_ORDER_AMT, where the
middle column is the total average order amount for that customer
4) List the order# for orders that were shipped from all the warehouses that
the company has in a specific city.
5) Demonstrate how the delete item# 10 from the ITEM table and make that
field null in the ORDER_ITEM table.
6) Generation of suitable reports.
7) Create suitable front end for querying and displaying the results.
8) Consider the following database of students enrollment in courses and
books adopted for each course.
STUDENT (regno: string, name: string, major: string, bdate: date)
COURSE (course #: int, cname: string, dept: string)
ENROLL (regno: string, course#: int, sem: int, marks: int)
BOOK_ADOPTIO (course#: int, sem: int, book-ISBN: int)
TEXT (book – ISBN: int, book-title:string, publisher: string, author: string)
foreign keys.
2) Enter atleast five tuples for each relation
3) Demonstrate how you add a new text book to the database and make this
book be adopted by some department.
4) Produce a list of text books (include Course #, Book – ISNB, Book – title) in
the alphabetical order for courses offered by the ‘CS’ department that use
more than two books.
5) List any department that has all its adopted books published by a specific
publisher.
8) The following tables are maintained by a book dealer.
AUTHOR ( author – id : int, name: string, city: string, country: string)
PUBLISHER (publisher – id: int, name: string, city: string, country: string)
CATALOG (book – id: int, title: string, author – id: int, publisher – id: int,
category – id,: int, year: int, price: int)
CATEGORY (category – id: int, description: string)
ORDER – DETAILS (order – no: int, book – id: int, quantity: int)
foreign keys.
2) Enter atleast five tuples for each relation.
3) Give the details of the authors who have 2 or more books in the catalog and
the price of the books is greater than the average price of the books in the
catalog and the year of publication is after 2000.
4) Find the author of the book which has maximum sales.
5) Demonstrate how you increase the price of books published by a specific
publisher by 10%.
8) Consider the following database for a banking enterprise.
BRANCH (branch – name: string, branch – city: string, assets: real)
ACCOUNT (accno : int, branch – name: string, balance: real)
DEPOSITOR (customer – name: string, accno: int)
41
CUSTOMER (customer – name: string, customer – street: string, customer –
city: string)
LOAN (loan – number: int, branch – name: string, amount: real)
BORROWER (customer – name: string, loan – number: int)
foreign keys.
2) Enter atleast five tuples for each relation.
3) Find all the customers who have atleast two accounts at the main branch.
4) Find all the customer who have an account at all the branches located in a
specific city.
5) Demonstrate how you delete all account tuples at every branch located in a
specific city.
Note:
1) A minimum of 20 practical assignments shall be done by each student.
2) The internal assessment marks (10 max.) shall be awarded by the concerned
course teacher based on the two practical tests of conducted by him/her
during the semester.
Question paper pattern for all the Semesters
1) Theory: There shall be eight questions in the question paper each carrying 16
marks. The students have to answer any five questions.
2) Practical: The Practical marks of 40 shall be distributed as follows

Writing two programs including algorithms/flow chart ---- 14 Marks (7 each)
Execution of two programs ----------------------- ------ 20 Marks (10 each)
Laboratory record/journal and Viva – voce --------- -------- 06 Marks.
Total: 40 Marks
42
ELECTRONICS
SEMESTER – V
ELE- 5.1 (Network Analysis, Synthesis and Operational Amplifier)
Unit 1: Laplace Transformation: Singularity functions and it's LT. Properties of

Laplace transformation (Linearity, Scale Changing, differentiation, integration and
initial and final value theorems). Inverse Laplace transform: method of residues,
Heavyside formula. Applications of Laplace transform to solve simple differential
equations and electrical network problems. Driving point functions, transfer functions
and properties of network functions - Study of poles and Zeros. (8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Unit 2: Network Synthesis: Introduction, Positive real functions, Conditional tests

for positive real functions, Properties of Positive Real functions, Hurwitz Polynomials
and elementary synthesis procedure for RC, RL and RLC networks with use of
Foster's and Cauer's type of realization. (8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Unit 3: Operational Amplifier: Qualitative study of four modes of Differential

Amplifier, basic information of Op-amp (Types of IC, Manufactures designations,
Package Types, Temperature ranges and pin identifications etc.,) block diagram of
Op-amp, Ideal version of operational amplifier, Voltage-series (non-inverting) and
Voltage-shunt (Inverting) negative feedback circuits - derivation of voltage gain, input
resistance, output resistance and bandwidth. Operational amplifier parameters- input
offset voltage, input offset current, input bias current, Total output offset voltage
Thermal drift CMRR and Slew Rate. Explanation of voltage offset null circuit for 741.
(10 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Unit 4: Applications of Op- Amplifier: AC amplifier, Peaking amplifier, summing,

scaling and averaging amplifier, Instrumentation amplifier, Current to voltage and
Voltage to Current converter circuits, Low voltage DC Voltmeter, Integrator,
Differentiator, qualitative study of Op-amp as comparator. Astable, Monostable
multivibrator circuits and weinbridge oscillator circuit. (Design and working)
(8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Books Recommended:
1. Network Analysis - M.E.Van Velkenburg, PHI Pub.

2. Network Synthesis - M.E.Van Velkenburg, PHI Pub.
3. Circuits and networks Analysis and Synthesis - A Sudhakar and
S P Shymmohan TMH, Pub.
4. Circuit Theory (continuous and discrete-time
systems, elements of network synthesis) - C.P.Kuiakose PHI (2005)
43
5. Op-Amp and linear Integrated Circuits. - R.A.Gayakwad. PHI Pub.
6. Linear Integrated Circuits - D.Roy choudhary and S. Jain
New age international Ltd
7 A Textbook of Electronics - S.L.Kakani and K.C. Bhandari
(New Age Pub)
8. Op-amplifier and linear IC - Coughlin and Drischoll.
ELE-5.2: Analog Communication.
Unit 1: Modulation: Need for modulation. Types of modulation, Theory of amplitude

modulation, modulation index, side bands, power relations, linear modulation,
Square law modulation, Diode modulator, transistor modulator (collector to base).
FM modulation: Expressions for FM wave, modulation index. Deviation ratio, FM side
bands. Phase modulation: Expressions for phase modulation. Demodulation:
Diode AM detector, transistor AM detector. FM detector- balanced slope detector,
Foster-Seeley discriminator & ratio detector.(Qualitative) (10 Hrs)
Problems ( 2 Hrs)
Unit 2: Communication: Electromagnetic radiation. different layers of Ionosphere,

Types of wave propagation. Skip-distance, maximum usable frequency & their
relation. Virtual height, critical frequency, critical angle and fading. Block diagram of
AM transmitter (Qualitative explanation). Receiver characteristics (sensitivity,
selectivity, fidelity, signal to noise ratio, noise figure & stability). Determination of
receiver characteristics. AM receivers Straight radio & super heterodyne receiver
(Explanation of each with block diagram). Image frequency, intermediate frequency
and its choice. Block diagram of FM receiver (qualitative). Comparison of FM
receiver with AM receiver. (8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Unit 3: Microphones, PCB, Timer and wave shaping circuits: Types of

microphones (Diaphragm, Condenser, Carbon) and loud speakers (Squarer,
Tweeter, Woofer) and their qualitative study. Printed circuit Board: Printed circuit
board fabrication (Basics) PCB materials, Different types of etchings at PCB layout
Clipping and clamping diode circuits: Biased and unbiased, diode clipping and
clamping circuits and its application. Timer: Qualitative study of IC-555 Timer and its
use in monostable, astable and Schmitt trigger mode of operations. (8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
Unit 4: Antenna: Introduction, Antenna equivalent circuits, coordinate system,

radiation fields, polarization, Isotropic radiator, hertzian dipole, half-wave dipole, loop
and ferrite rod receiving antennas, yagi-uda antenna and parabolic antenna
(qualitative). (8 Hrs)
Problems (2 Hrs)
44
Books Recommended:
1.Electronic Communications - D.Roddy and J.Coolen (PHI pub)
2.Electronic communication systems - G. Kennady (TMH Pub
3.Radio Engineering - G.K.Mittal
4.Electronic communication - Sanjeev Gupta
5.Communication Electronics -N.D.Deshpande, D.A.Deshpande &
P.K.Ragali
6.Radio receiver circuit handbook - BPB Publication
7.Hand book of electronics -Gupta & Kumar
8.Linear integrated Circuits -D.Roy choudury and S. Jain
(New age)
9.Op-amplifier and linear IC -Coughlin and Drischoll.
10.Sound recording -John Eagle
ELE: 5.3: Electronics lab -V

List of Experiments:
1. Study of Operational amplifier Parameters.
2. Inverting and Non-inverting op-amp.
3. Op-amp as ac amplifier.
4. Op-amp as Adder and Substractor.
5. Study of Poles and Zeros
6. Op-amp as integrator and Differentiator.
7. Opamp as astable and monostable multivibrators.
8. Opamp as Weinbridge Oscillator
9. Low voltage DC Voltmeter using op-amp.
10. Instrumentation amplifier using op-amp.
Note: 1) Experiments are of four-hour duration

2) Minimum of seven experiments to be performed.
ELE: 5.4: Electronics lab -VI

1. Frequency response of a loudspeaker
2. Impedance characteristics of Microphone
3. Amplitude modulation (Determination of modulation index Using CRO)
4. Diode as a detector (Sketch input & output wave forms)
5. Straight radio receiver
6. Selectivity of a radio receiver
7. Diode Clipping circuit (both biased and unbiased)
8. Diode Clamping circuits (biased and unbiased)
9. Astable multivibrator using Timer 555
10. Monostable multivibrator using Timer.555
11. Schmitt trigger operation using Timer 555
Note: 1) Experiments are of four-hour duration

45
SEMESTER - VI
ELE-6.1: Microprocessor and Television
Unit-1: Microprocessors architecture: Introduction (evolution of Microprocessor)

Intel 8085, instruction cycle, Timing diagram and RISC and CISC Processors. Brief
account on different types of memory. (8 Hrs)
Unit-2: Instruction Set for Intel 8085: Introduction, Instruction and data formats,
addressing modes, Status flags, symbols and abbreviations, Intel 8085 instuctions.
Programming of Microprocessors: Introduction, Assembly Language,High-level
Language, areas of applications of various languages, stacks and subroutines.
Examples of assembly language programming. Interfacing peripherals-
Programmable peripheral interface (8255) and Programmable interval controller
(8253) and D/A Converter using 8085 and Op-amp. (12 Hrs)
Unit-3 :Television receiver circuit: Analysis and synthesis of TV pictures scanning

of image (detail study of vertical and horizontal scanning). Dimensions of video
signal (pedestal, D.C component, Blanking pulses). Horizontal and vertical
synchronization transmission. TV signal standards. (10 Hrs)
Unit-4: Monochrome TV: Block diagram of monochrome TV. With each block
explanation.Colour T.V.: Essentials of colour T.V.(compatibility, natural light, three
colour theory-grassman’ law). Detail circuit description of each block of colour
television. (10 Hrs)
Sufficient number of problems must be solved in relevant topics
Books recommended:
1. Microprocessors and microcomputers - B. Ram.

2. Microprocessors architecture, Programming and applications -Gaonkar.
3. Basic television and Video systems - Grob and Hernden
4. Monochrome and colour TV - R.R.Gulati
Ele-6.2: Programming in C, Fiber optic communication and Power control

devices
Unit-1: Introduction to C Programming: Importance of C, Basic Structure of C

programming style, execution of C program, C tokens, key words and identifiers,
Constants, Variables and data types, declaration of variables, assigning values to
variables, defining symbolic constants. Operators and expressions (All type).
(10 Hrs)
Unit-2: Decision making, Branching and looping: Decision making with IF
statement, IF. ElSE statement, ELSE. IF ladder, the switch statement the “?”
operator, the GOTO, WHILE, DO and FOR statements. One and two dimensional
arrays, initializing of arrays multidimensional arrays, Declaring and initializing string
46
variables, reading and writing of strings, reading and writing of strings, Arithmetic
operators, String handling functions. (10 Hrs)
Unit 3: Fibre Optics Communication: Introduction-Advantages, Principle of light

transmission in a fibre. Expression for numerical aperture, optical fibre modes and
configurations, and fiber materials. Losses in fibres-brief account. Qualitative study
of light sources and photo detectors used in fibre optics Communications. (10 Hrs)
Unit 4: Power control devices: SCR, DIAC & TRIAC (Construction, working & their
characteristics). Applications – SCR as power control device, DIAC as lamp dimmer
& TRIAC as electronic switch. UJT - Construction, working & characteristics. UJT as
relaxation oscillator (construction, working & derivation for frequency of oscillation).
(10 Hrs)
Sufficient number of problems must be solved in relevant topics
Books recommended:
1. Programming in ANSI-C -Balguru Swamy (TMH Pub)
2. How to solve it by computers -R.G.Dromy (PHI Pub)
3. Optical Fiber Communications -Gerd Keiser
4. Principles of Electronics -V.K.Mehatha
5. Electronic Principles -Malvino
6. Electronic Circuits and devices -Mottershed.
ELE: 6.3: Electronics lab -VII

1. Register to Register Movement
2. Addition and Subtraction.
3. Largest of Two numbers
4. Multiplication and Division
5. One’s Compliment and Two’s Compliment
6. Find the square root of a number.
7. Arranging in ascending / Descending order
8. D/A Converter using 8085 and Op-Amp
9. 8253 as square wave generator
Note:
1) Experiments are of four-hour duration
47
ELE:6.4 : Electronics lab -VIII
1. Find the largest of two numbers.
2. Leap year.
3. Roots of the quadratic equation
4. Find the area of the triangle.
5. Find the Factorial of given number.
6. Source and Detector Characteristics
7. Numerical Aperture of optical fiber.
8. UJT Characteristics
9. SCR Characteristics
10. SCR as Power Control device
11. UJT as relaxation oscillator
Note:
1) Experiments are of four-hour duration
[\[\
48
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE (E.E.M.)
SEMESTER – V
EEM 5.1: Power Systems and Op-Amp Applications:
Unit 1: Voltage Regulator (IC) and Comparator:

Definition of terms Related with Voltage Regulator. Basic Regulator circuit.
Practical form of a monolithic voltage Regulator (Functional block diagram).
Protection circuits. Short circuit protection. Over load protection. The classic 723
Regulator and CA 3085 IC. Regulator circuits using LM723 (a) Low voltage regulator
(b) High voltage regulator (c) Negative voltage regulator.
Three terminal voltage-regulator (a) Three terminal adjustable regulators

LM117 (b) Fixed Regulators LM 7805 —— LM 78XXX., LM 7905 ———LM
79XXX. (20 Hrs)
Unit 2: Operational Amplifier Applications:

Square wave generator. Triangular wave generator since wave generator.
Schmitt trigger design with Op-Amp. Instrumentation Amplifier. Op-Amp Comparator.
Precision detector. (6 Hrs)
Unit 3: Switching devices (Triggering devices):

The ideal Latch, methods of closing the latch and opening the latch. Shockley
diode, Silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). SCR Power control circuit, SCR as switch.
Silicon controlled switch (SCS), Light Activated SCR, Burglar Alarm. The Diac, Triac
and their applications. (8 Hrs)
Unit 4: Inverters & UPS:

Block diagram explanation of Inverter circuit Backup, On line and Line
interactive UPS. Battery maintenance. (4 Hrs)
49
EEM 5.2: Television, Video Systems and Cable network
Unit 1: Video Tape Recorder and Disk players:

Review of T.V. transmission and Receivers.
Video recording requirements, (FM recording, Rotating heads, Slant tracks, Servo
controls, VCR connection of Receivers).
Tape recording and playback, VCR modulation for the luminance signal,
Colour-under system for the chroma signal, Rotary head assembly, Scanner servo
systems, Control track and Capstan servo systems, Zero guard-band system, Path
of tape travel, Video disk systems, Optical disks, Capacitance disks. (8 Hrs)
Unit 2: Raster circuits and sync:

Amplitude and wave form separation of the sync., Sync separator, Vertical
sync integrator, Vertical deflection, Troubles in vertical scanning Troubles in
horizontal scanning and HAFC. Horizontal Sync and Deflection Gen-Lock system for
sync and deflection. Picture rolling, Diagonal black bars, Power supplies.
(6 Hrs)
Unit 3: Colour T.V. receiver circuits:

Producing the Luminance image, Hints for troubleshooting colour Receivers,
Need for Luminance delay, Special features of the IF circuits, The 3.58-Mhz chroma
section, troubles in chroma circuits, Colour band pass Amplifier, Colour-killer circuit,
Colour demodulators, AFPC systems for colour sync.
(8 Hrs)
Unit 4: T.V. and Video Servicing:

Cable frequencies, Coaxial cable for CATV, Characteristics impedance, Cable
losses, Cable Distribution system, The dBmV unit for losses and Gains, Distortion in
the cable signals, Two-way cable systems, Cable T.V. converters wave traps and
Scrambling Methods, Long distance links, Fiber optic cable concepts.
Safety Leakage tests, Meter measurements, Oscilloscopes, Colour bar
Generators Applications of the Gated Rainbow signal T.V. receiver servicing,
Degaussing and Automatic Degaussing (ADG), Power supply ripple High-voltage
troubles, High-voltage hold down circuits, VCR servicing, Servicing video cameras,
Interference patterns, Sources for Schematic Diagrams.
(16 Hrs)
50
Reference books:
1. Integrated circuits. By K.R. Botkar. Khanaa Publications 2-B Nath market.

Naisarok Delhi. 110 006.
2. Analog Electronics 2. Laboratory Manual, IMPACT Learning materials series.
Indian society for Technical Education. IIT Campus Hauz-Ahas, New Delhi.
3. Principles of Elctronics Vol.III, B.V. Narayn Rao.
4. Basic Electronics. By S.R. Rambhadran, Khanna publications Delhi.
5. Experiments in Electronics By S.V. Subramanyam, Macmillian India Ltd.
6. Electronics circuit Hand book. By MICHAEL – TOOLEY, BPB Publications-B-
14 Connuaght place New Delhi 110 001.
7. Using FET’S – By M.C. Sharma.
8. Practical SCR/Traic projects. By M.C. Sharma
9. Build your own test instruments. By M.C. Sharma, Publications Business
Promotion Publications, 376, Lajpath Rac Market Delhi 110 006.
10. MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, Prepared for the project
IMPACT. Learning Materials Series NTTF, Electronic Centre, Bangalore.
11. Electronic Testing and Fault Diagnosis. By G.C. Laoveday ; Wheeler and co.
Private Limited Delhi.
12. Project and Models in electronics by Bhatia, Khanna Publications.
13. Basic Television and Video systems. By Bernard Grab Fifth Edn. Mc. Graw
Hill. Pub. 14. Colour T.V. By Kiver.
15. T.V.s Monochrome and Colour . By R.R. Gulati TMH Edn.
16. IBM PC and CLONES Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance. By
B. Govindarajalu
17. IBM PC troubleshooting and Repair Guide. By Robert. C. Brenner. BPB and
PHI, Publications
18. PC Upgrade and Repair, Bible. By Barry Press, COMDEX, IDG Books.
19. Upgrading and Repairing PCs. By Mueller. (4th Edn.) PHI Pub. Co.
EEM 5.3: Electronic Equipment Maintenance Lab – V
1) To study regulation properties and circuits 723 ICs.

2) To study working and regulation properties of IC 317.
3) To study working and regulation properties of IC 7805.
4) Study the loading effect of voltmeter and its affects on the measurement
accuracy.
5) Troubleshooting an analog multimeter to locate and rectify the faults.
6) Setting of simple analog multimeter calibrate it with reference to standard
meter.
7) Setting of IC 741, tester.
8) Setting of IC 555, timer tester.
9) Setting of Transistor tester to determine current gen.
10) Setting of SCR and TRIAC tester.
11) Use of SCR to protect a load against overload from power supply.
12) D.C. motor speed controller using SCR.
13) Op-Amp comparator; Determination of response and rise time of a
comparator.
51
EEM 5.4: Electronic Equipment Maintenance Lab - VI
1. Oscilloscope probe compensation and calibration.

i) Time base calibration.
ii) Adjust the compensation of X 10 attenuator.
iii) Carryout calibration check of the scope.
iv) Demonstrate the loading of coaxial cable and X 10 attenuator
probe.
2. Functional and circuit level trouble shooting at CRO.
i) Trace disappearance., intensity control not working.
ii) D.C. Shift problem.
3. CRO circuit level trouble shooting.
i) X and Y Position control shooting.
ii) Failure to trigger.
4. Study the following in a T.V. receiver.
i) Power supply circuits checking.
ii) Deflection voltages checking.
iii) Acceleration voltage checking.
5. Study the sync. Signals in a T.V. circuits.
6. Trouble shooting in deflection circuits (horizontal) of a T.V. receiver.
7. Study of trouble shooting in deflection circuits (Vertical) of a T.V. receiver.
8. Use of Pattern generator in T.V. troubleshooting.
9. Study of IF and RF T.V. circuits.
10. Circuit study of Video detector and amplifier.
11. Assemble and audio oscillator with sine and square wave output covering a
range 3 Hz to 30 Hz.
12. Study of inverter circuit switching action.
13. UPS: Study of UPS and Testing.
14. Study of backup UPS regulation, working mode.
15. Study of line interactive and online UPS line regulation, switching action.
52
SEMESTER – VI
EEM 6.1 P.C. Hardware Maintenance – I
Unit 1: Motherboard circuits:

Motherboard Functions, Functional units and inter communication, Reset
logic, CPU Nucleus logic, DMA logic, Wait state logic, Bus Arbitration logic, RAM
logic, ROM logic, ROM Decode logic, RAM Parity logic, NMI logic, I/O ports Decode
logic, Time of Day (TOD) logic, Dynamic memory refresh logic, Speaker logic, Mode
switch Input logic, Keyboard Interface, Co-processor Unit Control Bus logic, Address
Bus logic, Date Bus logic, I/O Slot signals, New Generation mother board, Mother
board connections and Jumpers, Design Variation SMPS. (15 Hrs)
Unit 2: Printer Controller:

Introduction, Centronics Interface, Programming sequence, Hardware
overview, circuit description, Printer, New Generation printer controller. (6 Hrs)
Unit 3: Floppy Disk Controller:

Introduction, Floppy Disk Controller Overview, Disk Format, FDC system
interface, FDD interface, Overall operation of Floppy Disk subsystem. (6 Hrs)
Unit 4: Hard Disk Controller Subsystem:

Introduction, Overview of HC organization, Disk drive types and Interface,
Controller ports description, Hard disk format procedure. (8 Hrs)
EEM 6.2 P.C. Hardware Maintenance – II

Unit 1: Display Adapter:
Introduction, CRT Display, CRT controller principle and circuit analysis, MDA
Design organization, Colour Graphics Adapter (CGA) Advanced Graphics Adapters,
New Generation Display Adapters. (8 Hrs)
Unit 2: Auxiliary Subsystems and LAN:

Data communication fundamentals, Serial port in PC, real time clock (RTC).
Introduction to LAN, LAN configuration, Ethernet card 802.3, Connectors & Cables,
HUBs. (8 Hrs)
Unit 3: Computer peripherals & its Maintenance:

Construction and working CD, Mouse, DVD, Pen drive and different types of
keyboards. (10 Hrs)
53
Unit 4: Installation and Preventive Maintenance:
Introduction, Pre-installation planning Installation Practice, Routine checks,
Special configuration, Memory Upgradation, Hard Disk Upgradation, ODS/Windows
and LINUX Sofware preventive maintenance. Sync usage.
(8 Hrs)
Reference books:
1. Integrated circuits. By K.R. Botkar, Khanaa Publications 2-B Nath market.

Naisarok Delhi. 110 006.
2. Analog Electronics 2. Laboratory Manual, IMPACT Learning materials series.
Indian society for Technical Education. IIT Campus Hauz-Ahas, New Delhi.
3. Principles of Elctronics Vol.III, B.V. Narayn Rao.
4. Basic Electronics. By S.R. Rambhadran, Khanna publications Delhi.
5. Experiments in Electronics By S.V. Subramanyam, Macmillian India Ltd.
6. Electronics circuit Hand book. By MICHAEL – TOOLEY, BPB Publications-B-
14 Connuaght place New Delhi 110 001.
7. Using FET’S – By M.C. Sharma.
8. Practical SCR/Traic projects. By M.C. Sharma
9. Build your own test instruments. By M.C. Sharma, Publications Business
Promotion Publications, 376, Lajpath Rac Market Delhi 110 006.
10. MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, Prepared for the project
IMPACT. Learning Materials Series NTTF, Electronic Centre, Bangalore.
11. Electronic Testing and Fault Diagnosis. By G.C. Laoveday ; Wheeler and co.
Private Limited Delhi.
12. Project and Models in electronics by Bhatia, Khanna Publications.
13. Basic Television and Video systems. By Bernard Grab Fifth Edn. Mc. Graw
Hill. Pub.
14. Colour T.V. By Kiver.
15. T.V.s Monochrome and Colour . By R.R. Gulati TMH Edn.
16. IBM PC and CLONES Hardware, Troubleshooting and Maintenance. By
B.Govindarajalu
17. IBM PC troubleshooting and Repair Guide. By Robert. C. Brenner. BPB and
PHI, Publications
18. PC Upgrade and Repair, Bible. By Barry Press, COMDEX, IDG Books.
19. Upgrading and Repairing PCs. By Mueller. (4th Edn.) PHI Pub. Co.
EEM 6.3: Electronic Equipment Maintenance Lab - VII
1. Analog to Digital converter (Linear Ramp Method) using IC

i) Setup & Test and A/D converter.
ii) Study the principle of (e.g. 0804).
2. Setup a D/A converter using IC (e.g. 0801).
3. Setup an 8-bit binary counter using IC (e.g. 7493), study its properties.
4. Study of analog switches and Multiplexers using CMOS type 4052 device.
5. To setup and study switching a regulator circuit of SMPS.
6. Study the working of Pulse width Modulator (PWM) TL 494 of a SMPS.
54
7. Trouble shooting in SMPS used in PC.
8. Study of CPU and its container (2 Expts.).
9. Study of keyboard circuit assembly.
10. Study of FDD. ( Expts.).
11. Testing of Serial and Parallel ports and troubleshooting.
12. Study of HDD and its connections.
13. Study of DMP printer assembly, installation & its troubleshooting.
14. Study of INKJET printer assembly, installation & its troubleshooting.
EEM 6.4: Electronic Equipment Maintenance Lab - VIII
1. Study of LASER printer assembly, installation & its troubleshooting.

2. Laser Printer troubleshooting and repair.
3. Installing O.S.: DOS, WINDOWS 98/2000.
4. Installing LINUX on PC and Server.
5. Changing Screen options.
6. Installing Modem on PC (Internal/External).
7. Installing Ethernet card & interconnection to HUB/receivers.
8. Study of IRQs settings.
9. Study of Telephone & Internet.
10. Microprocessor interfacing for Keyboard.
11. Microprocessor interfacing for seven segment display.
12. Microprocessor interfacing for DAC.
13. Microprocessor interfacing for ADC.
14. Microprocessor interfacing for LED.
15. Microprocessor interfacing for PPI.
55
FORENSIC SCIENCE AND CRIMINOLOGY
SEMESTER – V
Paper –I Introduction to Criminal Law
Max. Marks- 80+20=100 Duration – 3 hrs/week.

