Abhi Literature PDF

ABHITAN PST
(Phenolic pretanning syntan)
Chemical Nature : Phenol condensation product
Appearance : Viscous liquid
Active matter : 451%
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1
Soluble : Readily soluble in water
Storage & Stability : It has a shelf life of 12 months if it is stored in its original packing at
temperature less than 40C. Containers should be tightly closed each time
after taking the material for use and their content should be used as soon
as possible after the container is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN PST has been designed for non astringent pretannage of all types of
vegetable tanned leathers. It rapidly penetrates through the thickness of the pelt giving a mild tannage
that will not affect the final properties of the leathers.
When used in pretannage, ABHITAN PST yields a smooth, fine, tight grained leather with light color.
ABHITAN PST has the capacity to prevent/remove iron stains. It also helps to reduce sludge formation in
vegetable tan liquor. In retanning of chrome leathers, it improves the exhaustion of chrome and also in
retanning and fatliquoring baths.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PST is particularly used for vegetable synthetic tannage of various
types of leathers.
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This document is for the purpose of illustration to be used by business associates and customers only. It is imperative
that actual trials be conducted before commercial application.
For support please contact ramesh@abhigroup.in / +91 44 2273 0256 / 2273 2209
For vegetable tanning : After deliming, bating of the pelt (no pickling is necessary) the pH should be
around 4 (% based on pelt weight)
Add 2- 3% of ABHITAN PST 30 min.
Plus 4 - 5% SYNWAT RP 2-3 min.
Set and drum with a minimum float of 10 -12% wattle extract.
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ABHITAN PS
Appearance : Light brown viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1
temperature less than 40C. Containers should be tightly closed each time
after taking the material for use and their content should be used as soon
as possible after the container is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN PS has been designed for non astringent pretannage of all types of
When used in pretannage, ABHITAN PS yields a smooth, fine, tight grained leather with a light color.
ABHITAN PS has the capacity to prevent/remove iron stains. It also helps to reduce sludge formation in
vegetable tan liquor. In retanning of chrome leathers, it improves the exhaustion of chrome and also in
retanning and fatliquoring baths.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PS is particularly used for vegetable synthetic tannage of various
types of leathers.
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1. Pretannage in Drum (upto Deliming as usual)
Pickling
Washing 100% Water

5% Salt 15 min.
Add 0.5% H2SO4 30 min.
Add 100% Water
2% ABHITAN PS 20 min.
5% SYNWAT RP
5% GS powder 60 min
10% Wattle extract 60 min.
0.15% Hydros
0.15% Sodium bisulphate 60 min.
Pile overnight for ageing, rest of the operations is as usual.
2. Treatment of chrome softy upper leathers
(The pelts should be well bated and washed)
100% Water at 25C
5% Common salt 10 min.
Add
0.5% Formic acid(85% diluted 1:5)
30 min.
0.5 -1% ABHITAN PS 30 min.
Rest of the operations is as usual.
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3. Semi chrome leathers from E.I goat and sheep skins.
(Percentages are based on dry shaved wt.)
Dry tannage
2% ABHITAN PS 10 min
2% ABHITAN PAL 10 min
8 -12% Chrome powder
1% CIRRAMINE CSN 120 min
1% Sodium formate
1% Sodium bicarbonate 2 5 + 45
2% POLYEON R40 30 min
Rest of the process is as usual.
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ABHITAN PPS
Appearance : Pale Brown powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1
temperatures of less than 40C. Bags should be tightly closed each time
after taking the material for use. And their content should be used as soon
as possible after the bag is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN PPS has been designed for non astringent pretannage of all types of
When used in pretannage, ABHITAN PPS yields smooth, fine and tight grained leather with a light
color. ABHITAN PPS has the capacity to prevent/remove iron stains. It also helps to reduce sludge
formation in vegetable tan liquor. In retanning of chrome leathers, it improves the exhaustion of chrome
and also in retanning and fatliquoring baths.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PPS is particularly used for vegetable synthetic tannage of various
types of leathers.
1. Pretannage in Drum (upto Deliming as usual)

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Pickling
Washing 100% Water

5% Salt 15 min.
Add 100% Water
2% ABHITAN PPS 20 min.
5% SYNWAT RP
5% GS powder 60 min
0.15% Hydros
2. Treatment of chrome softy upper leathers
100% Water at 25C
Add
0.5% Formic acid (85% diluted 1:5)
30 min.
0.5 -1% ABHITAN PPS 30 min.
3. Semi chrome leathers from E.I goat and sheep skins.
(Percentages are based on dry shaved wt.)

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Dry tannage
2% ABHITAN PPS 10 min
2% ABHITAN PAL 10 min
8 -12% Chrome powder
1% CIRRAMINE CSN 120 min
1% Sodium formate
1% Sodium bicarbonate 2 5 + 45
2% POLYEON R40 30 min
Rest of the process is as usual.
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ABHITAN POS
(Synthetic replacement tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Phenol naphthalene condensation product
Appearance : Beige color fine powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.5
Soluble : Readily soluble in cold and warm water
Characteristics: ABHITAN POS is Beige color fine powder, easily soluble in water. It is anionic charge
and stable in acids. It is compatible with other vegetable and all other synthetic tanning agents. It gives
excellent filling and buffering effect, and it has uniform dispersing property.
Application Examples: ABHITAN POS is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of
Full Chrome and retanned upper leathers

Aniline and pastel colored leathers
Semi Chrome and full chrome Suede crusting
Clothing Nappa
Sheep Wet blue to Crusting
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1. Retannage of upper leathers
Water 100%
POLYEON RE 3%
ABHITAN PMF 4%
ABHITAN POS 4%
ABHITAN FFS 4%
GS powder 4% 45 min.
Rest of the operations are to be followed as usual.
2. Clothing Nappa
Water 100%
ABHITAN POS 4%
(After prefatliquoring) 30 min.
3. Retannage of aniline leathers

Water 100%
ABHITAN POS 3-5%
ABHITAN PMF 2-3%
Vegetable extract 2-3% 60 min.
4. Semi Chrome or Full Chrome suede crust

Water 100%
ABHITAN PR 3%
ABHITAN DZ9 3%
ABHITAN POS 5%
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ABHITAN PRS
Appearance : Light yellow colored powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN PRS is a spray dried powder. It imparts high degree of fullness and in
addition it improves the tightness of the grain. It possesses good dispersing properties where a high
degree of filling is required. It is recommended to use in conjunction with resin and vegetable tannins.
It is also recommended as a replacement syntan in the production of vegetable tanned leather. It can
safely replace upto 25% of the vegetable tannin normally offered and this will lead to a better and quicker
penetration of the vegetable tannins with improved grain smoothness and strength.
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Application Examples: ABHITAN PRS is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of

