L-4/T-2/ME Date: 07/06/2014

rBANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

L-4/T -2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: IPE 4'81 (Industrial Management)

Full Marks: 280 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.,

1. (a) What do you mean by. management? According to Henry Mintzberg, what roles do
managers play in an organization? Classify these roles in three general categories. (15)
(b) What are the contributions by Frederick W. Taylor in Scientific Management School?
Mention the limitations of his theory? (15)
(c) Describe ~awthorne experiment and its outcomes. (16r; )

2. (a) What are the two things that needed to be kept in mind during organizational design? (10)
(b) Write short notes on Joan Woodward's Task technology approach for organizational
design. (10)
(c) What do you mean by recruitment and hiring? Describe a common hiring procedure. (1Sr;)
(d) What types of errors may be happened in performance appraisal? Explain. (11)

3. (a) What do you mean by formal authority? What is the difference between classical view
and acceptance view of fomial authority? (15)
(b) What are the prerequisItes of authority delegation? Describe the steps of delegation. (15)
(c) Classify formal teams. Describe the stages of a team development. (16r;)

4.~ (a) Describe Maslow's need theory. How this theory can be used for motivating a needy
low salaried employee and a highly
, paid executive officer? Write the differences between
ERG need theory and Maslow's need theory. (15)
(b) What amendments have been made in Taylor's differential piece work wage plan to
formulate Merrick's multiple differential piece work wage plan? Why these amendments
were made? (15)
(c) For worker, working in a machine shop, the following data is given. Guaranteed base rate
= Tk. 50 per hour. Total piece to be produced = 400 pieces. Standard task = 200 pieces/hour,
Low task would be 80% of the standard task. The worker took 4 hours to complete the
job. Percentage of the workers' share in the gain of above task is 30%. Hence c~ilculate
the rate of earning and rate of incentive per hour for the worker, using Halsey plan. (16 r;)
Contd P/2
':.,
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 =2=
IPE 481 (MEl
SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Define Prime cost and Conversion cost. (2+ 18)

High Desert Potteryworks makes a variety of pottery products that it sells to retailers such
as Home Depot. The company uses a job-order costing system in which predetermined
overhead rates are used to apply manufacturing overhead cost to jobs. The predetermined
overhead rate in the Molding Department is based on machine-hours, and the rate in the
. Painting Department is based on direct labor cost. At the beginning of the year, the
company's management made the following estimates:

Department
Molding Painting
Direct labor-hours ....................................................... 12,000 60,000
Machine-hours ............................................................ 70,000 8.,000
Direct materials cost : . $510,000 $650,000
Direct labor cos.t . $130;000 $420,000
Manufacturing overhead cost " .. $602,000 $735,000

The following information pertains to Job 205, which was started on August 1 and
completed on August 10.

Department
Molding Painting
Direct labor-hours , . 30 85
M.achine.hours . 110 20
Materials placed into production ~ . $470 $332
Direct labor cost . $290 $680

Now:
(i) Compute the predetermined overhead rate used during the year in the Molding
Department and Painting Department.
(ii) Compute the total overhead cost applied to Job 205.
(iii) What would be the total cost recorded for Job 205?
(b) What are the differences between step-variable cost and discretionary fixed cost? (673')
(c) Selected account balances for the year ended December 31 are provided below for
Superior Company: (20)

Selling and administrative salaries . $110,000

Purchases of raw materials . $290,000
Direct labor . ?
Advertising expense ............................................... $80,000
Manufacturing overhead . $270,000
Sales commissions . $50,000

Contd P/3
'J

.
-

=3=
<,
IPE 481 (ME)
Contd Q. No. S(c)

Inventory balances at the beginning and end of the year were as follows:

Beginning -of End of '

the Year the Year
Raw materials :; . $401000 $101000
Work in process . ? $35.000
Finished goods . $50,000 ?

The total manufacturing costs for the year were $683,000; the goods available for sale)
totaled $740,000 and the cost of goods sold totaled $660,000 .
. Now:
. (i) Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured and the cost of goods 'sold
section of the company's income statement for the year.
(ii) Assume that the dollar amounts given above are for the equivalent of 40,000 units
produced during the year. Compute the average cost per unit for direct materials used
and the average cost per unit for manufacturing overhead.
(iii) Assume that in the follo'0-ng year the company expects to prod'uce '50,000 units
and manufacturing overhead 'is fixed. What average cost per unit and total cost would
you expect to be incurred for direct materials? For manufacturing overhead?

6. (a) Far North Telecom, Ltd., of Ontario, has organized a new division to manufacture and
sell specialty cellular telephones. The division's monthly costs are shown below: - (20 %)

Manufacturing costs:
Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials ,....................... $48
Variable manufacturing overhead ; . $2
Fixed manufacturing overhead costs (total) . $360,000
Selling and administrative costs:
VariablE;J..........................; :...................................... 12% of sales
Fixed (total)' .........- :............................. $470,000

The company includes its labor costs in its fixed manufacturing overhead. The cellular
phones sell for $150 each. During the first month of operations, the following activity
was recorded:
Units produced . 12,000
Units sold . 10,000
Contd P/4

- I

"
 =4=

IPE 481 (ME)

Contd ... Q. No. 6(a)

(i) Compute the unit product cost under:

(a) Absorption costing
(b) Variable costing
(ii) Prepare an absorption costing income statement for the first month of operation .
.(iii) Prepare a contribution format income statement for first month using variable
costing.
(b) Define degree of operating leverage. The Shirt Works sells a large variety oftee shirts
and. sweatshirts .. Steve Hooper, the .owner, is thinking of expanding his sales by hiring
local high school students; on a commission basis, to sell sweatshiJ;1s bearing the name
and mascot of the local high school. (20)
These sweatshirts would have to be ordered from the manufacturer six weeks in advance,
and they 'could not be returned because of the unique printing ~equired. The sweatshirts
would cost Mr. Hooper $8 each with a minimum order of 75 sweatshirts. Any additional
sweatshirts would have to be ordered in increments of75.
Because Mr. Hooper's plan would not require any additional facilities"the only costs
"associated with the project would be the costs of the sweatshirts and the costs of the sales
commissions. The selling price of the sweatshirts would be $13.50 each. Mr. Hooper
would pay the students a commission of $1.5 for each shirt sold.
(i) To make the project worthwhile, Mr. H09per would require a $1,200 profit for the
first three months of the venture. What level. of sales in units and in dollars would be
requited to reach this target net operating income?