Objectives: This paper is designed to acquaint the students with:
• The Law and principles of Criminal Law.
• Various offences and the punishment for the offences as
mentioned in the Indian Penal Code.
• The courts, their powers, trial procedure as mentioned in the
Code of Criminal Procedure.
• Witnesses, Confession, Expert opinion, burden of proof in a
Criminal case as mentioned in the Indian Evidence Act.
Syllabus Outlines:
Unit –I Introduction 12 hours
a) Meaning and definition of law.
b) Characteristics of good law.
c) Definition of Criminal law.
d) Characteristics of Criminal law.
e) Theories of origin of Criminal Law.
f) Concept of Human Rights.
Unit-II Indian Penal code 12 hours

a) General Explanations- Important definitions like Man, Woman, Movable
Property, Dishonesty, Fraudulently, Counterfeit, Document, Voluntarily,
Offence, Injury, Life, Death, Good faith and the other definitions useful
from the Criminological point of view.
b) General Exceptions important sections like 76, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 96,
97, 103, 106.
c) Understanding the ingredients of the following offences and punishment
for the same Abatement, Criminal Conspiracy, Waging war against
Government of India, Abating Mutiny, Unlawful Assembly, Giving false
evidence Counterfeiting coin, Public nuisance.
56
Unit-III. Indian Penal Code-Different Offences 12 hours
Understanding the ingredients of the following offences and punishment for the
same. Culpable Homicide, Murder, Causing death by negligence, Attempt to Commit
suicide, Hurt, Grievous hurt, Wrongful restraint, Wrongful Confinement, Criminal
force, Assault, Kidnapping, Abduction, Rape, theft, Extortion, Robbery, Dacoity,
Dishonestly receiving stolen property, Cheating, Inducing to deliver the property,
Mischief, Criminal trespass, House breaking, Forgery, Making false document,
Counterfeiting of currency notes or Bank notes, Defamation, Marrying again during
time of husband or wife. Of attempt to commit offences.
Unit-IV Code of Criminal Procedure 12 hours

a) Functionaries under the Code- A brief introduction to Police, the Prosecutors,
Defence Counsel, the Courts, Prison authorities and Correctional services
personnel
b) Summons and Warrants: Forms of Summons, Serving of Summons, Form of
Warrant of arrest and duration. Execution of Warrant, power to issue order in
urgent cases.
c) Procedure of trial of warrants and summons cases.
d) Provisions of bail.
Unit-V Indian Evidence Act 12 hours
a) Meaning of Evidence, types of Evidence.

b) Admission, Confessions and Different sections on Confessions, Opinion of
Experts.
c) Burden of proof.
d) Of Witnesses—Sections – 118,119,1524,126.
References:
1) A united Nations Priority, U N Publications – Human Rights Today
2) N. S. Sangoli- Bharat Danda Samhite, Vidyanidhi Prakashanan, Gadag 1998
3) N. S. Sangoli- Danda Prakriya Samhite, Vidyanidhi Prakashanan, Gadag
1998
4) N. S. Sangoli- Bharat Saksha Dhiniyam, Vidyanidhi Prakashanan, Gadag
1998
57
5) NCERT Publications. New-Delhi –Source Book (1966) Human Right
6) Omprakash Srivastava – Principles of Criminal Law, Eastern Book Co.,
Luknow
7) Ratanlal R. and Dhirajlal K – India Penal Code, Wadhwa & Co. new Delhi,
1997
8) Ratanlal R. and Dhirajlal K –Code of Criminal Procedure, Wadhwa & Co.
New Delhi,1997.
9) Ratanlal R. and Dhirajlal K – Indian Evidence Act, Wadhwa & Co. New Delhi
1997.
10) U.N. Publications –Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948
11) V. N. Shukla- Constitution of India, Eastern Book Co. Lucknow,1998
Paper –II Introduction to Social Legislation

Max. Marks. 80+20=100. Duration – 3 hrs/week.
Objectives- This paper is designed to make the students to understand:

• Social legislation as an instrument of Social change and Justice
• The laws that deal with crimes against women
• The Laws that deal with crimes against children
• The Laws that deal with Social-Economic crimes
• The Laws like Civil Rights Act, Anti-Corruption Act and other Acts.
Syllabus Outlines:
Unit-I Introduction 12 hours.
a) Meaning and definitions.
b) Provisions for social legislation in Indian Constitution.
c) History of social Legislation.
d) Objectives of Social Legislation.
e) Social Legislation as an instrument of social Change.
Unit-II. Special Laws – Crimes against women.

Salient Features of the following Acts 12 hours.
a) Immoral Traffic (Prevention)Act. 1956.
b) Dowry Prohibition Act 1961
c) Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act. 1971
d) Indecent Representation of women. (Prohibition) Act 1986.
e) Commission of Sati (prevention) Act. 1987.
f) Other legislations.
58
Unit – III. Special Laws- Crimes against children.
Salient features of the following Acts. 12 hours.
a) The Child Labour ( Prohibition and Regulation) Act. 1986.
b) The Prenatal Diagnostic Technique ( Regulations, Prevention and
Misuse) Act. 1994
c) Probation of Offenders Act- 1958
d) Juvenile Justice Act- 2000
e) The Child Marriage Restraint Act. – 1979 ( Duly amended)
f) Other legislations.
Unit – IV. Special Laws- Socio – Economic Crime. 12 hours

Salient features of the following Acts.
a) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act. 1985.
b) Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of
property Act. 1976)
c) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act. 1973.
d) Karnataka Prevention (of Dangerous Activities) Act. 1985.
e) Environmental Protection Act. 1958, 1986.
f) Consumer Protection Act- 1986.
g) Other legislations.
Unit-V 12 hours.
a) Salient features of Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 with rules
1977.
b) SC/ST (prevention of atrocities) Act 1989.
c) Organization of promoting social welfare programmes in relation
to prevention of crime and delinquency.
d) Legislative provisions relating to anticorruption
e) Other legislations.
References:
1) Antony. M.J. – Social Action through Courts.
2) B. Kuppaswamy – Social Change in India.
3) Gangrade. K. D – Social Legislation in India Vol I and II, Concept Publishing
Company Delhi, 1978.
4) Govt. of India, Director of Publications Division, New Delhi.
- Social Legislation and its Role in Social Welfare.
- Social Welfare in India, 1960
- Encyclopedia of Social Work in India, Vol –III
5) Katalia and Mujumdar- The Constitution of India.

6) K.L. Bhatia- Law and social change towards twenty first century.
7) Mumtaz Ali Khan – Social Legislation and the Rural Poor, Uppal Publications,
Delhi.
8) Profullah Padhy- Social Legislation and Crime, ISBN 81822053471, Isha
Books, New Delhi. 2006
9) Ram Ahuja –Social Problems in India.
10) Shalini Sahay – Social Legislation and Status of Hindu women, Rewat
Publications, New Delhi, 1996.
11) Special Laws enacted by State/Central Government.
59
SEMESTER - V
PRACTICAL -I
Maximum Marks- 40+10 =50. 3 hrs/week
1) Study of simple, compound and comparison microscope.

2) Comparison of Fingerprints.
3) Comparison of Bullets/ Cartridge cases
4) Comparison of tool marks.
PRACTICAL – II
1) Comparison of Hand written and type written documents.
2) Comparison of Hair.
3) Visit to the following institutions to study their functioning.
DAR Bell of Arms.
Police Dogs Squad
Police control room.
District Single digit Unit and Computer Portrait Building Section
60
SEMESTER- VI
Paper - I Introduction to Criminalities

Max. Marks – 80+20=100. Duration-3hrs/week.
Objectives- - This paper is designed with the objectives of making the students
to know:
• The technical and laboratory aspects of analysis of the various
physical evidences found at the scene of occurrence.
• The advanced aspects of Finger Print Science, Foot Prints, Tool
marks, fire arms, DNA Techniques.
• Trained to work in the Forensic Science Laboratory and Finger
Print Bureu.
SYLLABUS OUTLINES:
Unit-I. 12 hours
a) Scientific aids in Criminal Investigation.
b) Working of Central Forensic Science Laboratory.
c) Working of Central Finger Print Bureau.
d) Working of Single Digit unit of finger Prints.
e) Computerized Portrait Building.
Unit- II Dactyloscopy 12 hours

a) Comparison of Finger Prints.
b) Classification of Finger Prints.
i. Henry’s ten digit classification
ii. Harry Battley’s Single digit.
c) Chance prints- Developing with liquids and fumes.
Unit- III. Foot Prints and Tool marks. 12 hours.

a) Foot Prints- Types, Recording.
b) Components of walking picture.
c) Measuring Walking Picture.
d) Tool marks-Characteristics, Comparison.
61
Unit- IV. Fire Arms. 12 hours.
a) Indentification of Fire arms with.
i. Fired bullets.
ii. Cartridge cases.
b) The dermal test to the shooter.
c) Determination of range of fire.
Unit- V.
a) Glass fracture- Importance of glass in criminal investigation.
b) Explosives.
1. Meaning and importance.
2. Types of explosives.
3. Identification of explosives.
c) DNA.- DNA Technique in Criminal Investigation.
d) Body fluids.
1. Importance of body fluids in criminal investigation
2. Semen, saliva, urine, and perspiration.
3. Secretors and non- secretors.
References:
1. Albert S. Osborne- Questioned Documents, Nelson Hall Co., Chicago, 1929.
2. B. R. Sharma – Forensic Science in Criminal Investigation and Trials, Universal
Law Publication Co. Pvt. Ltd.
3. B.S. Nabar- Forensic Science in Crime Investigation, Asia Law Hourse,
Hyderabad, 2005
4. B. C. Bridges- Practical Finger Printing, Funk Wagnalls Co., New York, 1962
5. B. B. Nanda & R.K. Tiwari- Forensic Science in India : A vision for the Twenty-
first Century, Select Publishers, New Delhi, 2001.
6. Charle’s O’hara – Fundamentals of Criminal Investigation, Charles C. Thomas,
Springfield, 1972.
7. Paul Kirk – Crime Investigation, Inter Science Publisher, New York, 1974.
8. Richard Saferstein – Criminalistics : An introduction to Forensic Science,
Prentice Hall Eaglewod Cliffs, New Jersey, 2001.
9. Soderman and O’ connel – Modern Criminal Investigation, Funk and Wagnalls,
New York,1968
10. S.K. Chatterjee – Finger, Palm and Sole Prints, Kosa Publishers, Calcutta,
1067.
11. Sir Gerald Burrard- Indentification of Firearmes and Forensic Ballistics.
62
Paper –II INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY.
Max. Marks- 80+20=100 Duration-3hrs/week
Objectives
• This paper is designed to make the students to know;
• The application of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology in the field of
criminal investigation.
• About Medical evidence, Medical Report and other certificates
• About autopsy, its procedure and purpose
• About poisons, their actions and antidotes etc.
Syllabus Outlines:
Unit-I Introduction 12 hours
A Forensic Medicine
a) Meaning and definition.
b) Importance of forensic Medicine in the detection of Crime.
c) Medical Evidence, Medical Report, Certificates, dying Declaration
and Expert Opinion.
B. Toxicology.
a) Meaning and definition.
b) Classification of poisons.
c) Medico-legal importance of poisons.
Unit- II. 12 hours.

a) Difficulties experienced by I.O in the detection of crime in medico-
legal cases.
b) Inquest- Coroners, Magistrate and police, Exhumation of body.
c) Identification of living and dead.
d) Wounds and Injuries- types and Medico- Legal importance.
e) Death- Meaning, modes of death, signs of death and changes
after death.
f) Hanging and drowning- definition, symptoms, causes and post-
mortem appearances.
Unit- III. 12 hours.
a) Feticide – Meaning and causes
b) Infanticide- Meaning and causes.
c) Abortion – Meaning, classification and causes.
d) Determination of age, sex and height through bones,
e) Autopsy- procedure and purpose.
Unit- IV 12 hours
a) Factors modifying the action of poisons.
b) Routes of administration and elimination.
c) Antidotes and stomach wash tube.
d) Isolation, identification and estimation of poison from viscera.
63
Unit- V. 12 hours.
Study of the Symptoms, characteristics, fatal dose, fatal period, postmortem
appearances and analysis of the following poisons.
a) Carbon dioxide. b) Phosphorus. c) Arsenic d) Abrus-precatarius. e) Alcohol.
f) Opium. g) Dhatura. h) Pesticides. i) Nuxvomica.
Reference:
1) Keithmant (Editor) O Taylor’s Principles and Practice of Medical Jurisprudence,
Chrchil Livingstone, London, 1984.
2) Franklin (Editor)- Modi’s Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology, N.M. Tripathi,
Pvt. Ltd., Bombay,1988.
3) Dr. R.M. Jhala and V.B. Raju- Medical Jurisprudence, Eastern Book company,
Lucknow.
4) Douglas. J.A. Kerr – Forensic Medicine, Adam and Chrchils Black, London,
1957.
5) Keith Simpson- Forensic Medicine, Edward Arnold publisher Ltd., London,
1964.
6) Parikh C. K- Medico- Legal: Post-mortems in India, Medical Publications,
Bombay, 1985.
7) S.D.S. Grewal – Lyons Medical Jurisprudence for India, Thackers Pink and
Co., Calcutta, 1967.
SEMESTER – VI
PRACTICAL – I
Max.Marks- 40+10=50 3 hrs/week.
1) Classification of Finger Prints.- Henry’s Primary, Secondary, Sub-Secondary,
and final.
2) Blood Tests- Benzidine, Phenolphthalein, Haemin Crystal, Microscopic and
Blood Grouping
3) Glass fracture- Determining the direction of force.
4) Identification of fiber.
5) Identification Skeleton Bones.
PRACTICAL –II
Max. Marks- 40+10=50 3 hrs/week
1) Identification of wounds and injuries through models and charts.
2) Study of different parts of computer.
3) Study of two cyber crimes
4) Visit to the following local/ outside institutions to study their functioning and
writing the report.
i. Courts- to witness the proceedings.
ii. Medico-legal institutions.
iii. Institutions of Forensic Importance.
64
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION SEMESTERS - V TO VI
a. Theory Max. Marks-100

Paper-I Theory -80
Internal Assement -20
------
Total -100
Paper-II Theory -80

Internal Assement -20
------
Total -100
b. Practicals Max. Marks-100

Two Practicals each carrying 50 marks
Practical-I 40- Actual Practical.
10- Internal Assessment
-----
Total 50.
Practical-II 40- Actual Practical.

10- Internal Assessment
-----
Total 50.
Pracical I+ II = 100.
Special Note:
1) Questions shall be drawn from each unit giving equal weightage.
2) There shall be five questions having internal choice.
3) Each Questions carries 16 marks.
4) There may be sub- questions in a question with equal marks to each sub-
questions.
5) Scheme of Examination, Award of Internal Assessment Marks and Norms for
attendance to theory/practical classes as per ‘KARNATAK UNIVERSITY
REGULATIONS GOVERNING THREE YEAR SEMESTERIZED BACHELOR
DEGREE PROGRAMMES IN THE FACULTIES OF ARTS, SOCIAL
SCIENCES, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, AND COMMERCE 2005-06’
6) Duration of the Theory Examinations is 3 hours.
7) duration for the practical Examination is 3 hours for Semester I to IV and 6
hours for semester V and VI.
8) Certification of Practical Record by the staff member in charge and the Head
of the department is a must to appear the practical examination
[\[\
65
FISH AND INDUSTRIAL FISHERIES
V SEMESTER
PARER V TOTAL 50 hrs

5Hrs/week
Principles and practice of Aquaculture;
Definition and history of Aquaculture; Scope and importance of aquaculture.
Principles of site selection, Kinds of fish farm, Productivity of water, Soil and soil
characteristics and other parameters.
Different systems of aquaculture, monoculture, polyculture, integrated fish farming,
pond culture, cage culture, pen culture, raft culture, extensive, semi intensive and
intensive fish culture, raceway culture, sewage fed fish culture.
Factors for success of fish culture enterprises. 25 hrs
Present status of Aquaculture, Preparation of culture pond, Pre stocking

management, Control of aquatic weeds, aquatic insects, weed fishes, predators,
algal blooms and their control, liming and fertilization, manuring of nursery and
rearing ponds. Criteria of selection of species for culture, seed procurement and
stocking. Post stocking management, phased manuring, supplementary feeds and
feeding. 10 hrs
Breeding and culture of freshwater Prawns and their polyculture with finfish. Air
breathing fish culture. Coldwater fishes and their culture. 5 hrs
Formulation of artificial diet of fishes. Storage of feeds, feeding techniques, natural

feed and its importance in aquaculture. Aqua farm management, concepts and
principles of aqua farm management. 5 hrs
Major cultivable freshwater fishes of India. 5 hrs
66
V SEMESTER PRACTICAL 4Hrs/week
1. Water and soil analysis.

(Dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, alkalinity, salinity, pH, hardness, ammonia,
and nitrates)
2. Soil parameters.
(Collection and preservation, analysis of particle size, water holding capacity,
pH, and organic matter).
3 Aquatic insects, aquatic weeds, predatory & weed fishes. (Identification and
describe)
SCHEME FOR PRACTICAL

1. Water analysis –DO/Alkalinity/Hardness 10 marks
2. Water analysis CO2 / ammonia/ Nitrate/salinity 10
3. Soil organic matter/ Soil/ water pH. 09
4. Identifications 3x2 06
5. Journal 05
…………………
Total 40 marks
67
SEMESTER – VI
PARER VI TOTAL 50hr

5Hrs/week
COSTAL AQUACULTURE;
Marine fisheries resource of India, Brakishwater fisheries resource of India.
Important species of Pennaeid prawns and life history of typical Prawn,
hatchery production of seed, nursery rearing, transportation of Prawn seed,
hatchery management.
Breeding and culture of brakishwater fish - Milk fish, Mullets, Pearl spot, Sea
bass etc.
Mariculture of edible oysters, mussels, Clams, Sea urchin, Sea cucumber and
culture of sea weeds.
Fisheries Institutes of India. 22 hrs
Fish pathology;
Significance of fish disease in relation to aquaculture practices. Principles of
disease diagnosis and fish health management.
Disease caused by crustaceans, parasites (Ergasilosis, Lerniae, Argulus,
Isopodeparasite).
Protozoan diseases, Fungal diseases, Viral diseases and Bacterial diseases
of fishes, symptoms and their control methods. 22 hrs
Fish Histology;
Histological studies of most important internal organs of fish - gills, liver,
Intestine, Kidney, Muscle. 6 hrs
68
VI SEMESTER PRACTICAL 4Hrs/week
1. Identifications of fish parasites.

2. Identification of cultivable fishes.
3. Techniques involved in the investigation of disease.
4. Histological and Histochemical technique.
5. Stain preparation and staining technique.
6. Economics of Composite fish culture.
7. Economics of fish cum paddy culture.
8. Economics of fish cum poultry farming.
9. Economics of fish cum dairy farming.
10. Economics of fish cum horticulture.
11. Economics of freshwater Prawn.
12. Economics of monoculture of brakishwater milk fish culture.
12. Field visit to fish seed hatchery and fisheries Institutes.
SCHEME FOR PRACTICAL;

1. Identification of fish pathogens (3x2) 06
2. Identifications of Permanent histological slides. 3x 2 06
3.Preparation and Identification of permanent slide 10
4.Fisheries economics. (2x4 problems) 08
5. Journal 05
6. Field report 05
----------
Total 40 marks
[\[\
69
GENETICS
SEMESTER V
PAPER V: GENERAL GENETICS

60 Hrs
Unit I:
Genes and Behaviour: Genetic analysis of behaviour in experimental animals-Nest
cleaning behaviour in honey bee. Biological rhythms in Drosophila and Mice, Sexual
preference in Drosophila,Nutrional behaviour in Mice, Chemo taxis in E. Coli
Chromosome abnormalities and insights in to human behaviour. Single gene
mutations and human behaviou- Phenylketonuria, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome,
Huntington’s disease. Complex human behaviours-Intelligence, Personality.
15 Hrs
Unit II:
Genome Organization: Differences between Pro, and Eukaryotic genomes, Genome
size in Eukaryotes, evolutionary complexity, C-value paradox, genome size diversity
and significance, Repetitive DNA-LINES, SINES, Heterochromatin, Special type of
chromosomes, Centromere and telomeres, Extra nuclear genomes-Mitochondrial
and Chloroplast. 05 Hrs
Unit III:
Developmental Genetics: Genes in development and differentiation. Genetic analysis
of development in model organisms such as Drosophila, Coenorhabdits and
Arabidopsis. Molecular analysis of genes involved in development Maternal gene
activity in development-Determination of the dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior
axes in Drosophila embryos, Zygotic gene activity in development. 15Hrs
Unit IV:
Quantitative Genetics: Quantitative traits in plants and animals. Multiple factor
hypothesis, polygenic inheritance, Role of environment in quantitative inheritance,
components of genetic variance, estimation of genetic variance, heritability,
Heterosis, Inbreeding depression, out breeding, Line breeding, 10 Hrs
Unit V:
Population Genetics and Evolution: Darwinism, Neo Darwinism with an emphasis on
Hardy-Weinberg law of genetic equilibrium and exceptions. The evolutionary forces
which can alter them. Natural Selection, Random genetic drift, speciation. A brief
account of Human Evolution. 10 Hrs
Unit VI:
Application of Genetic Principles in Plant and Animal Improvement : Selection and
breeding programmes for productivity. Biotic and abiotic stresses which affect plant
growth and productivity. 05 Hrs
70
PAPER VI: BIOSTATITICS AND BIOINFORMATICS
60Hrs
Unit I: Introduction:
Basic concepts, central tendency, measures of Biology and statistics. Definition and
applications of correlation, Linear regression and Chi Square test and dispersion,
goodness of fit, students t-test and test for homogeneity. 10 Hrs
Unit II:
Definition of Probability, law of probability, discrete and continuous distribution,
bionomial Poission and normal distribution. 10 Hrs
Unit III: Parametric and Non Parametric test, introduction to one sample binomial or
sign test, analysis of variance, one way analysis, two way analysis, degree of
freedom for ANOVA. 10 Hrs
Unit IV:
Biological databases: Introduction to data base concept DNA sequence databases-
GenBank, EMBL and DDBJ; Protein sequence databases-SWISS-PROT, Unit Prot,
Prosite; Struture databases-PDB and SCOP; Literature data bases. 10 Hrs
Unit V:
Sequence Analysis: Similarity search-Blast algorithm, Sequence alignment Scoring
of alignments and matrices, Pair wise and multiple sequence alignments,
Phylogenetic analysis. 10 Hrs
Unit VI:
Genomics and Proteomics Tools: Restriction Analysis –NEBCUTTER: Gene
finding –Genescan, ORF finding-NCBI ORF finder, Protein structure visualization-
Rasmol, Cn3D; Protein structure prediction. 10 Hrs
PRACTICAL I : BASED ON THEORY PAPERS
V: GENERAL GENETICS
VI: BIOSTATICS AND BIOINFORMATICS
1. Study of karyotype analysis
2. Study of inheritance of PTC in Human
3. Identification of blood group and calculation of allelic frequencies
4. pedigree analysis in human with simple Mendelian traits.
5. Chromosome banding pattern; Onion or other plant material
6. Sequence Similarity searching using BLAST.
7. Multiple sequence alignment using Clustal –W
8. Restriction Analysis using NEBCUTTER
9. ORF finding using NCBI ORF finder.
10. Protein Structure visualization using Rasmol or Cn3D.
71
References:
1. Atherly A.G., J.R. Girton andJ.F. McDonald 1999. The Science of Genetics.
Saunders College Publishing., Harcourt Brace College Publishers. NY.
2. Brooker R.J. 1999. Genetics: Analysis and Principles,l Benjamin/Cummings,
Longman Inc.
3. Griffith A.J.F., J.H. Miller., D.T. Suzuki., R.C.Lewontin and W.M. Gelbert.
1996.
4. An Introduction to genetic analysis. W.H. Freeman and Company. New York.
5. Snustad D.P and M.J. Simmons. 1997. Principles of Genetics, John Wiley
and Sons, Inc. NY
6. Bioinformatics computing-Bryan,l MD., Pearson Education
7. Bioinformatics-C.S. V. Murthy, Himalaya Publishing House.
8. Introduction to Bioinformatics-Attwood and Parry-Smith, Pearson Education ,
Asia
72
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER VII:ADVANCED GENETICS:
60 Hrs
Unit I:
Immunogenetics: The Immune response; An overview, Components of Mamalian
Immune System. Structure and types of antibodies, antibody genes, antibody
diversity, histocompatibility genes, monoclonal antibodies, autoimmune diseases.
10 Hrs
Unit II:
Cancer Genetics: Genetic bases of cell cycle, types of cancer, properties of

cancerous cells. Oncogenes: Turnor-inducing Retroiviruses and Viral Turnor
Supressor Genes; pRB, p53, pAPC, phMSH2 etc, Genetic Pathway of Cancer,
Molecular bases of cancer, theories on cancer. 10 Hrs
Unit III:
Human Genetics : Historical background, Mendeliam disorders, dominant

and recessive gene disorders, inborn errors of metabolism, chromosome
based disorders-autosomal and sex chromosomal disorders. Genetic
screening and pedigree analysis, Human Genome Project, Eugenics.,
Karyotyping and its significance, C, G, Q banding techniques and their
applications in detecting human cytogenic disorders. Aneuploid analysis in
Human. 10 Hrs
Unit IV:
Principles and Methods of Plant Breeding: Objectives of Selection, Mass Selection,
Progeny Selection Recurrent selection. Clonal selection merits and demerits,
Methods of asexually propogated crops. Hybridization –Interspecific and Inter
generic hybridization. 10 Hrs
Unit V:
Breeding Methods for Crop improvement : Disease Resistance-Concepts, genetics
of pathogenecity, disease development, disease escape, Mechanisms of disease
resistance, Genetic basis of disease resistance, Sources of disease resistance,
breeding methods for disease resistance. Insect Resistance-Concepts, Mechanism
for insect resistance. Nature of Insect Resistance, Genetics of Insect Resistance,
Sources of resistance, Breeding methods for insect resistance. 10 Hrs
Unit VI:
Polyploidy in Plant Breeding: Numerical Chromosomal Changes-Classification,
Aneuploidy, Morphological and Cytological Features, Application in Plant Breeding.
Autopolyploidy-Origin and Production, Morphological and Cytological features.
Segregation in autotetraploids, Role of autopolyploids in evolution, Limitations,
Applications in Plant Breeding. Allopolyploids-Origin and Production, Morphologicall
and Cytological features, Role of allopolyploid in evolution, Limitations,
Applications in crop improvement. 10 Hrs
73
PAPER VIII: GENETIC ENGINEERING
Unit: I:
Introduction and key concepts of recombinant-DNA technology, Cloning and
expression vectors: Plasmids- Types, Classifications and general characters.
Cloning vectors based on Bacterial plasmids, Bacteriophage vectors for E. Coli
cosmids , Virus Vectors for Animal Cells, Vectors for Plant Cells, Mu
Chromosomes, YAC, BAC, HAC, Transposons Binary and Shuttle vectors.
Unit II :
Restriction Endonucleases and other DNA modifying enzymes : Restriction
Endonucleus –Types Nomenclature, Classifications, Target sites, nature of cut
Applications of REN in Genetic Engineering, DNA Modifying Enzyme Ligases,
Alkalilne Phosphatase, Polynucleotide kinase, Termin Deoxynucleotidyl
Transferase, SI Nuclease, DNA Polymerases, R Nase, Dnas Reverse Transcriptase
etc .
Unit III:
Gene Isolation and Cloning: Isolation of Total Cellular DNA, Nucleic
AcHybridazation, Construction Recombiannt DNA, Screening and Selection of
recombinant Isolation of Recombinant DNA Products-Isolation of Human Insulin.
Unit IV:
Basic principles of PCR, Electrophoresis, RFLP, RAPD, DNA sequence in
Autoradiography and Southern Blotting, DNA finger printing and applications.
Unit V:
Applications of genetic engineering in plant and animal improvement.
Plants-Tissue culture, somaclonal variations, isolation of haploids transgene plants
Animals-Animal cloning, transgenic animals, Bacteria-Genetically modified bacteria
for human insulin.
Unit VI:
Socio-biological and ethical issues of genetic engineering, concept of intellectual
property right and patenting.
Practical –II Based on theory papers
VII Advanced Genetics

