International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169

Volume: 5 Issue: 5 696 699

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Study of Types and Practice of Network Convergence

Shaikh Abdul Azeem #1, Dr. Satyendra Kumar Sharma2,

1 2
Research Scholar, Dean, Faculty of Engineering,
Department of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Pacific Academy of
Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur,
University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Rajasthan, India
1 2
saazeem.2008@gmail.com skpacific323@gmail.com

Abstract: What we understand, Network convergence as the provision of telephone, video and data communication services within a single
network. In different words, one company provides services for all forms of communication through a single media. Network convergence is the
outcome of development of technology and need and the practices it follows.

Keywords: Network Convergence, spectrum, internet, Network Interoperability, IP convergence, QoS, QoE

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I. INTRODUCTION
Oxford dictionary provides the definition of convergence as
coming together. Bearing this concept, in our mind we start
out analysis. In the world of network, network convergence
means we conclude that a mechanism in which
telecommunication, broadcasting & Internet services
integrated together. In practice, network convergence provides
different channels or paths to transmit audio, video and text
signals to businesses and homes.
Old time lot of restrictions are there in the telecommunication
world, as a result, people face tremendous problems for
communication. People prefer to do physical transport of
information instead of using telecommunication services. In
telecommunication world people cant use wire & cant use
broadcast at the same time. Two-way communication is also
restricted in concern to availability and bandwidth for transfer
of voice and data. Broadcast media is also restricted in concern
to availability of spectrum and it performs only one-way
transmission. Adopting new business models, offering
innovative services, offering schemes for transfer of
information from one connected network to another and
entering into the new markets with fulfilling the challenge can
be possible because of network convergence.
In the past, it is restricted to either communicating people by
wire line or to watch broadcast programming at the same time.
Two-way communication has been limited to voice and text by
the limited availability of bandwidth; broadcast media have
been restricted by their one-way character and by the
availability of spectrum [1]. Nowadays technology
development, fierce competition and deregulation have
transformed several distinct communications service markets
into a converged market. In the telecommunications world,
convergence has come to mean a moving towards the use of
one medium as opposed to manipulation of all forms of
information including voice, data and video across all types of
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network instead of carrying information separately within
distinct networks. In the convergent network, different forms
of information can be re-engineered to provide better, more
flexible service to the user [2]. For example, telephone
networks can transmit data and video and cable networks are
able to provide voice services. Convergence implies the
integration of telecommunication, broadcasting
and Internet network services. It allows a variety of providers
to use different paths to transmit voice, video signals and data
to homes and business.
In recent market, converged network got ultimate and sound
position because of tremendous development in the
technology, very big competition among telecommunication
companies and various deregulations. Network Convergence
means transferring audio, video and text from different types
of networks, instead of transferring through separate networks,
transfer through a common network. Convergence has been
evolving on the Internet ever since its inception, because of
user demands. Quality of service (QoS), Quality of Experience
(QoE or QoX), soundness, less cost, standards compatibility,
ease of modification and upgrading, security, privacy and
freedom from malware are the demands of users from every
field.
Flexible and better services to the user is the central aim of
network convergence, this phenomenon achieved through re-
engineering the information. Convergent network provides the
facility that telephone networks are able to carry audio, video
and text while cable networks can also transfer all these types
of data. Now days the word convergence is very common,
among researchers, managers and different workers in the
telecommunication world. The word convergence always used
like viral, social media, social networking, combine
approach, centralization etc. There are still lot number of
individuals cant define properly what convergence is?
Commonly researchers define or refer convergence as the
unification or merger of devices, distinct technologies or
industries in a single or unified whole. They also refer
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
Volume: 5 Issue: 5
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Network convergence as media convergence. Therefore, from
above discussion we conclude that network convergence takes
many forms as per the area of concern.
II. NETWORK INTEROPERABILITY AND NETWORK
CONVERGENCE
In Telecommunication networks interoperability is a topic of
increasing importance, because it is the main enabler for the
vision of service convergence. We first see technicality of
network interoperability.
Network Interoperability is the ongoing and continuous
capability to send and receive data in the interconnected
networks, providing the quality level expected by the
concerned user without any disturbance to the interconnected
networks. For end-to-end connectivity there is sound
requirement of Network interoperability. If the network is
diverse & complex, then there will be sound need of
interoperability among the network components to make
possible reliable and guaranteed end-to-end communication
[3]. All elements of the telecommunication chain can enjoy the
advantages of network interoperability like
i. A user can communicate with whom he wants to
with a single node.
ii. Operator can select the best equipment from
available choices.
iii. A product/service manufacturer can sale the same
equipment set to others.
III. CHALLENGES FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE
A. Because of convergence there will be proliferation of
heterogeneous networks and environments, this will lead to
failure of network interoperability.
B. Major challenges are face by network developers, as
network convergence evolves. Design, installation and
maintenance of adequate hardware is the key for effective
network convergence.
C. Investors and taxpayers have limited support because of
that implementation of new technologies is limited to that
much extent only.
D. While communicating there is need of proper standards
for proper operations with different platforms.
E. Always when there is change and new technologies
emerge, they will bring new traffic and new demands
concern to all components.
Converged networks present unique technological challenges.
The paper deals with in these situations how network
interoperability can be achieved, and what are the different
types and environments of interoperability and also policies
for convergence.
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ISSN: 2321-8169
696 699
IV. ENTERPRISE NETWORK CONVERGENCE: A PATH TO
COST OPTIMIZATION
From the last few decades, telecommunications have evolved
at a large extent. Previously peoples are using tv, radio &
telephone as medium for their communication. Introduction of
internet and mobile technology has rapidly transformed the
telecommunication industry. Internet revolution made large
changes into the ways how businesses operate, communicate
and do transactions.
Because everybody adopting these new technologies there is
tremendous increase in the demand of network bandwidth for
enterprise network. As there is more use of internet & mobile
technology, use of concerned applications and services also
get expanded which leads to tremendous increase in the
requirements of enterprise network. Everybody is in need of
high performance communication system, which leads to the
emergence of converged network solutions. In general, factors
which fuel the need of convergence are digitization,
technological advances in transmission techniques, great
advancements in network speeds, compression techniques, and
storage capacity, the growing availability of wireless devices
and applications, and market liberalization.
Telecommunications and concerned organizations are
researching for different ways to implement data, voice and
video over a single network for number of reasons like
i. To reducing telecommunication costs
ii. To simplify communication system
iii. To improve next generation networking capabilities
iv. To bridge the between technological progress and
corporate network.
In existing networks, organizations had multiple network
services to fulfill the need of users. Because of multiple
network services through multiple networks, networks are too
much complex, bandwidth is limited which leads to the
limitation of network ability. Thus, from every side
tremendous demand for increasing network bandwidth
emerged, everybody feels the importance of effective and
efficient network. A converged network is the ultimate
solution for enterprises for effective and efficient network. IP
based networks which we use for data networking is not
capable for providing reliable, quality and secure services for
real time traffic, in this situation additional measures are
required to be taken to reduce delay, packet loss and jitter.
V. TYPE OF NETWORK CONVERGENCE
Convergence is about providing services and also providing
new ways to do business and way to interact with the society.
Different types of network convergence are
i. The combination and connection across platforms and
networks, which allows several types of networks to
connect with each other within certain common standard
and protocol.
ii. The convergence of telecommunication service, allows
firms to use a single network to provide several
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 696 699
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communication services that traditionally required Examples of products and services being delivered include:
separate networks, which often is called the triple play [4].
iii. Market convergence, the convergent network will i. Home-banking and home-shopping over the Internet,
stimulate mergers, acquisitions and collaborations among ii. Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP);
corporations. iii. E-mail, data and World Wide Web access over mobile
phone networks, and the use of wireless links to homes
and businesses to connect them to the fixed
telecommunications networks;
iv. Data services over digital broadcasting platforms;
v. On-line services combined with television via systems
such as Web-TV, as well as delivery via digital satellites
and CABLE modems;
vi. Webcasting of news, sports, concerts and of other
audiovisual services