.
(ii) Assum.e that the venture is undertaken and an order is p~aced for 75 sweatshirts.
.
What would be Mr.. Hooper's break-even point in unit and in sales dollars? Show
computations and explain the reaSoning behind your ansyver.
(c) Discuss the limitations of Activity-Based Costing. (6)

7. (a) Advanced Products Corporation has supplied the following data from its activity-
based costing system: (20) ,

Overhead C.asts
Wa.ges a.nd salaries : . $300,000
Other overhead Costs . 100,000
Total overhead costs : . $400,000

Total Activity
Activity Cost Pool Activity Measure for the Year
Supporting direct labor . Number of direct labor-hOUrs 20,000 DLHs
Order processing . Number of customer orders 400 orders
Customer support . Number of customers 200 customers
Other , . This is an organization- Not applicable
sustaining activity

Contd P/5

~.
L'


=5=

IPE 481 (ME)

Contd . Q. No. 7(a)

DistribUtion of Resource Consumption Across Activities

Supporting Order Customer
Direct Labor Processing Support Other Total
Wages and salaries , 40% 30% 20% 10% 100%
Other overhead costs 30% 10% 20% 40% 100%

During the year, Advanced Products completed one order for a new customer, Shenzhen
Enterprises. This customer did not order any other products during the year. Data
concerning that order follow:
._-----
-D~t~--concerningtheShenzhen Enterprises Order.

Units ordered ., . 10 units

Direct labor-hours ,. . 2 DLHs per unit
Selli!'l9 price . $300 per unit
Direct materials . $180 per unit
Direct labor . $50 per unit

Now,
(i) Prepare a report showing the first-stage allocations of overhead costs to the
activity cost pools.
(ii) Compute the activity rates for the activity cost pools.
(iii), Prepare' a report showing the overhead costs for the order from Shenzhen
Enterprises including customer support costs.
(b) Discuss the limitation; of averaging techniques of forecasting. How these limitations
can be avoided? (10)
(c) A toy manufacturer uses 48000 rubber wheels per year for its popular dump truck
series. The firm makes its own wheels, which it can produce at a rate of 800 per day. The
. toy trucks are assembled uniformly over the year. Carrying cost is $1 per wheel per year.
Setup cost for a production run of wheels is $45. The firm operates 240 days per year.
Determine the following:

(i) The Optimal run siie

(ii) Minimum total annual cost for carrying and setup
(iii) cycle time for the optimal run size
(iv) Run time .

8. (a) End item A has a planned lead time of2 weeks. There are currently 120 units on hand
and scheduled receipts of 50 units arrive at week 3. (26%)
Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Demand 41 44 84 42 84 86 7 18 49 30

Contd P/6
 =6=

Contd ... Q. No. Sea)

(i) Compute the planned order releases using lot-far-lot.

(ii) Compute the planned order releases using PPB where the ratio of setup to holding
/

cost is 200.
(iii) Compare the total cost (setup and holding) for the above two techniques. The
, -'
setup cost is $100 and holding cost is $1 per unit per week ..

'(b) Write short notes on the following (20)

(i) Pegging
(ii) Time bucket
(iii) Exception reports
(iv) Critical ratio

) .
..
L-4ff-2/ME Date: 10/05/2014
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEElUNG AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: ME 425 (Aerodynamics) ,

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) What is power-required curve for an airpl~e? Show that f<?ra given airplane in level , ~..
and unaccel~rated flight condition, the power required is a minimWll, when ei!2 leD is, "

a maxImum. (12)
(b) Show that at the point of minimwlrpower-required in the power-required curve for level

andunaccelera~d flight,.e D, 0 = ~ C D,i ; where the symbols have their usual meaning. (6)

(c) A Boeing Business Jet is shown in the following Fig. for Q. l(c). Draw (17)
3
(i) The p~wer-required curve at se~-level (assume"Psea-)cvc)= 1.20 kg/m )
3
(ii) If the airplane is flying at 26,000 ft from the sea-level (Paltitude= 0.60 kg/m ),
draw_the.power-required curve at this altitude in the same plot as found from-(i).'

. -""~ .' . )

.Fig. for Q. l(c)

For the given airplane consider the following characteristics:

Wing span = 42.44 m
2
Wing area = 163.74 m
Normal gross weight = 1.176 MN
Drag at zero-lift = 0.037
Oswald efficiency factor = 0.78.
Contd P/2
 =2=
ME 425

2. (a) What do you mean by Range and Endurance in context to a jet-powered airplane?
Derive a formula to determine the range of a jet airplane. How to maximize the Range of

a jet airplane? (14)

(b) Estimate the maximum Range for the given Boeing Business Jet airplane as

mentioned in Q. I (c). In addition to the above mentioned data further consider (13)
TSFC to the airplane = 2.0 x 10-4 S-l

Fuel tank capacity of the airplane = 0.80 MN

Assume the cruising altitude of the plane is 26~OOO

ft from the sea-level where P = 0.60 kWm3.

(c) Show the typical variation of aerodynamic forces which are acting dUring take-off and

landing of an airplane. (8)

3. (a) Determine the landing ground roll distance at sea-level for the given Boeing Business
Jet airplane as mentioned in Q. l(c). Necessary data should be taken from Q. l(c).
Further consider no thrust reversal is used during the landing; however~ spoilers are
employed such that L = O. The spoilers increase the zero-lift drag coefficient by 20
percent. The fuel tanks are essentially empty~ so neglect the weight of any fuel carried by
the airplane during landing. Further, take the maximum lift coefficient (with flaps

employment) at touchdown condition is 2.20. Assume paved runway with J.lr = 0.2. (12)
(b) Deduce the expression of turning radius and turn in case of pull-up and pull-down
maneuver of an airplane. . (8)
(c) What is v-n diagram in context to flight operation? Draw a typical v-n diagram and

explain. (10)
(d) How the 'downwash' affect the airplane performance? (5)

4. (a) What is jet propulsion? Derive the fundamental thrust equation for jet propulsion. (10)
(b) Draw typical pressure distribution around an airfoil. Explain how lift is generated in
subsonic flow? (8)
(c) How can you classify the aerodynamic drag? Discuss the sources of drag. (10)

(d) What is stall effect? Show that the stall velocity of an aiifoil can be expressed as (7)
2W
Vstall =
Pee SCL,max

where the symbols have their usual meaning.

