Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Architectural Components X X X X
and Supports and
Attachments for
Architectural Components
Mechanical and Electrical X X X X
Components with I,, > 1
Supports and Attachments X X X X
for Mechanical and
Electrical Components
2. Submittal of the manufacturer's certification that the com- 13.2.6 Experience Data Alternative for Seismic Capacity
ponent is seismically qualified by Determination. As an alternative to the analytical requirements
a. Analysis. of Sections 13.2 through 13.6, use of experience data shall be
deemed as an acceptable method to determine the seismic capac-
b. Testing in accordance with the alternative set forth in
ity of components and their supports and attachments. Seismic
Section 13.2.5.
qualification by experience data based upon nationally recognized
c. Experience data in accordance with the alternative set procedures acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction shall
forth in Section 13.2.6. be deemed to satisfy the design and evaluation requirements pro-
vided that the substantiated seismic capacities equal or exceed the
13.2.2 Special Certification Requirements for Designated
seismic demands determined in accordance with Sections 13.3.1
Seismic Systems. Certifications shall be provided for designated
and 13.3.2.
seismic systems assigned to Seismic Design Categories C through
F as follows: 13.2.7 Construction Documents. Where design of nonstruc-
tural components or their supports and attachments is required
a. Active mechanical and electrical equipment that must remain by Table 13.2-1, such design shall be shown in construction
operable following the design earthquake shall be certified by documents prepared by a registered design professional for use
the supplier as operable based on approved shake table testing by the owner, building officials, contractors, and inspectors. Such
in accordance with Section 13.2.5 or experience data in ac- documents shall include a quality assurance plan if required by
cordance with Section 13.2.6. Evidence demonstrating com- Appendix 1 IA.
pliance of this requirement shall be submitted to the authority
having jurisdiction after review and approval by the registered
design professional. 13.3 SEISMIC DEMANDS ON NONSTRUCTURAL
b. Components with hazardous contents shall be certified by COMPONENTS
the supplier as maintaining containment following the design 13.3.1 Seismic Design Force. The horizontal seismic design
earthquake by (I) analysis, (2) approved shake table testing force (F,)) shall be applied at the component's center of grav-
in accordance with Section 13.2.5, or (3) experience data in ity and distributed relative to the component's mass distribution
accordance with Section 13.2.6. Evidence demonstrating com- and shall be determined in accordance with Eq. 13.3-1:
pliance of this requirement shall be submitted to the authority
having jurisdiction after review and approval by the registered
design professional.
13.2.3 Consequential Damage. The functional and physical in-
terrelationship of components, their supports, and their effect on F[) is not required to be taken as greater than
each other shall be considered so that the failure of an essential or
nonessential architectural, mechanical, or electrical component
shall not cause the failure of an essential architectural, mechani-
cal, or electrical component. and F[) shall not be taken as less than
ASCE 7-05
z = height in structure of point of attachment of component where
with respect to the base. For items at or below the base, z D[, = relative seismic displacement that the component must be
shall be taken as 0. The value of z / h need not exceed 1.0 designed to accommodate
h = average roof height of structure with respect to the base f i x A = deflection at building Level x of Structure A, determined
The force (F[)) shall be applied independently in at least two or- by an elastic analysis as defined in Section 12.8.6
thogonal horizontal directions in combination with service loads f i Y A = deflection at building Level y of Structure A, determined
associated with the component, as appropriate. For vertically by an elastic analysis as defined in Section 12.8.6
cantilevered systems, however, the force F[) shall be assumed to = deflection at building Level y of Structure B, determined
act in any horizontal direction. In addition, the component shall by an elastic analysis as defined in Section 12.8.6
be designed for a concurrent vertical force f0.2SDs W[).The re- h, =height of Level x to which upper connection point is
dundancy factor, p, is permitted to be taken equal to 1 and the attached
overstrength factor, aO,does not apply. h, =height of Level y to which lower connection point is
EXCEPTION: The concurrent vertical seismic force need not be con- attached
sidered for lay-in access floor panels and lay-in ceiling panels. AaA =allowable story drift for Structure A as defined in
Where nonseismic loads on nonstructural components exceed F[), Table 12.12-1
such loads shall govern the strength design, but the detailing re- AaB =allowable story drift for Structure B as defined in
quirements and limitations prescribed in this chapter shall apply. Table 12.12-1
h,, = story height used in the definition of the allowable drift
In lieu of the forces determined in accordance with Eq. 13.3-1, A, in Table12.12-I. Note that A,lh,, = the drift index.