VI. HOW TO ACHIEVE INTEROPERABILITY

As we know Network interoperability is the capability of two

network to communicate with each other. Network
Interoperability can be achieved by two ways first by having
the two networks confirm to a common protocol standard or
by defining a standard interface to which all networks need to
adhere, second by providing a gateway that translates between
the two protocols.
Fig 1: Manufacturing of Network Convergence [5]
With the help of network convergence new ways can be
VII. TECHNOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR NETWORK
introduced to do the business and lot of new services can be
CONVERGENCE
offered. Digital transmission technology allows both old and
new transmission services whether text, audio, video or
Smart phones now are integration of lot number of electronic
image can be provided over different networks. People can
devices.
enjoy the convenience of tv, internet, PDAs, etc at office, at
home and anywhere.

Fig 2: Convergence in Smart Phone [6]

At present day we see number of transportations and

technological tools are converged to the internet. Internet can
be accessed from anywhere.

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IJRITCC | May 2017, Available @ http://www.ijritcc.org
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 696 699
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Fig 3: IP Convergence [7]

[7] Ovidiu Vermesan, Peter Fries, Internet of Things -

VIII. BENEFITS OF NETWORK CONVERGENCE Converging Technologies for Smart Environments
and Integrated Ecosystems
Reduced capital investments
Predictable long-term operating costs
On-demand scalability
Alleviation of staffing shortages
Optimal performance
Improved security posture

IX. CONCLUSION
We have studied the network convergence and its types and
practices in manufacturing industries or similar network
fields. We can conclude that the network technologies are
properly aligned depending on the types of network it will
avoid the problems in IT fields. Convergence is the building
block for cloud computing and gives improved way to
harness, scale, and dynamically allocate any resource
including routing, switching, security services, storage
systems, appliances and servers without compromising
performance.

X. REFERENCES

[1] European Commission (1997), The convergence of

the telecommunications, media and information
technology sectors, and the implications for
regulation
[2] Legacy network convergence,
http://www.dataremote.com
[3] Paulo Teixeira de Sousa and Peter Stuckmann,
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
INTEROPERABILITY
[4] Ankit Mishra, Telecom evolution,
https://prezi.com/7mqgpobgkr35/telecom-e
[5] Routing and Switching Essentials Companion Guide,
Cisco Networking Academy.
[6] The complete and modern guide to technology
convergence, Christy Roland
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