Contd P /3

.1.:.;" :.

":r{'y
~~
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 , '

=3=

ME 425
SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
" '

All symbols have their usual meaning.

Assume reasonable values for missing data, if any.

5. (a) Write down the equation for the conservation of mass (continuity equation) for a two-
dimensional, incompressible flow., (3)
(b) What is the 'irrotationality condition' for a two-dimensional, incompressible flow? (6)
(c) Show that for any two-dimensional, incompressible flow, a velocity potential, <p can
be defined such that it automatically satisfies the in'otationality condition, whereas the
continuity equation is satisfied if Laplace's equation is satisfied. On the other hand, a
stream function, \fI can be defined such that it automatically satIsfies the continuity
equation but it satisfies the irrotationality condition if Laplace's equation is satisfied. (12)
(d) Consider th~ following two-dimensional flow: (14)
V =-Byl + B~J
(i) If this flow posse~ses..a stream function, find its form.
(ii) If this flow possesses a velocity potential, find its form.

6; (a) As shown in the figure for the Q. No. 6(a), a vehicle windshield is to be shaped as a
portion of a half-body with the dimension as shown. For a free stream velocity of 55
mph, determine the velocity of the air at points A and B. (18)

--.-
U;;:: 55 mph

':\

(b) As illustrated in the Figure for Q. No. 6(b), a tornado can be approximated by a free
vortex of strength r for r > Rc, where Rc is the radius of the core. Velocity measurements
at points A and B indicate that V A = 125 ft/s and VB = 60 ft/s. Determine the distance

from point A to the center of the tornado. (17)

"-
"'\
\
\

,,\
 c.

=4=

ME 425

8. (a) By sketching a streamline pattern around an airfoil and using the ideas of continuity
and Bernoulli's equation (flow can be assumed as incompressible), explain how this
airfoil generates lift. (9)
(b) What do you understand by the 'stall' of an airfoil? Why does it occur? Explain with
appropriate sketches. (8)
(c) Plot the variation of aerodynamic efficiency, i.e., LID ratio with angle of attack of an

asymmetric airfoil. (6)

..
'~

(d) Derive an expression for the lift coefficient of a symmetric airfoil using the classical
thin airfoil theory. (12)

" -
.' .

f'~~--- __ -_l

L-4/T-2/ME Date: 10/05/2014

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012 .

Sub: ME 449 (Composite Materials)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
._.... __ .~-~._--~_
_---_ _ _----~-------_
... ... ...._.. ..-'-~"'~""""""""-'-'-'-'-'---'-'-------"-"'-----

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Symbols used have their usual meaning.

1. (a) According to Tsai- Wu failure theory, failure of a lamina can be predicted by

examining the following inequality:. (15)
HIO'I + H20'2 + H6't12 + HIlO/ + H220'/ + H66'tl/ + 2H120'10'2< 1
(i) Determine different components (other than H12) of the above failure theory by
usual procedure.
(ii) Determine the component H12 by considering a 45 lamina under uniaxial tension.
(b) Using the maximum stress and Tsai-Hill failure theories, find .the maximum biaxial
stress O'x = - 0' and O'y = - 0' ('txy = 0) that can be applied to a 60 lamina of
graphite/epoxy. The strength parameters of the graphite/epoxy lamina are given as: (20)
T T
O'lu = 1500 MPa, 0'2u = 40 MPa,
C C
O'lu = 1500 MPa, 0'2u = 246 MPa,
. 'tSu = 68 MPa

2. (a) For a non-uniform temperature distribution in a laminate, derive the expression for
residual stresses. (15)
(b) The transverse coefficient of thermal expansion, U2, versus fiber volume fraction, V f,
for a unidirectional glass/epoxy lamina is shown in Fig. for Q. No. 2(b). It is seen that
U2 > Urn in the range ab as shown in the figure. Find the range of fiber volume fraction.
Use following properties of glass and epoxy: (20)
Ef= 85 GPa Em = 3.4 GPa
Vf=0.2 Vm = 0.3
-{)
Uf= 5 x lO-{)/oC Urn = 63 x 10 /oC.

3. (a) Condense the following expanded laminate code: (5)

(i) [0/45/-45/90]
(ii)'@45/-45/-45/45/0]
(iii) [0/90/60/60/90/0]
(iv) [0/45/60/45/0]
(v) [45/-45/45/-45/-45/45/-45/45]
Contd P/2
 =2=
ME 449
Contd ... Q. No.3

(b) The global strains at the top surface of a [0/45/60]s laminate are given as (10)
. T -4 -8 -7]T
[ex ey'Yxy] = [1.69xlO -6.5 x 10 -2.14xlO
and the midplane strains in this laminate are given as

[e~ e~ 'Y~y y = [8.4xlO-{j 4.8xlO-4 -3.1xlO-3]T

(i) What are the midplane curvatures in this laminate?

(ii) What are the global strains at the top surface of the 45 lamina located below the
midplane?
(c) Find the extensional stiffness matrix [A] for a [0/60/-60] glass/epoxy laminate.
Assume that the thickness of each lamina is 0.127 mm. Use folloWing properties of the
glass/epoxy lamina: (20)
E} = 38.6 GPa, E2 = 8.27 GPa, V12= 0.26, and G12 = 4.14 GPa.