VIII Genetic Engineering
1. Isolation of Plant and Animal DNA
2. Purification and estimation using uv-Spectro photometer
3. Isolation of Plant and Animal RNA
4. Restriction analysis of DNA
5. Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of restriction endonuclease digest
6. Plant tissue culture technique
7. Micropropogation of plants
8. Synthesis of artificial seeds
9. Hybridization methods
10. Pollen viability test
74
11. Compulsory study tour will be conducted to visit premier research institutions.
The tour report ( a part of the class records) carries 10 marks.
References:
1. Atherly, A.G., J.R. Girton and J.F. Mc Donald, 1999, The Science of Genetics
Saunders College Publishing, Harcourt Brace College Publishers. NY.
2. Brooker R.J. 1999, Genetics Analysis and Principles, Benjamin/Cummings
Longman Inc.
3. Griffith A.J. F., J.H. Miller., D.T. Suzuki., R.C.Lewontin and W.M. Gelbert.
1996. An introduction to genetic analysis. W.H. Freeman and Company New
York.
4. Snaustad D.P. and M.J. Simmons, 1997, Principles of Genetics, John Wiley
and Sons, Inc. NY.
5. Lewin. B. 2000. Genes VII Oxford University Press, Oxford New York, Tokyo.
6. Watson J.D. N.H. Hopkins, J.W. Roberts, J.A. Steitz and A.M.Weiner, 1987.
Molecular biology of Genes. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.
Inc. Tokyo.
7. H. Lodish A. Berk. S.L. Zipursky , P. Mastsudaira D Baltimore and J.
Darnell 1999 Molecular Cell Biology W.H. Freeman and Company.
[\[\
75
GEOLOGY
SEMESTER – V
STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY and ORE PROCESSES
PAPER – I: STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
1) Introduction – Attitude of beds, Strike and dip, Brunton compass and its use.
2) Out crop : Definition, width of outcrop, factors controlling the width of outcrop
3) Conformity – Definition .
Unconformities – Definition Characteristics.
Types – Disconformity, Angular unconformity, non- conformity,
Recognition of unconformities
4) Joints – Definition, general characters.
Classification : Geometrical - dip, strike oblique and bedding joints
Genetical: Columnar, feather, extension and release, joints, sheeting.
5) Folds – Definition Parts of fold. Nomenclature of folds : Anticline, Syncline,
overturned, Recumbent, Isoclinal, Chevron, Monocline, drag
6) Faults: Definition : fault plane, dip, hade, hanging wall, footwall. Nature of
movement: Slip, strike slip, dip slip, net slip. Classification of Faults:
Geometrical Genetic Criteria for recognition of faults.
ORE PROCESSES:
1) Introduction, Ore, Ore Mineral, Tenor, Gangue,

2) Metalliferious and Non-metalliferous deposits
3) Mode of formation of minerals, stability of minerals
4) Geological Thermometers
5) Process of formation of ore minerals (General Principles with Indian
Examples)
a) Magmatic concentration and sublimation
b) Contact Metasomatism
c) Hydrothermal process (Cavity filling and replacement)
d) Sedimentation
e) Weathering – Residual concentration Mechanical
f) Oxidation and supergene enrichment
76
PAPER – II: INDIAN STRATIGRAPHY
1) Physiographic divisions of India

2) Archaean Formations
3) Detailed Study of Archaeans of Karnataka State
4) Cuddappah Formation of Andhra Pradesh, Kaladgi Series.
5) Vindhyan Formations, Kurnool System, Bhima Group
6) Cambrian Formation of Salt Range. Age of Saline Series
7) Classification & description of Gondawana group of rocks
8) Triassic formations- Lilang system
9) Jurassic of Kutch
10) Cretaceous of Trichinapoly and Narmada Valley
11) Deccan Traps, Lameta Beds, Infra trappeans, Inter trappeans, Age of the
Deccan Traps
12) Siwalik formations of Northwestern India
13) Pleistocene Glaciation.
PRACTICAL – I
STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
1. Drawing of sections and writing the descriptions of the Geological Maps as given
below:
a) Contour Maps
b) Horizontal Strata with and without intrusions.
c) Inclined strata with and without intrusions.
d) Inclined strata with faults, with and without intrusions.
e) Map showing unconformities with and without intrusions
f) Map showing combined features such as fault, fold, unconformities and intrusions.
g) Map showing folded strata with and without intrusions para 1. At least a minimum
of 3 Maps in each type to be given during practicals.
2. Tracing and completion of outcrops by the given data ( A minimum of 6 maps)
3. Solving of simple dip and strike problems (2 each in every set)
77
PRACTICAL – II
ORES AND ORE CHEMISTRY
Megascopic study and identification of the following ore minerals:

Hematite, Magnetite, Limonite, Pyrolusite, Psilomelane, Rhodonite, Braunite, Native
– Copper, Chalcopyrite, Bornite, Malachite, Galena, Sphalerite, Stibnite, Realgar,
Orpiment, Cinnabar, Graphite, Bauxite, Magnesite, Coal varieties.
Ore Chemistry : Estimation of iron, manganese and calcium in a given ore powder by
volumetric method.
List of books:
1. Structural Geology M.P.Billings, Printice Hall

2. Structural Geology C.M.Navin
3. Structural Geology De.Sister, L.V.Mc Graw Hill
4. An outline of Structural Geology Hobbs, Mens & Willians, John Wiley, &
Sons.
5. Manual of Structural Geology Gokhale, N.W.C.B.S. Publishers
Maps.
6. Indian Stratigraphy Wadia D.N
7. Geology of India and Burma M.S.Krishnana
8. Geology of Karnataka B.P.Radhakrishna
9. Economic Mineral Deposit A.M.Bateman B.I.Publication
10. Mineral Deposits Lindgreen Mc.Graw Hill
11. Treatise of Minerals of India R.K.Sinha Allied Publisher
12. Ore Deposits of India G.K.Gokhale and Affiliated east
(3rd Edn. Thomoson Press India Rao T.C. West Press
Ltd., Hariyana)
13. Indian Mineral Resources S.Krishnaswamy Oxford & IBH
Pub.
14. Minerals of Karnataka B.P.Radhakrishna JGSI, Bangalore
78
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER-I: HYDROGEOLOGY and REMOTE SENSING
HYDROGEOLOGY
Hydrologic cycle and origin of groundwater, Hydrologic properties of water

bearing materials, specific yield, specific retention, permeability, porosity, openings in
rocks and types of openings
Subsurface distribution of water:

Zone of aeration and Zone of saturation.
Water table – definition, Water table in granular pervious materials, importance of
water table
Aquifers – Definition, Classification, Aquicludes and Aquifer, Darcy’s law,
Seepage – Definition, Influent and effluent seepage,
Sources, factors controlling the seepage
Springs – definition, Classification
Wells – definition, types of wells
Groundwater recharge structures.
REMOTE SENSING & GIS:
Introduction to aerial photography and Remote Sensing. Parts of aerial photograph,

types of aerial photography. Pocket and mirror steroscope. Basic principles of
Satellite Imageries
Paper – II Indian Mineral Deposits:
Study of the following mineral deposits with mode of occurrence, mineralogy,

genesis, uses and distribution of following mineral deposits:
a) Coal
b) Petroleum
c) Iron & Manganese
d) Aluminium, Chromium
e) Copper, Lead and Zinc
f) Gold
Raw materials used in following Industries: Ceramics, Refractories, Abrasives,

Cement, Paints & Pigments, Building and Decorative stones.
Varieties of Gemstones.
79
Practical I: Interpretation of Water analysis data
Interpretation of water analysis data: Pie, Bar, Stiff diagrams and agricultural
suitability of water using % Na, RSC, SAR,
Determination of pH, EC, TDS and TH
Practical II : Interpretation of Aerial photos Using Stereoscope:
1) Coastal landform, Volcano, River, Forest, Agriculture, Deserts.

2) Indentification of lithounits, drainage and lineaments.
List of books
1. Groundwater C.F.Tolman Mc.Graw Hill Book

2. Hydrology D.K.Todd John Wiley
3. Hydrogeology S.N.David & John Wiley & Sons
Devist R.I.
4. Ground Water H.Raghunath Willey Estern Ltd.
5. Photo Geology S.N.Pandey
6. Aerial Photographic D.R.Leudar
interpretation and applications
7. Manual of M.Thomson,Ed.
photogrammetry
8. Manual of Remote R.G.Reeves, Ed
Sensing
9. Remote Sensing P.S.Siegal & A.R.Gillespie
in Geology
10. Field Geology – Lahee.W.
11. Principles of Geographical information systems by Peter A.Burrough and Rachael
A. McDonnell. Publ. Oxford University Press 1998.
12. An introduction to Geographical information systems by Ian Heywood sarah
cornelins, Steve Carves. Publ. Peecrson Exhibition Asia Text book of Remote
Sensing and Geographical information systems Second Edn. By M.Anji Reddy
BSP BS Pub., Hyderabad.
80
GEOGRAPHY
SEMESTER – V
PAPER – V: PRINCIPLES OF REGIONAL PLANNING
Course structure : One Theory and One Practical

Teaching Theory: 4 Hours per week and one hour 0/ assignment /Seminar /
Discussion.
Practical; 4 hours per week.
Examination: 1) One Theory paper 5 of 80 marks and 20 marks
Internal assessment.
2) One practical of 40 marks of 4 hours duration and 10 marks for viva
and Journal.
Unit-1: Definition, Content and Scope Goals and objectives of

Regional Planning: Regional planning: Need for Regional Planning
Authorities- Government, and non-Government agencies,
Regionalism v/s sectionalism. (15 Hrs)
Unit-2: Concept of Formal, Functional Economic Physical and Planning

Region, Types of Regions, Methods of Rationalization Delineation),
Region: (10 Hrs)
Unit-3: Types of Physical and Economic Planning, Central and

Planning: Decentralized Planning Agricultural land use, Industrial, and
Urban planning. Macro, Micro and Multilevel Planning.
(10 Hrs)
Unit-4: Hierarchy Of Planning Units (level) Functions, Process and
their relevance and effectiveness. (10 Hrs)
Unit-5: Regional Regional Problems and problematic regions Planning for

Imbalance and backward areas, with suitable examples.
Inequalities in India (13 Hrs)
Reference:
1) Regional Planning : R.P.Mishra

2) Regional Geography : Minshull H.
3) Regional Planning in India : Prakash Rao & Sundaram
4) Introduction to Regional Planning : Glasson
5) Urban and Regional Planning in India : Sundaram K.V.
6) Micro-Level Planning & Rural ; Lalit K.Sen
Growth centers
7) Regional Planning : Urs and Nataraj
8) Rural Planning in Developing : Barry Dalal – Clayton and others
Countries
81
PRACTICAL - V (a) - MAP PROJECTIONS
Map Projections- Graphical construction, properties and uses of the following

projections.
1.1 Cylindrical projectors a) Simple cylindrical projections b) Cylindrical Equal

Area Projections C) Mercator’s projection. (12 hours)
10 marks
1.2 Zenithal projections.
a) Polar Zenithal Gnomanie projection.
b) Polar Zenithal Stereographic Projection
c) Polar Zenithal Orthographic Projection
d) Journal & Vivo vice (12 hours)
10 Marks
1.3 Conical projections a) Conical with one std parallel (12 hours)
b) Conical with two std parallel. C) Bonne’s projection 10 marks
1.4. Journal and Viva-Voce 10 marks
1.5 Internal Assessment (Test) 10 marks.
Reference:
1. Elements of Practical Geography - R.L.Singh

2. Practical Geography - Gopal Singh
3. Practical Geography - Singh and Kaniyia
4. Practical Geography - B.S..Negi
5. Practical Geography (Kannada) - M.F.Karennavar
- S.S.Nanjannavar
6. Fundamentals of Cartography - R.P.Misra and A Ramesh
Paper-II: Settlement Geography(With Effect From 2007 –2008 And Onwards)

Teaching Theory: 4 Hours per week and one hour 0/ assignment/ Seminar /
Discussion.
Practical: 4 hours per week.
Examination: 1) One Theory paper 5 of 80 marks and 20 marks Internal assessment.
2) One practical of 40 marks of 4 hours duration and
10 marks for viva and Journal.
82
Paper-V: Settlement Geography
Unit-1: Nature and Scope of rural and Urban Geography. Rural as opposed to urban
: rural depopulation. 10 Hours
Unit-2: Rural Settlement pattern and its types. 5 Hours
Unit-3: Rural Settlement as a service and market center: Integrated rural area
Development Planning. 8 Hours.
Unit-4: Impact of rural migration on agriculture : Interaction between

rural-urban settlement. 8 Hours.
Unit-5: Process of Urbanization: Trends of urbanization in Karnataka and India.

10 Hours
Unit-6: Theories of urban land use : Concentric Ozone Theory and Sector Theory.
8 Hours
Unit-7: Central Business district and its characteristic. 5 Hours.
Unit-8: Urban fringe: Its characteristic and development, Slum formation and
measures Jon clearance. 12 Hours.
Books For Reference
1) Rural settlements in Monsoon Asia : R.L.Singh

2) Introduction to Rural Settlements : R.B.NANDAL
3) Rural Geography – An Introductory Survey : H.D.Clout
4) The study of Urban Geography : H. Carter
5) City and Region : Dickinson R.E.
6) Urban Geography- An Introductory analysis : Johnson S.H.
7) Urban Geography : Mandal R.B.
SEMESTER-V PRACTICAL V (b)

BASIC STATI STICS
1.1. Data Collection, Types of Data: primary and Secondary Data, (8 hours)
4 marks
1.2. Data Tabulation; format of Statistical Table (4 hours)
4 marks
1.3 Sampling : Methods of Sampling (4 hours)
4 marks
1.4 Frequency table and Curve & frequency Polygon and
Histogram Ogive (8hours)
4 marks
1.5 Measures of central Tendency : Mean, Median and Mode (4 hours)
4 marks
1.6 Measures of Dispersion: Range, Quartile Deviation Mean and

Deviation, standard Devaiation and Co-efficient of variation (8 hours)
1.7 Journal and Viva-Voce 5+5 marks
References:
1. Statistical Methods in Geographical Studies : Mohammad Aslam

2. Basic Statistics : S.P.Gupta
3. Statistical Methods in Geography : Taylor
4. Practical Geography : R.L.Singh
5. Statistical Methods for Geographers : Zamir Alvi
6. Practical Geography (Kannada) : M.F.Karennavar &
S.S.Nanjannavar
7. Elementary Statistics : S.P.Gupta
8. Statistical Methods in Geographical Studies : Mohmad Aslam
9. Elements of Practical Geography : R.L.Singh
10. Text Books of Statistics : Bendre
11. Text Books of Statistics : Rajamohan
84
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER-VII: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
Course structure: One Theory and One Practical

Teaching Theory: 4 Hours per week and one hour 0/ assignment / Seminar /
Discussion.
Practical: 4 hours per week.
Examination: 1) One Theory paper 5 of 80 marks and 20 marks Internal
assessment.
and Journal.
Unit: 1.1 Nature, Scope, Content of Human Geography, relationship between
Man and Nature. (8 hrs//week)
Unit -I: 1.2 Recent Trends in Human Geography Different approaches.

(10 hrs//week)
Unit-II: 2.1 Broad Racial groups of the world, bases of there
classification, chief characteristics and distribution pattern.
(10 hrs//week)
Unit-II: 2.2. Impact of environments on the mode of life on the following
Primitive population groups of the world- pygmies, Bushman ,Sakais
semongs, Eskimos, and Kirghis (8 hrs//week)
Unit-III: 2.3. Indian tribal groups-Todas, Gondas Santals, Bhills, Nagas.

(8 hrs//week)
Unit-III: 3.1. Population – pattern of world distribution, Factors influencing the

distribution of population Growth, Trend. (10 hrs/week)
Components of fertility, mortality and mobility (Migration)

(16 hours)
Reference:
1) Perpillou. A. M. : Human Geography

2) Davis K. : Man & Earth
3) Peter Haggett : Locational Analysis in Human Geography
4) Hudson F.S. : A geography of Settlements.
5) Majid Hussain : Human Geography
85
PRACTICAL – VI (a)
BASIC OF COMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATIONS
1.1. Definition of a Computer. Historical Evolution of Computers

(4 hours)
5 marks
1.2.Components of a Computer ; computer Processing Unit
(C.P.U.), monitor, Keyboard, Mouse and Printer (4 hours)
5 marks
1.3 How a Computer Work. Operating System: DOS (Desk
Operating System) and WINDOWS, basic commands of DOS:
command Prompt (C: \ >), Type Command (TYPE), Copy
command (copy) and Rename Command (REN). Basic
commands of WINDOWS; desktop, Task Bar, Start Button,
My computer, starting a Program, Shut down. (12 hours)
12 marks
1.4 MS-WORD: creating a file, Editing a file, Copying a file,
Aligning a text. (2 exercise)
Creating a table, alignment of table, deleting a table,
Inserting rows and columns. ( 3 exercise) (20 hours)
20 marks
1.5 Journal and Viva-Voce (5+5 marks)
Note: The candidate should carryout the laboratory exercise

And include the hand written text as well as its computer printout for the purpose
of journal – record
Reference
1) Principles of Geographic Information

System for Land Resources assessment : Burroughs P.A.
2) The ABC’s of Internet : Cristian Crumtish
3) Computers Today : Sanders B.H.
4) Terrain Analysis in Remote Sensing : John R.G. & Townshed.
5) Internet for Everyone : Leon Vikas Publication.
6) Fundamentals of Computer : Raja Raman V.
7) Introduction top Environmental
Remote Sensing : Barret E.G.
8) Manual of Remote Sensing : Reemious Riffer (ed.)
9) Remote Sensing and its applications : DOI R.D.
10) Remote Sensing in Geographic
Information System : Anji Reddy. M.
11) Concepts and Techniques of
Geographic Information System : C.P.LO, Albert K.W. Yeung.
86
PAPER-8 : ENVIRONEMENTAL GEOGRAPHY

Teaching Theory: 4 Hours per week and one hour 0/ assignment /
Seminar / Discussion.
Practical; 4 hours per week.
Examination: 1) One Theory paper 5 of 80 marks and 20 marks Internal
assessment.
and Journal.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@
1.1.: Definition, Scope and Content of Environment Geography, the Components of

Environment. (5 hours )
1.2 : Ecosystem: Structure and function, and energy flow in the
Ecosystem. (5 hours)
2.1: Biodiversity: Types of biodiversity, uses of biodiversity,

biodiversity at the local, regional and global level. (7 hours)
2.2: Conservation: Levels of destruction of Biodiversity, causes of

threats to biodiversity; Endangered and Endomic species of India.
(8 hours)
3.1: Environmental Pollution: Types of Pollution, Causes and
efforts if pollution, Global Warming, Depletion of Ozone
layer. (7 hours)
3.2; Controlling measures of different types of pollution, controlling urban and
industrial wastes, management of Disaster control.
(8 hours)
4.1: Man and Environment : Inter dependence between man and
Environment Man’s influence on Vegetation, Biotic life,
Climate, Soil and water. (8 hours)
4.2: Population and Environment : Population Explosion and
Environment, Quality Environment and human health.
(6 hours)
Reference
1) Environmental Geography : Savindra Singh

2) Environmental Geography : Saxena H.M.
3) Man and his Environment : Smith R.L.
4) Environment Studies : Asha B.N.
5) ¥Àj¸ÀgÀ ¨sÀÆUÉÆÃ¼À ±Á¸ÀÛç : qÁ|| J¯ï.n.£ÁAiÀÄPï
6) Parisara Bhogol shastra : S.S.Nanjannavar
7) Vayu Malinaya : S.S.Nanjannavar
8) Parisara Bhogal Shastra : M.B.Goudar
87
PRACTICAL-VI (b)
FIELD WORK AND DISSERTATION
A) Preliminary Discussion and selection of the topic.
B) Preparation of Questionnaire.
C) Data collection (Primary/Secondary)
D) Analysis of the Data
E) Report writing … 30 marks
F) Viva-Voce … 10
Note: The concerned teacher should select a topic within the district.
The report should be submitted in typed form.
Reference
1. Research Methodology : B.N.Ghosh

2. Statistical methods in Geography : Hammond & Mc culla
3. Research Methods : Kothari, C.R.
4. Research Methodologyin Geography : R.P.Misra
5. Quantitative Techniques in Geography : Mohammad Sanullah
[\[\
88
HOME SCIENCE
SEMESTER - V
Teaching
Theory 3 hrs per week
Practical 4 hrs per week
Paper V Human Development Examination Theory 80+20 IA
Practical 40+10 IA
Objectives
1. To Acquire knowledge of the process of growth and development
2. To understand variation in development.
3. To understand role of heredity and environment and their
Insurrectionary effect on development.
4. To combat the hazards of behavioral problems.
Theory
1. Introduction to Human Development 1 hrs
2. Principles of human growth and development. 3 hrs
3. conception: stages in prenatal development complications
care during pregnancy. Types of delivery Normal, Caesarean
& forceps Heredity and environmental factors affecting growth
and development, Breast feeding and bottle feeding. 12 hrs
4. Patterns of growth and development during prenatal stage,
Infancy preschool age, school age and adolescence.
(Physical motor, cognitive social and emotional development)
Teaching aids to facilitate the development during
Preschool age. 26 hrs
5. Discipline need and techniques. 3 hrs
6. Behavior problems in preschool children and adolescents. 5 hrs
Practicals
1. Anthropometrics measurements. 2 Pract
2. Preparation of teaching aids for preschool children. 8 Pract
a) Low cost teaching aid
b) Low cost Play material
c) Resource album.
3. Visit to antenatal clinic / Remand home / Anganwadi Teachers 5 Pract
Training center, Anganwadi & Preschool.
References
1. Horlock Human Development
2. suryakanthi child development
3. Devads .R. Child development
4. Horlock Adolscent development.
89
Paper VI Family Resource Management
Objectives
1. To Develop understanding of the principles of Home Management.
2. To understand the principles of family resource management.
3. To increase their ability for successful management of resources.
Theory
1. Meaning of home management 2 hrs
2. Process of management 3 hrs
3. Qualities of good home maker 3 hrs
4. Decision making steps in decision making 4 hrs
5. Goals, values and standard of living 5 hrs
6. Resources Classification
a) Management of Time as a Resource 2 hrs
b) Human energy as a resource 5 hrs
Fatique causes types and remedies
To overcome fatique. 6 hrs
7. Work simplification definition techniques 5 hrs

8. Money as a resource types of income
Ways of supplementing family income. 11 hrs
Family Budget- definition limtation advantages steps in
Budget making.
Maintenance of accounts savings.
9. Consumer education meaning information & source. 4 hrs
Practicals
1. Analysis of daily routine sequence of maintaining

& evaluating time records. 3 practicals
2. Analysis of household task by process and pathway chart. 2 practicals
3. Demonstration of operation, cleaning & care of appliances. 7 practicals
I. Non electrical pressure cooker sewing machine,

Janta sheetak chopper haybox.
II. Electrical mixer, refrigerator washing machine oven, Grinder,
Juicer portable blender.
III. Fuel saving solar cooker, smokeless chulla.
4. Budget plans for low middle and high income families. 3 practicals
References
1. Varghese Home Management

2. Nickell & Dorsey J.M Management in family living
3. Sinanums C. The Management of family Resources W.H.Frumen & Co.
4. Andrew Economics of Household.
90
SEMESTER – VI
Teaching
Theory 3 hrs per week
Practical 4 hrs per week
Paper VII Marriage, Family & Childhood Education
Objectives
1. To Acquire knowledge of organization of preschools.

2. To understand the exceptional children and teaching of teaching them.
3. To acquire skills of good marriage partner and responsible member of family.
4. To study the interpersonal relation involved in marriage and family life
during different stages.
5. To understand the causes and consequences of family disorganization.
Theory
1. Preschool education objective, types of Preschool, Impact of

Impact of preschool education on growth and
development of children. 5 hrs
Curriculum planning for nursery school creative activities
nature and science experiments, Qualities of nursery school teacher.
6 hrs
2. Play Meaning types and values. 3 hrs
3. Exceptional children types heredity and environmental
Cases of exceptionality special education for gifted mentally
Setarded, blind speech impaired and deaf. 11 hrs
4. Marriage
a) Function forms and types
Criteria for mate selection marital adjustments Guidance
& Counseling. 8 hrs
b) Legal aspects of marriage 9 hrs
I. Hindu ,Muslim and Christian marriage & divorce act
II. Antidowry act
III. Hindu succession act
IV. Adoption act
V. Suppression of immoral traffic
5. Family definition, types functions family life cycle. 3 hrs
6. Family disorganization Divorce
Adultery, Alcoholism, Childlessness. 3 hrs
91
Practicals
1. Psrticipation in preprimary school 14 Practicals

a) Time table for nursery participation
b) Story telling session
c) Rhyme session
d) Creative activities
e) Nature & Science experiments
2. Visit to exceptional children school/ Rehabilitation

Centres / Old age home. 2 Practicals
Reference:
Read – The Nursery School Oxford & TBH Publishing Co. Calicut.
Devdas – P.P & Jaya N.A. Text book on child Deot.
Paper VIII housing and Interior Decoration
Objectives
1. To acquire knowledge about Housing and Principles for selection of house.

2. To learn about House plans.
3. To apply elements & principles of Art in Interior decoration.
4. To gain knowledge about selection of furniture and furnishing material.
5. To learn about the selection of light accessories & flower arrangement
In home decoration.
Theory
1. Housing
a) Selection of site and Housing
b) Principles of Housing
c) Classification of Residential building Independent Twin,
Row, Apartments & Skyscrapers. 10 hrs
2. Interior Decoration
a) Design Structural & Decorative Design 2 hrs
b) Elements of Art Line form space colour texture
Pattern & light 4 hrs
c) Principles of Art Proportion balance Emphasis Rhythm
& harmony 4 hrs
d) Selection of furniture and its arrangement 3 hrs
e) Methods of lighting in Interior decoration 2 hrs
f) Classification and importance of accessories in Decoration 3 hrs
g) Flower arrangement Materials used care of flowers
And styles in arrangement. 4 hrs
92
3. Art of Entertaining and etiquette planning & organizing parties
Invitations, Acceptance and menu planning. 4 hrs
4. Selection of table ware and table setting for
Indian Western & buffet style. 4 hrs
Practicals
1. House plans Low Middle & High Income groups 3 practical

2. Kitchen plans Types 1 ”
3. Elements & Principles of Design/ Art 3 ”
4. Furniture Arrangements & Materials used for
making furniture. 1 ”
5. Preparation of functional & Decorative accessories 1 ”
6. Flower arrangement 1 ”
7. Preparation of invitation acceptance, greeting thank you
Cards and book mark. 2 ”
8. Arranging formal & informal party 3 ”
Reference Book:
1. Byer G.H. “ Housing A Factual Analysis ”
Mc. Millan Co. New Delhi.
2. Deshpande R.S. “ Modern Ideal Homes for Indian ”
UBC, New Delhi.
3. Dorothy sara “The collier quick and easy guide to etiquate”
4. Gross I.H. & Grandalh E.W. “ Management for Modern
Families” Storling Publisher Pvt. Ltd Delhi.
5. Put A.H. “ Home Furnishing”

6. Goldsteen & Goldsteen “ Art in Everyday life”
7. Interior decoration magazine.
8. inside outside magazines.
[\[\
93
INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
SEMESTER – V
IC: 5.1 Industrial Chemistry (Paper-I)
No.of hours per week :5 Theory: 80 Marks

Total No.of hours : 40 IA : 20 Marks
Industrial organization, economics

1) Concepts of scientific management in industry
2) Functions of management, decision making, planning, organizing, directing and
control
3) Location of industry
4) Materials management
5) Inventory control
6) Management of human resources –selection, incentives, welfare & safety
20 Hrs
Industrial Economics:
1) Factors involved in project cost estimation methods employed for the
estimation of capital investment. 4 Hrs
2) Capital formation, elements of cost accounting 3 Hrs
3) Interest & investments, cost, time value of money equivalence. 3 Hrs
4) Depreciation, methods of determining depreciation, taxes. 2 Hrs
5) Some aspects of marketing, pricing policy . 2 Hrs
6) Profitability criticism, economics, selecting alternatives with examples.
2 Hrs
7) Variation of cost with capacity, break-even point optimum batch sizes,
production, scheduling with some typical examples. 4 Hrs
94
IC: (Pr):5.3 Practicals in Industrial chemistry.
Total No.of hours/week: 4 Hrs. Pract. : 40 marks

Total No.of Hours: 52 Hrs I A. : 10 marks
Industrial Analysis:
Analysis of common raw materials used in General/Pharmaceutical industries.
1)Phenol
2)Aniline
3)Formaldehyde
4)Hydrogen peroxide
5)Acetone
6)Olefins
7)Epoxides
8)Oils
IC:5.2 Industrial Chemistry(Paper-II)
No.of hours per week: 3 Theory: 80 Marks

Total No.of hours: 40 IA : 20 Marks
1) Phytochemicals: - Introduction to plant classification & crude drugs.