Clothing Nappa
Sheep Wet blue to crusting
Water 100%
POLYEON RE 3%
ABHITAN PMF 4%
ABHITAN PRS 4%
ABHITAN FFS 4%
Rest of the operations are to be followed as usual.
2. Clothing Nappa
Water 100%
ABHITAN PRS 4%
(After prefatliquoring) 30 min.
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Water 100%
ABHITAN PRS 3-5%
ABHITAN PMF 2-3%
Water 100%
ABHITAN PR 3%
ABHITAN PRS 5%
ABHITAN DZ9 3% 60 min.
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ABHITAN RS
Appearance : Dark brown color viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-4.0
temperatures of less than 40C. Containers should be tightly closed each
time after taking the material for use. And their content should be used as
soon as possible after the container is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN RS has been designed for the retannage of chrome or vegetable tanned
leather. It has good tanning and filling properties. It produces leathers that have a fine, tight grain with a
smooth feel and soft round handle.
The good dispersing effect of ABHITAN RS results in deeper and more uniform penetration of the
other retanning agents. It prevents sludge formation in tan liquors and aids in producing brighter, lighter
and cleaner leather.
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Application Examples: ABHITAN RS is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of
Softy upper leathers

Aniline and pastel colored leathers from Sheep and Goat
Corrected grain leathers
Semi chrome crust leather for clothing and nappa
Lining leathers
Clothing nappa from wet blue cow
Upholstery leathers
Harness and bag leathers
1. Full grain or Corrected grain upper leather

100% Water
0.5% Formic acid 15 min.
4.0% BCS
2.0% ABHITAN PCS 45 min.
3.0% ABHITAN RS 30 min.
In main retanning,
100% Water
2.0% POLYEON RE 15 min.
4.0% ABHITAN PMF
4.0% ABHITAN RS
4.0% GS Powder 45 min.
2. Lining leathers for Goat, Cow, Buff & Sheep skins

200% Water
2.0% ABHITAN MFS
2.0% ABHITAN FFS
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3. Clothing Nappa from wet blue cow
100% Water
4. Belt leathers
100% Water
10% ABHITAN RS
10% ABHITAN RP 60 min.
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ABHITAN PRW
(White retanning syntan)
Appearance : Off white fine powder
Active matter : 96%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN PRW is a fine, off white, readily soluble powder. It is compatible with all
synthetic and vegetable tanning agents and also not reactive to salts. ABHITAN PRW produces white,
light fast, full and tight grained leathers.
It also gives mild handling effect. For white shoe upper, chrome leathers retanned with ABHITAN
PRW are white, full and have good light fastness. It produces smooth and elastic grains, so that it can be
easily snuffed for Nubuck and Corrected grain leathers.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PRW is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of
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Clothing Nappa
Nubuck leathers
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ABHITAN RW
(Synthetic replacement whitening syntan)
Appearance : Light color viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.2-3.4
Storage & Stability : ABHITAN RW has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly
sealed original packaging at temperature of less than 40C. It should be
tightly resealed every time after the material is taken out and the content
should be used as soon as possible after it has been opened.
Characteristics: This product is a replacement tanning agent with very good whitening effect. ABHITAN
RW can be used alone or in combination with other synthetic and vegetable tanning agents.
On chrome tanned leathers when ABHITAN RW is used alone in the retanning, produces excellent
tight and white leather. For pastel shade leathers, it can be used along with other retanning syntans.
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Application Examples: ABHITAN RW is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of
Softy upper leathers
Aniline and pastel colored leathers from Sheep and Goat
Corrected grain leathers
Semi chrome crust leather for clothing and nappa
Lining leathers
Clothing Nappa from wet blue cow
Upholstery leathers
Harness and bag leathers

100% Water
4.0% ABHITAN PMF
4.0% ABHITAN RW
4.0% GS Powder 45 min.
200% Water
2.0% ABHITAN MFS
4.0% ABHITAN RW 45 min.
3. Belt leathers
100% Water
10% ABHITAN RW
10% SYNWAT RP 60 min.
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4. Terracotta leathers
100% Water
3.0% ABHITAN RS
3.0% ABHITAN RW
4.0% GS powder 60 min
5.0% POLYEOL VR2 10 min
1.0% Formic acid 45 min
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ABHITAN SRW
(Synthetic white retanning syntan)
Chemical Nature : Phenol sulfonized based product (White retanning syntan for chrome
leather with heat resistance)
Appearance : Off white fine powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.2
Characteristics: It is compatible with all synthetic and vegetable tanning agents and also not reactive to
salts. ABHITAN SRW produces white, lightfast, full and tight grained leathers. It also gives mild handling
effect with excellent heat resistance character.
Application Examples: For white shoe upper, chrome leathers retanned with ABHITAN SRW are
white, full and have good light fastness. It produces smooth and elastic grains, so that it can be easily
snuffed for Nubuck and corrected grain leathers and also gives good tightness to the upper leather.
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Neutralization :
200% Water
1 - 2% ABHITAN NST 60 min.
Check pH drain.
Re-tanning :
100% Water
10 - 15% ABHITAN SRW 90 min.
3.5% POLYEOL GX 30 min.
1 - 2% ABHITAN SRW 20 min.
(If more whiteness is required 0.5 - 1% of titanium dioxide can be employed before fixing)
Drain, wash pile O/N. Next day Sam, set and hook to dry, for vegetable tanned leathers and Terracotta
leathers.
Retanning of vegetable tanned leathers with ABHITAN SRW gives pastel shade leathers.
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ABHITAN SR
(Synthetic organic tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Synthetic Phenol urea condensate syntan
Appearance : Pale brown color fine powder
Active matter : 95%
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.5-7.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN SR is a water soluble powder. Its solution has a natural reaction and is
anionic. It is therefore compatible with all conventional auxiliaries, tanning agents, fatliquors and dyes
carrying the same charge. Metastable solutions are formed with mineral tanning agents, the stability
depending on the pH and the concentration.
ABHITAN SR is primarily used for retanning suede and Nubuck leathers of all types because it gives
exceptionally uniform and fine nap.
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ABHITAN SR is also used for retanning full grain leather. In this application, its mild neutralizing effect
is particularly beneficial, because the vegetable tannins that are incorporated penetrate more deeply and
exert a stronger filling effect. Hence they load the grain less then usual and thus give fine pores.
In the production of furniture and clothing leather, ABHITAN SR promotes the penetration of the dyes
and the levelness of the resulting shades particularly in the area of growth mark. The light fastness of
leathers after with ABHITAN SR is good.
Application Examples: ABHITAN SR is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of
Full chrome and semi chrome suede crust