4. (a) Write a short note on functionally graded materials (FGMs). (10)

(b) A lamina with a circular hole is loaded at an angle a. to the fiber direction. For this
lamina, plot the circumferential stress distribution around the hole of the lamina for
a. = 0, 30, 60, and 90. (10)
(c) Define a balanced laminate. For a balanced laminate, show that the components A16
and A26 of the extensional stiffness matrix are zero. (15)

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) A eNG cylinder manu:(acturer wishes to replace steel cylinders with glass-fiber
composite cylinders. Mention some of the advantages and disadvantages of glass-fiber
.composit~ cylinders compared to steel cylinders. (5)
(b) What are the primary functions of reinforcements, matrix and coupling agentS in a
composite material? (10)
(c) Find the longitudinal elastic modulus of a unidirectional graphite/epoxy lamina with a
40% fiber volume fraction, and Ef = 90 GPa, Em = 3 GPa. Also, find the ratio of the load
taken by the fibers to that of the composite. (20)

6. (a) An RVE is of cubical shape with 2mm x 2mm x 2mm dimension. It contains one
cylindrically shaped fiber with length of 1 mm and diameter of 0.5 mm. The rest of the
RVE is filled with the matrix. Find the volume fraction of fibers in the composite. (5)

Contd P/3
 ,=3=

ME 449
Contd Q. No.6

(b) A glass/epoxy lamina consists of a 70% fiber volume fraction. Determine the: (15)
3 3
(i) Density of the lamina if ~= 2200 kglm and Pm = 1100 kglm
(ii) Mass fractions of glass and epoxy. '
(c) Derive the expression for major Poisson's ratio of a unidirectional composite lamina

using the mechanics of materials approach. (15)

7. (a) perive the relations between the compliance matrix and engineering constants oLan

angle orthotropic lamina under plane stress conditions. (15)

(b) Find the compliance matrix for a unidirectional graphite/epoxy lainina. The material

properties are given as E) == 175 GPa, Ez = 20 Gpa, VIZ = 0.3, G12 = 10 GPa. (15)
(c) Explain how the transverse Young's modulus of a unidirectional composite lamina is

matrix dominated. (5)

8. (a) For a unidirectional lamina, derive an expreSSion for calculating longitudinal

coefficient of thermal expansion. (15)

(b) Deduce the expression for transformed reduced compliance matrix in terms of the
Reuter matrix and transformation matrix for a generally orthotropic lamina. Explain how

a generally orthotropic lamina behaves differently compared to an orthotropic lamina. (20)

",
.)

--~-_._.__-----~.
.. ---------_ ..._--------_ _ _---
.. ..

,,--- ~--~~)

-b
~JD It. - - - - - '-

~Vf
h:rJ rftr~~ No 2.JJ)J

Expressions for components of Stiffness and Compliance matrix of a

generallyorthotropic angle lamina

4
Qll = QllC + Q22S4 + 2(Qll + 2Q66)S2C2
4
Q12 -:- (Q11 + Q22 - 4Q66)S2C2 +Q12(C +S4)
4
'Q22 = QllS + Q22C4 + 2(Q12 + 2Q66)S2C2
3
Q16 = (Q11 - Q12 - 2Q66 )c S - (Q22 - Q12 - 2Q66 )S3 C
-. . 3 3
Q26 = (Qll - Q12 ;- 2Q66 )CS - (Q22 - Q12 -: 2Q66)C S

4
Q66 = (Qll + Q22 - 2Q12 - 2Q66)S2C2
'., + Q66 (S4 + c )

4
811= SllC + (2S12 + S66)S2C2 + S22S4
812 = S12 (S4 + c4) + (Sl1 + S22 '- S66)S2C2

822 = S1'1S4 + (2S12 + S66)S2C2 + S22C4

3
816 = (2s11 -2S12 -S66)SC -(2S22 -2S12 -S66)S3C

826 = (2s11 -2S12 -S66)S3C-(2s22 -2S12 -S66)SC3

866 = 2(2s11 + 2S22 - 4S12 - S66)S2C2 + S66 (S4 + c4),

".~
L-4ff-2/ME Date: 17/05/2014
. '. .
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA.
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: ME 403 (power Plant Engineering)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
___ .~ __ _ _. __ _. _ _:..-.. __ __ .H _._. ,_ ~. __ _ _ _-

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) What is the current generation mix in Bangladesh? What might be the generation mix

in 2050 in Bangladesh? Elaborate with logic. (10)

(b) What are the factors to be considered for siting of a conventional power plant? (5)
(c) A power station of 30 MW capacity has the maximum annual 5 NW, demand of 25
MW. It supplies loads having maximum demands of 10 MW, 8.5 MW, and 4.5 MW. The
annual load factor is 45%. Estimate: (i) the average load, (ii) the energy supplied per

year, (iii) the diversity factor, and (iv) the demand factor. (20)

2. (a) What are the effects of variable loads on power plants? (5)
(b) What is meant by the levelised cost of electricity? What are its oo-"antages and limitations? (15)
(c) Draw the processes of a gas-turbine combined-cycle plant on a T-s plane. (5)
(d) What are effects of ambient air temperature and pressure on the performance of a

combined-cycle power plant? (10)

3. (a) Compare single-, dual-, and triple-pressure combined cycles with t!te help of energy-
temperature diagrams. (15)
(b) What is IGCC? Describe an IGCC power plant with a suitable schematic. (10)
(c) What is oxy-fuel process? ' (3)
(d) Discuss the various methods for carbon capture and storage (CCS) from power plants. (7)

4. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydro-electric power plants? (8)
(b) How is the governing of hydraulic turbines done? (4)
(c) Define fis~onable, fissile, and fertile materials in reference to nuclear power plants.
Give examples of each. (3)
(d) Distinguish between a thermal reactor and a fast reactor. (4)
(e) Name the types of nuclear power planfin use in the world today. (4)
(t) What are Generation IV nuclear reactors? Briefly describe each of them. (12)'

Contd P/2
 =2=
ME 403

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Write down the features of major commercial types of Internal Combustion Engines

(ICE) that may be used as::.rprime mover for electricity generation. (18)
\

(b) Briefly describe all the auxiliary equipment used in stationary diesel generators.