Cultivation, collection, preparation for the market & storage of medicinal
plants 4 Hrs
2) Quantitative microscopic exercises, including starch, leaf content (palisade
ratio, stromatal number & indes vein islet number &vein termination number)
crude fiber content. Introduction to chromatographic method of identification
of crude drugs
7 Hrs
3) Chemical constitution of plants – including carbohydrates, amino acids,
proteins, fats. Waxes, volatile oils, terpenoids, steroids, saponins flavoriods
tannins glycosides, alkaloids. 8 Hrs
4) Various isolation procedures for active ingredients with example for alkaloid,
eg. vincaalkaloids, reserpine, one, one for steroids sapagenim, disogenin,
diagroh. Pharmaceutical quality, Sterility testing, pyrogenic, glass testing,
bulk density of powders etc. 8 Hrs
5) Products based on fermentation processes. Brief ideas of microgram sms,
their structure growth & usefulness, enzyme system useful for ransformation,
microbial products general principal of fermentation process & product
processing. Manufacture of antibiotics – penicillin –G & semi synthetic
penicillin’s rifamycin tetracyclins, vitamin B12
Biotransformation processes: For prednisolone,11-hydroxylation in steroids
Enzyme catalyzed transformation ,manufacture of ephidrene
13 Hrs
95
IC (Pr): 5.4 Practicals in Industrial chemistry.
Total No.of hours/week:4 Hrs. Pract. : 40 marks

Total No.of Hours:52 Hrs I A. : 10 marks
Part-I
Active ingredient analysis of the following types of formulation/drugs
1)Aspirin
2)Ascorbic acid
3)Ibuprofen
4)CPM (4-Practicals)
Practicals-II
2-Stage organic preparations of the following drugs
1)Sulfanilamide
2)PABA (4 practicals)
96
SEMESTER – VI
IC: 6.1 Industrial Chemistry(Paper-I)
No.of hours per week: 3 Theory : 80 Marks

Total No.of hours: 40 I A : 20 Marks
Chemical analysis:
1) Sampling procedures: sampling of bulk materials 2 Hrs
2) Techniques of sampling: solids, liquids and gases and processing of data
3 Hrs
3) Chromatography: paper chromatography, TLC, GLC, HPLC 7 Hrs
4) Particle size determination 2 Hrs
5) Infra Red Absorption Spectroscopy:
Introduction, origin of IR spectra. Principle of IR spectroscopy, instrumentation,
operation, measurement, assignment of IR band application 4 Hrs
6) Ultra violet & visible spectroscopy:

Introduction, origin of u.v absorption spectra, instrumentation, operation,
methodology in uv spectrometric analysis. 5 Hrs
7)Atomic absorption spectroscopy:

Introduction & principle, instrumentation, operation measurement of atomic
absorption, advantages & limitations. 4 Hrs
8) Ion Selective Electrodes: Introduction, Principle, Instumentation, and Measurment.

4 Hrs
9) Neutron diffraction: Introduction Principle, Instrumentation, and Measurment.
4 Hrs
10) Ion exchange techniques:
Introduction ,principle ,experiments ,operation, advantages 4 Hrs
IC(Pr):6.3 Practicals in Industrial chemistry.
Total No.of hours/week:4 Hrs. Pract. : 40 marks

Total No.of Hours:52 Hrs I A. : 10 marks
INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

Colorimetry
PH -meter
Potentiometer
Conductometry
Flame photometry
Nephelo-Turbidity
K-F Titration
97
IC:6.2 Industrial Chemistry(Paper-II)
No.of hours per week: 3 Theory: 80 Marks

Total No.of hours: 40 IA : 20 Marks
1) Pharmacopeias: - development of Indian pharmacopeia & introduction to B.P,
U.S.P, E.P, N.F & Other important pharmacopoeias. 3 Hrs
Introduction to various types of formulations & roots of administration.Aseptic

conditions, need for sterilization. 2 Hrs
2) Various types of pharmaceutical excipients: -

Their chemistry, process of manufacture & quality, specification,-Glidants,
lubricants, diluents, preservation ,Antioxidants, Emulsifying agent, Gelatin and
other Additives, Sorbitol, Mannitol, Viscosity, Builders etc 7 Hrs
3) Surgical, dressing-Sutures, ligatures- with respect to the process, Equipment

used for manufacture methods of Sterilization and quality control.
4 Hrs
4) Pharmaceutical packing—Introduction, packing selection, packing materials,
ancillary material, packing machinery- Quality control of packing materials.
6 Hrs
5) Classification of various types of drugs with examples:
Raw materials, process of manufacture, effluent handling etc of the following
bulk drugs.
1) Sulpha drugs – Sulpha guanidine, sulpha methoxazole.
2) Anti microbial Chlormphenicol, Mercurochrome, isoniazid, Na-P A S.
3) Anti algesic – Anti inflammatory, Salicylic acid and its derivatives, Ibuprofen,
Mefanamic acid.
4) Steroidal Hormones – Progesterone, Testosterone.
5) Barbiturates- Pentobarbital.
6) Blockers – Propranolol, Atenolol.
7) Cardiovascular agents – Methyldopa.
8) Antihistamines – Chlorpheniramine maleate. 16 Hrs
IC(Pr):6.4 Practicals in Industrial chemistry.
Total No.of hours/week:4 Hrs. Pract. :40 marks

Total No.of Hours:52 Hrs I A. :10 marks
1. Demonstration of various pharmaceutical packing materials, quality control test of

some materials: - aluminum strips, cartons, glass bottles.
2. Limit tests for chlorine, heavy metals, arsenic etc of two representatives of bulk
drugs.
3. Microbiological testing: - determination of M.I.C of some antibacterial drugs by
zone / cup plate method
4. Determination of Sulfate,Ash,Loss on drying
98
5. Evaluation of crude drugs:
Determination and identification of Starch granules, Calcium oxalate, Palisate
ratio, Stomatal index.
Note:
1. Industrial study tour is compulsory in II-Semester and IV-Semester. It should be
submitted during practical examinations IC(Pr)2.2 and IC(Pr)4.2. The report
carries 5-Marks.
2. In the final year the student is expected to under go inplant training for a period of
four weeks in an Industry and submit the desertation on a specific project
assigned at the time of practical examination at IC(Pr)6.3 and IC(Pr)6.4 the report
carries 30-Marks(15-Marks from each practical) .
Reference Books:
1. Chemistry of Cellulose, Heuser E.,Gulf Publishing co.Houston.

2. Chemical Process Principles Part-I,D.A.Haugen, K.M.Watson, R.A.Ragatz,Asia
Pub.,House,Bombay.
3. Catalysis Science&Tech.,Anderson. J.,ELBS.
4. Phase transfer catalysis,Principles and Techniques.,Starlose C.,ELBS
5. Science of Ceramics chemical processing.,Hench.L.L.
6. Corrosion Cases and prevention,Spellur F.N.
7. Unit process in organic synthesis, P.H.Groggine.,McGraw-Hill Book Co.,New York.
8. Effluent Treatment in Process Industries.,Inst. Of Chem.Engg.
9. Industrial Instrumentation.,D.P.Eckman,John-wileys&Sons.
10. Instrumentation and Control for the process industries.,S.Borer,Elsevier Applied Science
publishers.
11. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry.,W.O.Foye,Lea and Febigen Publication.,Philadephia.
12. Text book of medicinal and Pharmaceutical chemistry., Wilson, Gisvold Derge, Lippinett-
Toppan.
13. Organic chemistry of Drug Synthesis, Daniel Leadnice &L.A. Mitscher, Wiley
Interecience.
14. An introduction to Synthetic Drugs, P.P.Singh and D.N.Rangnekar,Himalaya
Publication,Bombay.
15. Pesticides-Colour Publications.,Bombay.
16. Chemistry of insecticides and fungicides.,U.S. Shree Ramulu.,Oxford and IBH
Publishing Co.,New Delhi.
17. Chemistry of insecticides., N.N.Melnikov, Springer Verlag, New York.
18. Pharmaceutical Excipients.
[\[\
99
INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
SEMESTER - V
PAPER 5.1 - ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

1. Introduction
Soil, water and air as habitats for micro organisms and concept of environment,
microbial populations in the above habitats. (2 hrs)
2. Microbiology of soil
a) Introduction : Soil types, profile, physical and chemical characters.
b) Soil microorganisms: bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae,
protozoa and viruses.
c) Role of microorganisms in soil processes: Biogeochemical cycles -
Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorous.
d) Rhizosphere microorganisms: Rhizosphere and Rhizoplane.
e) Plant - microbe interaction: Mycorhizae.
f) Soil pollution: Sources, effects and control measures. (12 hrs)
3. Microbiology of air
g) Microbes and atmosphere: Atmospheric layers, sources of microorganisms,
air micro-flora of indoor and outdoors, factors affecting air micro-flora (nutrition,
radiation, PH and temperature). Significance of air borne microbes - their control
and management.
h) Techniques of trapping air borne microorganisms: Impingement in

liquids and impacting solids (Bead bubbler device, Petri plate exposure, Hirst
spore trap, Rotorod sampler). Air borne diseases. Biohazards in occupational
environment. (12 hrs)
4. Microbiology of water
i) Sources of water: (Surface and ground water) and their microbial
contents.
j) Water pollution: Sources and water borne diseases - viral,
bacterial and protozoan. Biological indicators of water pollution,
k) Determination of sanitary quality of water: SPC, tests for coliform,
MPN,IMViC reactions, membrane filter technique.
i) Water purification in municipal water supply. (12 hrs)
5. Microbiology of waste water

m) Introduction: Sources of waste water (domestic, agricultural and
Industrial). Physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of
Wastewater,
n) Wastewater treatment: Single dwelling unit - septic tank,
municipal wastewater treatment - primary, secondary, tertiary and
reclamation of wastewater.
100
o) Solid waste recycling; Anaerobic digestion process, biogas and
composting
p) Bioleaching, bioremediation and biodegradation (Petroleum-
hydrocarbons, Pesticides - 2,4-D and DDT) (in brief) (12 hrs)
PRACTICAL 5.2 - ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

1. Isolation of microorganisms from soil, air and water.
2. Enumeration of bacterial number by turbidometry.
3. Total count and MPN of bacteria from water sample.
4. Measurement of chloride, phosphate and nitrate in water sample.
5. Estimation of solids in sewage
6. Estimation of BOD, COD and dissolved O2 from water samples.
7. Measurement of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite uptake by
microorganisms.
8. Demonstration of sewage treatment plants.
References:
Alexander, M. "Introduction to Soil Microbiology" Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
Colwod, D 1999 "Microbial Diversity" Academic Press.
Hurst, G.H. "'Environmental Microbiology" ASM Press Washington D.C.
Peleczar, M.J., Chan, E.C.S and Krieg, N.R. - 1982 "Microbiology" Tata MaGraw
H i l l Book Co. New York.
Prescott. Lansing, M., Harley John P and Klein Donald, A "Microbiology"

WCB.McGraw Hill New York.
Ralph Mitchell 1995 "Environmental Microbiology" Wiley and Sons. New York.
Salle, A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi.
Singh, D.P. and S.K. Dwivedi 'Environment Microbiology and Biotechnology,

New Age Industrial Publishers.
Starrier, R.Y. In graham J.L "General Microbiology" Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd..
New Delhi.
Subbarao, N.A. "Soil microorganisms and plant growth" Oxford and IBH
Publications Co. New Delhi
101
PAPER 5.3 - FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
PART A: FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. Food and microorganisms

Food as a substrate for microorganisms, sources of contamination of food.
(2 hrs)
2. Food spoilage and Poisoning
Spoilage of canned, food, cereals, fruits, vegetables, meat and fish, food sanitation
and control.
Food Poinsoning: Endotoxin, Staphyiococcal poisoning, Botullism.Tetanus and
Salmonellosis.
Mycotoxins: Aflatoxins produced in stored food and grains (8 hrs)
3. Fermented Food: Soya Sauce, olives, idli. butter milk, sour, cream and
Yoghurt, cheese, Kefir.
(4 hrs)
4. Food Preservation
Principles of food preservation, physical and chemical methods. (4 hrs)
5. Microbiology of milk
Sources of milk contamination, methods to detect microbial spoilage by SPC.
Reductase test, Biochemical changes of milk, souring, Gassy formation.
Proteolysis, Lipolysis, Ropiness, Phosphatase test, Clot on boiling test, Starter
culture and its role. (5 hrs)
6. Methods of preservation of milk and milk products

Pasteurization and sterilization. (2 hrs)
PART B: AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY

1. Soil management's practices and crop rotation. (2 hrs)
3. Microorganisms in Agriculture
a) Biofertilizers: Types (Bacterial, fungal, phosphate solubilizers. BGA, Plants-Azolla);

kinds of association, mode of application and merits.
b) Mechanism of nitrogen fixation : Biochemistry, Genetics and physiology of

nitrogen fixation, symbiotic - Rhizobium, Non symbiotic - Azotobacter BGA and
Associative - Azospirulum Associations
c) Biopesticides: Types (Bacterial - Bacillus thuringiensis, Viral-NPV. Fungal

Trichoderma), Mode of action, Factors influencing; genes involved and
target pest. (13 hrs)
102
3. Microbes as plant pathogens:
A brief account of the causative agent, symptoms, and control of the following
plant diseases: Viral diseases (TMV. Katte diseases of Cardomam) Bacterial
diseases (Blight of Paddy, Citrus canker. Soft root of Potato). Fungal diseases
(Tikka of ground nut, Rust of wheat) (10 hrs)
PRACTICAL 5.4
FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Isolation and identification of microbes from infected fruits vegetables and
cereals.
2. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from curd. idli. butter and stored
foods - Jams. Jellies, Sauce and Pickles.
3. Bacterial examination of milk by SPC and DMC methods.
4. Mehylene blue reduction test for quality assessment of milk.
5. Estimation of fat content in milk Gcrber's method.
6. Estimation of lactose in milk.
7. Estimation of lactic acid from curd sample.
8. Isolation and identification of microbes from Rhizoshphere and Rhizoplane.
9. Study of Rhizobium from legume root nodules (Gram staining) and isolation of
Rhizobium (using yeast extract mannitol Agar) and Azotobacter (using
Ashby's mannitol agar)
10. Isolation of actinomycetes from soil using Glucose Asparagine Agar by plate
method.
11. Study of antagonism between soil microorganisms by plate method.
12. Study of aflatoxin by Aspergillus flavus.
13. Study of plant pathogens based on theory (through charts).
References:
1. Banwart, G.J. 1987 "'Basic Food Microbiology" CBS Publishers and
Distributors New Delhi.
2. Betty C. Hobbs "Food Microbiology" Arnold-Heinamann Publishing Private

Ltd. New Delhi.
3. Casida. Jr. L.E. (1996) Industrial Microbiology New Age International

Publishers New Delhi.
103
4. Colwod. D 1999 "Microbial Diversity" Academic Press.
5. Frazier and Westhoif "Food Microbiology" Tata McGraw Hill Publication Co.
Ltd. New Delhi.
6. Hammer B.W. and Babai "Dairy Microbiology" Prentice Hall Incorporated

London.
7. Jay, J.M.'Modern Food Microbiology" CBS Publishers and Distributors. New

York.
8. Pelezar. M.J., Chan. E.C.S and Krieu. N.R. - 1982 "Microbiology" Tata
MaGravv Hill Book Co. New York.
9. Prescott. Lansing, M.. Harley John P and Klein Donald, A "Microbioloay"

WCB. McGraw Hill New York.
10. Reed. G. 1982 'Industrial Microbiology" MacMillan Publications Ltd.

Wisconsin.
11. Ribonson R.K. 1990 "Dairy microbiology" Elsevier Application Dieness
London.
12. Salle. A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing Company Ltd.. New Delhi.
13. Stanier, R.Y. Ingraham J.L '"General Microbiology" Prentice Hall of India Pvt
Ltd., New Delhi.
14. Varnam A.H. and Evans M.G. "Food borne Pathogens" Wolfe Publishing
House. London.
15. Waites Michael J. Morgan Neil L. Rockey John S. and Gray Higton.
"Industrial Microbiology - An Introduction" Blackwell Science. Delhi.
104
SEMESTER - VI
PAPER 6.1 - INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

1. History scope and development of Industrial Microbiology (1hr)
2. Isolation and screening of industrially important microorganisms (2 hrs)
3. Strain improvement methods. (2 hrs)
4. Types of industrial fermentation process

Batch, continuous, surface, submerged and solid state fermentation. (4 hrs)
5. Media components and formulation Crude media components, Anti foam

agents, Precursors, Inducers, Inhibitors and Buffering agents. (2 hrs)
6. Sterilization of media and raw materials, maintenance of sterility at critical

points during fermentation. Inoculums preparation. (2 hrs)
7. Scale up of fermentation process

Parameters used in scale up and problems associated with scale up. control
of process parameters - PH, temperature. O/R potential, aeration, agitation
and contamination. (4 hrs)
8. Fermentors
Basic structures, construction and various types - Air lift, Tower. Bubble cap.
Roto fermentor and vinegar generation. (7 hrs)
9. Down stream processing

Recovery of fermented broth, filtration. Disintegration of ceils, purification and
concentration methods and by products. (4 hrs)
10. Industrial production of chemicals

Alcohol, beer, lactic acid, protease, cephalosporin. insulin. (6 hrs)
11. Production of single cell proteins and single cell oils and their applications.
(2 hrs)
12. Production of vaccines- Polio. BCG. and DNA vaccines (4 hrs)
13. Immobilization of cells and enzymes. (3 hrs)
14. Recent trends in diagnostics, biosensors and biochips. (5 hrs)
15. Quality control assurance. (2 hrs)
105
PRACTICAL 6.2
INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from industrial effluents.
2. Production of IAA by soil fungi
3. Production of amino acids by soil fungi
4. Production and detection afla toxin from fungi.
5. Production of wine from grapes.
6. Estimation of alcohol content by specific gravity method.
7. Production of citric acid from fungi
8. Estimation of citric acid by titrimetric method.
9. Study of different types of fermentors.
10. Visit to research centers / Institutions / Industries.
Note: A report on the Project/ Industrial visit should be written and submitted along
with practical record.
References:
1. Colwod. D (999 "Microbia! Diversity" Academic Press.
2. Prescott. Lansing, M., Harley John P and Klein Donald. A "Microbiology"

WCB. McGraw Hill New York.
3. Salle, A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Hill

4. Stanier, R.Y. In graham J.L "General Microbiology" Prentice Hall of India Pvt
Ltd., New Delhi.
PAPER 6.3
IMMUNO TECHNOLOGY, TISSUE CULTURE AND REGULATIONS

GOVERNING BIOTECHNOLOGY
PART A: IMMUNO TECHNOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. History and scope of Immunology (2hrs)
2. Immunity
Types - Natural, Acquired, Active and passive (2 hrs)
3. Cells and organs of Immune system. (3 hrs)
106
4. Antignes;
Nature and types, Factors influencing antigenicity. (3hrs)
5. Antibodies / Immunoglobulins
Structures, types, properties and functions of immunoglobulins. (3hrs)
6. Antigen and Antibody reactions

Agglutination, Precipitation, complement fixation test, Neutralization test,
Opsonization, Gel diffusion techniques. Immuno electrophoresis, Labelled
antibodies, RIA, ELISA, Immuno flourscent techniques.
(6 hrs)
7. Primary and secondary immuno Response

Hypersensitivity Type I, 11, III, IV and V. (4 hrs)
8. Production of monoclonal antibodies by Hybridoma technology. (2 hrs)
PART B: TISSUE CULTURE AND REGULATION GOVERNING

BIOTECHNOLOGY
Total Hours Allotted: 25
1. Introduction to Plant and Animal cell culture (2 hrs)
2. Plant cell growth medium compositions

Use of growth regulators and their effect on cell growth, differentiations and
Organizations. (2 hrs)
3. Callus- Cell suspension and embryo Culture Regeneration of shoots and roots
ovary and endosperm culture. (2 hrs)
4. Micro propagation, clonal propagation of allied species. Auxiliary bud shoots

tip and meristem culture, applications of micro propagation. (4 hrs)
5. In vitro haploids and their applications, soma clonal variations and

applications. (2 hrs)
6. Protoplast fusion, somatic hybridization and its applications. (2 hrs)
7. Basic techniques of animal cell culture and their applications. (3 hrs)
8. Applications of animal cell culture in production of proteins,

regenerative medicine and vaccines. (4 hrs)
9. Biotechnology programmes and regulations

Role of international organizations in Biotechnology, Governmental
regulations of recombinant DNA research regulation for disposal of Bio
hazardous material, patenting of Bio-technological processes and products
and patent laws. (4 hrs)
107
PRACTICAL 6.4
IMMUNO TECHNOLOGY, TISSUE CULTURE AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING
BIOTECHNOLOGY
1. Isolation of lymphocytes from blood samples.

2. Precipitation of serum proteins.
3. Detection of Blood groups.
4. Detective interaction of Antigen and Antibody (WIDAL, VDRL test)
5. Titration of Antigen and Antibody
6. Total RBC and WBC count.
7. Estimation of hemoglobin content of blood.
8. Demonstration of RIA and ELISA.
9. Preparation of plant and animal tissue culture media.
10. Callus induction using plant explains
11. Demonstration of organ cultures, Micro-propagation, organogensis and anther
culture.
12. Protoplast isolation using enzymatic methods.
13. Study of cell suspension culture and its growth (Haemocytometre method and
pocked cell volume)
14. Preparation of synthetic seeds from plant material.
15. Culture of lymphocytes from blood samples.
16. Cloning of animal cell by cell and colony purification.
17. Fusion of cultured cells with myeloma cells.
References:
IMMUNO TECHNOLOGY:
1. Abbas Abdul K. Lightman Andrew K and Pober Jordan S. "Cellular and
Molecular Immunology" \VB Saunders Co. Philadelphia.
2. Goldsby Richard A, Kindt Thomas J and Osborne Barbara A. "Kuby
Immunology" WH Freeman and Co. New York.
3. Greenwood, David. Richards,C and Slack B. "Medical Microbiology" ELBS
Churchill Livingstone.
4. Jawetz, Mehiek. Adelberg, Brooks, Butel and Orston ''Medical Microbiology"
Prentice
5. Hall Inc. London.
6. Kenneth Jr. "Medical Microbiology - Introduction to Infection Diseases"
Prentice Hall International.
7. Rajesh Bhatra R ""Essentials of Medical Microbiology" Jayjee Bros.
108
8. Roitt, I.M. "Essentials of Immunology'' ELBS Blackvvell Scientific Publishers
London. Shetty, N 1994 "Immunology - Introductory Text Book New Agra.
9. Topley and Wilson "Principles of Bacteriology, Virology and Immunity" Idward
Arnold.
TISSUE CULTURE AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING BIOTECHNOLOGY:
1. Bhan 1998, "Tissue culture", Mittal publication, New Delhi.
2. Douglas.J. and Slekh '"Medical Bacteriology" Churchill Livingstone.
3. Goldsby Richard A, Kindt Thomas J and Osborne Barbara A. "Kuby Immunology"

WH Freeman and Co. New York.
4. Ian Freshney 2001 "Culture of animal cells" 3rd edition Wiley Lis.
5. Jawetz, Mehick. Adelberg. Brooks, Butel and Orston "Medical Microbiology"

Prentice
6. Hall Inc. London.
7. Kenneth Jr. "Medical Microbiology - Introduction to Infection Diseases" Prentice

Hall International.
8. Lydiane Kyte and Jhon Kleyn, 1996. Plants from test tubes - An
Introduction to Micro propagation III edition, Timber press Portland.
9. M.K. Sateesh 2003. Biotechnology 5. New age international publishers Patel,

A.H. 1984, Industrial Microbiology.
10. Peleczar, M.I. Chan. ECS. and Krieg N.R. "Microbiology" McGraw Hill Book Co.
New York,
11. Prescot, S.C, and Dunn, C. 1984, Industrial Microbiology, McGraw Hill, New
York.
12. Rajesh Bhatra R "Essentials of Medical Microbiology" Jayjee Bros.
13. Roitt, I.M. "Essentials of Immunology" ELBS Blackwell Scientific Publishers

London.
14. Shetty. N 1994 "Immunology - introductory Text Book New Agra.

15. Shrivastava P.S. "Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Biology"
Application and prospects. Narosa publishing house, New Delhi.
16. Topley and Wilson principles of Bacteriology, Virology and Immunity" Id

ward Arnold.Greenwood, David. Richards,C and Slack B. "Medical
Microbiology" ELBS Churchill Livingstone.
[\[\
109
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
SEMESTER - V
Paper 5.1:Library Management - I
Unit-I Management of Library

Meaning, Concept, definitions, objectives and functions.
Unit-II. Principals of Management
Management schools of thought
Classical, Behavioral and Modern. Principals of Management and their
application to libraries.
Unit-III Book Section and Acquisition
Meaning, definition, need, purpose and principals of book selection
Book selection tools.
Acquisition of books and other reading materials.
Unit-IV Processing work
Preparation of books for use
Accessioning, classifying, cataloguing, Labeling, filing of catalogue
cards etc.
Unit-V Maintenance and Preservation
Methods of shelving and displaying
Stock verification and its methods.
Importance of stock verification in libraries
Selected Reading:
1. Krishan Kumar
Library Management
New-Delhi Vikas,1987
2. Mittal R.I
Library Administration: Theory and Practice
NewDelhi: Metropolitan book house:1986.
3. Ranganathan S.R.
Library Administration
Bangalore: Sharada Ranganathan Endowment: 1998.
4. Evans, G. Edward
Management Techniques for Librarians
Newyork: Academic press; 1976
5. Katz W.A
Collection Development Selection of Materials for Libraries
Newyork: HRW; 1980
6. Kumar P.S.G.
Management of Library and Information Centres
Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation; 2003.
110
Paper 5.2 Basics in Organistion of Knowledge in Libraries (Theory)
Unit-1: Library Classification

Meaning, Definition, Nature and purpose.
Knowledge, Classification and Book Classification
Unit2: Schemes of Classification

Standard schemes of classification and their features: DDC & CC
Mapping of universe of knowledge in DDC & CC.
Unit3: Schemes of Library classification

Purely enumerative scheme;
Almost enumerative scheme;
Almost faceted scheme;
Fully but rigidly faceted scheme;
Almost fully faceted scheme; and
Fully faceted or Analytic- Synthetic scheme.
Unit4: Basic Laws of Library Classification

Basic Laws
Fundamental Laws
Canons
Principles: Types of Notation& Five Fundamental Categories.
Unit 5: The concept of phase relations and Devices.
Selected Readings:
1) Ranganthan, S. R. Prolegamena to Library classification, ed.2 London

LA,1965.
2) Krishan Kumar: Theory of classification, Ed.2.NewDelhi,Vikas, 2003.
3) Ranganthan, S.R. Elements of Library classification, Bangalore; sarada
Ranganathan, Endowment for library science, 1998
4) Dhyanin, Puspa, Library classification: Theory and Principals, New Delhi
Vishwa, 1998.
5) Rout, R.K.: Library Classification, Orissa: Knowledge Industry, 1997.
6) PSG Kumar: Knowledge Organisation Information processing and
Retrieval(Theory),Delhi: B.R, Publishing Corporation,2003.
5.3 Organisation of Knowledge in Libraries (Practical)
1. Classification of Simple Documents according to DDC

2. Classification of Compound Documents according to DDC.
111
SEMSTER – VI
Paper 6.1: Library Management-II
Unit-I Periodical selection and acquisition

Meaning, definition, Need and Purpose.
Periodical/serial selection Tools
Acquisition of periodicals and other Non-book materials.
Display of periodicals.
Unit-II Human Resource Planning and Management

Meaning, definitions and functions.
Job description, job Analysis and Job evaluation.
Recruitment Procedures
Training and Development.
Unit-III Circulation of books and other reading materials.

