Psy 113 LC on Chapter 13

Childhood Disorders
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1. These refer to disorders that are characterized by more outward-directed

behaviors, such as aggressiveness, noncompliance, over-activity, and
impulsiveness. (EXTERNALIZING DISORDERS)

2. Give one example of an externalizing disorder. (ADHD, CONDUCT, ODD)

3. These refer to disorders that are characterized by more inward-focused

experiences and behaviors, such as depression and anxiety. (INTERNALIZING
DISORDERS)

4. Corticosteroid inhalers serve as medication for the treatment of what

disorder? (ASTHMA)

5. This is a behavioral program in which parents are taught to modify their

responses to their children so that prosocial, rather than antisocial behavior,
is consistently rewarded. (PARENT MANAGEMENT TRAINING, PMT)

6. This treatment is based on the view that conduct problems are influenced by
multiple factors within the family as well as between the family and other
social systems. (MULTISYSTEMIC TREATMENT, MST)

7. Neurobiological research has implicated this neurotransmitter in the

increased risk of ADHD in children. (DOPAMINE)

8. In a school meeting, Georgias parents were concerned to hear that Georgia, a

9 year old girl, has been struggling with her schoolwork and has also had
some difficulties making friends. The teachers noticed that Georgia has
become more and more disorganized over the past 18 months. They
mentioned that Georgia is often restless and finds it difficult to concentrate,
even on things that she finds enjoyable like watching movies or drawing
pictures. Georgia may be suffering from what disorder? (ADHD)

9. 8 year-old Johnny always complains that he feels like vomiting whenever his
parents go to work. His teachers told his parents that he frequently worries
that something bad might happen to his parents while they are at work. His
teachers also mentioned that would frequently have nightmares about his
parents leaving him completely and it causes him much distress. What could
Johnny be suffering from? (SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER)

10. Gilberts parents have been concerned about him because he has been
engaging in unruly behaviors such as bullying his classmates and frequently
 initiating fights. Gilberts teachers also expressed their concern to his parents
that at a young age of 11, he was found to be stealing the wallets and
cellphones of his classmates. What condition may Gilbert be suffering from?
(CONDUCT DISORDER)

11. A combined treatment including stimulant drugs, such as Adderall or Ritalin

and reinforcement for staying on task has shown effectiveness in reducing
the symptoms of what disorder? (ADHD)

12. This is a childhood anxiety disorder that is diagnosed when a child

consistently does not speak in some situations, but speaks comfortably in
other situations. These children are unable to speak in certain social
situations where there is a demand to speak, such as at school or in family
reunions. (SELECTIVE MUTISM)

13. This refers to a condition in which a person shows a problem in a specific

area of academic, language, speech, or motor skills that is not due to deficient
educational opportunities. (LEARNING DISABILITY)

14. This learning disorder involves significant difficulty with word recognition,
reading comprehension, and typically written spelling as well. (DYSLEXIA)

15. This learning disorder involves difficulty in producing or understanding

numbers, quantities, or basic arithmetic operations. (DYSCALCULIA)

16. This disorder is characterized by below-average intellectual functioning

associated with impairment in adaptive behavior and is identified at an early
age. (INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT DISORDER)

17. This is a chromosomal abnormality that has been linked with intellectual
developmental disorder and is characterized by the individual having an
extra copy of a certain chromosome. (TRISOMY 21/ DOWN SYNDROME)

18. This is a chromosomal abnormality linked to the development of intellectual

developmental disorder wherein a mutation on the X chromosome occurs
causing large, underdeveloped ears and a long, thin face. (FRAGILE X
SYNDROME)

19. A recessive gene disease characterized by a genetic deficiency in the liver

enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, that causes a buildup in the bodys fluids
eventually causing damage to the brain and can cause severe intellectual
developmental disorder (PHENYLKETONURIA/PKU)
20. A disorder beginning in childhood that involves deficits in social
communication at social interactions, restricted and repetitive behaviors and
in some cases, severe deficits in speech. (AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER)

21. Interactions between two people require paying attention to each other,
whether speaking or communicating emotion nonverbally. This is impaired
in children with autism spectrum disorder and is often referred to as a
problem in _______________ (JOINT ATTENTION)

22. This refers to a persons understanding that other people have desires,
beliefs, intentions and emotions that may be different from ones own.
Individuals with ASD may lack this. (THEORY OF MIND)

23. A language abnormality common in the speech of children with ASD wherein
the child refers to himself or herself as "he," "she," or "you" and uses "I" or
"me" when referring to others. (PRONOUN REVERSAL)

24. All children with ASD also have intellectual development disorder. (FALSE,
do not always)

25. Children with ASD have difficulty recognizing emotions in others. (TRUE)

26. Medication has been shown to be more effective in treating ASD than
behavioral treatment. (FALSE, less effective)

27. In childhood, depression affects boys and girls equally, but in adolescence
girls are affected twice as often as boys. (TRUE)