Provide schematic diagram if necessary. (17)

6. (a) Describe with neat sketches the direct and indirect gas turbine cycles for both the
open and closed type. (12)
(b) With necessary sketches briefly describe the basic methods of blade cooling of gas turbine. (12)
(c) Write down the comparative features of a gas turbine as prime mover with respect to

steam turbine and reciprocating internal combustion engine. (11)

7. (a) What are the advanced features of a supercritical power plant compared to a

traditional (subcritical) coal-fIred plant? (12)

(b) Briefly describe the Fluidised-Bed combustion (FBe) technology used in coal based

thermal power plant. Also mention its advantages. (12)

(c) What are the distinguishing features of a radiant superheater with respect to a

conventional superheater used in a steam generator? (11)

8. (a) What is de-aeration, used in a condenser of a steam power plant? Briefly describe.
Why is it necessary? (12)
(b) Describe a typical velocity diagram for a two-stage reaction turbine with proper sketches. (12)
(c) Describe the working principle of an overspeed trip valve (emergency governer) of a
. "

steam turbine. (11)

. .
---------------------------.--------

...

~" .. :',' ...

L-4ff-2/ME Date: 24/05/2014
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-7012

, Sub:
,
ME 433 (Fluidics)
.
Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
-,-------,_ ~----__-------'"--------,----_ .._.- -_ .._ __ .._-------

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Discuss the desirable features in a hydraulic motor braking circuit. (5)
(b) The system shown in the 'figure Q. l(a)contains
-
a pump of 10 in
"
3
displacement
volume and 1000 rpm rotational speed for delivering high pressure oil to a hydraulic
)

motor, which .drives an extemalload via a rotating shaft. The following data are given: (30)
Pump
Inlet pressure = - 4 psi, mechanical efficiency = 95% .and volumetric efficiency"; 90%
Hydraulic motor
Displacement volume = 8 in3, discharge pressure = 5 psi, inlet pressure 1'2 required to
. drive the load = 500 psi, mechanical efficiency = 92% and volumetric efficiency = 90% .
Pipe
1 in schedule 40 pipe with ID = 1.04 in, length between points 1 and 2 = 50 ft
Fittings
Two 900 elbows (K = 0.7 for each elbow) and one check valve (K = 4.0)
Oil
Viscosity = 125 cS and specific gravity = 0.9
If the hydraulic motor is 20 ft above the pump, determine the
(i) Pump flow rate and input hp, (ii) Pump discharge. pressure Ph (iii) Motor speed,
output hp and torque and (iv) the overall efficiency of the system.

2. (a) Explain the problems that arise in synchronizing circuits when cylinders are
conrtected in parallel. What condition must the cylinders connected in series meet for
removing these problems? (12)
(b) Explain how, at the expense of load capacity the' extension spee~ increases in a
regenerative circuit. (10)
(c) Discuss the desirable features of a good reservoir in a hydraulic system. (13)

3. (a) What are the functions of the FRL unit in a pneumatic circuit? (5)
(b) With a sketch discuss the function of a compressor starting unloader control system. (8)
(c) A downstream pressure ofthe 53% of the upstream pressure is the limiting factor for
, -
passing air through a pneumatic valve to an actuator. Why? (5)

Contd P/2
 =2=

ME 433
Contd ... Q. No.3

(d) What are the differences in construction of pneumatic cylinders from that of the
hydraulic cylinders? (5)
(e) Identify different components and narrate the operation of the circuit sho~ in Figure
Q. 3(e). Discuss the characteristics features of this circuit. (12)

4. (a) Differentiate between fluidic devices and the moving part logic devices. (8)
(b) What is Coanda Effect? Explain with a neat sketch its application in a wall attaclUnent
flip-flop. (9)
(c) Write short notes on (i) Turbulence amplifier, (ii) Vortex flow arn:plifier and (iii) Cone
jet sensor. (12)
(d) Characteri~e the following two symbols. (6)

'--e-----{ffi[jJ:()" ---" ..----_._-

_..__.._.:.....-i(--~~---_ .._.- - ._-_
.....
'-"-~'---." . . -. '. -

SECTION-B
.
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Why is it important to select properly the size of pipes, valves and fittings in hydraulic
system. (5)
(b) With necessary diagrams give the analysis of energy balance (in and out) of a
complete hydraulic circuit including pipes, valves.and fittings. (10)
(c) For the hydraulic system as shown in Fig. for Q. No. 5(c), the following data are given: (20)
(i) the pump is adding 3.5 kW to the flUId,
(ii) pump flow is 2.0 litre/sec,
(iii) diameter of pipe is 25.4 mm,
(iv) the specific gravity of oil is 0.9,
(v) the kinematic viscosity of oil is 100 cs,
(vi) the elevation between point (1) and (2) is 6.1 m,
(vii) .pump inlet pipe length is 1.5 m and pump outlet pipe length up to hydraulic
rpotor is 5.0 m,
. Find the pressure available at the inlet to the hydraulic motor. The surface level of oil is
0I:en to atmosphere.
Contd P/3
 =3=

ME 433

6. (a) Explain the operation of an axial piston pump (Bent axis type). (10)
(b) Write the differences between In-line piston pump and Radial piston pump. (5)
(c) What are the important considerations to select a pUtllP for a particular application? (10)
3 3
(d) A pump has a displacement volume of 100 cm . It delivers 1550 cm /s at 1000 rpm

and 690 kPa. If the prime mover input torque is 5.1 kN-m, find the overall efficiency of

the pump and the theoretical torque required to drive the pump. (10)

7. (a) Explain the operation of a hydraulic vane motor with necessary diagrams. (12)
(b) With neat sketches briefly describe the operation of a hydraulic cylinder cushions. (1O)~
(c) Deduce an expression for the torque capacity interms of displacement volume of a

rotary actuator. (13)

8. (a) What is hydrostatic transmission? Name four advantages it typically possesses. (5)
(b) With schematic diagram explain the operation of four way directional control valve. (10).
(c) Differentiate between the operational characteristics of a pressure relief valve and a

pressure reducing valve. (5)

.<d) A needle valve is used to control the extending speed of a hydraulic cylinder as shown
in Fig. for Q. No. 8(d). The needle valve is placed in the outlet line of the hydraulic

cylinder. The following data'are given: (15)

(i) cylinder piston speed is 25 cm/s
(ii) piston diameter is 5cm
(iii) piston rod diameter is 2.5 cm
(iv) cylinder load is 225 kN
(v) specific gravity of oil is 0.9
(vi) pressure relief valve setting is 3450 kPa
Find the required capacity coefficient of the needle valve.
 (0

:.j?"
:.:.'
"F

ELECTRIC.
MOTOR

Figure for Q l.a

.. ,
,
,

- .. _----"
I I
I I
, I
I

-1---{0
10PSI ,
'.
L

V2

Figure for Q3.e

: ~ ..
- oF
~
 -. ----.-------

!2,.5' ~?'171'\
STD. ELBOW ELECTRIC
MOTOR
t
"I'M
ELEVATION

1_

Qneedle I
valve.