Nubuck leathers
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ABHITAN PMF
(Resin tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Resin tanning agent based on melamine
Appearance : Off white beige color powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN PMF is off white beige color powder which readily dissolves in water. In
water, it dissolves to give a slightly turbid solution with a weakly alkaline reaction. It is stable above 3 pH.
ABHITAN PMF is anionic and is therefore compatible with other anionic tanning agents, auxiliaries. Along
with cationic products, it has to be checked prior for compatibility.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PMF improves the fullness of chrome leather and tightening the
grain at the same time retaining the chrome leather characteristics.
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1. Retannage of full grain leathers
Raw material: Cow Wet blue (Percentages are based on shaved weight)
Neutralization as required
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN PMF
4% ABHITAN FFS
4% Wattle GS powder 45 min. D/W
Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL ASF 60 min.
2-3% POLYEON CBX
Fixing
1% Formic acid 45 min.
D/Wash.
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2. Retannage of corrected grain side leathers
Raw material: Cow Wet blue
(Percentages are based on shaved weight)
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN PMF
4% ABHITAN PRS
Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEON CBX 15 min
2% ABHITAN SR 30 min
Fixing
D/Wash.
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3. Clothing Nappa
(A) Raw material Wet blue Cow (0.6-0.8 mm)
Neutralisation
100% Water (40C)
2% ABHITAN NST
1% Sodium formate 15 min.
2% Ammonium Bicarbonate 60 min.
pH should be 5.5 - 6.0. D/W
Retanning
100% Water
4% ABHITAN PMF
4% ABHITAN POS 30 min.
(B) Raw material Wet blue Sheep/Goat
2% ABHITAN PMF
After fatliquoring, gives fullness, good body as well as smooth surface feel to the leather.
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ABHITAN DZ9
Chemical Nature : Anionic resin tanning agent
Appearance : Off white beige color fine powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 9.0-9.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN DZ9, is an off-white beige color powder syntan, easily soluble in water, very
much compatible with vegetable and other synthetic tanning agents. It will precipitate under acid
condition. Stability is infinite. If exposed on air some crack may occur. It has very good filling character
with inner tightening effect.
ABHITAN DZ9 gives very good body without loose. Because of its inner tightening effect, grain
coarseness and grain cracking effects are avoided, which ultimately gives very good grain smoothness.
Application Examples: ABHITAN DZ9 improves the fullness of chrome leather and tightening the grain
at the same time retaining the chrome leather characteristics. It is suitable for goat articles.
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3% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN DZ9
4% ABHITAN POS
Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
Fixing
1% Formic acid 45 min. D/Wash.
2. Retannage of corrected grain leathers
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN DZ9
4% ABHITAN PRS
4% Wattle GS powder 45 min.
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Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
Fixing
D/Wash.
3. Clothing Nappa
Raw material Wet blue Cow (0.6-0.8 mm)
2% Ammonium Bicarbonate 3 10 + 30 min.
pH should be 5.5 - 6.0. D/W
Retanning
100% Water
4% ABHITAN DZ9
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ABHITAN PHT
Chemical Nature : Resin tanning agent based on DCDA melamine condensation product
Active matter : 98.5 2%
pH (1:10 solution) : 8.2-8.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN PHT is Beige color fine powder syntan, easily soluble in water. It is stable
above pH 3. It is very much compatible with vegetable and other synthetic tanning agent.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PHT imparts selective filling in the belly region of chrome leather and
tightens the grain. 1.Retannage of full grain leathers
Retanning
100% Water
3% POLYEON RE
3% ABHITAN PHT
2% ABHITAN PMF
4% ABHITAN PRS
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Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEON CBX 20 min.
Fixing
D/Wash.
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN PHT
4% ABHITAN PRS
Fatliquoring
4% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
Page 34
Fixing
D/Wash.
3. Sheep Nappa crusting
Retanning
100% Water
2% POLYEON RE 20 min.
2% ABHITAN PHT
3% ABHITAN PRS
Then fatliquoring, fixing can be done as usual.
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ABHITAN PAS
(Amphoteric retanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Amphoteric mixture of aromatic condensation product
Appearance : Light yellow fine powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.3
Characteristics: ABHITAN PAS, a powder tanning agent, compatible with anionic dyes, synthetic
tanning agents and with auxiliaries. When used, it will produce soft handled full leathers. Also it imparts
level dyeing without bleaching the leather. ABHITAN PAS imparts medium fullness and good softness to
the leather.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PAS is used for retanning upholstery furniture, shoe upper leathers.
Most washed neutralized leathers are retanned with ABHITAN PAS. It can be used alone or along with
synthetic retanning agents. It is especially suitable for natural milled article, because it exhibits young
milled grain pattern.
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1. Cow upper leather (1.6 mm)
Neutralisation
100% Water (40C)
2% ABHITAN NST 60 min.
pH of float should be 5.0. Check cross section with bromocresol green indicator for blue color.
Wash 300% Water (40C) 10 min. D/W
Retanning
100% Water (40C)

3% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN PAS
4% ABHITAN MFS
4% ABHITAN FFS
Dyeing
100% Water (at 40C)

xx Dye 30 min.
Fatliquoring
3% POLYEOL GX
3% POLYEOL HLN
3% POLYEOL NF2 60 min.
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Fixing
xx Formic acid (30%; 1:20) 40 min.

0.5% CIRRAMINE CSN 30 min.
Drum 20 min. Rinse, Sam, Setting out, Vacuum, Hung to dry moisture, Staking.
2. Upholstery leather (1.2 mm)
After neutralizing to pH = 6.0, Wash.
Retanning
100% Water (at 40C)
3% ABHITAN PAS
3% ABHITAN PMF 60 min.
Check exhaustion. Then continue with dyeing and fatliquoring.
3. Garment Nappa
(After prefatliquoring)
100% Water
4% ABHITAN PAS 30 min.
4. Natural milled Nappa (After prefatliquoring)

100% Water
4% ABHITAN PAS
4% POLYEON SMR 45 min.
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5. Aniline leather
100% Water (40C)
4% ABHITAN PRS
4% ABHITAN PAS
4% ABHITAN PMF
4% Vegetable extracts 60 min.
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ABHITAN PR
(Protein syntan)
Chemical Nature : Anionic phenol protein condensation product
Appearance : Beige color powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.2
Characteristics: ABHITAN PR is a powder tanning agent, compatible with other synthetic tanning
agents and auxiliaries. When used it will produce a soft, mellow feel leathers mainly used for making soft
leathers like Nappa, Upholstery leathers.
ABHITAN PR is anionic and is therefore compatible with other anionic tanning agents, auxiliaries.
Along with cationic products, it has to be checked prior for compatibility.
Application Examples:
For Sheep nappa,