Functions of circulation section
Borrowers registration
Circulation methods such as Browne and Network Charging System
Records and Statistics, Overdue Charges
Unit-IV Library Finance and Budget

Sources of Finance and Resource Mobilization
Allocation of funds
Budget; Meaning, definitions, TIPS and purpose.
Types of budget: Zero and Line budget.
Unit-V Library Committees and Authorities

Composition of committees
Duties and Responsibilities
Library Rules
Annual Report.
Selected Reading:
.
1. Krishan Kumar
Library Management
New Delhi: Vikas, 1987
2. Mittal R.L
Library Administration: Theory and Practice
New Delhi: Metropolitan book house; 1986.
3. Ranganathan S.R
Library Administration
Bangalore: Sharada Ranganathan Endowment; 1998.
4. Evans, G. Edward
Management Techniques for Librarians
Newyork: HRW; 1976
112
5. Katz W.A
Collection Development Selection of Materials for Libraries
Newyork: HRW ; 1980
6. Kumar P.S.G
Management of Library and Information Centres
Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation; 2003.
Paper .6.2 Basics in Organization of Knowledge in Libraries - II (Theory)
Unit 1: Library Catalogue:

Meaning, Definition, Need, Purpose and Function.
Unit 2: Physical forms of library catalogue:
Outer forms
Inner forms
Unit 3: History of Catalogue Codes:
• CCC
• AACR-2
• Kinds Of Entries
• Main Entries
• Added Entries
Unit 4: Bibliographic Description:
ISBD(M)
Subject cataloguing
Unit 5: Normative Principles
• Canons
• Laws
• Principles
Selected readings:
1) Girija Kumar and Krishankumar. Theory of Cataloguing, 6th ed., Bangalore:
Vikas,2004.
2) Anglo American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. Rev., New Delhi: Oxford, 1998.
3) Fritz,Deborah A, Cataloguing with AACR2 and US-MARC records, Chicago:

ACA,1998.
4) Ranganathan, S.R. : Classified Catalogue Code, Madras, UBSPD,1988.
5) Sangam, S. L. Suchikarana, Gulbarga, Nirmala Prakashan,1986.
Paper 6.3 Organization of Knowledge in Libraries- (Practical)

Cataloguing of Simple Documents according to AACR-2
[\[\
113
MATHEMATICS
SEMESTER – V
Paper-I: Real analysis (Teaching: 5 hrs /week)
1. The Reimann Integration: The upper and lower sums. Necessary and
sufficient conditions for integrability. Algebra of integrable functions.
Integrability of continuous and monotonic functions. Fundamental Theorem of
Integral Calculus. Change of variables. Integration by parts. The first and
second mean value theorems of integral calculus. (20 hrs)
2. Improper integrals of the first and second kind. Comparison test. Abel’s test
and Dirichlet’s test. (10 hrs)
3. Beta and Gamma functions. Differentiation under Integral Sign. Integration

under integral sign. Double and triple integrals, Area and volumes. (10 hrs)
References:
1) Shantinarayan: A course of Mathematical Analysis – S. Chand & Co.

2) S.L. Gupta and Nisha Rani: Fundamental Real Analysis.
Paper – II: NUMERICAL METHODS (Teaching: 5 hrs /week)
1. Solution of Non-linear equations: (algebraic and transcendental) Interval

halving method, secant method and Newton’s method. Fixed point iteration
method. (10 Hrs)
2. Solution of a system of linear equations: Gauss elimination, Gauss-Jordan,

Gauss-Seidel iteration methods. (10 Hrs)
3. Finite Differences: Definition and properties of, ∆/ ∇ and E and relations

among them. The nth difference of a polynomial. Separation of operators.
Newton-Gregory’s forward and backward difference interpolation formulae.
Lagrange’s interpolation formula. (10 Hrs)
114
4. Curve fitting by Least square method: Numerical differentiation
using forward and backward difference formulae. Computation of first and
second differences. Numerical integration. Trapezoidal Rule. Simpson’s rule.
(10 Hrs)
References:
1. SS Shastry: Introductary methods of Numerical Analysis – Prentice Hall

of India.
2. N.Rudraiah and others; College Mathematics – I & II.
3. M.K Jain et al: Numerical methods for Sc.& Eng –Wiley Eastern.
4. H.C. Saxena: Calculus of finite analysis – S. Chand & Co.
Paper-III: STATICS AND LAPLACE TRANSFORMS (Teaching: 5 hours/week)
1. Statics: Couples, moment of a couple, Varignon’s Theorem. Resultant of

coplanar couples. Resultant of a force and a couple. Resultant of a system of
coplanar forces acting at different points of a rigid body. Conditions of
equilibrium. Finding the equation of the line of action the resultant. Catenary
and common catenary. (20 Hrs)
2. Laplace Transforms: Basic Properties. Laplace transforms of some common

functions. Periodic functions, derivative and integral of a function. Heaviside
function and Dirac-delta function. Convolution theorem. Inverse Laplace
Transforms. Laplace Transform method of solving differential equation of first
and second order with constant co-efficients. (20 Hrs)
References:
1. M.Ray and P.T Chandi – Statistics.

2. N. Rudraiah and others – College Mathematics for B.Sc. Series- III – SBS
Publication Co., Bangalore.
3. M.G. Smith: Laplace Transform Theory – Van Nostrand.
115
SEMESTER - VI
(Teaching: 5 Hrs / Week)

Paper – I: DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND FOURIER TRANSFORMS
1. Differential Equations: Simultaneous differential equations with two and

more than two variables. Condition of integrability of Pdx+Qdy+Rdz=0. Partial
differential equations of the first order. Integral of the linear equation
Pp+Qq=R. Special methods of solution applicable to standard forms.
Charpit’s method. Partial differential equations of the second order. (30 Hrs)
2. Fourier Transforms: Fourier series of functions with period 2π and Period

2L. half range Cosine and Sine series. Finite Fourier Cosine and Sine
transforms of some common functions. Transforms of derivatives. (10 Hrs)
References:
1. D.A. Murray: Differential Equations.

2. J.N. Sharma and R.K. Gupta: Differential Equations.
3. P.N. Chatterjee: Differential Equations.
4. I.N. Sneddon: Fourier Transforms – Mc-Graw Hill.
(Teaching: 5 Hrs / Week)
Paper –II: DYNAMICS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING
1. Dynamics: Velocity and acceleration of a particle along a plane curve. Radial

and transverse components of velocity and acceleration. Tangential and
Normal components of velocity and acceleration.
Motion of a projectile in a non-resisting medium under gravity. Motion of a

particle under a central force. Use of polar co-ordinates and pedal co-
ordinates.
Elastic impact-Direct and oblique impact of elastic bodies. (30 Hrs)
2. Mathematical Modeling: Need for Mathematical modeling. Brachistochrone

Problem with historical developments. Techniques and classification of
mathematical models. Mathematical modeling through Geometry, Algebra
(Compound Interest Model), Trigonometry and Calculus.
116
Mathematical modeling through differential equations of first order. Growth and
Decay models (linear and non-linear). Prey and predator model.
Miscellaneous mathematical models.
1. Population dynamics model.

2. Modeling in Economics and Finance.
3. Modeling in Medicine (A Model of Diabetes Mellitus)
4. Richardson’s model for Arms Race. (10 Hrs)
References:
1. M. Ray – A text Book of Dynamics.

2. F. Chorlton – Text Book of Dynamics – Van Nostrand
3. T. P. Dreyer. Modeling with Ordinary Differential Equations – CRC Press, Inc.
4. J.N. Kapur: Mathematical Modeling, John Wiley & Sons.
(Teaching: 5 Hours / Week)

Paper – III: TOPOLOGY AND COMPLEX ANALYSIS
1. Topology: Basic concepts. Closure, Neighbourhood, Limit points and Derived

sets. Interior, Exterior and Boundary. Bases and sub-bases. Sub-spaces, T1
and T2 spaces. (15 Hrs)
2. Complex Analysis: Analytical Functions. Cauchy-Riemann Equations.

Complex Integration. Cauchy Theorem. Taylor’s and Laurent’s series.
Residue Theorem and Contour Integration. (25 Hrs)
References:
1. J.N. Sharma: Topology – Krishna Prakashan, Meerut.
2. S. Lipschutz: General Topology – Schaum’s Series.
3. Sampathkumar & K.S. Amur : Elements of Modern Algebra and Topology.
4. J.N. Sharma: Complex Variables – Krishna Prakashan.
5. Spiegal: Complex Variables – Schaum’s Series.
[\[\
117
MICROBIOLOGY
SEMESTER – V
PAPER 5.1: ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

1.Introduction
Soil, water and air as habitats for microorganisms and concept of
environment, microbial populations in the above habitats. (3 hrs)
2. Microbiology of air
a) Microbes and atmosphere: Atmospheric layers, sources of microorganisms,
air microflora of indoor and outdoor environment, factors affecting air
microflora, significance of airborne microbes, and management of airborne
microbes.
b) Techniques of trapping airborne microorganisms: Gravity slide, petri plate
exposure, liquid impingement, sieve device and filtration.
c) Air borne diseases, allergens, pathogens, significance of microorganisms
in air. Control of air borne microorganisms. (15 hrs)
3. Microbiology of water
a) Sources of water: surface and ground water and their microbial contents.
b) Water pollution - sources, water borne diseases-viral (Jaundice), bacterial
(Cholera) and protozoan (amoebic dysentery), biological indicators of water
pollution.
c) Determination of sanitary quality of water: SPC tests for coliform. MPN.
IMViC reactions, membrane filters technique.
d) Water purification in municipal water supply. (18 hrs)
4. Microbiology of waste water
a) Introduction: Source of waste water - domestic, agricultural and industrial,
physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of waste water.
b) Waste water treatment: Single dwelling unit - Septic tank; municipal waste
water treatment-primary (Screening, coagulation and Sedimentation). Secondary
(trickling filter, activated sludge process, Osmosis, oxidation pond), Tertiary
(reverse Ion exchange method and dialysis) and reclamation of waste water.
c) Waste as Resource (organic compost): Biogas production and
composting
(25hrs)
5. Bioleaching
Scope, organisms involved, economic importance, mechanism of bioleaching of Cu
and Fe. (4 hrs)
6. Bio remediation
Microbes in abatement of heavy metal pollution, heavy metal tolerance in
microbes, different microbial groups in bioremediation of environment.
Biodegradation: Petroleum(Hydrocarbons), pesticides (2,4-D and DDT)(in brief)

(5 hrs)
118
PRACTICAL - 5.2
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Isolation of air borne microorganisms by petri plate exposure method.
2. Demonstration of air samples - equipments of photographs of vertical
cylinder spore trap. Rotorod samples, Hirst spore trap. Anderson
samples
liquid impingement method (Bead Bubbler), Membrane filter.
3. Microscopic observation of different water samples.
4. Standard analysis of water samples.
5. Determination of quality of water by MPN test.
6. Display of photographs of water purification process (Baffles.
Flocculator.
Calrifier, Sand filter, back wash, chlorinometre and chloroscope).
7. Estimation of solids in sewage.
8. Isolation and enumeration of microorganisms from different water samples
by
serial dilution and pour plate.
9. Demonstration of sewage treatment plants - Trickling filter, Imhoff
tank,
Septic tank and sewage treatment.
10. Estimation of dissolved oxygen in water samples.
Note: Visit to water treatment plant / sewage treatment plant. Report should be
written and submitted along with practical record
References:
Alexander, M. "Introduction to Soil Microbiology" Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
Colwod. D 1999 "Microbial Diversity'' Academic Press.
Hurst, G.H. "Environmental Microbiology" ASM Press Washington D.C.
Peleczar, M.J.. Chan, E.C.S and Krieg, N.R. - 1982 "Microbiology" Tata MaGraw Hill
Book Co. New York
Prescott. Lansing, M., Harley John P and Klein Donald, A "Microbiology" WCB. McGraw
Hill New York.
Ralph Mitchell 1995 "Environmental Microbiology" Wiley and Sons. New York.
Salle. A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Company Ltd., New Delhi.
119
Singh. D.P. and S.K.. Dwivedi "Environment Microbiology and Biotechnology, New Age
Industrial Publishers.
Starrier, R.Y. Ingraham J.L "General Microbiology" Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd.. New
Delhi.
Subbarao. N.A. '"Soil microorganisms and plant growth" Oxford and 1BH Publications
Co. New Delhi.
PAPER - 5.3: SOIL AND AGRICULTURE MICROBIOLOGY

Total hours allotted : 50
1. Microbiology of soil
a. Introduction: Type, soil profile, physical and chemical characters.
b. Soil Microorganisms: Bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes. algae, protozoa and
viruses.
c. Role of Microbes in soil process: Biogeochemical cycles - Carbon,
Nitrogen, Sulphur and Phosphorous. Biodegradation: Pectin. Cellulose and lignin.
d. Rhizospherc Microorganisms: Rhizosphere and rhizoplane, Interactions
among microorganisms - Neutralism, Mutualism, Commensal ism. Antagonism
and Parasitism
e. Plant-microbe interaction: Mycorrhizae (15 hrs)
2. Microorganisms in Agriculture
a) Bio-fertilizers: Types (Bacterial, fungal, phosphate solubilizers. BGA.
Plants-Azolla).
b) Mechanism of Nitrogen fixation: Phosphate solubilizing and cellulolytic
micro organisms, mass production of bacterial inoculants (Rhizobuim,
Azotobacter, Azospirullum and Cyanobacteria), mode of applications and
merits.
c) Bio-pesticides: Types (Barter Bacillus thuringienes, viral- NPV.
Fimgal (Trichoderma), mode of action, factors influencing and target pests.
(22hrs)
3. Microbes as plant pathogens

A brief account of the causative agent. Symptoms and control of the following
plant diseases: Fungal {Puccinia, Plasmopara, Cercospora, Pyricularia) Bacterial
(Xanthomonas oryzae), Mycoplasma - Sandal spike. Grassyshoot. Viruses (TMV.
Tomato leaf curl). (12 hrs)
120
PRACTICAL 5.4
SOIL AND AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Isolation and enumeration of bacteria and fungi from rhizosphere and
rhizoplane.
2. Study of Rhizobium from Legume root nodules (gram staining) and Isolation
of Rhizobum(Using yeast extract Mannitol Agar) and Azotobacter (using
Ashby's Mannital Agar) from soil
3. Isolation of actinomycetes from soil using glucose Aspergin Agar by plate
method.
4. Study of Antagonism between soil microorganisms by plate method.
5. Study of plant pathogens - Tikka disease. Sandal spike, Downy Mildew and
Tomato leaf curl.
6. Demonstration of caking of grains.
References:
1. Alexander, M. "Introduction to Soil Microbiology'" Wiley Eastern Ltd. New
Delhi.
2. Brock, T. D "Principles and Microbial Ecology" Prentice Flail Publishing Co
Philadelphia.
3. Clowod, D 1999 "Microbial Diversity" Academic Press.
4. Colwod, D 1999 "Microbial Diversity" Academic Press.Singh R.S.
1973 "Plant Diseases" Oxford and IBH publications New Delhi.
5. Mehrotra, R.S. "Plant Pathology" Tata McGraw Hill Publication. New Delhi.
6. Peleczar. M.J., Chan. E.C.S and Krieg, N.R. - 1982 "Microbiology" Tata
MaGraw M i l l Book Co. New York.
7. Prescott. Lansing, M., Harley John P and KJein Donald. A
"Microbiology" WCB. McGraw Hill New York
8. Rangaswamy, G. 1996 Diseases of crop in India. 3It! edn.. prentice Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
9. Salle, A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Mill
10. Stanier. R.Y. Ingraham J.L 'General Microbiology" Prentice Hail of India
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
11. Steward W.D.P. Nitrogen fixation in plants, The Alhione Press, London.
12. Subbarao, MS. 1986 "Soil Microorganisms and Plant Growth'" 3 Kl edn.
Oxford and IBM publication Co. New Delhi.
121
SEMESTER-VI
PAPER 6.1: FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

PART A: FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. Food and microorganisms

Food as a substrate for microorganisms, sources of contamination of food. (2 hrs)
2. Food spoilage and poisoning

Spoilage of canned foods, cereals, fruits, vegetables. Meat and fish, food
sanitation and control.
Food poisoning: Endotoxin. Staphylococcal poisoning. Botulism and
Salmonellosis.
Mycotoxins produced by Fungi: Aflatoxins in stored food and grains. (8 hrs)
3. Fermented foods
Soya sauce, olives, idli. butter milk and yoghurt, cheese and Kefir. (4 hrs)
4. Food preservation
Principles of food preservation, physical and chemical methods. (4 hrs)
5. Microbiology of milk
Sources of milk contamination, Methods to detect microbial spoilage by SPC.
Reductase test. Biochemical changes of milk souring. Gassy fermentation.
Proteolysis. Lipolysis. Ropiness, Phosphatase test, Clot on boiling test. Starter culture
and its role. (5 hrs)
6. Methods of Preservation of milk and milk products

Pasteurization and sterilization (2 hrs)
PART B : INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

1) History, scope and development of industrial microbiology (1 hr)

2) Isolation and screening of industrially important microorganisms. (1 hr)
3) Strain improvement methods. (2 hrs)
4) Types of industrial fermentation process
1. Batch. Continuous, surface, submerged and solid state fermentation. (2 hrs)
5) Media components and formulation
Crude media components, anti foam agents, precursors, inducers. inhibitors
and buffering agents. (2 hrs)
6) Sterilization of media and raw materials and maintenance of sterility at critical
points during fermentation (2 hrs)
7) Innoculum preparation (1 hr)
8) Process parameters
Aeration, Agitation, Temperature regulation, Foam regulation and PH
Regulation (3 hrs)
122
9) Fermentors
Basic structure, construction and various types - Typical stirred aerated fermentor.
Tower fermentor and Bubble cap fermentor. (3 hrs)
10) Down stream processing
Precipitation, filtration, centrifugation. distillation, cell disruption, solvent
recovery, drying, crystallization. (3 hrs)
11) Industrial production of chemicals
Alcohol, lactic acid, penicillin and protease (3 hrs)
12) Role of microorganisms for production and recovery of minerals and
petroleum (2 hrs)
PRACTICAL 6.2 - FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL MICROBILOGY
1. Isolation and identification of microbes from infected fruits, vegetables and

cereals.
2. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from curd, idli. butter and
stored foods —jams,jellies, sauce and pickles.
3. Bacterial examination of milk by SPC and DMC methods.
4. Methylene Blue Reduction test (MBRT) for quality assessment of milk.
5. Estimation of fat content in milk by Gerber's method.
6. Estimation of lactose in milk.
7. Estimation of Lactic acid from curd samples.
8. Observations of industrially important microorganisms.
9. Production of Wine from grapes,
10. Estimation of alcohol content.
11. Preparation of banana juice by pectinase.
12. Production and estimation of citric acid by titrimetric method.
13. Study of different types of fermentation (charts).
Note: Visit to Industries / Research laboratories. Dairy industries. Distilleries,

Pharmaceuticals and pathological laboratories. A report on the visit should be written
and submitted along with practical record.
References:
Banwart. G.J. 1987 "Basic Food Microbiology" CBS Publishers and
Distributors New Delhi.
Betty C. Hobbs "Food Microbiology" Arnold-Heinamann Publishing Private Ltd.

New Delhi.
Casida, Jr. L.E. (1996) Industrial Microbiology New Age International

Publishers New Delhi.
Colwod. D 1999 "Microbial Diversity" Academic Press.
Frazier and Westhoff "Food Microbiology" Tata McGraw Hill Publication Co. Ltd.
New Delhi.
123
Hammer B.W. and Babal "Dairy Microbiology" Prentice Hall Incorporated London.
Jay. J.M. "Modern Food Microbiology" CBS Publishers and Distributors. New York.
Peleczar, M.J.. Chan. E.C.S and Krieg, N.R. - 1982 "Microbiology" Tata MaGraw
Hill Book Co. New York.
Prescott. Lansing. M., Harley John.P and Klein Donald, A "Microbiology"1 WCB.
McGraw Hill New York.
Reed. G. 1982 "Industrial Microbiology" MacMillan Publications Ltd. Wisconsin.
Ribonson R.tC. 1990 "Dairy microbiology" Elsevier Application Dieness London.
Salle, A.J. "Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology" Tata McGraw Hill

Stanier, R.Y. Ingraham J.L "General Microbiology" Prentice Hall of India Pvt
Ltd.. New Delhi.
Varnam A.H. and Evans M.G. "Foodborne Pathogens" Wolfe Publishing

House. London.
Waites Michael J. Morgan Neil L. Rockey John S. and Gray Higton,

"Industrial Microbiology - An Introduction" Blackwell Science. Delhi.
PAPER 6.3 - IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Total hours allotted : 50
PART A : IMMUNOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1. History and scope of Immunology (2 hrs)
2. Immunity
Types - Natural, Acquired, Active and Passive (2 hrs)
3. Antigens
Nature and types, Factors influencing antegenicity (2 hrs)
4. Antibodies
Structure, types, properties and functions of immunoglobulins. (2 hrs)
5. Antigen and Antibody reactions

Agglutination, Precipitation, Complement fixation test, Neutralization test,
Opsonization. Gel-diffusion techniques, Immuno electrophoresis, Labelled
Antibodies - RIA, ELISA, Immuno fluorescent techniques. (6 hrs)
6. Complement system
Properties, components, pathways and functions (2 hrs)
7. Cells, tissues and organs involved in immune system. (2 hrs)
8. Immune response
CML MHC. AMI. immunological memory and immunological tolerance. (3 hrs)
124
9. Hypersensitivity (2 hrs)
10. Vaccines
Types and significance. (2 hrs)
PART B : MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Total hours allotted: 25
1) History and development of medical microbiology. Normal flora of human body.

(2hrs)
2) Infection
Types, Modes of transmission, port of entry (2hrs)
3) Pathogenesis
Virulence - Attenuation and exaltation with an example each. (2hrs)
4) Pathogen
Morphology, cultural and biochemical characteristics, classification, resistance,
pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, laboratory diagnosis, epidemology, prophylaxis and
treatment of the following.
a. Bacterial diseases-Tuberculosis. Cholera, Typhoid and Syphilis.
b. Viral diseases - Hepatitis, Poliomyelitis. AIDS.
c. Fungal diseases-Candidiosis, Dermatomycosis (Tinea —Ringworm infection)
d. Protozoan diseases - Malaria. Trichomoniasis and Amoebiosis. (15hrs)
5) Antibiotics
General characteristics and types of antibiotics, mode of action of
penicillin, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol. (4 hrs)
PRACTICAL 6.4 - IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIIOLOGY
1. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from ear, nose, throat and

sputum (Growth on blood agar, chocolate agar, Braid parker, Mackonkey agar,
Nutrientagar).
2. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from clinical samples - urine

(Growth in alkaline peptone water, blood agar, mackonkey agar)
a) Semi quantitative estimation of C+V
b) Chemical analysis of urine - crystal identification, determination of
sugar
and protein.
3.Blood grouping and calculation of allelic frequencies.
4.Differential count of WBC
5. Coagulase test.
6.WIDAL test
125
7. VDRL test
8. Spot ELISA
9. ODD-Ouchterlony, Double diffusion.
10. Study of AFB
11. Study of pathogenic microorganisms-slides.
References:
1. Abbas Abdul K, Lightman Andrew K and Pober Jordan S, "Cellular and
Molecular Immunology" WB Saunders Co. Philadelphia.
2. Ananthnarayan and Jayram Paniker "A Text Book of Microbiology" Orient and
Longman New Delhi.
3. Douglas J. and Slekh ''Medical Bacteriology" Churchill Livingstone.
4. Goldsby Richard A, Kindt Thomas J and Osborne Barbara A. "Kuby

Immunology" WH Freeman and Co. New York.
5. Gupte, S.M.D 1986 "The short text book of Medical Microbiology'7 Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers New Delhi.
6. Hughs and Moffet "Clinical Microbiology" J.B. Lippincott Co.
7. Jawetz. Mehick. Adelberg. Brooks. Butel and Orston "Medical Microbiology"

Prentice Hall Inc. London.
8. Kenneth Jr. “Medical Microbiology-Introduction to Infection Diseases” Prentice

Hall International.
9. Peleczar, M.I. Chan. ECS and Krieg N.R. "Microbiology"' McGraw Hill Book Co.
New-York.
10. Rajesh Bhatra R "Essentials of Medical Microbiology" Jayjee Bros.
11. Roitt, I.M. “Essentials of Immunology” ELBS Blackwell Scientific Publishers

London.
12. Sengupta, J. 1988 "Synopses of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology" Hilton

and Co. Culcatta.
13. Shetty, N 1994 "Immunology- introductory Text Book New Agra.
14. Topley and Wilson "Principles of Bacteriology. Virology and Immunity" Idward
Arnold. Greenwood. David, Richards. C and Slack B. "Medical Microbiology"
ELBS Churchill Livingstone.
[\[\
126
PHYSICS
SEMESTER – V
Physics 5.1: Classical Mechanics, Astrophysics And Relativity

Unit 1: Classical Mechanics
Constraints: Types – Holonomic, nonholonomic, Scaleronomous, rhenomous with

examples. Degrees of freedom, configuration space. The necessary and sufficient
condition for co-ordinate transformation. Principle of virtual work, generalized co-
ordinates, the necessary truth generalized virtual displacement, velocity, force,
kinetic and potential energies. (7 Hrs.)
D’ Alembert’s principle; derivation of Lagrange equation of motion from D’Alembert’s

principle. Applications of Lagrange equation; Motion of a single particle in Cartesian
and polar co-ordinates, Harmonic oscillator and to electrical circuits. (6 Hrs.)
Two body central force problem: Reduction of two body central force problem to
equivalent one body, expression for the total energy, equation of orbit equivalent to
single body and classification of orbits. (3 Hrs.)
3 Hours.
Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and their derivation using Lagrengian equation.
(2 Hrs.)
Problems – 2 Hours.
Unit 2: Relativity
Michelson – Morley experiment. Significance of negative result. Postulates of special
theory of relativity. The Lorentz transformation - Relativity of length, and time. Law
of addition of velocities, variation of mass with velocity and mass energy relation.
(8 Hrs.)
Problems – 1 Hour.
Unit 3 : Astrophysics
The Solar Interior: The Source of Solar energy, Thermonuclear reactions and
building up of higher elements, the solar composition.
Evolution of Stars: Theoretical H-R diagram. Synthesis of elements in star. Star
distance and magnitudes.
Astronomical Spectrophotometry: Photometry concept, Astronomical
photometer and its components, CCD astrophotography, optical telescopes
and reflecting (Newtonian and Cassegrain) (10 Hrs.)
Problems – 1 Hour
Reference Books:
1. Classical Mechanics - Goldstein
2. Classical Mechanics - Gupta, Kumar & Sharma
3. Classical Mechanics - Takawale and Puranik
4. Modern Physics - Murugeshan
5. Introduction to Relativity - R.Resnick
6. Relativistic Mechanics - Gupta and Kumar
127
7. Modern Physics - Duggal and Chabra
8. An introduction to Astrophysics - Baidyanath - Basu
9. Introduction to Astronomy
and Astrophysics - M.Zeilik, Gregory and Smith
10. Astrophysics - K.D.Abhyankar.
Physics 5.2: Quantum Mechanics, Atomic and Molecular Spectra, Lasers
Unit 1: Quantum Mechanics

Origin of quantum theory, Compton scattering expression for Compton shift. de
Broglie hypothesis, Davison and Germer’s experiment. (2 Hrs.)
Uncertainty Principle: Statement, illustration by Gamma ray microscope and

diffraction of electrons at a single slit. (3 Hrs.)
Wave Mechanical Model of the Atom: Setting up of Scrodinger’s equation (time

independent only). Physical interpretation of wave function, Eigen function and eigen
values. Particle in one dimensional box with derivation of expression for energy –
Expression for energy in three dimension degeneracy. Linear Harmonic oscillator
(without derivation for energy). Concept of zero point energy. (7 Hrs.)
Unit 2: Atomic Spectra: Structure of an atom, Concept of electron spin and space
quantization, Stern-Gerlach Experiment. The pauli exclusion principle. Electron
configuration of single valence electron atoms (Alkali metals) and two valence
electron atoms and their spectra (Principle, Sharp, diffuse and fundamental series).
Excitation and Ionization potential: The Frank-Hertz experiment. Penetrating and

non penetrating orbits in the alkali metals (qualitative treatment only). Vector model
of the atom : Coupling schemes (LS and JJ); Spin orbit interaction, magnetic
moment due to orbital and spin motion. (9 Hrs.)
Magnetic field effect on light: The Larmor’s precession in a magnetic field,

expression for the magnetic interaction energy. Weak magnetic field effects: Normal
and Anomalous Zeeman effect, energy level diagram for sodium D lines in a weak
magnetic field. Experimental setup to observe the Zeeman effect. (4 Hrs.)
Problems – 1 Hour
Unit – 3 Molecular Spectra:
Molecular Motions: different types motions in a molecule (electronic, vibration,
rotation), molecular energy distribution in the electromagnetic spectrum. General
features of band spectra compared to atomic spectra. The diatomic molecule as
a rigid rotator, non rigid rotator, the rotational energy levels and their spectrum.
Information about the moment of inertia and internuclear distances from the pure
rotational spectrum. (5 Hrs.)
128
Raman effect: The Rayleigh’s Scattering, the Raman Scattering. The classical
theory of Raman effect and Raman spectrum. Experimental set-up to observe the
Raman spectrum in liquids. Applications of Raman effect. (2 Hrs.)
Lasers: Spontaneous emission, stimulated emission and stimulated absorption,

conditions for laser action, types pf lasers: Gas lasers (He, Ne), Semiconductor
lasers. (Intrinsic and Doped), Holography : Principle and reconstruction of the image.
(4 Hrs.)
Reference Books
1. Quantum Mechanics - Pauling & Wilson
2. Quantum Mechanics - B.N.Srivastava
3. Modern Physics - R. Murugeshan
4. Quantum Mechanics - Gupta, Kumar & Sharma.
5. Introduction to Modern Physics - Ritchmeyer, Kennerd, Lauritsen
6. Lasers and non linear optics - B.Blaud.
7. Perspective of Modern Physics - A.Beiser.
Physics – 5.3 : Lab-V

List of experiments
1. Construction of multi range voltmeter.
2. Building of battery charger.
3. Astable multivibrator (using transistor).
4. Low pass filter
5. Plank’s constant using Photo cell
6. Photoconductive cell (LDR).
7. Solar cell characteristics (a) Open circuit voltage (b) Short circuit current
8. Characteristics of GM counter.
9. Fraunhofer lines and determination of Rydberg constant.
10. H.R. diagram: Physical properties of stars.
Note: 1) Experiments are of four hour duration

2) Minimum of seven experiments to be performed
Physics – 5.4: Lab -VI

List of experiments
1. Thermistor
2. Battery eliminator .
3. Ionisation potential of xenon.
4. Hartley Oscillator.
5. High pass filter.
6. Thevini & Nortan’s theorems using ladder circuit.
7. Photovoltac cell.
8. Study of hydrogen spectrum.
9. GM tube (dead time).
10. Analysis of x-ray diffraction spectra.