NEEDLE
Qp VALVE
.---+-

---------,
,,
I
I

I
_____ J
PRV

f
.:.:.,'

L-4ff-2/ME Date: 24/05/2014

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: ME 475 (Mechatronics)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Symbols indicate their usual meaning.
Assume reasonable values for any missing data ..
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION -A
There are FOUR questionsin this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Draw typical connection of an 'op-amp' for its use as (15)

(i) Non-inverting amplifier with voltage divider,
(ii) Inverting Band-pass filter,
(iii) Instrumentation amplifier.
(b) Explain the operation principle of a full wave bridge rectifier. (10)
(c) Classify data transmission modes used in communication systems. (5)
" (d) Write a short note on Shanon's sampling theorem. (5)

2. (a) A 8-bit ADC has a reference voltage of 2.55 V and analog input of 2.0 V. Find the
binary output. (5)
(b) Write a short note on half adder circuit. (5)
(c) What are the ideal characteristics of an op-amp? (5)
(d) Make a brief comparison between sensors and actuators. (5)
(f) Derive the expression for the gage factor of a strain gage. (15)

3. (a) Distinguish between the followings: (10)

(i) Parallel and serial data communications.
(ii) Synchronous and asynchronous serial communications.
(b) A certain binary-weighted-input DAC as shown in figure below has a binary input of
1101. Ifa High input is +3.0 V and a Low input is 0 V, what is the output voltage, Vout? (10)
--~ 120 k.Q ~.,~-'-;;---- __

60 k.Q 10 k.Q

30 k.Q

15 k.Q
Do

Figure for Q. No. 3(b)

Contd P/2
 '-

=2=
ME 475
Contd .. Q. NO.3

(c) Write down the Boolean expression for the logic circuit below: (15)

Figure for 9. No. 3(c)

;:'

Simplify the circuit, draw the simplified circuit and the corresponding Boolean equation.

4. (a) Draw the characteristics curve of different filters. (5)

(b) Define envelope, payload and precision as used in robotics. (6)
(c) Classify different types of robot manipulators. (5)
(d) Sketch the following manipulator configurations: (9)
(i) TRT: R, (ii) TVR: TR (iii) RR: T
(f) What are the key components of machine vision system? Describe the processing
steps of machine vision system. (10)

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) What is "Mechatronics"? Briefly describe basic elements of a mechatronics system. (10)
(b) Mention some advantages of mechatronic systems. (6)
(c) What are the differences between the dynamic behavior of "PD" and "PI" controllers. (14)
(d) Draw a circuit diagram to implement "PID" controller using op-amps. (5)

6. (a) Define "CAD" "CAM" and "CIM". Mention the major elements of a "CIM" system.
Also point out the factors to be considered for the implementation of "CIM". (15)
(b) What is virtual prototyping? Mention some advantages of virtual prototyping. (8)
(c) Determine a range of values of a system parameter tK' using Routh-Hurwitz criteria
for which the unity feedback system with the following transfer function is stable. (12)

O(s) = 1
s3 + 3s2 + 3s + 1 + K
Contd P/3
 =3=

ME 475

7. (a) What is automation? B~efly d.escribe basic types of automated manufacturing systems. (10)
(b) Describe different features of home and office automation. (10)
(c) What is virtual instrumentation? With proper block diagrams, describe the basic

elements of virtual instrumentation. " (15)

8. (a) "A very precise system is more prone to unstability"- explain briefly. (5)
(b) For the' following transfer function, indicate the poles in the s-plane. Also find the

natural frequency, ron and damping ratio, S. Draw the corresponding step response curve

and state ,the kind of response expected. (15)

O(s) = 25
s2 + 2.5s + 25
(c) For "asecond order system, find the condition of minimum time to attain stability. (5)
(d) Mention the types of process inputs applied in a dynamiC" system. Illustrate their

characteristics. (10)
L-4ff-2/ME Date: 31/05/2014
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011~2012
Sub: ME 409 (Renewable Energy)
Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Distinguish between a blackbody, a white body and a grey body. If a", is defined as the
spectral absorptivity, assign numerical values for these 3 types of bodies. With an
example, show various components of energy gains and losses with.a flat plate collector. (10)
(b) Considering the sun as a black body at a temperature of 5800 K, determine the
characteristic wavelength of the solar spectrum and its corresponding color. (10)
. (c) For a black body at 5760 K, calculate the energy fraction for the wavelength between
violet and blue color range'(Use Table 1 and Figure 1). (15).

2. (a) What is the "Stefan Boltzmann Law"? Use it to determine the solar constant for the
earth, considering the surface temperature of the s~ at 6035 C and an average earth-sun
distance of 1.0 astronomical unit. . (10)
(b) With neat sketches of "roof ponds" show the use,of solar energy in (i) day-time and in
(ii) night time operations. (10)
(c) Two satellites are being sent one to the orbit of Mercury and other to the' orbit of

.
Jupiter. Each of the satellites electronic equipment is to be powered by silicon
photovoltaic cells that are 10% efficient. If a total of 1.0 kW of electrical power is .
required for each of the equipment, find the area of cells necessary in each case. (15)
8 8
(Take rMercury= 0.58 x 10 km, rJupiter= 7.78 x 10 km).

3. (a) Draw the following (do not describe) with proper labelling for the tidal energy
production scheme of a double-basin single-tide working installation (10)
(i) Height vs. operating cycle curve
(ii) Capacity vs. power curve
(b) Show that, for a single-basin tidal energy power plant, (10)
available energy potential = pg rZ=R ZAz dZ .
. JZ=ZI

where the symbols have their usual meaning.

