SYNOPSIS

TITLE Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction Technique for Weld Defects

OBJECTIVES

To measure cracks and their dimensions accurately

A non destructive testing to detect weld defects

A computerised and automated system for weld inspection.

Expensive components can be kept in operation for long life with minimun risk of
failure

To detect defects during the production

ABSTRACT-

Time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) method of ultrasonic testing is a sensitive and accurate

method for the nondestructive testing of welds for defects. TOFD originated from tip
diffraction techniques which were first published by Silk and Liddington in 1975 which
paved the way for TOFD. TOFD as tip-diffraction techniques which utilized the principle
that the tips of a crack when struck by a wave will diffract the signals back to the other
location on the surface. The depth of these tips can be determined from the diffracted
energy.TOFD uses the time of flight of an ultrasonic pulse to determine the position and
size of a reflector.

In a TOFD system, a pair of ultrasonic probes sits on opposite sides of a weld. One of the
probes, the transmitter, emits an ultrasonic pulse that is picked up by the probe on the
other side, the receiver. In undamaged pipes, the signals picked up by the receiver probe
are from two waves: one that travels along the surface and one that reflects off the far
wall. When a crack is present, there is a diffraction of the ultrasonic wave from the tip of
the crack. Using the measured time of flight of the pulse, the depth of a crack tips can be

Signature of student:___________ Signature of guide:____________

Name of Student: Name of Guide:-

Omkar Jalindar Mahadik Prof.M.M. Nadkarni

Date:-
Roll No:33053

Division:-TE,A
 SYNOPSIS

calculated automatically by simple trigonometry.