129
SEMESTER – VI
Physics 6.1: Solid state Physics, Nuclear Physics and Energy Sources
Unit 1: Solid State Physics
Crystal Structure: Lattice, lattice translational vectors, basis and crystal structure,
unit cell, point symmetry operations, Bravais lattices, Seven crystal Systems, Miller
indices, expression for interplaner spacing, crystal structure of NaCl and CsCl.
(3 Hrs.)
Crystal diffraction: X-ray spectrum, Bragg’s law, mention of experimental methods,

Bragg’s X-ray spectrum. (2 Hrs.)
Specific heat of Solids: Experimental facts; classical theory, Einstein’s theory and
Deboy’s theory of lattice specific heats. (3 Hrs.)
Free Electron Theory of Metals: Classical free electron model, expressions for
electrical and thermal conductivity, Wiedemann-Franz law, failure of classical free
electron theory. (2 Hrs.)
Semiconductors: Formation of energy bands in solids, classification of solids on the

basis of band theory, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, expression for electrical
conductivity in case of intrinsic semiconductors, experimental determination of
energy gap, Hall effect, expression for Hall co-efficient and applications. (3 Hrs.)
Magnetic Materials: Classification, classical Langviu’s theory of diamagnetism and

paramagnetism, determination of paramagnetic susceptibility by Gouy’s method.
Ferromagnetism, Domain and hysteresis. (3 Hrs.)
Superconductivity: Experimental survey, Occurrence of superconductivity,

destruction of superconductivity by magnetic field, Meissner effect, isotope effect and
applications. (2 Hrs.)
Unit 2 : Nuclear Physics
Radioactivity: Types of radiations (qualitative) 1 Hour.
Nuclear Models: Liquid-Drop model – explanation of semi-emperical mass formula,

explanation of nuclear fission on the bases of liquid –Drop model. Shell model
(Qualitative), Magic numbers. 2 Hours.
130
Nuclear forces: Meson Theory of nuclear forces
1 Hour.
Nuclear Reaction: Types of Nuclear reactions 1 Hour.
Detectors and Accelerators: GM counter, Scintillation counter, linear accelerators,

Cyclotron and Betatron. 5 Hours.
Unit 3: Energy Sources

An introduction to energy Sources; Energy sources and their availability;
conventional and non conventional energy sources, Renewable energy sources;
advantages and prospects.
Solar energy: Solar constant, solar radiation at earth’s surface, attenuation of beam
radiation, solar radiation geometry-altitude angle, Zenith angle, Solar Azimuth angle,
surface Azimuth angle, surface Azimuth angle and slope.
Solar radiation measurements using Pyrheliometers (Angstrom Compensation

Pyrheliometer, Abbot silver disc Pyrheliometer, Eppley Pyrheliometer) and
Pyranometers. 8 Hours.
Reference Books
1. Solid state Physics - C. Kittel
2. Solid state Physics - A.J.Dekker
3. Solid state Physics - Kumar and Gupta.
4. Solid state Physics - Saxena, Gupta, Saxena
5. Solid state Physics - S.O.Pillai
6. Energy sources - G.D.Rai
7. Nuclear Physics - I.Kaplan
8. Modern Physics - Murugeshan
9. Modern physics - J.B.Rajum.
Physics 6.2: Electronics, Computational Physics and Communication
Unit 1: Electronics
Current and voltage sources; Thevenin and Norton’s Theorems. 3 Hours.
Power Supplies: Half wave, Full wave, Bridge rectifiers (Qualitative only). Power
Supplies with filters (Only LC and Pi section) Peak inverse voltage, efficiency, Ripple
factor, zener diode: characteristics and its use in voltage regulation. 4 Hours.
131
Transistors: DC h-parameters and their determination, performance of transistor as
an amplifier (CE mode only) and its frequency response, Qualitative explanation for
emitter follower. Brief explanation of positive and negative feedback. Transistor as
an oscillator, Hartley and Phaseshift oscillators (Qualitative only) FET: Types,
characteristics and parameters. FET as an amplifier (CS mode qualitative).
8 Hours.
Integrated circuits (ICs): Fabrication of monolithic ICs, types of ICs operation of

astable multivibrator using 555-Timer (qualitative). 3 Hours.
Digital Electronics: Number Systems: Decimal, Binary, Hexadecimal and their

interconversion. Boolean algebra, truth tables basic theorems, Basic and Universal
gates. DTL gates, OR AND, NOT, NAND and XOR gates. 4 Hours.
Unit 2: Computational Physics
Simplified model of computer, computer programming preliminaries, flow charts and

their symbols, simple flow chart examples. Computer oriented procedure (an
example). Basic language characters used in BASIC.
Study of C language: Introduction, constants, variables and data types. Operators

and expressions, Decision making IF-ELSE statement, for looping. 9 Hours.
Unit 3: Communication
Filters: Low pass and high pass constant K – type filter (qualitative explanation
using practicals) classification of e-m waves; Types of waves, propagation of e-m
waves through ionosphere (qualitative), Critical frequency, critical angle, vertical
height, secant law. 4 Hours.
Modulation and Demodulation: Need for modulation, types of modulation, AM,

significance of modulation factor, Frequency spectrum of AM.
Frequency modulation (FM): FM spectrum, FM transmitter, applications of FM.

Comparison between FM & AM Demodulation: Necessity, AM detection, square law
detector (qualitative). Super heterodyne receiver (Block diagram). 5 Hours.
Reference Books
1. Basic Electrical Principles - B.L.Thereja
2. Basic Electronics - B.L.Thereja
3. Integrated Electronics - Mill maus & Halkias
4. Modern Physics - R.Murugeshan
5. Electronic Devices & circuits - Allen Moltershed
6. TTTI - Bhargav – etal
132
7. C Programming - Balaguruswamy
8. C Programming - Kotur
9. Basics of Computer - Rajesh Hongal
10. Basic Programming - Balaguruswamy
11. Fortran IV Programming - V.Raja Ram
12. Electronics Communication System - Kennedy & Davis.
13. Upper Atmosphere.
Physics 6.3 : Lab – VII

List of experiments
1. FET characteristics.
2. Voltage regulator using Zener diode.
3. Astable multivibrator (using 555 timer).
4. Study of DTL gates.
5. Use of IC 7400 (Basic gates).
6. LED characteristics Graph of vs current, (spectral response).
7. Full wave Bridge rectifier with π section filter.
8. Thevini & Nortan’s theorems using Wheastone’s net.
9. LDR characteristics.
10. Verification of inverse square law using GM tube.

Physics 6.4 : lab – VIII

List of experiments
1. Hybrid parameters.
2. CE – Amplifier.
3. Phase shift Oscillator using Op Amp.
4. Use of IC 7400 (Demorgan’s theorems & verification of Boolean expressions).
5. FET Amplifier.
6. Basic programmable calculator/Computer.
7. Programming using C language (2 experiments).
8. Attenuation of β – radiation (absorption coefficient of aluminium).
9. Wein bridge oscillator using Op Amp.

[\[\
133
STATISTICS
SEMESTER - V
STTH: 5.1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DEMOGRAPHY

Unit: 1
Sampling and Surrey Methods: Concepts of Population and Sample. Need for
sampling complete enumeration vs sample surreys. Non – probability and
probability sampling – meaning, need and illustrations. Use of random numbers.
Principal steps in a sample surrey. Requisites of a good questionnaire, Pilot surreys.
Sampling and non sampling errors. (10 Hrs)
Unit: 2
Simple random sampling: sampling with and without replacement. Unbiased
estimators of population mean and total. Derivation of sampling variances.
Standard errors of the estimators. Confidence limits. Sampling for proportions.
Derivation of the variances of the estimators and their estimation. Determination of
sample size. Formulas for sample size in sampling for proportions and means.
(10 Hrs)
Unit: 3
Stratified random sampling: Need for stratification. Unbiased estimator of mean
and total in stratified random sampling. Derivation of the SE’s and their estimation.
Allocation of sample size under proportional, optimum and Neyman allocations.
Comparison of V (ran), V (prop) and V (opt) ignoring fpc. Estimation of gain in
precision due to stratification. (10 Hrs)
Unit: 4
Systematic random sampling: Unbiased estimator of population mean and its
variance. Expression of variance with intraclass correlation. Systematic sampling
with linear trend. Compassion of systematic sampling with simple and stratified
random sampling procedure. (6 Hrs)
134
Unit: 5
Demography: Sources of demographic data. Measurement of mortality: Crude,
specific and standardized death rates, infant mortality rate. Maternal mortality rate.
Fecundity and fertility, measurement of fertility: crude, age specific, general and total
fertility rates. Reproduction rates. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 6
Life Table: Components of a life table, force of mortality and expectation of life,
construction of a life table. Abridged life table. Uses of a life table. (6 Hrs)
STPR – 5.1 PRACTICAL PAPERS

1. Drawing random samples using random number tables (grouped and
ungrouped cases).
2. Listing of all possible SRSWR and SRSWOR from a given population and
verifying that the estimators of the mean, total and the sampling variance
of the estimator are unbiased.
3. Drawing of random sample under SRSWR and SRSWOR design from a
given population and estimation of the mean and total and the standard
error of the estimators.
4. Estimation of the proportion and the standard error of the estimator under
SRSWR and SRSWOR designs.
5. Estimation of the mean, total and the standard error of the estimators
under stratified random sampling.
6. Allocation of sample size under stratified random sampling. Comparison
of the precisions of the estimators under stratified random sampling with
proportional and Optimum allocations and that under SRSWOR.
7. Estimation of gain in precision due to stratification.
8. Listing of possible systematic samples from a given population and
computation of variance of the estimator and its comparison with that of
SRSWOR.
9. Systematic sampling – sampling mean & its variance relative comparison.
10. Measures of mortality, infant mortality, standardized deaths rates.
11. Measures of fertility, ASFR, TFR and reproduction rates.
12. Construction of life tables.
135
STTH: 5.2 Statistical Quality Management and Econometrics
Unit: 1
Basics: Quality assurance and management. Quality Pioneers. Quality costs.
Aims and objectives of statistical process control. Chance and assignable causes of
variation. Statistical quality control. Process control, product control. Importance of
statistical quality control in Industry. (10 Hrs)
Unit: 2
Control Charts for variables: Theoretical basis and practical background of control
charts for variables. 3 sigma limits, warning limits and probability limits. Criteria for
detecting lack of control. Derivation of limits and construction ofX – R charts and
interpretation. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 3
Rational subgroups. Group control charts and sloping control charts. Natural
tolerance limits and specification limits. Process capability studies. (6 Hrs)
Unit: 4
Control charts for attributes: np-chart, p-chart, c-chart and u-chart. Basis,
construction and interpretation. OC and ARL for variable and attribute charts.
(6 Hrs)
Unit: 5
Econometrics: Definition & Scope of econometrics. Relationship between
variables, the simple linear regression model, the ordinary least squares method
(OLS), Statistical assumptions, properties of least squares estimators. (6 Hrs)
Unit: 6
Time Series Analysis: Components of Time Series. Additive and multiplicative
models. Measurement of trend by moving averages and by least squares.
Construction of seasonal indices by simple averages and ratio to moving averages
and link relative method. (6 Hrs)
Unit: 7
Index Numbers: Meaning and Applications. Price and quantity relatives, link and
chain relatives. Construction of Index numbers: their computation and
interpretation. Simple, aggregative and weighted average methods. Laspeyres,
Paasche’s, Marshall – Edgeworth’s, Dorbish – Bowley and Fisher’s Index numbers.
Time and factor reversal tests. Consumer price Index and its construction.
(6 Hrs)
136
Books for Study:
1. Cochran, W.G. (1984): Sampling Techniques. (3rd ed.) (Wiley Eastern)
2. Singh, D and Chaudhary, F.S. (1986): Theory and Analysis of sample
survey design. (Wiley Eastern).
3. Goon, A.M. et.al.: Fundamentals of Statistics Vol. II (World Press,
Calcutta).
4. Gupta, S.C. and V.K. Kapur: Fundamentals applied Statistics. (Sultan
Chand and Co).
5. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control – D.C. Montgomery. John Wiley
& Sons.
6. Basic Econometrics – Damodar N. Gujarati.
Books for Reference:

1. Murthy, M.N. (1967): Sampling Theory and Methods. (Statistical
Society, ISI, Kolkata).
2. Des Raj and Chandok (1998): Sampling Theory, Narosa, New
Delhi.
3. Sukhatme, P.V. et.al (1984): Sampling Theory of surveys with
applications (Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics, New Delhi).
4. Sampath: Sampling Theory. Narosa Pub.
5. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control – D.C. Montgomery. John
Wiley & Sons.
6. Basic Econometrics – Damodar N. Gujarati.
STPR – 5.2 PRACTICAL PAPER
1. Control Charts for variablesX ,R charts, control limits.

2. Control Charts for attributes: P-charts, C-charts, np-charts, U-chart, DC &
ART etc.
3. Regression least square methods.
4. Time series: Moving averages, least squares method for fitting trend line.
5. Construction of various index numbers, Test of time & factor reversal.
Consumer price index number.
137
SEMESTER – VI
STTH: 6.1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND RELIABILITY
Unit: 1
Introduction: Definition and scope of Operations Research (OR). Phases of OR.
OR Models. (5 Hrs)
Unit: 2
Linear Programming: Linear programming problem (L.P.P). Description, basic
concepts and formulation, Graphical solution. Simplex algorithm. Examples.
(10 Hrs)
Unit: 3
Statistical Decision Theory: Statistical decision problem. Maximin, Laplace and
expected payoff criteria. Regret function. Expected value of perfect information.
Sampling and posterior distributions. Decision tree analysis. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 4
Inventory Theory: Description of an inventory system. Inventory costs. Demand
and lead time. EOQ model with and without shortages. EOQ model with finite
replenishment. Probabilistic demand. Newspaper boy problem. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 5
Reliability: Definitions of Reliability Theory, Reliability function, failure rate (hazard
rate), cumulative failure rate. Distributions useful in modeling the life length. (Exp,
Weibull, Gamma, Pareto, Truncated normal & lognormal). Monotone failure rates.
Classes of Life Distributions. (IFR, IFRA, NBU, NBUE, DMRL) and their geometric
characterizations. (12 Hrs)
Unit: 6
System Reliability: Series System, Parallel System and Standby redundant
system. Reliability function of series, parallel and standby redundant systems in
case of exponential distribution. (5 Hrs)
138
Books for Study: Kanthiswaroop, Manmohan and P.K. Gupta (2003): Operations
Research. Sultan Chand & Co.
1. Churchman, C.W, Ackoff, R.L and Arnoff, E.L. (1957): Introduction to
Operations Research. Jhon Wiley.

1. Mustafi, C.K. Operations Research Methods and practice. New Age. Pub.
2. Mittal , K.V. Optimization Method. New Age Pub.
3. Kappor, V.K. Operations Research. Sultan Chand & Co.
4. S.K. Sinha (1986): Reliability & Life Testing Wiley Eastern Ltd.
5. D.L. Goosh (1989): A primer of Reliability Theory. John Wiley & Sons.
STPR – 6.1 PRACTICAL PAPER

1. Problems on graphical method for solving LPP (two)
2. Application of simplex method to solve LPP (two)
3. Exercises on decision theory.
4. Problems on inventory (two)
5. Exercises on Reliability.
STTH: 6.2 SEQUENTIAL AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATIONAL

TECHNIQUES
Unit: 1
Sequential Testing: Need for sequential, Tests. Wald’s SPRT. SPRT for the mean
of normal population (variance known) and for the proportions. Approximate
expressions for OC and ASN functions. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 2
Multiple and Partial Correlation and Regression: Trivariate data. Yule’s notation.
Equation of the plane of regression. Residuals and its properties, residual variance.
Multiple correlation and partial correlation coefficients. Derivations and their
properties. (8 Hrs)
Unit: 3
Analysis of simple linear regression and multiple linear regression of three variables.
Estimation and testing of parameters. Testing for the goodness of fit..
139
Unit: 4
Numerical Integration: Integration, Trapezoidal rule. Simpson’s one – third
formula, iterative solution of non – linear equations. (7 Hrs)
Unit: 5
Solutions for Algebraic equations: Newton - Raphson’s method of successive
iteration. Regular false method, Secant method. (12 Hrs)
Unit: 6
Simulation: Introduction to simulation. Monte Carlo Method. Generation of random
observations from discrete and continuous distributions. Simple illustrations.
Numerical integration by simulation. Monte Carlo estimation of π. Simulation of
inventory and queuing systems. (9 Hrs)
Books for Study:

1. A. Wald: Sequential Analysis – Wiley.
2. Sastry S.S. (1987): Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, Prentice
Hall.
3. Jerry Banks – Discrete event simulation (2003).
4. Kanthiswaroop, Manmohan and P.K. Gupta (2003): Operations Research.
Sultan Chand & Co.
5. Shenoy, G.V., Srivastava, U.K and Sharma, S.C: Operations Research for
Management. New Age International.
6. Draper & Smith – Regression Analysis - Wiley.

1. Mittal K.V. Optimization Method. New Age Pub.
2. Kapoor, V.K. Operations Research. Sultan Chand & Co.
140
STPR – 6.2 PRACTICAL PAPERS
(Based on C – Programming & Statistical Packages)

1. Exercises on SPRT.
2. Problems on MCC and Multiple Regressions.
3. Problems on PCC.
4. Problems on Estimation and Testing of Parameters of Simple Regression.
5. Problems on Estimation & Testing of Parameters of Multiple Regression &
Goodness fit.
6. Problems on Trapezoidal and Simpson’s one third rule.
7. Solution of Algebraic equations by Newton - Raphson’s, Regular false &
secant methods.
8. Problems on random sample generation from discrete & continuous
distribution.
9. Simulation exercise in numerical integration Inventory and queuing
systems.
[\[\
141
SERICULTURE
SEMESTER – V
Theory
Paper 5.1 – Sericulture Genetics and Breeding
Teaching hours – 70; Marks 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA); Duration of Exam – 3 hours
• Section A – Mulberry Genetics and Breeding

Teaching hours – 35; Maximum marks – 50 (40 + 10 IA)
• Section B – Silkworm Genetics and Breeding

Teaching hours – 35; Maximum marks – 50 (40 + 10 IA)
Paper 5.3 – Silk Technology

Teaching hours – 70; Marks 100 (80 theory + 20 IA); Duration of Exam – 3 hours
Practical
Practical 5.2 – Sericulture Genetics and Breeding
Teaching hours per week – 4; Marks 50; Duration of Exam – 4 hours
Practical 5.4 - Silk Technology

VI SEMESTER
Theory
Paper 6.1 – Advances in Sericulture
(Teaching hours – 70; Marks 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA); Duration of Exam – 3 hours)
Section A – Mulberry Biotechnology and Computer Applications

(Teaching hours – 35; Maximum marks – 50 (40 + 10 IA)
Section B – Silkworm Biotechnology and Bioinformatics

(Teaching hours – 35; Maximum marks – 50 (40 + 10 IA)
Paper 6.3 – Sericultural Economics and Extension

Teaching hours – 70; Marks 100 (80 theory + 20 IA); Duration of Exam – 3 hours
Practical
Practical 6.2 - Advances in Sericulture
Practical 6.4 - Sericultural Economics and Extension

142
SEMESTER – V
PAPER – 5.1 SERICULTURE GENETICS AND BREEDING
(Marks: 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA), Total Teaching hours: 70)
Theory
Section A: MULBERRY GENETICS AND BREEDING
[Marks: 50 (Theory 40 + 10 IA), Total hours: 35]
1) General account of genetics. Theories of Mendel, Practical importance of

dominance and test cross. Different types of chromosomes, chromosomal
behavior during mitosis and meiosis.
- 8 hrs.
2) Chromosome technique in mulberry. Chromosome number and structure in
mulberry. Mitosis and meiosis in mulberry.
-7 hrs.
3) Aims and objectives of mulberry breeding. Methods of breeding, Germplasm
banks – Concept, establishment & conservation of mulberry genotypes,
mulberry germplasm banks in India.
- 5 hrs.
4) Plant introduction and acclimatization, quarantine procedures. - 2 hrs.
5) Selection- Types- individual and mass; pure line and clonal. Selection
procedure, merits and demerits.
- 4 hrs.
6) Hybridization- scope, procedure and its application for mulberry crop
improvement. Merits and demerits
- 3 hrs.
7) Mutation breeding – physical and chemical methods. Merits and demerits.
- 3 hrs.
8) Resistant breeding – drought, saline and disease. - 2 hrs.
9) Multilocational trials – objectives, strategies and procedure. - 1 hrs.
Section B: SILKWORM GENETICS & BREEDING
1) General account of animal breeding, aims and objectives, silkworm breeding

in India- scope, status and development. - 4 hrs.
2) Silkworm chromosome - technique, number and structure. -2 hrs.
3) Cytology of oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis (in brief) -4 hrs.
143
4) Silkworm races – salient features of pure races (MV and BV), and hybrids.
Improved silkworm races/breeds in India and their characters. - 4 hrs.
5) Silkworm gene bank and resource centers- establishment and conservation of
silkworm breeds. - 2 hrs.
6) Aims and objectives of silkworm breeding. Different methods of breeding, their
merits and demerits. - 4hrs.
7) Breeding for disease resistance and regional and seasonal specific breeds,
significance, objectives and procedure of multi location tests. – 5 hrs.
8) Hereditary traits of silkworm egg, larvae, cocoon, pupae and adult. – 4 hrs.
9) Selection, Hybridization and Mutation breeding in silkworm. – 6 hrs.
PRACTICAL 5.2 – SERICULTURE GENETICS AND BREEDING

(Marks: 50 (40 + 10 IA)
Teaching hours per week – 4 hrs; Duration of Exam – 4 hours.
Section A: Mulberry Genetics and Breeding.
1) Study of chromosomal technique in mulberry root tips and flower buds.

2) Collection of seeds and rising of seedlings. Preparation of clones and rising of
saplings. Evaluation of plants.
3) Hybridization in mulberry- selection of parent plants, bagging, artificial
pollination.
4) Study of characters of improved mulberry varieties. Visit to Mulberry
germplasm centre, collection of different varieties of mulberry plants.
5) Study of Mendel theories and Genetical problems.
Section B: Silkworm Genetics and Breeding
1) Chromosomal study in silkworm – meiosis in testis and ovary of silkworm.

2) Identification of different stages of cell cycle.
3) Study of different silkworm races and their characters – Larval, cocoon
characters etc.
4) Assessment of larval and cocoon characters for breeding, estimation of
cocoon characters, filament length, etc.
5) Preparation of breeding plan for evolution of superior breeds.
6) Identification of mutants of silkworms. Estimation of heterosis, chi square test.
Visit to silkworm germplasm centers.
144
PAPER 5.3 – SILK TECHNOLOGY
Total Teaching hours: 70 (Marks: 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA) Duration of Exam: 3 hours
Theory
1) Cocoon markets-functions of cocoon markets. Price fixation and transaction of

cocoons. – 2 hrs.
2) Cocoons – commercial characters of bivoltine and multivoltine races. - 6hrs.
3) Sorting of cocoons, preservation of cocoons. - 3 hrs.
4) Stifling of cocoons- objectives, methods, merits and demerits. - 4hrs.
5) Cocoon cooking – objectives, principle, methods, merits and demerits.- 5 hrs.
6) Reeling – Brushing. Reeling machines and process- Country charaka, cottage
basin, multiend, semi automatic and automatic reeling. Their Merits and
demerits. – 12 hrs.
7) Re-reeling – objective, principle and re-reeling machines and process. -4hrs.
Finishing – raw silk skeining, lacing, hank, booking, and packing. - 4hrs.
8) Raw silk testing – importance of raw silk testing, visual and mechanical- size
deviation, evenness, cleanness, neatness, serigraph, seriplane test, cohesion
test, tenacity test, and grading. – 8 hrs.
9) Silk throwing- winding, doubling, twisting, rewinding etc. – 4 hrs.
10) Wet processing - Degumming, bleaching, dyeing of raw silk. – 8 hrs.
11) Weaving- mechanism, hand and power loom. - 6 hrs.
12) Spun silk- raw materials, procedure, spun silk industries in Karnataka. -4hrs.
PRACTICAL 5.4 - SILK TECHNOLOGY

(Marks: 50 (40 + 10 IA)
[Teaching hours per week – 4 hrs; Duration of Exam – 4 hours.]
1) Study of commercial characters of cocoons – bi and multivoltine races.