(c) A tidal power plant has a single-basin of area 4.0 km2 The tide has a range of 8.5 m
and the turbine stops operating when level of water in the basin falls below 3.5 m.
Determine.the average output power generated during on cycle in MW. Consider turbine-
generator system efficiency as 75% and specific gravity of sea water as 1.025 (l cycle =
6 hours 12.5 min). (15)

Contd P/2
 =2=
ME 409

4. (a) What are the types of energy we get from the ocean? How are OTEC systems

classified? Draw and label a typical OTEC system. (10)

(b) How were many groups made for the renewable energy t1case-study"? Mention the

designations and responsibilities of specific members in a group. (10)

(c) What is a fuel cell? What are'its advantages? What are the materials generally used in

fuel cells for electrodes and for electrolytes? Draw and label a typical fuel cells. (15)

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
The questions are of equal value.
Assume reasonable data if necessary.
"

.. 5. (a) What is geothermal energy? Explain various types of available geothermal resources.
(b) Discuss the various types of electric power generation from geothermal resources.

6. (~) Compare between renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy sources with
examples.
(b) With the help of a schematic diagram describe a floating drum type biogas plant.

7. (a) Prove that theoretically 59.~6% power can be extracted from the wind by a wind turbine.
(b) Calculate the power output of a wind turbine having a rotor diameter of 5.5 m at a

wind velocity of 22 km/h. The density of air is 1.3 kg/m 3 and the downstream wind
velocity is 11 km/h.

8. Write short notes ~n the followings:

(i) Biodiesel
(ii) Plate tectonic theory
(iii) Biomass resources

.-.11:
.-----
til

ft. ,,:
----_._-._----_. _._---_. __ ..._,----_._._~--_ ... _-_._-_ .. ,

Waveleng[tl in micrometers" (}.1m)

-0.001 0.38 O.4S 0.49 0.56 0.59 0.63 3000-

-
~
Violet

Highest intensity of sunligh[

Blue

...
..J
Green Yellow Orange Red

. L Greatest sensitivity of the human eye I ~.

"A micrometer (}.1m)is a millionth of a meter, or 1 X lO-om.

Fig. 1." 'Wavelengths of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light.

TABLE L The f'Un~tion f(x) defined by Equation 1.14.

x(J.l.rn-K) f(x)

(}.OOI
x(,u.m-K) f(x)
I x(,u.m-K) f(x)

1100 4600 0.580 8100 0.860

1200 0.002 . 4700 0.594 8200 0.864
1300 0.004 4800 0.608 8300 0.868
1400 0.008 4900 0.621 8400 , 0.871
1500 0.013 5000 0.634 8500 '0.875
1600 0.020 5100 0.646 8600 '0.878
1700 0.029 5200 0.658 8700 0.881
1800 0.040 5300 0.669 8800 0.884
1900 0.052 5400 0.680 8900 0.887
2000 0.067 5500 0.691
. 9000 0.890
2100 0.083 5600 0.701 c 9100 0.893
2200 0.101 5700 0.711 9200 0.S95
2300' \
0.120 5800 0.720 9300 0.898
-
2400
2500
0.140
0.161 I 5900
6000
. 0.730
0.738
9400
9500
0.901
0.903
2600 0.183 6100 0.746 9600 0.905
2700 ,0.205 6200. 9.754 9700 0.908
-
2800 . 0.228 6300 0.762 9800 0.910
2900 0.251 6~OO 0.770 9900 0.912
3000 0.273 '6500 0.776 10000 0.914
3100 0.296 . 6600 0.783 11000 0.932
3200 0.318 6700 0.790 .- 12000 0.945
3300 0.340 6800 0.796 13000 0.955
3400 0.362 . 6900 0.802 14000 0.963
B500 0.383 7000 0.808 15000 0.969
3600 0.404 7100 0.814 16000 0.974
3700 0.424 7200 0.819 17000 0.978
3800 0.443 7300 ' 0.824 18000 0:981
3900 0.462 7400 0.830 19000 0.983
4000 0.483 7500 0.834 .20000 0.986 .
4100 0,499 7600 0.840 30000 0.995
4200 0.016 noo .0.844 40000 0.998
,
4S00 0.533 7800 0.848 50000 0.999
HOO 0.549 7900 0.852
4500 0.564 8000 0.856
I
- L-4/T-2/ME Date: 31/05/2014
I

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: ME 427 (Applied Engineering Mathematics)

Full Marks : 210 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
,-;"

SECTION -A
There are FOUR questions in,this section. Answer any THREE.
Symbols have their usual meaning.

1. (a) Briefly explain the concept of a 'Functional'. (17,7i)

For the following functional,

find the minimizing function y(x) which satisfys the following boundary conditions:

y(O) = 0 and y(n/2) = I

Also evaluate the corresponding value ofI(y)~
(b) The total potential energy for a both-ends fixed beam carrying a uniformly distributed

transverse load q(x) per unit length is given by (17,7i)

E=
r'
.b 2
EI (ddx2YJ2,
2 dx -
r'
.b qy dx
",

Deduce the differential equation that governs the deflection of the beam if the material
and geometrical properties remain constant. .

.2. (a) With a step-by-step procedure, describe Rayleigh-Ritz variational method for

obtaining solutions to boundary-value problems of engineering. (17}i)

(b) Heat conduction in a solid metallic rod of unit length with an internal heat source is

modeled by the following boundary-value problem: (17}i)

T is the steady.;state temperature which are maintained zero at both the ends of the bar.
If the temperature distribution is approximated by
2 " 4
T(X) = c]X (1- X ) + C2X (1 - X )

find the values of the constants C 1 and C2 by collocation method.

Contd P/2

,,'i:r-..
,~,>iIlI
 =2=

ME 427

3. (a) With a neat sketch, describe a standard quadratic pipe-flow element. Derive the

element characteristic matrix equations for the following cases by the direct approach: (17;i )

(i) laminar fluid flow in a pipe

(ii) steady heat conduction in a solid rod
(b) Derive linear shape fuhctions for a bar element. With neat sketches, describe the

properties of linear shape functions. (17;i)

4. (a)

Using finite element method, find the stresses in the two bar assembly which is loaded

with force P, and constrained at the two ends, as shown in the figure. (17;i)

(b) A composite insulating wall consists of three materials as shown in Fig. Q. 4(b). The
outer wall temperature is 29C. Convection heat transfer takes place on the inner wall
2
with Too = 800C and convective heat transfer coefficient, H = 25 W/m /C: (17;i)

Construct the reduced global stiffness matrix equation for the composite wall, which can
be solved for temperature distribution.