accelerations at any level are permitted to be determined by the
modal analysis procedures of Section 12.9 with R = 1.0. Seismic The effects of seismic relative displacements shall be consid-
forces shall be in accordance with Eq. 13.3-4: ered in combination with displacements caused by other loads as
appropriate.
Alternatively, D[, is permitted to be determined using modal pro- 13.4.1 Design Forces. The force in the attachment shall be de-
cedures described in Section 12.9, using the difference in story termined based on the prescribed forces and displacements for the
deflections calculated for each mode and then combined using component determined specified in Sections 13.3.1 and 13.3.2.
appropriate modal combination procedures. D[, is not required to
13.4.2 Anchors in Concrete or Masonry. Anchors embedded
be taken as greater than
in concrete or masonry shall be proportioned to carry the least of
the following:
a. 1.3 times the force in the component and its supports due to
the prescribed forces.
13.3.2.2 Displacements between Structures. For two connec- b. The maximum force that can be transferred to the anchor by
tion points on separate Structures A and B or separate structural the component and its supports.
systems, one at a height h, and the other at a height h,, D[, shall The value of R[, used in Section 13.3.1 to determine the forces in
be determined as the connected part shall not exceed 1.5 unless
a. The component anchorage is designed to be governed by the
strength of a ductile steel element.
D[, is not required to be taken as greater than b. The design of post-installed anchors in concrete used for the
component anchorage is prequalified for seismic applications
in accordance with ACI 355.2.
c. The anchor is designed in accordance with Section 14.2.2.14.
to satisfy this requirement. 13.5.2 Forces and Displacements. All architectural compo-
nents, and their supports and attachments, shall be designed for
13.4.5 Power Actuated Fasteners. Power actuated fasteners the seismic forces defined in Section 13.3.1.
shall not be used for tension load applications in Seismic Design Architectural components that could pose a life-safety haz-
Categories D, E, and F unless approved for such loading. ard shall be designed to accommodate the seismic relative dis-
13.4.6 ~ ~clips. l+iction
i ~ shall~ not be used
clips i for anchor-
~ ~ placement requirements of Section 13.3.2. Architectural compo-
age attachment. nents shall be designed considering vertical deflection due to joint
rotation of cantilever structural members.
13.5 ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS 13.5.3 Exterior Nonstructural Wall Elements and Connec-
13.5.1 General. Architectural components, and their supports tions. Exterior nonstructural wall panels or elements that are at-
and attachments, shall satisfy the requirements of this section. tached to or enclose the structure shall be designed to accommo-
Appropriate coefficients shall be selected from Table 13.5-1. date the seismic relative displacements defined in Section 13.3.2
EXCEPTIONS: Components supported by chains or otherwise sus. and movements due to temperature changes. Such elements shall
p e n d e ~from the structure are not required to satisfy the seismic force be supported by means of positive and direct structural supports
and relative displacement requirements provided they meet all of the fol- or by mechanical connections and fasteners in accordance with
lowing criteria: the following requirements:
r
I Penthouses (exceot where framed bv an extension of the building frame) 1 2.5 1 3.5 1
Ceilings
I Cabinets
Storage cabinets and laboratory equipment
Access Floors
Special access floors (designed in accordance with Section 13.5.7.2)
All other
Appendages and Ornamentations
Signs and Billboards
Other Rigid Components
High deformability elements and attachments
Limited deformability elements and attachments
Low deformability materials and attachments
Other Flexible Components
High
u deformabilitv elements and attachments
Limited deformability elements and attachments 2.5 2.5
Low deformability materials and attachments 2.5 1.5
'A lower value for nl, shall not be used unless justified by detailed dynamic analysis. The value for nl, shall not be
less than 1.00. The value of nl, = 1 is forrigid components and rigidly attached components. The value of nl, =,2.5 is
for flexible components and flex~blyattached components. See Section 11.2 for definitions of rigid and flex~ble.