2) Sorting of cocoons - calculation of good and defective cocoon percentage.
3) Deflossing – manual and mechanical,
4) Different methods of cocoon cooking – single pan and three pan.
5) Reeling of single cocoons- determination of average filament length, non-
breakable filament length, denier and renditta
6) Reeling – Country Charaka, multiend machine. Identification of different parts
of reeling machines.
7) Re-reeling.
8) Degumming, bleaching, and dyeing of raw silk.
9) Finishing – Preparation of skein, lacing, booking, and packing
10) Visit to cocoon markets, reeling units, weaving mills, silk exchange and spun
silk mills.
145
SEMESTER – VI
PAPER – 6.1 ADVANCES IN SERICULTURE
Total Teaching hours: 70 (Marks: 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA) Duration of Exam: 3 hours
Theory
Section A – Mulberry Biotechnology and Computer Applications

1) Fundamentals of Biotechnology. - 2 hrs.
2) History, scope and development of plant biotechnology. Prospects of
Biotechnology in sericulture in India. - 2 hrs.
3) Organization of plant tissue culture laboratory. - 2 hrs.
4) Introduction to in vitro culture methods w. r. t. mulberry. -2 hrs.
5) Growth regulators and their role in tissue culture. - 4hrs.
6) Different types of Medium and their preparation and composition. - 4 hrs
7) Micro propagation- Anther and pollen culture in mulberry, mulberry meristem
culture. - 3 hrs.
8) Production of tripoloid plant through in vitro culture and regeneration of plants.
Cryopreservation. - 3 hrs
9) Importance and application of tissue culture in mulberry breeding. - 3hrs.
10) Fundamentals of computers, History, characteristics, components and types
of computers. - 5 hrs
11) Operating systems of Computer. - 2 hrs.
12) Applications of computer in sericulture. Application of remote sensing in
sericulture. - 3hrs.
Section B – Silkworm Biotechnology and Bioinformatics.

1) Introduction and scope of animal biotechnology. Organization of Laboratory,
Preparation of reagents, Microscopy, sterilization techniques. - 4 hrs.
2) Techniques for animal and insect cell culture. - 3 hrs.
3) Animal cell culture media and their composition. Preparation of media for
insect cell culture. - 4 hrs.
4) DNA structure and their composition. Molecular markers. Molecular marker
assisted breeding in silkworm. - 5 hrs.
5) Recombinant DNA technology- trends and prospects and applications.
Production of transgenic silkworms. - 5 hrs.
6) Biotechnological approaches in silkworm – biomedical research, biomedical
materials, production of recombinant proteins and breeding. - 4 hrs
7) General account of Bioinformatics and databases. - 4 hrs
8) Information Processes in Biology. Introduction to Genomics and proteomics
and their databases. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. DNA and
Protein sequence databases, DNA and Protein sequence analysis
programmes and packages. Database structure, file formats, retrieval of
sequence information from DNA and protein databases. - 5 hrs
9) Applications of bioinformatics in sericulture. - 1 hr
146
PRACTICAL 6.2 - ADVANCES IN SERICULTURE
(Marks: 50 (40 + 10 IA)
1) Preparation of reagents, organization of laboratory and sterilization

techniques.
2) Preparation of plant tissue culture media.
3) Callus formation using plant explants.
4) Anther and pollen culture in mulberry.
5) Growth regulators and their application in mulberry tissue culture.
6) Techniques of insect cell culture.
7) Animal cell culture media and their composition. Preparation of media for
insect cell culture.
8) Quantitative estimation of protein and DNA.
9) Fundamentals of Computers - Hardware and Software, Operating systems.
10) Information Processes in Biology – Databases and Computational Biology.
147
PAPER 6.3 – SERICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION
Marks: 100 (80 Theory + 20 IA), Total Teaching hours: 70) Duration of Exam: 3 hours
Theory
1) Basic concepts, scope and objectives of economics. - 4 Hrs

2) Economic growth and development with reference to rural development.
- 4 Hrs
3) Role of sericulture in rural development and in improvement of national
economy. - 5 Hrs
4) Economics of Sericulture – economics of mulberry cultivation under rainfed
and irrigated conditions. - 5 Hrs
5) Comparative account of mulberry cultivation and other commercial crops -
sugar cane, cotton, and groundnut. - 5 Hrs
6) Economics of silkworm rearing w.r.t different rearing methods. - 5 Hrs
7) Economics of silk reeling and weaving. - 5Hrs
8) Meaning of extension education- objectives and principles of extension
education, horizontal and vertical extension. - 5 Hrs
9) Comparative account of formal education and extension education, Extension
education programme planning and different methods, Characters of
Extension Worker. - 10 Hrs
10) Organization of sericulture industry in Karnataka w.r.t. extension. - 2 Hrs
11) Extension education teaching methods – Demonstrations, Meetings,
12) Farmer’s training, Field days, Group contact methods, exhibitions,Field trips,
etc. - 12 Hrs
13) Extension Education teaching aids – posters, pamphlets, audio-visual aids
etc. - 3 Hrs
14) Role of NGO, Research and Extension Centers and other organizations in
extension of sericulture. Facilities by Government. - 5 Hrs
PRACTICAL 6.4 - SERICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION

(Marks: 50 (40 + 10 IA)
1. Study of Economics of Mulberry cultivation and other commercial crops-

sugarcane, sunflower, cotton and groundnut. Estimation of leaf yield of
mulberry garden,
2. Organization of extension education programme – study of differences
between formal and Extension education
3. Demonstration – different methods of demonstrations
4. Procedures for Organization of group discussion, meeting and exhibition.
5. Project work – Preparation of extension education teaching materials.
6. Visit to Farmer’s mulberry garden, silkworm rearing house and reeling units.
7. Different types of Audio-visual aids and their uses in extension education.
148
References:
1. Plant Breeding – B.D. Singh, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

2. Elementary principles of Plant Breeding – H.K. Chowdary, Oxford and IBH
Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Principles of Plant Breeding – R.C. Chowdary, Oxford and IBH Company Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Genetic Resources of Mulberry and its utilization – K. Sengupta and S. B.
Dandin, CSR&TI, Mysore.
5. Sericulture Manual Vol. 1 – Mulberry Cultivation, FAO, Oxford and IBH, New
Delhi.
6. An Introduction to Sericulture – G. GAnga, J. Sulochana Chetty, Oxford and
IBH Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
7. Principles of Sericulture – Hisao Aruga, Translated from Japanese, Oxford &
IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
8. Principles of Temperate Sericulture – Afifa S. Kamili and M. Amin Masoodi,
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
9. The Silkworm – Biology, Genetics and Breeding – Dilip de Sarkar, Vikas
Publishing Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore.
10. Silkworm – an important Laboratory tool – Y. Tazima,
11. Genetics – Edgar Altenberg, Oxford And IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi.
12. The Genetics of the Silkworm – Y. Tazima, National Institute for Genetics,
Japan.
13. Silkworm Genetics Illustrated – Tadao Yokoyoma. D., Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
14. Sericulture manual Vol.2 – Silkworm Rearing, FAO, Oxford and IBH, New
Delhi.
15. Silkworm Breeding – G. Sreeramareddy, Oxford and IBH New Delhi.
16. Silkworm Breeding – Eikichi Hiratsuka, Translated from Japanese, Oxford and
IBH, New Delhi.
17. Principles and Techniques of Silkworm Breeding – United Nations, New York.
18. Sericulture manual Vol.3 – Silk Reeling, FAO, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
19. Handbook of Silk Technology – T.N. Sonwalkar, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New
Delhi.
20. Textbook of Tropical Sericulture – JICA, Tokyo, Japan.
21. Appropriate Sericulture Techniques- M. S. Jolly, CSR & TI, Mysore.
22. Handbook of Sericulture Technologies – S. B. Dandin, Central Silk Board,
Bangalore.
23. Raw Silk Reeling – B.H. Kim, Associated Business Centre Ltd., Colombo, Sri
Lanka.
24. Silk Reeling – Huanf Guo Rui, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
25. Structure of Silk Yarn, Vol. 1 – Biological and Physical aspects – Nobumasa
Hojo.
26. Silk Production and Weaving in India – C.C.Gosh.
27. Elements of Biotechnology – P.K. Gupta, Rastogi Publications.
28. Biotechnology in crop improvement – H. S. Chawla. International Book
Distributing Co.
29. An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture – M.K. Razdan, Oxford and IBH, New
Delhi.
30. Text Book of Biotechnology – Chatwal G.R., Anmold Publications, Pvt. Ltd.
149
31. Plant cell, Tissue and Organ culture:Fundamental methods – Gamborg and
Philips, Narosa Publications.
32. Animal Cell culture – A Practical approach- John. R.W.
33. An Introduction to Extension Education – S.V. Supe, Oxford and IBH, New
Delhi.
34. Guide to Sericulture Extension – Dwarkinathan, Central Silk Board,
Bangalore.
35. Extension Programme Planning – A. S. Sandhu, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
36. Economics – A. Samuelson & William D.
37. Economics – By Richard David Wolff, Stephen A. Resnick, Johns Hopkins
Univ Press.
38. Economics of Sericulture under rainfed conditions – M.S. Jolly CSR&TI,
Mysore.
39. Economics of Sericulture under irrigated conditions – M.S. Jolly CSR&TI,
Mysore.
40. Recommended to refer Indian Silk, Current Science, Indian Journal of
Seriuculture, Sericologia for advances in Sericulture related information’s
[\[\
150
YOGA STUDIES
SEMESTER – V
Paper-V: Yoga Philosophy
Max.Marks: 100 (80 Theory+20 Internal/ Assessment) Duration: 4 Hrs.
Unit – I. Introduction to Yoga Philosophy:

1. Yoga, its meaning, definitions, aims & objectives
2. Brief introduction to Philosophy, its nature, Scope, its distinction from
religion and Science.
3. Salient features of Indian Philosophy, its distinction from Western
Philosophy.
4. Relationship between Yoga & Indian Philosophy, Yoga and Religion.
Unit – II. Yoga Philosophy, Its Origin, History & Development:

1. Yoga, its origin- Philosophical, Psychological & Myth logical.
2. History and development of Yoga from ancient time to modern times-
Vedas Upanishads, Puranas, Smriti, Gita, & later development.
3. Yoga in Shad-darshanas
4. Yoga in Jainism & Buddhism
5. Yoga and Mysticism
Unit – III. Schools of Yoga:

1. Introduction-Philosophical foundation and Practices of different Schools
of Yoga
2. Jnaana-Yoga
3. Bhakti-Yoga
4. Karma-Yoga
5. Hatha-Yoga
6. Raja-Yoga
7. Kundalini-Yoga
Unit – IV. Conceptions of Yoga:

1. Concept of Prakriti and Purusha and evolution
2. Pancha Koshas
3. Svarodaya, Nadis, Vaayus & Chakras
4. Satkaryavaada
5. Concept of Isvara in the Yoga
6. Concept of Yogic Anatomy
7. Bondage and Liberation
151
K. Werner Yoga and Indian Philosophy Motilal Banarsidas, Delhi, 1979.

Swami Spiritual Heritage of Indian Sri. Ramkrishna Math, Madras,
Prabhavananda (English) Bharatiy 2004.
Adhyatmika Parampare (Kan)
Shrama, A Critical Survey of Indian Motilal Banarsidas, Delhi, 2000.
Chandradhar Philosophy
Stephen Sturges The Yoga Book Motilal Banarsidas, Delhi, 2004.
Swami Jnanananda Philosophy of Yoga Sri. Ramkrishnanshrama, Mysore
Swami Vivekananda Jnana Yoga, Bhakti, Karma
Advana Ashrama, Culcutta,
Yoga, Raja Yoga 2000.
Swami Atmananda Four Yogas Bharatiya Vidyabhavana,
Bombay, 1966.
C.D.Sharma A Critical Survey of Indian Motilal Banarasdas Pub. New
Philosophy Delhi.
Jestha Varaman Yoga Meemouse Arya Samaja, Swami
(Anu) Shradhananda Bhavana,
Bangalore.
Blawyn and Jones Chakra workout for body, Pustak Mahal, Bangalore
Mind & Spirit
S.N. Dasgupta Hindu Mysticism Motilal Banarsidas Pub. Delhi,
Bangalore.
Yoga Practical-V : PRACTICAL TRAINING IN YOGA
Max.Marks:50 (40 Practicals + 10 Internal Assessments) Duration: 4 Hrs./Week
I. Repetition of Previous Yoga Practices thought in the semester IV
II. Practice of the following Yogic Practices with brief theoretical knowledge
about their importance of name, his technique, salient points, Precautions
to be taken and advantages of each of the following
Yogic Practices, e.g-Asanas, Pranayama, Mudras.
A. Asanas-
ParivrattaParshvakonasaana, Virabhadrasana, UtthitaHasttasana,
Padangustasaana, Ardhabaddha -
Padmapasachimottanasana, Dhanurasana, Chaturangasana, Garudasana,
Lolasana, Karnapidasana,
Ardhapadmajancesirusana, Parvataasana Pranaama, Gulpa Vajrasaana.
B. Bandhas-
Jihvabandha
C. Mudras-
Jnana-Mudra
152
Dhyana-Mudra
D. Pranayamas –
Vratti Pranayama
Murcha Pranayama
E. Meditation-
Object-meditation
F. Journal-
Swami Kuvulyananda Asanas Kaivalyadhama, Lonavala,1982.

Tiaari, O.P Asana Why and How Kaivalyadhama, Lonavala,1991.
Swami Satyananda Asana,Pranayama,Mudra, Bihar Schools of Yoga, Manger,
Saraswati Bandha 1989.
Iyengar B.K.S Yoga Deepika (Kannada) V.K.Yogas,Bangalore,1989.
Prakash Yogi Yogamrutadeepika Patanjali YogaShrama Trust,
(Kannada) Bangalore, 2002.
Thathuvagnani Vethathiri Simplified Physical Vazhga Volamudar, Erode.
Maharishi Exercises
C. Sitaram Samanya Roogagalige Vasan Book Depo, Bangalore,
Yoga Chikiste 1998.
Dr. M.L.Gharote Yogic Techniques The Lonaval Yoga Institute India,
Lonaval, 1999.
Geeta S.Iyengar Yoga-a gem for Women Allied Publishers Limited, ISBN,
2000
Swami Satyananda Pranayama Kaivalyadhama, Lonavala,1983.
Nagendra H.R. The arte & Science of V.K.Yogas,Bangalore,1993.
Pranayama
Swami Dhyana Jeevan Deepika Ramakrishnashrama Bangalore,
Yateeshwarananda (Kannada) 1984.
Nimbalkar S.P Yoga for Health & Peace Yoga Vidya Niketan, Bombay, 1992.
Iyengar B.K.S Yoga (Asanagalu, V.K.Yogas,Bangalore-1998.
Pranayama, Mudregalu,
Kriyegalu,Kriyegalu)
Lajapat Rai and Others Meditation: Techniques Anubhava Rai Publication
and there Scientific Gurgaon, 1999.
Evaluation
Paper-VI : Yoga Psychology
Unit-I. Psychology & Yoga :

1. Nature of psychology
2. Definition of psychology
3. Methods of psychology
4. Yogic concept of Chitta
5. Relationship between Yoga & psychology
153
Unit-II. Mental Processes:
1. Attention, Sensation
2. Perception
3. Memory
4. Stages of Memory
5. Improving Memory
Unit-III. Biological basis of behavior:

1. Nervous System
2. Peripheral nervous System
3. Central nervous System
4. Sense Organs
5. Glandular Systems
Unit-IV. Personality:
1. Meaning of Personality
2. Indian approaches to Personality
3. Psychoanalytical approach
4. Humanistic approach
5. Personality assessment
6. Personality Development
Unit-V. Psychopathology:
1. The concept of normal and the abnormal
2. Causes of abnormality
3. Mental disorders
4. Psychotherapy
5. Yoga Therapy
6. Spiritual Growth
1) Page: abnormal Psychology

2) Dr. karambelkar P.V Patanjalis Yoga Sutra (English) (Pub.Kaivalyadhama
Lonavla, 1989)
3) Iyengar B.K.S: Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (Pub.Harper college Pub.
New Delhi Indus, 1993)
4) Chaubay : Abnormal Psychology
5) Swami Adidevananda : Patanjali Yoga Darshana (Kannada)
(Pub.Sri.Ramkrishnashrama, Mysore 1982).
6) Swami Adhedananda : The Yoga Psychology (Pub.Ramkrishna Vedanta Math
1980).
7) Munn N.L : Introduction to Psychology (Pub.Oxford & IBH Pub.Co.Calcutta)
8) Bhatia H.R : General Psycology (Pub. Oxford & IBH Pub.Co.Calcutta)
9) Dharanendraiah A.S : Samanya Mano Vijnana (Kannada) (Pub.
Mys.Uni.Mysore)
10) Nataraj P.K: Samanya Mano Vijnana Vol I & II (Pub.Mysore Uni.Mysore).
11) K.L.Reddy and B.Krishnamurthy : Psychological Immunity
154
Yoga Practical-VI: PRACTICAL TRAINING IN YOGA
Max.Marks:50 (40 Practicals + 10 Internal Assessments) Duration: 4 Hrs. /Week
I. Repetition of Previous Yoga Practices taught in the Semester-V
II. Practice of the following Yogic practices with brief theoretical

knowledge about their importance of name, the teachique, salient
points, precautions to be taken and advantages of each of the following
Yogic practices, e.g-Asanas, Pranayamas, Mudras, Neditation
A. Asanas-
Swastikasana, Vrakshasana, Parsva Dhanurasana, Bhekasana,
Ardhabaddha-paschimottanasana, Purna Shashankasana, Niralamba-
Bhujangasana I&II Urdhav Mukhabhaddha Padma paschimottanasana,
Mulasana, Uttaana-Padmasana, Ekapadahalasana.
B. Mudras-
Hastamudra
Nasikmudra
C. Pranayamas-
Bija Pranayama
Plaavini Praanayama
D. Meditation
Subject-meditation
Yogiraj Behramji Yogasana for Health Himalayan Yoga Institute,1989.

Dhirendra Yogasana Vijnana Dhirendra Yoga Publications, New
Brahmachari Delhi, 1989.
Tiruka Yogasanagalu (Kannada) Ananthashevashrama, Malladihalli,
1989
Yogeshwar The Text book of Yoga Yoga Centre,Madras
Lajapat Rai A Physiological Approach to C.R.I.Y.New Dheli.1996.
Yoga
Gharote M.L. Pranayama – The Science of The Lonavala Yoga Institute,
Breath Lonavala, 2003.
Ajit Kumar Yoga Pravesha (Kannada) Rastrothana Sahitya Parishat,
Bangalore, 1984.
Tiruka Shatkriyegalu (Kannada) Ananthashevashrama, Malladihalli
Kattimani R.V Manashantigagi Dhyana Usha Enterprisec, Bangalore,2004
(Kannada)
Swami Satyananda Surya Namaskar Bihar School of Yoga, Munger,
Saraswati 1983.
Dr. Patrick Horay & Hot Water Therapy Orient Paper Backs, New Delhi,
David Harp 1997.
Geeta S.Iyengar Yoga-a gem for Women Allied Publishers Limited, ISBN,
2000
Lajapat Rai and Meditation: Techniques and Anubhava Rai Publication Gurgaon,
Others there Scientific Evaluation 1999.
155
SEMESTER – VI
Paper-VII : Yoga Therapy
Max.Marks: 100 (80 Theory+20 Internal/ Assessment) Duration: 4 Hrs
Unit- I. Yoga and Health

1. The Nature, Scope & importance of Yoga therapy
2. Definition & Meaning of Health - WHO concept
3. Yoga therapy as promotion of positive health.
4. Health concept in Ayurveda.
5. Health concept in Naturopathy
6. Yoga is a way of healthy living
Unit- II. Effect of Yogic Practices on different Diseases

1. Hypertension 2. Diabetes Mellitus 3. Asthma 4. Sinusitis
5. Obesity 6. Backache 7. Constipation 8.Acitidy
9. Arthritis 10. Hemiplegia
Unit- III. Yoga & Diet

1. Diet- the Yogic Concept
2. Classification of Food- Mordern concept.
3. Concept of Triguna
4. Concept of Tridosha
5. Balanced Diet
Unit-IV. Yogic concepts of Body

1. Pancha Kosha
2. Pancha Mahabhuta
3. Prana
4. Nadi
5. Chakra
Unit-V. Effects of Yogic Practices on various system of Human Body
1. Effect on Musculoskeletal System

2. Excretory system
3. Effect on Cardiovascular System
4. Effect on Respiratory System
5. Effect on Digestive System
Reference Books:
Gore M.M Anatomy & Physiology of Kanchana Prakashana,

Yogic teaches Lonaval
Dr. Phulgendra sinha Yogic cure for common Orient Paperbacks, New
diseases Delhi, 1976
Swami Satyananda Yogic management of Bihar School of Yoga,
Saraswati common derives Manger, 1986
Swami Kuvalyananda Asana Kaivalyadhama, Lonavla.
Udupa K.N Stress and Management by ---”----
Yoga
156
Swami Kuvalyananda Pranayama ---”----
Swami Kuvalyananda & S.T Yogic therapy-Its Basic ---”----
Dr. Vinekar Principles and Methods
Vaghbhata Astanga Hrdaya ---”----
Sushruta Sushrata Samhita ---”----
Bihar School of Yoga Yoga for common diseases ---”----
Yoga Practical-VII: PRACTICAL TRAINING IN YOGA
Max.Marks:50 (40 Practicals + 10 Internal Assessments) Duration: 4 Hrs./Week
I. Repetition of previous Yoga Practices taught in the semester-VI
II. Practice of the following Yogic practices with brief theoretical knowledge
about their importance of name, the technique, salient points, precautions to
be taken and advantage of each of the following Yogic practices,eg-Asanas,
Pranayamas, Mudras, Meditation.
A. Asanas-
Siddhasana Golavasana, Goraksasana, Trianga Mukhaikapada.
Paschimottanasana, Santulanasana, Poorvattanasana, Paryankasana, Ubhaya
Padangusthasana. Setubondhasana, Urdhva Mukha Paschimottanasana,
Bharadvajasana, Eka Pada setubandha Sarvangasana, Padangustha
Dhanurasana, Vistratapada halasana.
B. Mudras-
Chinmudra
Chinmayamudra
C. Pranayamas-
Yogendra Pranayama – 3 types
D. Meditation –
Vipassana-Meditation
E. Journal-

Yogiraj Behramji Yogasana for Health Himalayan Yoga
Institute,1989.
Dhirendra Brahmachari Yogasana Vijnana Dhirendra Yoga Publications,
New Delhi,1989.
Tiaari, O.P Asana Why and How Kaivalyadhama,
Lonavala,1991.
Tiruka Yogasanagalu (Kannada) Ananthashevashrama,
Malladihalli, 1989
Swami Satyananda Pranayama Kaivalyadhama,
Lonavala,1983.
157
Nagendra H.R. The arte & Science of V.K.Yogas,Bangalore,1993.
Pranayama
Joshi K.S. Yogic Pranayama Orient Paperback, New
Delhi,1990
Tiruka Shatkriyegalu (Kannada) Ananthashevashrama,
Malladihalli
Swami Dhyana Jeevan Deepika Ramakrishnashrama
Yateeshwarananda (Kannada) Bangalore, 1984.
Nimbalkar S.P Yoga for Health & Peace Yoga Vidya Niketan, Bombay,
1992.
Iyengar B.K.S The Art of Yoga V.K.Yogas,Bangalore.
Dr.Devaki Devadas Adhunic Yugakke Yoga Vevadri Publications,
(Kannada) Tamilnadu
C. Sitaram Samanya Roogagalige Vasan Book Depo, Bangalore,
Yoga Chikiste 1998.
Swami Abhiyananda Yoga –It Theory and Ramakrishna Vedantamath,
Practice Culcutta, India, 1997.
Geeta S.Iyengar Yoga-a gem for Women Allied Publishers Limited,
ISBN, 2000
Osho Meditation Rajaneesh Ashrama, Poona.
Osho Meditation First & Last ---”---
freedom
Paper-VIII : Yoga as Spiritual Science
Unit-I. Yoga, Spiritualism and Science

1. Spiritualism its meaning, definitions, aims & Objectives
2. Relationship between Yoga and Spiritualism, Yoga and Science
3. Philosophy, Religion, Spiritualism and Yoga & their mutual dependence
4. Yoga therapy & Spiritualism
5. Yogasanas & Spiritualism
Unit-II. Yoga and Consciousness

1. Psychological theories of Consciousness
2. Magnetism, Genetic centre and Gravity
3. Upanisadic conception of Consciousness (Panchakoshas)
4. Jagrat, Swapna, Sushipti and Turiya
Unit-III. Soul: its Bondage & Liberation

1) Concept of Soul in Indian Philosophy
2) Concept of Soul in Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism &
Veerasaivism
3) The means & paths of Liberation in Indian Philosophy
4) The means and the paths of Liberation in Hinduism Jainism,
Buddhism & Veerasaivism
5) Jivanmukti, Videhamukti, Nirvana & Kaivalya
158
Unit-IV. Yoga, Globalization & Future Mankind
1. Spiritual Globalization
2. The Necessity of Unity of Religions
3. Comparative Religious approach and Emergence of Universal
Religion.
4. Non-Violence and Universal Brotherhood
Unit- V. Yoga, Spiritualism & Global Peace.

1. Peace- Its definitions, aims and objectives.
2. Yoga, Food, Health, Peace within & Peace without
3. The concept of Renunciation as a Spiritio-Yogic Solace to
Mankind
4. Yoga, Spiritualism & Global Peace.
Books for reference:
Vethathiri Maharshi Blue Print for world Peace Vethathiri Publications, Erode-
638001
Vethathiri Maharshi Journey of Brain Trust-Publ. Aliyr-642101
Consciousness
Vethathiri Maharshi Genetic Centre Brain Trust-Publ. Aliyr-642101
Vethathiri Maharshi The Gravity of Gravity & Vethathiri Pub. Erode-638001
Consciousness.
Prof. Problem and Perspectives Prof.Girish Sharma Gauhati
B.P.Siddhashrama (Ed) of Social Philosophy Vol-4 University, Guwahati.
Prof. Spiritual Globalization Siddha Prakashana No.31.
B.P.Siddhashrama Siddharoodha Nagar, Srinagar,
Dharwad
--- ”--- The Metaphysics & the Siddha Prakashana No.31.