After neutralizing to pH = 6.0, the leathers are washed thoroughly.
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Retanning :
150% Water
4% ABHITAN PR .
3% ABHITAN PMF 60 min
Check exhaustion, Drain/Wash. Then Dyeing and fat liquoring is continued.
For Suedes,
After neutralizing to pH = 5.5, the leathers are washed thoroughly.
Retanning :
150% Water
4% ABHITAN PR
3% ABHITAN DZ9
5% ABHITAN PRS 60 min.
Then fat liquoring is continued.
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POLYFILL PF
(Protein filler)
Chemical Nature : Protein condensation product
Appearance : Fine white powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.0-6.5
Characteristics: POLYFILL PF allows a remarkable increase in the fullness of the skin especially in the
empty parts of the skin such as belly, flanks etc. POLYFILL PF acts in a selective way by giving the
fullness and firm grain. Remarkable benefits have been noticed when POLYFILL PF is used along with
the skins of Corrected grain and split, thereby improving considerably the buffing properties. POLYFILL
PF can be used on both white and pastel shade leather due to its good light fastness and because it does
not affect the colors shade.
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POLYFILL PF is mainly used for making soft leathers like Nappa, Upholstery. It also gives excellent
filling effects in the upper articles.
Application Examples: For Sheep nappa, after neutralizing to pH = 6.0, the leathers are washed
thoroughly.
Retanning
Water 150%
ABHITAN PMF 4%
ABHITAN DZ9 3%
ABHITAN POS 2% 60 min.
POLYFILL PF 2% 30 min
For Upper, after neutralizing, retanning and dyeing, check penetration. Then apply POLYFILL PF 4% and
run for 15 minutes. Then fat liquoring is continued.
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SYNWAT RP
(Combination of vegetable extracts)
Chemical Nature : Protein condensation product
Appearance : Thick brown paste
Active matter : 60%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.8-4.0
Characteristics: SYNWAT RP is a modified vegetable tanning extract. When used in combination with
wattle extract prevents sludge formation and helps to have complete exhaustion of the bath. Leathers
treated with SYNWAT RP have pleasing final color with smooth grain.
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In main retanning,
100% Water
4.0% ABHITAN PMF
4.0% ABHITAN RS
4.0% SYNWAT RP 45 min.
200% Water
2.0% ABHITAN PHT
2.0% ABHITAN RS
2.0% SYNWAT RP 45 min.
3. Belt leathers
100% Water
10% ABHITAN RS
Leave overnight. Next day continue with fatliquoring.
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ABHITAN VG
(Special Vegetable tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Combination of natural extracts
Appearance : Light brown colour powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.3
Characteristics: Tannage with ABHITAN VG gives tight leather enriched with unmatched resistance to
light. The most important characteristic feature of ABHITAN VG is the content of a high proportion of
natural derived products based on complex glycocids. These organic compounds rich in OH hydroxyl
sites have the properties of fixing on collagen fibres without inducing dehydration which commonly
happens in vegetable tannins.
ABHITAN VG has another good property for glazing and it gives a natural smell to the leather. The
natural acidity of ABHITAN VG allows a good fixation of tannins. It also has great filling and softening
properties which is suitable for further processing of leather, which would have become too flat and firm
after the tannage. It can be used in garment leather, chrome tanned such as lambs, sheep, kids etc., to
improve the touch and fullness. In combination of other tannins, it imparts strong burnishability and
glazability to chrome leather.
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In the Retannage of :
Chrome leather and skins

Burnish and glazed articles
Cow hides for upper leather
Goats and kids for upper leather
Skins for pale colours
EI tanned leather
Sole leathers
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ABHITAN FFS
(Formaldehyde free replacement tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Aromatic compound
Active matter : 98%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN FFS can be used as a replacement tanning agent in all stages of retanning
for the production of light, medium and heavy leathers.
ABHITAN FFS can be used either alone or in combination with vegetable retanning agent for chrome
tanned leather and in the production of corrected grains. It imparts very good fullness, overall filling,
smoothness and resilient grain.
ABHITAN FFS used in the rechroming operation along with the chromium salt, helps in producing
fuller leather with very fine grain and also helps in better absorption of chromium.
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Application Examples: ABHITAN FFS is suitable for a wide range of applications in the production of

Clothing Nappa
Water 100%
POLYEON RE 4%
ABHITAN PMF 4%
ABHITAN PRS 4%
ABHITAN FFS 4%
Rest of the operation is to be followed as usual.
2. Clothing Nappa
Water 100%
ABHITAN FFS 4%
(After pre - fatliquoring) 30 min.
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Water 100%
ABHITAN FFS 3-5%
ABHITAN PMF 2-3%
Water 100%
ABHITAN PMF 3%
ABHITAN FFS 5%
ABHITAN PRS 3%
Page 50
ABHITAN MFS
(Formaldehyde Free Resin tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic Resin tanning agent based on Melamine
Active matter : 98%
pH (1:10 solution) : 8.0-8.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN MFS is a product with a unique property thereby offering a wide choice of
application in retannage of chrome and combination tanned leathers. This product is a resin tanning
agent with very good whitening effect.
ABHITAN MFS is used for the retannage of a wide variety of chrome tanned leathers and it is
particularly valuable for softy upper, softy nappa and suede leathers with formaldehyde free.
ABHITAN MFS gives very good body without loose. It gives full and good light fastness Because of
its inner tightening effect, grain coarseness and grain cracking effects are avoided, which ultimately gives
very good grain smoothness.
Page 51
Application Examples: ABHITAN MFS imparts selective filling in the belly region of chrome leather and
tightens the grain.
Retanning
100% Water
5% ABHITAN MFS
4% ABHITAN FFS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL PLN 60 min.
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 52
Retanning
100% Water
4% ABHITAN MFS
4% ABHITAN RS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL PLN
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 53
Retanning
100% Water
2% ABHITAN MFS
3% ABHITAN FFS
Then fatliquoring, fixing can be done as usual
Page 54
ABHITAN FDC
(Formaldehyde Free Resin tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic Resin tanning agent based on DCDA condensation product
Appearance : White color fine powder
Active matter : 98%
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.0-6.5
Characteristics: ABHITAN FDC is a light fast retanning agent which gives fuller leather, particularly in
the loosely structured areas, imparting a fine closed grain and a soft handle. The usage of ABHITAN
FDC results in a leather with a full feel, tight flexible grain and uniform softness making it as a very
suitable retanning material for the production of full grain leather or Nubuck leathers.
Because of its selective filling and retanning action, it promotes uniform buffing properties with a tight
but soft grain. Due to its non astringent nature, there is no drawn grain effect. ABHITAN FDC imparts
good level dyeing properties, good buffability and make the leather respond favorably to finishing.
Page 55
Retanning
100% Water
5% ABHITAN FDC
4% ABHITAN FFS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL PLN 60 min.
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 56
Retanning
100% Water
4% ABHITAN FDC
4% ABHITAN RS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL PLN
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 57
Retanning
100% Water
2% ABHITAN FDC
3% ABHITAN FFS
Page 58
ABHITAN WWS
(Wet white syntan)
Chemical Nature : Silicon with phosphonium base
Appearance : White paste
Active matter : 60-70%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.2
Storage & Stability : ABHITAN WWS has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly

sealed original packing at temperatures of less than 40 C. It should be
Characteristics: ABHITAN WWS is a pretanning agent for all types of leather to produce a chrome
free leather which can be shaved without problems. The special additives in ABHITAN WWS improve
the penetration of the tanning compounds which leads to a better tanning effect through the cut and
therefore, improves the mechanical properties like tear strength and grain elasticity. They also lead to a
conditioning effect to prevent the leather from overdrying. By using ABHITAN WWS the leather character
is determined by the subsequent tannage which can be either a chrome tannage or completely chrome
free with vegetable (or) synthetic tanning agents.shaved or split in this tanning.
ABHITAN WWS are free of hazardous substances and can be deposited without problems or even
recycled as fertilizer for agricultural purposes.
Page 59
ABHITAN WWS makes
Soft, full and smooth grain

Very good light fastness
Have a very good tanning power
ABHITAN WWS can also be used as pretanning agent for making a wet white leather or vegetable
tanning or chrome leather which gives fuller leather with a fine grain and a light uniform colour.
Application Examples :
Wet white leather
50% Pickle Water

Formic acid 30 pH : 3.3
3.0% ABHITAN WWS 20
3.0% ABHITAN RS 20
3.0% ABHITAN PRW 60
4.0% ABHITAN WWS 20
4.0% ABHITAN RS 20
4.0% ABHITAN PRW 5 hours L/O/N
100% Water
1.0% ABHITAN NST 60
2.0% POLYEON GDA 120 D/O/P
Further processing as usual like chrome tanning (or) wet blue.
Page 60
1. Vegetable tanning (upto Deliming as usual)
Pickling
Washing 100% Water