'where flexible diaphragms provide lateral support for concrete or masonry walls and partitions, the design forces for
anchorage to the diaphragm shall be as specified in Section 12.1 1.2.
ASCE 7-05
a. Connections and uanel ioints shall allow for the storv drift The tributary areas of the horizontal restraints shall be approx-
caused by relative seismic displacements (D[,)determined in imately equal.
Section 13.3.2, or 0.5 in. (13 mm), whichever is greatest. EXCEPTION: Rigid braces are permitted to be used instead of di-
b. Connections to permit movement in the plane of the panel for agonal splay wires. Braces and attachments to the structural system
story drift shall be sliding connections using slotted or oversize above shall be adequate to limit relative lateral deflections at point of
attachment of ceiling grid to less than 0.25 in. (6 mm) for the loads
holes, connections that permit movement by bending of steel, prescribed in Section 13.3.1.
or other connections that provide equivalent sliding or ductile
capacity. d. For ceiling areas exceeding 2,500 ft2 (232 m2), a seismic sepa-
ration joint or full height partition that breaks the ceiling up into
c. The connecting member itself shall have sufficient ductility
areas not exceeding 2,500 ft2 shall be provided unless struc-
and rotation capacity to preclude fracture of the concrete or tural analyses are performed of the ceiling bracing system for
brittle failures at or near welds.
the prescribed seismic forces that demonstrate ceiling system
d. All fasteners in the connecting system such as bolts, inserts, penitrations and closure angles provide sufficient clearance
welds, and dowels and the body of the connectors shall be to accommodate the anticipated lateral displacement. Each
designed for the force (F[,) determined by Section 13.3.1 with area shall be urovided with closure a n ~ l e in
u
s accordance with
values of R[, and a[, taken from Table 13.5-1 applied at the item 2 and horizontal restraints or bracing in accordance with
center of mass of the panel. item 3.
e. Where anchorage is achieved using flat straps embedded in e. Except where rigid braces are used to limit lateral deflec-
concrete or masonry, such straps shall be attached to or hooked tions, sprinkler heads and other penetrations shall have a 2 in.
around reinforcing steel or otherwise terminated so as to effec- (50 mm) oversize ring, sleeve, or adapter through the ceiling
tively transfer forces to the reinforcing steel or to assure that tile to allow for free movement of at least 1 in. (25 mm) in
pullout of anchorage is not the initial failure mechanism. all horizontal directions. Alternatively, a swing joint that can
13.5.4 Glass. Glass in glazed curtain walls and storefronts shall accommodate 1 in. (25 mm) of ceiling movement in all hori-
be designed and installed in accordance with Section 13.5.9. zontal directions is permitted to be provided at the top of the
sprinkler head extension.
13.5.5 Out-of-Plane Bending. Transverse or out-of-plane bend- f. Changes in ceiling plan elevation shall be provided with posi-
ing or deformation of a component or system that is subjected tive bracing.
to forces as determined in Section 13.5.2 shall not exceed the
deflection capability of the component or system. g. Cable trays and electrical conduits shall be supported indepen-
dently of the ceiling.
13.5.6 Suspended Ceilings. h. Suspended ceilings shall be subject to the special inspection
13.5.6.1 Seismic Forces. The weight of the ceiling, W[,, shall requirements of Section 11A. 1.3.9 of this standard.
include the ceiling grid and panels; light fixtures if attached to, 13.5.6.3 Integral Construction. As an alternate to providing
clipped to, or laterally supported by the ceiling grid; and other large clearances around sprinkler system penetrations through
components that are laterally supported by the ceiling. W[, shall ceiling systems, the sprinkler system and ceiling grid are per-
be taken as not less than 4 psf (19 ~ / m ' ) . mitted to be designed and tied together as an integral unit. Such
The seismic force, F[,, shall be transmitted through the ceiling a design shall consider the mass and flexibility of all elements
attachments to the building structural elements or the ceiling- involved, including the ceiling system, sprinkler system, light
structure boundary. fixtures, and mechanical (HVAC) appurtenances. Such design
shall be performed by a registered design professional.