Mysticism of Shri Siddharoodha Nagar, Srinagar,
Nijagunashivayogi Dharwad.
Prof. Global Spiritualism Siddha Prakashana No.31.
B.P.Siddhashrama (Ed) Siddharoodha Nagar, Srinagar,
Dharwad.
--- ”--- «zÁågÀtågÀ fÃªÀ£ÀÄäQÛ «ªÉÃPÀzÀ Siddha Prakashana No.31.
vÀvÀé¹zÁÞAvÀ Siddharoodha Nagar, Srinagar,
Dharwad.
Swami Muktananda From the finite to the By Sydafoundation P.O.Box-600
Paramhamsa Infinite South Fallsdurg NY12779
¸Áé«Ä AiÀÄwÃ±ÀégÁ£ÀAzÀ zsÁå£À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ DzsÁåwäPÀ fÃªÀ£À gÁªÀÄPÀÈµÀÚ D±ÀæªÀÄ §¸ÀªÀ£ÀUÀÄr gÀ¸ÉÛ,
¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
S.C.Nadimath Handbook of L.E.Association, Dharwad(1941).
Veerasaivism
159
Yoga Practical-VIII : PRACTICAL TRAINING IN YOGA
Max.Marks:50 (40 Practicals + 10 Internal Assessments) Duration: 4 Hrs. /Week
I. Repetition of Previous Yoga Practices taught in the Semester –VII
II. Practice of the following Yogic Practices with brief theoretical knowledge
about their importance of name, the technique, salient points, Precautions to
be taken and advantages of each of the following Yogic practices, eg.
Asanas, Pranayamas, Mudras, Meditation.
A. Asanas-
Dhanvan Veerasana, Hansa Veerasana, Kraunchasana, Marichyasana,
Vipavistha konasana , Adho Mukha Matsyasana, Brhma dandasana,
Niralamba sarvangasana, Padma Shirshasana,
Mulabandhasana,Anantasana, Samakonasana, Eka Pada Sirsasana,
Parivrtta Parsvakonasana.
B. Mudras-
Pranavamudra
Yoni Mudra
Simha-Mudra
C. Pranayamas-
Kundalini Pranayama
Panchamahabhuta Pranayama
D. Meditation-
Transcendental Meditation.
E. Journal-
Dr. M.L.Gharote Yogic Techniques The Lonaval Yoga Institute

India, Lonaval, 1999.
Swami Kuvulyananda Asanas Kaivalyadhama,
Lonavala,1982.
Lajapat Rai A Physiological Approach to C.R.I.Y.New Dheli.1996.
Yoga
Lajapat Rai and Others Meditation: Techniques and Anubhava Rai Publication
there Scientific Evaluation Gurgaon, 1999.
Iyengar B.K.S Pranayama Deepika V.K.Yogas,Bangalore,1991.
(Kannada)
Swami Rama and Science of Breath The Himalayan International
Others Institute of Yoga Science,
160
Pennselvenia, 1979.
Gharote M.L. Pranayama – The Science of The Lonavala Yoga Institute,
Breath Lonavala,2003.
Ajit Kumar Yoga Pravesha (Kannada) Rastrothana Sahitya Parishat,
Bangalore, 1984.
Geeta S.Iyengar Yoga-a gem for Women Allied Publishers Limited,
ISBN, 2000
Thathuvagnani Simplified Physical Exercises Vazhga Volamudar, Erode.
Vethathiri Maharishi
Iyengar B.K.S Yoga (Asanagalu, V.K.Yogas,Bangalore-1998.
Pranayama,Mudregalu,
Kriyegalu,Kriyegalu)
Osho The Disciplire of Rajaneesh Ashrama, Poona.
Transcendence Vol.1-4.
[\[\
161
ZOOLOGY
SEMESTER – V
PAPER 5.1 – CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

MARKS 80+20
3hrs/week
SECTION A: CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF CELL BIOLOGY 2hrs

Light and electron microscopy, cell fractionation, cytochemistry.
CELL AND CELL ORGANELLES 6hrs

Ultra structure of an animal cell, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Plasma membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria,
Ribosomes and nucleus – molecular structure and function.
CHROMOSOMES 2 hrs
Chromosome number, size and types, chromosomal morphology – fine structure and
models, heterochromatin and euchromatin.
NUCLEIC ACIDS 2hrs

Identification of genetic material – Griffith’s experiment, structure of DNA – (Watson
and Crick DNA model) –Types of DNA and RNA. Replication of DNA.
CELL CYCLE 2hrs

Interphase – the G1, S and G2 phases. Molecular events at defined stages of cell
cycle.
MEIOSIS 2hrs
Phases of meiotic cycle. First meiotic division: prophase I – leptotene, zygotene,
pachytene, synaptonemal complex and recombination and diplotene. Mechanism of
crossing over. Dikinesis, metaphase I anaphase I telophase I and cytokinesis.
Second meiotic division. Significance of meiosis.
162
CANCER AND CARCINOGENIC AGENTS 2hrs
Types of cancer. Oncogenes – carcinogenic agents (physical, chemical and
biological) – causes of human cancer.
SECTION B -DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION 1hr
Theories of development and differentiation. Branches of embryology, scope of
embryology.
GAMETOGENESIS 2hrs
Spermatogenesis. Formation of spermatids – spermiogenesis – structure of mature
spermatozoon. Oogenesis – in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates.
FERTILIZATION 2hrs
Kinds of fertilization – approximation of gametes – fertilizin and antiferilizin –
acrosome reaction – cortical reaction – amphimixis. Monospermic and polyspermic
fertilization. Significance of fertilization.
PARTHENOGENESIS 1hr
Kinds of parthenogenesis (natural – arrhenotoky, thelytoky and cyclical). Artificial
parthenogenesis. Significance of parthenogenesis
CLEAVAGE 2hrs
Laws of cleavage, types of cleavage, holoblastic, meroblastic, radial and spiral types
with examples. Effects of yolk on cleavage.
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF FROG 2hrs

Structure of frog’s egg, cleavage, blastula, fate maps of blastula,
gastrulation,mormphogenesis, notogenesis, and neurulation.
EXTRAEMBRYONIC MEMBRANES OF CHICK 3hrs

Development, structure and functions of yolksac, amnion, chorion and allantois.
163
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF CHICK 3hrs
Structure of hen’s egg, cleavage, blastula, gastrulation, origin and structure of
primitive streak, structure of 18, 24, 48 hour chick embryos.
ORGANIZER PHENOMENON 3hrs

Definition, potencies of the dorsal lip of the blastopore of amphibian gastrula.
Brachet’s experiment, experiment of Spemann and Mangold, induction, chemical
nature of organizer, parts of organizer, theories of organizer phenomenon. .
PLACENTA 2hrs
Yolksac placenta, allantoic placenta, structure and functions of placenta,
morphological and histological, classification of placenta with examples.
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN FOETUS 2hrs

Menstrual cycles and ovulation, fertilization, morula, blastocyst, implantation,
gastrulation, twins and multiple births.
MODERN TRENDS IN REPRODUCTION 2hrs

In vitro fertilization (IVF) and sperm bank, surrogate mother, cloning.
PRACTICAL 5.1 Marks40+10

4hrs/week
CELL BIOLOGY:
1. Study of fixatives and stains: preparation of formaldehyde (4 to 10%).
ALCOHOL (70 TO 100%) Bouin’s fixative, Carnoy’s, borax carmine (alcoholic),
eosin (alcoholic), iron (haemotoxylin), acetocarmine, aceto – orcien, Schiff’s
reagent (Feulgen method) and Giemsa’s stain.
2. Observation and study of permanent slides for mitosis, meiosis and salivary
gland chromosomes
3. Squash preparation of onion root tip to study stages of mitosis.
4. Squash preparation of grass hopper testis to study stages of meiosis.
5. Squash preparation of salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila.
164
Developmental biology:
1. Stages of development of frog: the study of cleavage stages, blastula,
gastrula, and neurula and various stages of tadpole.
2. Observation of various stages of frog development in nature.
3. Study of permanent slides of chick embryo: 18 hrs, 24 hrs, 36 hrs, and 48 hrs
(WM) and T.S. of 18 hrs and 24 hrs embryos.
4. Mounting of chick embryo.
Scheme of Practical Examination: Practical 5.1

1. Composition and use of a) fixative 2
b) stain 2
2. Stages of mitosis/meiosis (two stages) 4
3. Squash preparation 10
4. Mounting of chick embryo 10
5. Identifications:
(Developmental stages of frog (2) and chick (2)) - 08
6. Journal 04
------------
Total 40
165
PAPER 5.2 – GENETICS & BIOSTATISTICS Marks 80+20
Total hrs 45
3hrs/week
INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS 4hrs

Heredity and environment, Definition of genotype, phenotype, Mendel and his
contributions, monohybrid and dihybrid problems.
INTERACTION OF GENES 6hrs

Supplementary factors – 9:3:3:1.
Example – comb pattern in fowls.
Dominant epistasis – 12:3:1.
Example – Plumage colour in Leghorn and Wyandotte, coat colour in dog.
Recessive epistasis – 9:3:4.
Example – coat colour in sweet peas.
Complementary factors – 9:7.
Example – flower colour in sweet peas.
Lethal gene – coat colour in mice.
MULTIPLE ALLELES 3hrs

Inheritance of coat colour in mice. Isoalleles – pseudoalleles and position
effect.
ABO blood groups in human. Rh – factor.
LINKAGE AND CROSSING OVER 2hrs

Linkage in Drosophila – theories of linkage – crossing over – cytological basis of
crossing over. Significance of crossing over. Genetic map of chromosomes
SEX DETERMINATION 3hrs

Chromosomal mechanism of sex determination. Genic balance theory,
gynandromorphs and intersexes. Klinefelter’s and Turner’s syndromes.
Environmental and hormonal effects on determination of sex. Amniocentesis.
SEX LINKED INHERITANCE 3hrs

Sexlinked inheritance in Drosophila and man. Haemophilia and
colour blindness in man. Sex linkage in poultry. Y – linked genes
MUTATIONS 3hrs
Chromosomal aberrations, molecular basis of gene mutation and types.
166
HUMAN GENETICS AND EUGENICS 4hrs
Common human genetic disorders–inborn errors of metabolism–albinism–
phenylketonuria, alkaptonuria, sickle cell anaemia, thalassemia, Huntington’s
chorea. Eugenics.
PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS AND GENETIC CODE 4hrs

Components of protein biosynthesis. Mechanism of protein biosynthesis – genetic
code – properties of genetic code – Wobble hypothesis.
GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 4hrs

Genetic engineering – isolation of DNA – molecular cloning – gene cloning and gene
library. diagnosis of hereditary diseases DNA finger printing and PCR technique,
applications of biotechnology.
BIO-STATISTICS 9hrs
Use of statistics in life Sciences, data collection, representation, observations
and variables. Sampling and sampling methods, tabular and graphical
representations- frequency tables, line graphs, bar graphs, histograms,
frequency polygon and curve and pie-charts.
Measure of central tendency: mean, median and mode. Range, Standard deviation
and standard error.
PRACTICAL 5.2 Marks 40+10

4hrs/week
1. Karyotype analysis: Normal male, Normal female, Down’s syndrome, Catcry
syndrome, Turner,s syndrome, Kleinfelter’s syndrome and 21 monosomy.
2. Mutant forms of drosophila
3. Genetic problems: Monohybrid inheritance (4). Dihybrid inheritance (4)
4. Genetic problems: Multiple alleles – ABO blood group in humans (4)
5. Sex – linked inheritance in drosophila (2). Sex – linked inheritance in humans
(2)
6. Calculation of allele frequency – PTC (phenyl thio carbamide), tongue rolling,
attached ear lobes in human
7. Bio-statistics practicals
167
1) Form a frequency distribution table and draw a histo –gram, frequency
polygon and frequency curve
2) Measures of central tendency a) Obtain the mean; median and mode
b) form a frequency distribution table of the data and than compute
mean, median and mode
1. Karyotype analysis 10
2. Mutant form of drosophila. 05
3. Genetic problem (Two) 10
4. Blood group 05
5. Bio-statistics 05
6. Journal 05
---------------
Total 40
168
SEMESTER - VI
Marks 80+20
Total hrs 45
PAPER 6.1 – ECOLOGY, ZOOGEOGRAPHY & WILD LIFE BIOLOGY

3 hrs/week
Section A: ECOLOGY:
INTRODUCTION 2hrs
Ecological spectrum, subdivisions of ecology, scope of ecology.
ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC FACTORS 6hrs

Abiotic factors – light – effect of light on plants animals. Temperature – thermal
stratification – extreme temperature – cyclomorphosis. Adaptations to extreme
temperatures. Soil – soil organisms, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, fire and wind.
Biotic factors – animal relationships – mutualism, commensalisms, parasitism,
amensalism, predation and competition with relevant examples.
HABITATS 6hrs
Marine habitat – Zonation of the sea and ecological classification of marine biota –
coastal ecology – estuarine ecology and mangroves.
Freshwater habitat – Lentic and lotic systems. Ecological classification of fresh water
animals.
Terrestrial habitat – A brief account of biomes.
Ecological adaptations to marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats.
POPULATION ECOLOGY 3hrs

Population density, natality and mortality, age distribution, population growth
rate, population growth curves, biotic potential, Allee’s principle and Gause’s
principle.
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY 3 hrs

Community structure, ecological determinants, ecological stratification, ecotone and
edge effect. Ecological niches, ecological succession, climax community, alpha,
beta, gamma diversity, Shanon index.
169
BIO-GEO CHEMICAL CYCLES 5 hrs
Principles and concepts to biogeochemical cycles. Hydrological (water) cycle,
Carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, Oxygen cycle, Sulphur cycle, Phosphorus
cycle.
LIMITING FACTORS 1 hrs

Liebig’s and Shelford’s laws and combined concept of limiting factors.
ECO-TOXICOLOGY: 4 hrs
Definition of toxicology . Toxic chemicals and their impacts, factors affecting the
toxicity. Routes of administration. Effect and response. Synergism and antagonism.
Bio transformation of toxicants, Bio accumulation of toxicants. Bio remediation.
SECTION B – ZOOGEOGRAPHY AND WILD LIFE BIOLOGY:
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS 2 hrs

Continuous and discontinuous distributions with examples – Barriers of dispersal –
topographic and vegetation barriers – large bodies of water as barriers – climatic
barriers.
ZOOGEOGRAPHY 4 hrs
Zoogeographical realms (with subdivision) of world, with climatic conditions and
examples of characteristic fauna – a brief account of Wallace’s line.
SECTION C- WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
DISTRIBUTION OF WILD LIFE IN INDIA 3 hrs

The Himalayan ranges – the peninsular India sub region – Deccan Plateau – the
Western Ghats – Eastern hill chain – Aravalli ranges – the Indian desert – tropical
rain forests – wildlife in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
170
WILD LIFE PROBLEMS 2 hrs
Hunting, overharvesting, habitat destruction due to over population, degradation,
habitat shrinkage, possibilities of climatic changes, transgenic changes.
WILD LIFE CONSERVATION 4 hrs

Need for wild life conservation – agencies engaged in wild life conservation.
Government organisation and non-government organisations (NGOs). Wild life
(protection) Act 1972.
CITES – convention on international trade in endangered species of wild life flora
and fauna – endangered fauna and flora of India. Red data book. Ramsar
convention. CBD – convention on biological diversity. Project tiger.

4hrs/week
1. Estimation of dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, hardness, Chloride, Alkalinity
and pH of water and RQ
2. Study of tropical pond as an ecosystem – study of fauna and flora and
interaction between the various constituents (notes and figure).
3. Location of species of zoological interest on the Indian map and world map.
Flightless birds, tigers, lions, gorilla, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, dipnoi, and
peripatus.
4. Location of tiger reserves, national parks, biosphere reserves, wild life
sanctuaries of India on map.
5. Study of threatened animals of India (by models/pictures/charts) tiger, lion,
one – horned rhinoceros, gaur, golden langur, lion tailed monkey, musk deer,
mouse deer, Kashmir stag, great Indian hornbill and Indian rock python.
6. Study of community: by quadrat method to determine frequency, density and
abundance of different species present in the community. Alpha diversity.
7. Study of biomass of consumers of a particular area by quadrat method – by
determining the dry weight of living organisms – both animals and plants per
unit area.
8. Study of ecological adaptations and morphological pecularities – hermit crab,
stick – insect, glowworm, stinkbug, puffer fish, angler fish, exocoetes,
phrynosoma, draco, chaemeleon, and bat.
171
1. Estimation 10
2. Identifications a) Adaptations 5 10
3. Project work report on Ecology/wildlife Biology 10
4. viva connected with field work report 05
5. Journal 05
----------
Total 40
Marks 80+20
Total hrs 45
3hrs / week
PAPER – 6.2: ETHOLOGY AND APPLIED ZOOLOGY
SECTION A: ETHOLOGY
INTRODUCTION 4hrs
Definition, scope of ethology, Contributions of Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen and
Karl Von Frish
TYPES OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR:

Innate behaviour – taxes, reflexes, instincts and motivation; learned
behaviour – habituation, imprinting, conditioned reflexes and insight learning.
SOCIAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS: 5 hrs

Honey bees, termites, macaques, langurs, and birds (robin, parakeet, bee eater,
kingfisher, wood pecker, crow, baya, swiftlet).
COURTSHIP BEHAVIOUR: 4 hrs

General principles, courtship in cricket, hermit crab, scorpion, ophicephalus,
tilapia, frog and birds (jacanas, spotted dove and birds of paradise).
172
PARENTAL CARE: 4 hrs
Parental care in fishes (hippocampus, ophiocephalus, tilapia, arius), amphibian (with
suitable examples from different orders) and birds (baya, jacanas, babblers, bee
eaters, myna, drongo and sunbirds).
NESTING BEHAVIOUR: 3 hrs

Nests and nesting behaviour in wasps and birds (with available examples).
COLORATION AND MIMICRY: 3hrs

Definition, types of mimicry – Batesian and Mullerian mimicry; protective, aggressive
and warning mimicry with suitable Indian examples.
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION: 2hrs

Functions of signals, odours, sounds and light
SECTION B- APPLIED ZOOLOGY

APICULTURE 3hrs
Importance, history and developments of bee keeping. Different species of honey
bees and their distribution. Management of bees, product and byproducts of
apiculture and their uses
AQUACULTURE 4hrs
Fresh water, brackish water and marine fish culture in India, prawn and pearl
culture.
VERMICULTURE 2hrs
Introduction and importance of vermiculture, uses of eartworms for bio degradation
of organic waste materials, earthworm as protein source. Vermiculture technique.
POULTRY SCIENCE 3hrs

Introduction. Breeds of fouls Poultry keeping. Nutritive value of egg and meat.
Poultry diseases.
173
DAIRY TECHNOLOGY 2hrs
Introduction. Breeds of cattle. Breeding and cattle improvement in India. Nutritive
value of milk and milk bi product.
SERICULTURE 5hrs
Mulberry varieties and cultivation.
Silkworm rearing: Chawki rearing and late age worms rearing. Mounting and
harvesting. Silk worm diseases (in brief)

4hrs/week
1. Identification of castes in social insects

2. Observation of Courtship behaviour in animals
3. Observation of Parental care in animals
4. Observation of different types of nests and nest materials
5. Colouration and Mimicry
6. Breeds of poultry
7. Life cycle of silk worm, study of diseases of silk worm
8. Study of commercially important a) crustaceans
b) Molluscs c) fishes.
9.Visit to nearby Dairy, Poultry, Sericulture farm, beekeeping unit, Vermiculture
unit and termite mound for observation.

1. Identification 10x2 = 20
a) Nest
b) colouration/mimicry
c) Poultry breeds
d) Silk worm life cycle
e) Commercial fishes I) crustacean II) Molluscs
III) fresh water and marine.
f) Identification of castes in social insects -2
174
2. Project report 10
3. viva 05
4. Journal 05
-------------
Total 40
Reference:
1. The Invertebrates 5 Vols: Libbie Henrietta Hyman., McGraw-Hill N.Y., 1955
2. Invertebrate structure and function: E. J. W. Barrington., English Language
Book Soc. & Nelson House, 1981
3. Principles of systematic Zoology: Ernst Mayr., Tata-MacGraw-Hill, 1980
4. The Invertebrata: Borradaile, Eastham Potts and G. A. Kerkut., Cambridge
Univ. Press 1977
5. The Vertebrate body: Romer and Parson, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia 1978.
6. The Life of Vertebrates: J. Z. Young., Clarendon Press Oxford, 1981
7. Text book of Zoology : Vol. I and II, Parkar & Haswell .AITBS Pub.& Dis.
Delhi- 51, 1995:
8. An Introduction to animal behavior: Aubrey Manning and Marian S. Dawkins.,
Cambridge University Press 1995
9. Essentials of organizational behavior 5th ed.: Stephan Robbins., Prentice hall
of
India New Delhi, 1997
10. Animal Behavior: McFarland D. ELBS With Longman, 1985
10. Ethology: Barnett
11. Biology: Concepts and Connections. Campbell, N.A, L,G. Mitchell& J.B.
Reece.The Benjamin/ cummings. Publ. Comp. Inc.USA. 1994.
12. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 6TH Ed. G. J Tortora & Anagostokos.
Harper & Row. New York. 1990
13. Animal Behavior - An evolutionary approach: Alcok J., Sinauer Association
Inc. Sunderland 1984.
14. An Introduction to Behavioural Ecology, J. R. Krebs & N. B. Davies. 3rd Ed.
Black- well Scentific Publ. 1993.
17. Survival Strategies – Cooperation and Conflicts in Animal Societies:
Raghavendra
Gadagkar., University Press, Hyderabad 1997.
18. Amimal Physiology. 4th Ed. Sehmidt Nielson, Cambridge Univ. Press, USA.
1990.
19. Theory and Problems of Zoology N.M. Jessop. Schaum’s Outline series.
Mc.Graw Hill. Co.1988
20. General and Comparative Animal Physiology: W. S. Hoar., Prentice Hall Inc.
New Delhi1983
21. TextBook of Medical Physiology: Arthur C. Guyton and John E. Hall, W. B.
Saunders Co. London 1996.
22. General Biology: N. A. Campbell, L. G. Mitchell and J. B. Reece; Benjamin
Cumming. 1996
23. Principles of Biochemistry: Lehninger A. L, Nelson D. L. and Cox M. M.,
Worth, 1993
24. Textbook of Human Histology, Inderbir Singh, Jaypee Brothers. Medical
Publishers, New Delhi. 1997
175
25. Molecular Cell Biology: Harvey Lodish, David Baltimore, Arnold Berk, S.
Lawrence Zipursky, Paul Matsudaira and James Darnel; Scientific American
Book, New York, 1999
26 Cell and Molecular Biology: DeRobertis E. D. P & DeRobertis E. M. F., Holt-
Saunders International, 1996
27. Principles of Cell Biology. L. J. Kleinsmith & V.M. Kish. Harper and Row 1988.
28. Essentials of molecular Biology. Freifelder. Naroso publ. New delhi. 1998.
29 Embryology - Constructing the organism: Gilbert and Raunio, 1997
30 Developmental Biology – A modern synthesis: K. Vasudev Rao, Oxford IBH,
1994
31 An introduction to embryology: B. I. Balinsky, Saunders 1981
32 Developmental Biology: J. W. Saunders, J. Mac Millan & Co. 1982
33 Ecology: Principles and applications. Chapman. Cambridge Univ. Press.1988.
34 Environmental Biology: P. R. Trivedi and Gurudeep Raj, 1992
35 Recent Advances in Environmental Biology: A. P. Diwan and D. K. Arora,
1995
36 Environmental Sciences: Eldon D. Enger and Bradly F. Smith, 1995
37 Environmental factors to biological concepts: R. P. Chandola and Kundwal,
1995
38 Environment and Development: G. R. Ghosh, 1994
39 Environmental protection and law: N. K. Chakaborti, 1994
40 Fundamentals of wild life Management . R, Gopal, Justis Home Publ. 1992.
41 Recombinant DNA: Watson J. D et al., W. H. Freeman and Co. 1992
42 Genes V: Benjamin Lewin., CBS Pub & Dist. New Delhi. 1997.
43 Gene Structure and Transcription: Trevor B. B. and Julian Burke, Oxford Univ.
Press 1998
44 Genetics a molecular approach. Brown T.A. chapmann and Hall, USA.1995.
45 Principles of Genetics 10th Ed: Eldon John Gardner, Michael J. Simmons and
D. Peter Snustad., John Wiley & Sons N. Y. 1998
46 Concepts in Biotechnology: Eds., D. Balasubramanian, C. F. A. Bryce, K.
Dharmalingam, J. Green and Kunthala Jayaraman., University Press,
Hyderabad 1996
47 Molecular evolution: Ayala F. J. (Ed): Sinauer Associates, Sunderland Mass.
USA
48 The process of organic evolution: Stebbins, G. L., Prentice Hall New
Delhi.1970
49 Introduction to Histology. Gauba R.K. Tata Mc Graw Hill. New Delhi. 1987.
50 Cells and tissues: Introduction to Histology and cells. Rogers, A.W. Academic
Press.1983
51 Basic Medical Histology: Biology of cells, tissues and organs. Kessel.
R.G.,OUP New-York. 1998
52 Text book of Histology. Bloom and Fawcett. Saunders.Pub. Philidelphia.1978.
53 Bailey’s text book of Histology. Bailey. Baltimore, Willims and Wilkins 1975
54 Notes and comments on vertebrate paleontology. Romer, A. Chicago Univ.
Press.1965.
55 Vertebrate Paleontology. Romer, A. Chiago Univ. Press.
56 Zoogeography: Geographical distribution of animals. Darlington. Wiley.New
York.
57 Zoogeography. Hubbs, C.L. A. A.A.S.Washington. D.C. 1958.
176

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INDEX

List of Optional Subjects at B.Sc. level

Teaching : Four hours of teaching per week per paper.

Paper – 9 : ANTHROPOLOGY OF INDIAN SOCIETY

Unit –1 : The basis of traditional Indian Social system – Varna, Ashrama

Unit – 2 : Marriage and Family in India – Hindu Marriage, Joint Family

Unit –3 : Caste in India – Characteristics and Caste in Modern India.

Unit –4 : Rural Indian Society – Characteristics, problems and welfare

Unit – 5 : The population policy in India.

1. J.H. Hutton 1969 Caste in India, London : Oxford Univ.Press.

Teaching : Four hours of teaching per week per paper.

Paper – 10 : HUMAN GENETICS

Unit –1 : Nature and Scope of Human Genetics, Major branches of Human

Unit –2 : Foundations of Genetics – Mendel’s Laws of Heredity, Heredity

Unit –3 : Methods of studying Heredity – Pedigree analysis and Twin

Unit –4 : Chromosomes and Chromosomal aberrations.

Unit –5 : Genetic Counseling – Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy.

Teaching : Four hours of teaching per week per paper.

Paper – 11 : TRIBES OF INDIA

Unit - 1 : Tribes of India – Geographical distribution, Racial and Linguistic

Unit - 2 : Social Institutions – Clan, Totemism, Dormitories and Tribal

Unit - 3 : Major problems of the tribes in India.

Unit - 4 : Tribal Welfare – Policies, Constitutional Safeguards and

Unit - 5 : Tribe caste interaction - Distinction between Tribe and Caste.

1. J.H. Hutton 1969 Caste in India, London: Oxford Univ.Press.

1. Seliitz C, Jahoda S.C. Drutsch, M, Cook, S.W. 1976. Research methods in

PAPER V: DIVERSITY OF ANGIOSPERMS AND THEIR SYSTEMATICS

Unit 2: Angiosperm taxonomy - Brief history, botanical nomenclature, principles

Unit 3: Classification of Angiosperms – systems proposed by Bentham and Hooker

Unit 4: Diversity of flowering plants as illustrated by members of the following

1. Davis, P.H. and Heywood, V.H. 1963. Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy.

3. Jeffrey, C. 1982. An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy. Cambridge University

5. Radford, A.E. 1986. Fundamentals of Plant Systematics. Harper and Row,

8. Dutta, S.C. 1988. Systematic Botany. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.

10. Lawerence, G.H.M. 1951. Taxonomy of vascular plants. MacMillan, New

Unit 1: Plants and environment: Atmosphere (gaseous composition),

Unit 2: Population ecology: Growth curves; ecotypes; ecads. 5 hrs.

Unit 3: Ecosystems: Structure; abotic and biotic components; food 8 hrs.

Unit 4: Vegetational types of world. Biogeographical regions of India. 6 hrs.

Unit 5: Conservation of natural resources: over exploitation, forest 8 hrs.

1. Odum, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology, Saunders, Philadelphia.

For laboratory exercises

PAPER VII: CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS

Unit 1: Ultrastructure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. Structure and 5 hours

Unit 2: Structure and function of Plastids, Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, 6 hours

Unit 3: Chromosome organization – Morphology, centromere and 15 hours

Unit 4: Genetic inheritence – Mendelism, laws of segregation 15 hours

Gene expression – structure of gene, transfer of genetic

Unit 5: Genetic variations – mutation, spontaneous and induced. 5 hours

Extra nuclear genome – presence and function of mitochondria

For laboratory exercises

1. Fukui, K and Nakayama, S. 1996. Plant Chromosomes: Laboratory

Unit 1: Origin of life. Lamarkism, Darwinism, Mutational and Modern 5 hours

Unit 2: Plant breeding- History and objectives. Plant propagation- 8 hours

Unit 3: Male sterility- Types, production and significance in plant 2 hours

Unit 4: Genetic engineering- Tools and techniques of recombinant DNA 15 hours

Unit 6: Immunoliogy- immuno-systems. Immunotechniques in 6 hours

1. Charts showing evidences of organic evolution

1. Chahal. Principles and procedures of Plant Breeding. L.B. Publications.

PAPER 5.1: PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL CULTURE

PART A: PLANT CELL CULTURE Total hours allotted: 25

1. Introduction to in vitro culture methods and laboratory facilities. (2 hrs)

2. History and development of plant tissue culture. (2 hrs)