5% Salt 15 min.
Add 100% Water
2% ABHITAN WWS 20 min.
5% SYNWAT RP
5% GS powder 60 min
2. Chrome tanning
100% Water at 25C

Add
0.5% Formic acid (85% diluted 1:5)
30 min.
0.5 -1% ABHITAN WWS 30 min.
To be used in the usual percentages for any type of skins and hides.
For further information on this matter, please contact our technical staff.
Page 61
ABHITAN AM7
(Formaldehyde Free polymeric syntan)
Chemical Nature : Dicarboxylic acid and Sulphonic acid, compounds.
Appearance : Light Beige color fine powder
Active matter : 98%
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.8 -7.2
temperatures of less than 40C. Bags should be tightly closed each
time after taking the material for use. And their content should be
used as soon as possible after the bag is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN AM7 is a product with a unique property thereby offering a wide
choice of application in retannage of chrome and combination tanned leathers.
ABHITAN AM7 is used for the retannage of a wide variety of chrome tanned leathers and it
is particularly valuable for softy upper, softy nappa and suede leathers with formaldehyde free.
ABHITAN AM7 gives very good body without loose. It gives full and good light fastness.
Because of its inner tightening effect, grain coarseness and grain cracking effects are avoided,
which ultimately gives very good grain smoothness.
Page 62
Application Examples: ABHITAN AM7 imparts selective filling in the belly region of chrome
leather and tightens the grain.
Retanning
100% Water
5% ABHITAN AM7
4% ABHITAN FFS
4% GS powder .
4% WATTLE 45 min
Page 63
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL SL104
2% POLYEOL WK
2% POLYEOL SVII 60 min.
Fixing
D/Wash.
2.Semi Chrome or Full Chrome suede crust
ABHITAN PR 4%
ABHITAN AM7 8%
ABHITAN DZ9 4% 60 min.
Page 64
ABHITAN SRF
(Formaldehyde Free tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Condensation product of aliphatic and cyclic amides with aldehydes
Appearance : Dark Beige color fine powder
Active matter : 98.5%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.5-8.0
Characteristics: ABHITAN SRF is a light fast retanning agent which gives fuller leather, particularly in
the loosely structured areas, imparting a fine closed grain and a soft handle. The usage of ABHITAN SRF
results in a leather with a full feel, tight flexible grain and uniform softness making it as a very suitable
retanning material for the production of full grain leather or Nubuck leathers.
Because of its selective filling and retanning action, it promotes uniform buffing properties with a tight
but soft grain. Due to its non astringent nature, there is no drawn grain effect. ABHITAN SRF imparts
good level dyeing properties, good buffability and make the leather respond favorably to finishing.
Page 65
Retanning
100% Water
5% ABHITAN SRF
4% ABHITAN AM7
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL GX
2% POLYEOL SL100 60 min.
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 66
Retanning
100% Water
6% ABHITAN SRF
4% ABHITAN AM7
4% Wattle/GS powder 45 min.
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL SL100
2% POLYEOL SL104 .
Fixing
D/Wash.
Page 67
Retanning
100% Water
2% ABHITAN SRF
3% ABHITAN AM7
Page 68
POLYEON RE
(Synthetic resin retanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Synthetic resin tanning agent based on acrylic polymers
Appearance : Straw colored viscous liquid
Active matter : 40%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0
Characteristics: POLYEON RE is light viscous syntan which can be easily diluted with hot water. It
combines readily with all synthetic tanning agents and other anionic products. Below pH 3.8 this product
may tend to precipitate. It will not be miscible with cationic products. Leathers retanned with POLYEON
RE give smooth grain and good tightness to the leather. It also gives good whiteness to the leather, when
used along with ABHITAN PRW and also it can be used in retanning when pastel shades are required.
Page 69
1. Goat upper leather
After neutralization
Water 50%
POLYEON RE 2-2.5% 30 min.
ABHITAN MFS 2%
ABHITAN FFS 3%
ABHITAN POS 3%
GS powder 4%
Dye xx 60 min.
Fatliquoring and fixing are followed as usual.
2. Upper leathers
Water 50%
POLYEON RE 3-4% 30 min.
Further retanning, fatliquoring, fixing are continued as usual.
3. Garment leathers
Water 50%
POLYEOL ASF 2% 15 min.
POLYEON RE 1.5-2% 30 min.
Page 70
POLYEON R40
(Polycarboxylic resin syntan)
Chemical Nature : Polycarboxylic resin syntan
Appearance : Semi transparent free flowing viscous liquid
Active matter : 40%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-4.0
Characteristics: POLYEON R40 gives an excellent whiteness with outstanding light fastness. It
improves the fullness of the leather. It imparts excellent buffing characteristics for suedes and corrected
grain uppers. Retannage with POLYEON R40 responds well to impregnation and finishing. Leathers
retanned with POLYEON R40 do not interfere in glazing. It is compatible with other tanning or retanning
agents.
For building up fullness, POLYEON R40 is recommended for use in rechroming. Pretannage of
pickled pelt with POLYEON R40 followed by chrome tanning results in good white leather.
Page 71
Application Examples: POLYEON R40 is a retanning agent for all types of leathers.
1. White leathers
Washing
100% Water
0.5% Acetic acid 5 min.
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON R40 40 min.
Drain and rinse. Neutralization as usual.
2. Retannage of Upper leather

100% Water
4% POLYEON R40 10 min.
4% ABHITAN POS
3% GS powder 40 min.
After fatliquoring,
3. Use in Rechroming
100% Water
2 - 3% POLYEON R40 30 min.
4% ABHITAN PCS 60 min.
(OR)
100% Water
2-4% POLYEON R40 60 min.
Proceed for next operation.
Page 72
4. It can be used after basification.
100% Water

1% Sodium Bicarbonate 3x15 min + 45 min.
1% POLYEON R40
Leave overnight. Proceed normal process further.
Page 73
POLYEON CBX
(Soft polymer tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Acrylic copolymer incorporating special character modifying ingredients
Appearance : Viscous, colourless to yellowish liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 7
Soluble : Readily soluble in water in any ratio giving clear solution
Characteristics: POLYEON CBX substantially enhances fullness, softness, feel, grain pattern & touch
of all types of leather. It is specially suited for upholstery and garments required a soft, filled-in feel.
When used in pretanning, it provides a significant enhancement in chrome exhaustion of the float by
causing an increase in the number of reactive groups. POLYEON CBX also exhibits excellent
compatibility with syntans, vegtans when used in retanning, displays outstanding lightfastness and shows
no reduction in dye intensity compared to conventional acrylics.
Application Examples: POLYEON CBX is perfectly compatible with synthetic/ vegetable tanning agents.
It is used for retanning chrome leather for improving fullness and grain tightness along with smoothness.
It is an excellent product for upper leather goods, sheep cabretta and higher substance articles.
Page 74
Chrome Tanning
100% Water
5% BCS
4% ABHITAN PCS
2% POLYEON CBX
1% Sodium formate
1% Sodium bicarbonate 120 min.
pH of float should be 4.0% Check cross section with bromocresol green indicator for blue color.
After Rechroming,
Neutralization
Page 75
Retanning
100% Water (40C)
4% ABHITAN MFS
4% ABHITAN FFS
Dyeing