13.5.6.2 Industry Standard Construction. Unless designed in
accordance with Section 13.5.6.3, suspended ceilings shall be 13.5.7 Access Floors.
designed and constructed in accordance with this section. 13.5.7.1 General. The weight of the access floor, W[,, shall in-
13.5.6.2.1 Seismic Design Category C. Suspended ceilings clude the weight of the floor system, 100 percent of the weight of
in structures assigned to Seismic Design Category C shall be all equipment fastened to the floor, and 25 percent of the weight
designed and installed in accordance with ASTM C635, ASTM of all equipment supported by, but not fastened to the floor. The
C636, and the CISCA for Seismic Zones 0-2, except that seismic seismic force, F[,, shall be transmitted from the top surface of the
forces shall be determined in accordance with Sections 13.3.1 and access floor to the supporting structure.
13.5.6.1. Overturning effects of equipment fastened to the access floor
13.5.6.2.2 Seismic Design Categories D through F. Sus- panels also shall be considered. The ability of "slip on" heads for
pended ceilings in Seismic Design Categories D, E, and F shall be pedestals shall be evaluated for suitability to transfer overturning
designed and installed in accordance with ASTM C635, ASTM effects of equipment.
C636, and the CISCA for Seismic Zones 3-4 as modified by the Where checking individual pedestals for overturning effects,
following: the maximum concurrent axial load shall not exceed the portion
of W[, assigned to the pedestal under consideration.
a. A heavy duty T-bar grid system shall be used
b. The width of the perimeter supporting closure angle shall be 13.5.7.2 Special Access Floors. Access floors shall be consid-
not less than 2.0 in. (50 mm). In each orthogonal horizontal ered to be "special access floors" if they are designed to comply
direction, one end of the ceiling grid shall be attached to the with the following considerations:
closure angle. The other end in each horizontal direction shall I. Connections transmitting seismic loads consist of me-
have a 0.75 in. (19 mm) clearance from the wall and shall rest chanical fasteners, anchors satisfying the requirements of
upon and be free to slide on a closure angle. Appendix D of ACI 318, welding, or bearing. Design load
c. For ceiling areas exceeding 1,000 ft2 (92.9 m2), horizontal re- capacities comply with recognized design codes and/or
straint of the ceiling to the structural system shall be provided. certified test results.
where where
D,[,, = relative horizontal (drift) displacement, measured over the TI, = component fundamental period
height of the glass panel under consideration, which causes W[,= component operating weight
initial glass-to-frame contact. For rectangular glass panels g = gravitational acceleration
within a rectangular wall frame
KI, = stiffness of resilient support system of the component and
attachment, determined in terms of load per unit deflection
at the center of gravity of the component
ASCE 7-05
TABLE 13.6-1 SEISMIC COEFFICIENTS FOR MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
I MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS I I S~ I
1
a ~ a
Air-side HVAC, fans, air handlers, air conditioning units, cabinet heaters, air distribution boxes, and other mechanical components 2.5
constructed of sheet metal framing.
Wet-side HVAC, boilers, furnaces, atmospheric tanks and bins, chillers, water heaters, heat exchangers, evaporators, air separators, 1.0 2.5
manufacturing or process equipment, and other mechanical components constructed of high-deformability materials.
Engines, turbines, pumps, compressors, and pressure vessels not supported on skirts and not within the scope of Chapter 15. 1.0 2.5
Skirt-supported pressure vessels not within the scope of Chapter 15. 2.5 2.5
Elevator and escalator components. 1.0 2.5
Generators, batteries, inverters, motors, transformers, and other electrical components constructed of high deformability materials. 1.0 2.5
Motor control centers, panel boards, switch gear, instrumentation cabinets, and other components constructed of sheet metal framing. 2.5 6.0
Communication eauioment. comouters. instrumentation. and controls. 1.0 2.5
I Roof-mounted chimnevs. stacks. cooling and electrical towers laterallv braced below their center of mass. 1 2.5 1 3.0
I Roof-mounted chimnevs, stacks, cooling and electrical towers laterally braced above their center of mass.