7 ()
uAe y- walJ...

f::- 20W (m/ t1

C

k2.:: 30 wi/9Cyy\

..f<3=- 50" W!if\ /0C

Contd P/3
 =3=

ME 427
SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) How do you classify engineering problems based on physical conditions? Explain

them with suitable examples. (20)

(b) Give the physical interpretation of the following equation: (15)
U;xx + uyy = U - g(x, y) [0 < x < 1, 0 < y < I}

uix, 0) = h (u(x, 0) - uo}

u(x, 1) = 100

ux(O, y) = 0

ux(1, y) ~ 0

where uo is known.

6. (a) Given (18)

x'=xy + t; x(O) = 1

y'= ty + x; y(O) =-1

find the solution of first two steps with step size of 0.1.
. (b) Use Newton's method with starting guess (1, 2) to find a solution of the following

system (show the first two steps) (17)

v- u3 = 0

i+/-I=O

7. (a) Consider a both end fixed beam of length L under uniformly distributed tr~sverse
loading q. Write the governing equation and boundary conditions for the system. Use Finite
Difference method to discretize the governing equation and boundary conditions and
generate the coefficient matrix. Consider five equal segments of beam and flexural rigidity

of the beam EI. Also deduce the discretized forms of bending moment and shear force. (30)
(b) Write the transformation equations between the Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate

. systems. (5)

8. (a) Express the following differential equation in its equivalent algebraic equation (17)
4 2
d cjl -+ a. 2 d cjl + a. 4 cjl = sin (a. 2 x 2 )
dx4 dx2 .

where a. is an arbitrary constant. Also show the corresponding pictorial representation of

the equation.
Contd P/4
 =4=

ME 427
Contd ... Q. No.8

(b) Consider steady-state radial heat flow in a hollow cylinder of inside radius 2 cm and
6 3
outside radius 7 cm. Energy is generated at the rate of5 x 10 W/m while the inside

surface is maintained at a temperature of 100C. The outer surface dissipates heat by

2
convection with a heat t~ansfer coefficient 500 W/m .oC into an ambient of zero

temperature. The thermal conductivity of the material is 50 W/m.oC. By dividing the

region of interest into five equal segments, develop coefficient matrix by using Finite

Difference approximation. (18)

 L-4/T-2/ME
,~ .
Date: 31/05/2014
'BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B".'Sc.' Engineering Examinations 2011-2012

Sub: ME 439 (Biomedical Fluid Mechanics)

. Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Draw a schematic diagram representing the blood circulation system of hum ail body. (10)
(b) What is the difference between the systemic and pulmonary circulation systems? (8)
(c) What is cardiac cycle? Explain how heart and its associated system maintaih the
pressure of blood. (8)
(d) Mention six systems of human body where fluid mechanics plays important roles. (9)

_ 2. (a) What is the composition of blood? Write their names and percent distributions. (10)
(b) Define haematocrit, erythrocytes and rouleaux. How are they related? (9)
(c) Show the behavior of blood viscosity with shear rate. Also show the effect of
fibrinogen on blood viscosity. Explain why they are different.. (8)
(d) Will you consider blood as a shear thinning fluid? Justify. (8)

3. (a) Deduce the Krogh's steady state model of oxygen diffusion from blood vessel to
tissue. Summarize the limitations of Krogh model. (20)
(b) Explain the diffusion process in the Haemodialyzer with necessary governmg
equation and boundary condition. (15)

4. (a) With neat sketch explain major categories of mechanical prosthetic heart valves. (2Q)
(b) How haemolysis may occur due to the implantation of a mechanical prosthetic heart
valve? - (5)
(c) Explain different conditions that cause disruption of blood flow in blood vessels. (10)

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Symbols indicate their usual meaning.
Assume any reasonable values for any missing data.

5. Blood is flowing through a circular tube. Consider blood as a viscous, incompressible

fluid and assume axisymmetric and steady flow.
(a) Write down the Navier-Stokes equation in cylindrical' co-ordinate system for the
above conditions. (7)
Contd P/2

':"
 =2=
ME 439
Contd ... Q. No.5

(b) Write down the expression of the above equations in terms of stream function. (8)
(c) If R is the characteristic length and uo is the characteristic velocity, derive the
equations of 5(a) in dimensionless forms. (15)
(d) What is the physical significance of the dimensionless governing parameter appeared
in the equations of 5(c)? (5)

6. (a) Deduce the expression of velocity profile for a pulsatile sinusoidal, axisymmetric and
axial flow in a tube of radius R. (15)
(b) Stating necessary assumptions, derive Mones-Kortewag expression for wave velocity
in an inviscid fluid-filled elastic cylindrical cube. (20)

7. Consider steady laminar blood flow in a vessel of radius R and length 1. Model this flow
as that of a Casson fluid with a yield stress of'ty which is described by the constitutive
relations

y = 0, 't ~ 'ty

where 't is the applied constant shear stress, y is the shear strain rate and K is the blood's
Casson coefficient.

Rct~
- .- solid core ~ .._t_._._t_

Fig. for Q. NO.7.

(a) Show that (15)

2'ty
and Rc =---
-dpjdz'

where .Rc is the radius of the non-flowing "core", i.e., the region where the local shear
stress is less than the yield stress.
(b) Show that the axial velocity distribution is given by (20)

Contd P/3
 =3=
~ ME 439

R(x)

-Q ._.L _._._._._._._._.. centerline .._.

I--
x
_. Li,g.
_
for Q. No. 8(d) =v.:

where Ro is the radius of the vessel when the pressure inside the vessel is the same as the

outside pressure, P is the pressure inside the blood vessel at distance x, P a is the p~essure

outside the vessel, and a is the property of the vessel wall.

2 3
Let blood (p. = 3.5 cP and p = 1.05 g/cm3) flow through a blood vessel with a = 5 x 10- cm /N

and Ro = I mm. If Q is 200 ml/min, the average inlet pressure is 70 mm Hg, and the

tissue pressure is 50 mm Hg, determine the tube radius4 rom from the inlet?