100% Water (at 40 C)
xx Dye 30 min.
Fat liquoring
3% POLYEOL GX
3% POLYEOL HLN
3% POLYEOL NF2
Fixing
2. Cow Upholstery leather (1.2 mm)
Page 76
Retanning
100% Water (at 40C)
3% POLYEON CBX
3% ABHITAN FFS 60 min.
3. Garment Sheep Nappa (After neutralisation)
100% Water
3% ABHITAN MFS
3% ABHITAN FFS
Page 77
POLYEON AC35
(Synthetic resin retanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Synthetic resin tanning agent based on acrylic polymers
Appearance : Straw colored viscous liquid
Active matter : 35%
Characteristics: POLYEON AC35 is light viscous syntan which can be easily diluted with hot water. It
combines readily with all synthetic tanning agents and other anionic products. Below pH 3.8 this product
may tend to precipitate. It will not be miscible with cationic products. Leathers retanned with POLYEON
AC35 give smooth grain and good tightness to the leather. It also gives good whiteness to the leather,
when used along with ABHITAN PRW and also it can be used in retanning when pastel shades are
required.
Page 78
Water 50%
POLYEON AC35 2-2.5% 30 min.
ABHITAN MFS 2%
ABHITAN FFS 3%
ABHITAN POS 3%
GS powder 4%
Dye xx 60 min.
Fatliquoring and fixing are followed as usual.
2. Upper leathers
Water 50%
POLYEON AC35 3-4% 30 min.
Page 79
3. Garment leathers
Water 50%
POLYEOL ASF 2% 15 min.
POLYEON AC35 1.5-2% 30 min.
Page 80
POLYEON SMR
(Styrenemaleic based resin)
Chemical Nature : Styrenemaleic based resin replacement tanning agent
Appearance : Clear white free flowing liquid
Active matter : 40%
pH (1:10 solution) : 8.0-8.5
Characteristics: POLYEON SMR fills up open structured loose portions and produce lightweight soft
leathers. Because of its dual functions of softening and filling it is highly recommended for upholstery,
garment and dry milled leathers. It also produces fine milling effect for natural dry milled leathers.
Application Examples: POLYEON SMR is used for retanning upholstery furniture, shoe upper leathers.
Most washed neutralised leathers are retanned with POLYEON SMR. It can be used alone or along with
synthetic retanning agents. It is especially suitable for natural milled article, because it exhibits young
milled grain pattern.
Page 81
Neutralisation
100% Water (40C)

Retanning
100% Water (40C)

4% ABHITAN PHT
4% ABHITAN RS
Dyeing

100% Water (at 40 C)
xx Dye 30 min.
Fatliquoring
3% POLYEOL GX
3% POLYEOL HLN
3% POLYEOL NF2
Page 82
Fixing
2. Upholstery leather (1.2 mm)
Retanning
100% Water (at 40C)

3% POLYEON SMR
3% ABHITAN PMF 60 min.
3. Garment Nappa (After prefatliquoring)
100% Water
4. Natural milled Nappa (After prefatliquoring)

100% Water
4% ABHITAN PAS
Page 83
POLYEON CSR
(Synthetic resin tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic synthetic resin tanning agent.
Appearance : Semi transparent viscous liquid
Characteristics: POLYEON CSR gives excellent fullness. It also produces lightfast leathers so that it
can be used for white and pastel shade leathers.
Application Examples: POLYEON CSR should be employed after pretreatment with phenolic syntans.
Temperature around 30C is maintained for good penetration. High temperature will give bleaching effect.
Because of its compatibility with other syntans, POLYEON CSR can be used as a combination retanning
syntan. POLYEON CSR should be treated after chroming.
Page 84
There is no drawn grain effect to the crust, if it is used 2-3% before basifying. POLYEON CSR imparts
good buffability and makes the leather respond favorably to finishing.
It can be used in rechroming of upper.
100% Water
4% ABHITAN PCS
2-4% POLYEON CSR
Page 85
POLYEON AF
Chemical Nature : Acrylic copolymer resin tanning agent
Appearance : Clear White pourable solution
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.5-4.0
Characteristics: POLYEON AF is a readily pourable white clear solution is selectively fixed by the skin
means the product imparts improved fullness especially to the loosely structured parts (flanks, belly and
shoulder) This applies also the loose papillary layers, so that here a tightening of the grain and a very fine
grain pattern are achieved in addition, the light fastness of the leather is improved. It gives very good
results after fixing.
Application Examples: POLYEON AF is a retanning agent for all types of leathers.