I Lighting fixtures. 11.0 11.5 1
Other mechanical or electrical components. 11.0 11.5
1 1
VIBRATION ISOLATED COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS~
Components and systems isolated using neoprene elements and neoprene isolated floors with built-in or separate elastomeric snubbing 2.5
devices or resilient oerimeter stoos.
Spring isolated components and systems and vibration isolated floors closely restrained using built-in or separate elastomeric snubbing
devices or resilient oerimeter stoos.
1 2.5
Piping and tubing not in accordance with ASME B31, including in-line components, constructed of high- or limited-deformability
materials, with joints made by threading, bonding, compression couplings, or grooved couplings.
Piping and tubing constructed of low-deformability materials, such as cast iron, glass, and nonductile plastics.
Ductwork, including in-line components, constructed of high-deformability materials, with joints made by welding or brazing.
Ductwork, including in-line components, constructed of high- or limited-deformability materials with joints made by means other than
welding or brazing.
Ductwork, including in-line components, constructed of low-deformability materials, such as cast iron, glass, and nonductile plastics.
Electrical conduit, bus ducts, rigidly mounted cable trays, and plumbing.
Manufacturing or process conveyors (nonpersonnel).
I Susoended cable travs. 1 2.5 1 6.0
'A lower value for nl, is permitted where justified by detailed dynamic analyses. The value for nl, shall not be less than 1.0. The value of nl, equal to 1.0 is for
rigid components and rigidly attached components. The value of nl, equal to 2.5 is for flexible components and flexibly attached components.
h ~ o m p o n e n tmounted
s on vibration isolators shall have a bumper restraint or snubber in each horizontal direction. The design force shall be taken as 2Fl, if the
nominal clearance (air gap) between the equipment support frame and restraint is greater than 0.25 in. If the nominal clearance specified on the construction
documents is not greater than 0.25 in., the design force is permitted to be taken as Fl,.
Alternatively, the fundamental period of the component in s (TI)) 3. Where piping or HVAC ductwork components are attached
is permitted to be determined from experimental test data or by a to structures that could displace relative to one another and
properly substantiated analysis. for isolated structures where such components cross the
13.6.3 Mechanical Components. HVAC ductwork shall meet isolation interface, the components shall be designed to
the requirements of Section 13.6.7. Piping systems shall meet the accommodate the seismic relative displacements defined in
requirements of Section 13.6.8. Boilers and vessels shall meet the Section 13.3.2.
requirements of Section 13.6.9. Elevators shall meet the require- 13.6.4 Electrical Components. Electrical components with I,
ments of Section 13.6.10. All other mechanical components shall greater than 1.0 shall be designed for the seismic forces and rela-
meet the requirements of Section 13.6.11. Mechanical compo- tive displacements defined in Sections 13.3.1 and 13.3.2 and shall
nents with I[)greater than 1.0 shall be designed for the seismic satisfy the following additional requirements:
forces and relative displacements defined in Sections 13.3.1 and I. Provision shall be made to eliminate seismic impact between
13.3.2 and shall satisfy the following additional requirements: components.
I. Provision shall be made to eliminate seismic impact for 2. Loads imposed on the components by attached utility or
components vulnerable to impact, for components con- service lines that are attached to separate structures shall be
structed of nonductile materials, and in cases where material evaluated.
ductility will be reduced due to service conditions (e.g., low 3. Batteries on racks shall have wrap-around restraints to en-
temperature applications). sure that the batteries will not fall from the rack. Spacers
2. The possibility of loads imposed on components by attached shall be used between restraints and cells to prevent damage
utility or service lines, due to differential movement of sup- to cases. Racks shall be evaluated for sufficient lateral load
port points on separate structures, shall be evaluated. capacity.
ASCE 7-05