1. White leathers
Washing
100% Water
Page 86
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON AF 40 min.
100% Water
4% ABHITAN POS
3% GS powder 40 min.
After fatliquoring,
D/Wash.
Page 87
POLYEON ACF
(Acrylic resin tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Acrylic copolymer resins
Appearance : Transparent pale color viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.6-3.0
Characteristics: POLYEON ACF is a transparent pale colored high viscous liquid. It reacts very much
along with all other synthetic and vegetable tanning agents.
POLYEON ACF is a very good tightening syntan that gives excellent body and round feel to the
leather. Even though it is anionic in charge, it is suitable at the chrome stage and also it gives very good
results at fatliquoring stage before fixing.
Application Examples: POLYEON ACF is an excellent syntan for Upper, leather goods, Sheep
Cabretta, Nubuck and Sheep Nappa. POLYEON ACF is suitable for making higher substance articles
without looseness.
Page 88
For Upper 3.0% at chrome stage and 2.0 to 3.0% at fatliquoring stage can be applied.
Suggested areas of applications are,
1. White leathers
Washing
100% Water
Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON ACF 40 min.
100% Water
4% ABHITAN POS
3% GS powder
After fatliquoring,
D/Wash
Page 89
3. Use in Rechroming
100% Water
2-3% POLYEON ACF 30 min.
(OR)
100% Water
2-3% POLYEON ACF 60 min.
4. It can be used after basification.
100% Water
1% Sodium Bicarbonate 3 x15 min + 45 min.
3% POLYEON ACF
Leave overnight. Proceed normal process further.
Page 90
POLYEON AM
(Eco friendly pretanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Based on amins derivatives
Appearance : Brownish liquid
Active matter : 90 2%
pH (1:10 solution) : 5.0 5.5
temperatures of less than 40C. Containers should be tightly closed
each time after taking the material for use. And their content should
be used as soon as possible after the container is opened.
Characteristics : POLYEON AM is a retanning agent, mainly used for fullness and softness. It also
gives even dyeability without affecting the shade. POLYEON AM has special properties of evenly
distributing the filling type of vegetable tanning and synthetic tanning, because of its mellowing effect on
the grain layer and sensitive grain corium interface.
Page 91
POLYEON AM is well suited for vegetable and synthetic combination tannage of various types of
leathers, particularly EI leathers. It helps to achieve accelerated penetration of vegetable tanning and
uniform absorption. When used in pretannage, POLYEON AM yields a smooth fine, tight grained leather
with a light colour. It improves the exhaustion of retanning and fatliquoring baths.
POLYEON AM is an eco friendly tailor made pretanning agent duly processed to suit all types of leathers
for achieving fullness and roundness. For building up fullness, POLYEON AM is recommended for use in
rechroming. POLYEON AM is stable to acid, chrome and hard water in permissible limit. This property
facilitates use of POLYEON AM in a wide range of variable pH bath.
Page 92
POLYEON HA50
(Aldehyde tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Based on modified aldehyde
Appearance : Clear liquid
Active matter : 50%
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.5 approx
Characteristics: POLYEON HA50 is a tanning agent with many uses. It has a filling and softening
action on the skin. POLYEON HA50 is stable to all mineral salts, therefore it can be used during chrome
tanning. It gives fullness with greater physical resistance, due to the double tanning action.
POLYEON HA50 reacts with the basic group of the collagen, while the mineral salt reacts with the
Carboxylic group of the collagen completing the tanning. This is manifested in an appreciable
improvement of the handle and durability of the leather.
POLYEON HA50 is compatible with mineral tanning agents, pickle, acids and natural salts in all
proportions. It can be used as pretanning agent in vegetable tanning or in retanning of chrome leather
giving the skins better dye ability.
Page 93
Tanning : 0.5 1.5% on pelt weight together with chrome or during pickle
when the pH is lower than 3.
Pretanning : 0.5 1% on pelt weight for vegetable tanning.
Retanning : 1 4% depending upon final article.
Page 94
POLYEON GDA
Chemical Nature : Resin tanning agent based on modified gluteraldehyde
Appearance : Weakly yellowish liquid
Active matter : 45%
pH (1:10 solution) : 5.2-5.5
Characteristics: POLYEON GDA is a weakly yellowish liquid with typical aldehyde odor. In accordance
with its stability range, the product exerts its optimum tanning effect at a pH between 5.2 - 5.5 only if an
excess amount of POLYEON GDA is applied at a pH - 3.5. In the alkaline range, the product
decomposes gradually and thus loses its aldehyde groups which exert the tanning action.
When it is used as a pretanning agent in chrome tanning, POLYEON GDA reduces the chrome salt
requirement appreciably and in addition, brings about an almost complete exhaustion of the liquor
compared to conventional processing methods. POLYEON GDA is stable against hard water, salts and
electrolytes. It does not impair dyeing.
Application Examples: It is recommended for use in the production of corrected grain upper, dry milled
cow softy split leather and for the upgradation of poor quality leathers.
Page 95
ABHITAN PBL
(Synthetic auxiliary tanning agent for bleaching)
Chemical Nature : Synthetic bleaching tanning agent
Appearance : Grey color powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 1.5-1.8
Storage & Stability : ABHITAN PBL has a shelf life of 12 months if it is stored in its tightly
sealed original packing at temperatures of less than 40C. Bags should be
tightly closed each time after taking the material for use. And the content
Characteristics: ABHITAN PBL is a grey colored powder easily soluble in water. It is bleaching syntan
for vegetable tanning and also chrome retanning to get pale color.
In vegetable tanning, on the pelt weight,
1% ABHITAN PBL in myrobling stage and
0.5% ABHITAN PBL in oiling stage.
For Suede crust, after stripping, on the E.I. weight,
2 - 2.5% ABHITAN PBL run for 20 min.
Page 96
ABHITAN PAL
(Aluminum based tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Aluminum tanning agent
Appearance : Fine white light weight powder
Active matter : 90% (12.5% Al2O3 )
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.8-3.2
temperature less than 40C. Bags should be tightly closed each time after
taking the material for use. And their content should be used as soon as
possible after the bag is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN PAL is a fine white lightweight powder. It is readily soluble in water. It should
be given below 4 pH. In chrome stage particularly at semi - chrome or rechroming, ABHITAN PAL should
be given along with chrome. For pure aluminum tannage leathers or after fixing stage, it can be given
individually.
Application Examples: Mainly to get dye depth, ABHITAN PAL is highly recommended for Suedes and
Nubuck leathers. Particularly for EI Suedes at semi chroming stage, replace chrome with ABHITAN PAL
up to 3 to 4%. For Nubuck leathers 3 to 4% at rechroming stage.
Page 97
1. Semi chrome leathers from E.I goat and sheep skins. (Percentages are based on dry shaved
weight)
Dry tannage
8-12% Chrome powder
3% ABHITAN PCS
3% ABHITAN PAL
1% Sodium formate
1% Sodium bicarbonate
The above chemicals are mixed well as a dry powder and given in one installment for 120 min.

Retanning
100% Water
4% POLYEON RE
4% ABHITAN PHT
4% ABHITAN PRS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CMP
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% ABHITAN PAL
Page 98
Fixing
3. COW/BUFF W/B to Nubuck leathers
Retanning
100% Water
4% ABHITAN PMF
4% ABHITAN FFS
Fatliquoring
2% POLYEOL CMP
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% ABHITAN PAL
2-3% ABHITAN SR
Fixing
1% Formic acid 45 min
D/Wash.
Page 99
ABHITAN PDL
(Dye leveling agent)
Chemical Nature : Sodium salt of naphthalene sulphuric acid
Appearance : White fine powder
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.1

temperatures of less than 40 C. Bags should be tightly closed each time
Characteristics: ABHITAN PDL reduces affinity of anionic dyes (acid, direct) for mineral tanned leather,
thus the dyes penetrate into the leather fibres more slowly resulting in more level, deep penetration and
paler dyeing.
The product forms precipitation with basic dyes. It is therefore suitable for fixing for these dyes on
mineral tanned leathers. ABHITAN PDL does not cause any discoloration with iron salts.
Page 100
1. Dyeing mineral tanned leather with anionic dyes
(Percentage based on wet blue shaved weight)
100% Hot water
0.5-1% ABHITAN PDL
Run 10 min. Plus anionic dye stuffs. For more pastel shades add more of ABHITAN PDL
2. Basic dye topping on chrome leather dyed with anionic dyes.
Leather treated with anionic dye and fatliquors are fixed with formic acid. Add 0.2- 0.5% ABHITAN
PDL and run for 20 min. Then drain. Topping with basic dyes is continued in a fresh bath.
3. Dyeing of vegetable tanned leather with anionic dyes, for producing more level and paler shades
Add 1.5% of ABHITAN PDL to the dye bath in drum dyeing.
Page 101
ABHITAN PCS
(Chrome synthetic tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Basic chromium salts and synthetic tanning agent
Appearance : Greenish powder
Active matter : 90% (12.5% Cr2O3 )
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.5-3.0
Storage & Stability : ABHITAN PCS has a shelf life of 12 months if it is stored in its tightly
Characteristics: ABHITAN PCS is a greenish powder which dissolves readily in water giving clear
solution that is stable in all concentration. Being a combination tanning agent, ABHITAN PCS possesses
variety of properties. Apart from producing tight grain ABHITAN PCS gives soft handle. So, fat content
can be reduced to certain extent in order to avoid grain looseness.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PCS when used alone produces white and tight leather. ABHITAN
PCS effects a rapid penetration and a substantial acceleration of the subsequent vegetable and synthetic
tannage. ABHITAN PCS when used as a retanning agent for E.I. tanned or chrome tanned skins give
extremely soft handle and fills up the leather without loading the grain.
Page 102
For F/Cr Cow Upper leather,
(Percentage based on wet blue shaved weight)
Wetting back
500% Water
Drain /wash.
Retanning
100% Water
5-7% ABHITAN PCS
Run 60 min. Then follow regular basification and neutralization. The final leather will have a smooth, tight
grain with soft handle. For more softness and smoothness use more ABHITAN PCS.
Page 103
ABHITAN PCH
Chemical Nature : Phenolic sulphonic acid condensates complexed with Chrome
Appearance : Greenish powder
Active matter : 90% (16% Chromium Oxide )
pH (1:10 solution) : 2.5-3.0
Storage & Stability : ABHITAN PCH has a shelf life of 12 months if it is stored in its tightly
should be used as soon as possible after the bag is opened.
Characteristics: ABHITAN PCH is a greenish powder which dissolves readily in water. In leathers
pretanned with ABHITAN PCH have a fine grain, more fullness and softer handle.
Application Examples: ABHITAN PCH is ideally suited for the retanning of E.I. tanned leathers and
chrome tanned leathers. It improves softness and fullness and imparts a smooth grain without altering the
character of the chrome tannage. It gives lightfast retannage and is suitable for white and pastel shades.
If used alone, gives very light colored soft leathers with very good tensile strength. It exhausts very well
and almost completely at elevated temperatures and pH.
ABHITAN PCH promotes softness, dyeability and buffability when used to retan suedes. It is very
useful for the fixation of retanning and fatliquor floats with a simultaneous dispersing action for semi
chroming of E.I. tanned leathers.
Page 104
E.I. tanned leathers are stripped and bleached in the usual way, then acidified to pH 3.5 and semi-
chromed as given below:
(Percentages are based on E.I. dry weight)
Semi-chroming
300% Water
5% ABHITAN PCH 30 min.
1% CIRRAMINE CSN 15 min.
12% Basic Chromium Sulphate
1% Formate
Then follow basification and neutralization.
ABHITAN PCH speeds up and equalizes the penetration of chrome, resulting in a very uniform
distribution and in turn improves the softness, then conventional semi-chroming procedures.
The product influences very much mainly in the production of,
Retanning of softy Uppers

Aniline softies
Clothing Nappa and Gloving leathers
Suede, Nubuck and split Suedes
Preliminary tanning for chrome tannage
Vegetable tannage fixation
Page 105
ABHITAN NST
(Neutralizing cum tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Aromatic condensation products buffering complex active compounds.
Appearance : Cream colored powder
Active matter : 97%
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.8-7.1
Characteristics: ABHITAN NST gives good results in the re-tanning and dyeing of mineral tanned
leathers. Besides the tanning properties, ABHITAN NST also contains complex active salts of organic
acids which have a very good neutralizing effect.
Page 106
1. Neutralisation of chrome tanned leather (percentage based on wet blue shaved weight)
After wetting back, rechroming and basification, leathers are piled O/N. Next day, wash thoroughly and
proceed with, 200% water.
2-2.5% ABHITAN NST run for 40 min. Check pH, then continue with re-tanning, dyeing and fat
liquoring.
2. When added in dyeing bath ABHITAN NST improves the penetration of dyes and also gives uniform
color.
Page 107
POLYEON TGK
(Neutralizing cum tanning agent)
Chemical Nature : Mixture of neutralized aromatic sulphonic acid and Dicarboxylic acid
Appearance : Reddish brown liquid
Active matter : 50%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.5-8.0
Storage & Stability : POLYEON TGK has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly
sealed original packing at temperatures of less than 40C. It should be
Characteristics: POLYEON TGK is a highly effective neutralizing cum tanning agent. It is very much
suitable for one bath compact methods. Retanning with POLYEON TGK gives fine, tight grain. It
improves levelness and penetration of dye stuff. POLYEON TGK gives simultaneous neutralizing and
retanning effects and is ideally suited for initiation of retannage.
It has balanced neutralizing, buffering, masking, dispersing and retanning properties. Owing to the
complexity and masking character, POLYEON TGK reduces the astringency of reaction between the
chromed tanned leather and vegetable tanning extracts penetrate deeply without making the grain
coarse.
Thus, POLYEON TGK makes it possible to achieve fine grain even on leather retanned heavily with
vegetable tanning extracts.
Page 108
For neutralization,
1 - 2% POLYEON TGK 45-60 min.
No washing is necessary and the retanning system can be adopted consecutively.
Page 109
NEOSURF DGA
(High efficiency Aqueous Degreasing agent)
Chemical Nature : Mixture of Olifinic alcohol Ethoxylates
Appearance : Colourless clear viscous liquid
Active matter : 85% 2
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.5 - 7
Soluble : NEOSURF DGA can be added undiluted or mixed with warm (or) cold
water to the floats
Storage & Stability : NEOSURF DGA has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly
Characteristics: NEOSURF DGA is suitable for removal of excess fat present in all types of hide and
skins. It is also suitable for degreasing wet blue leather prior to further processing.
NEOSURF DGA is specially formulated to effectively degrease skins containing high levels of natural
fat. Eg., Pickled sheep skins from Australia, New Zealand and English domestic Sheep skins.
NEOSURF DGA helps to minimize backbone patches. It helps to achieve leathers with improved
softness, fluffiness and light weight characteristics suitable for all types of softies including garment
leathers.
Page 110
Advantages:
Free of solvents
Very good degreasing properties even with a high natural fat content
Optimal use from soaking to washing after shaving
Independent from pH range
NEOSURF DGA is used for degreasing of all types of leathers.
In the soaking: Amount
For the cattle hide upto 0.5% on salted weight
For the Sheeps, Goats upto 0.5% on salted weight
In the deliming, batting:
For the cattle hide upto 0.5% on pelt weight
For the Sheeps, Goats upto 1.0% on pelt weight
In the degreasing:
Sheep pickle pelts upto 6% on pickle weight
Goat pickle pelts upto 4% on pickle weight
Page 111
1. Solvent free degreasing with pickling of sheep skins
Water 200%
Salt 8% 30 min Drain/Float
Add NEOSURF DGA 2% 60 min
Add Water at 30C 200% 20 min Drain/Float
Add Water 200% 20 min
Washing
Water 200%
Salt 6% 30 min
2. Degreasing of Wet Blue
NEOSURF DGA 1.2% 30 min
Drain and Wash. Rest of the operation is as usual
Page 112
3. Degreasing of EI tanned leather
Water 400%
NEOSURF DGA 1% 30 min Drain and Wash
4. New Zealand Sheep Wet Blue
Dry float

Add POLYEON DGII 1%
Add NEOSURF DE 0.5% 60 min
Add Water 60C 200% 20 min
Two to three times continue the same process.
Page 113
NEOSURF DE
(Degreasing agent with strong emulsifying and dispersing action)
Chemical Nature : Mixture of alcohol Ethoxylates
Appearance : Colourless clear viscous liquid
Active matter : 98% 2
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.0 8.0
Soluble : NEOSURF DE can be added undiluted or mixed with warm (or) cold water
to the floats
Storage & Stability : NEOSURF DE has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly
Characteristics: NEOSURF DE is a special product designed for deep degreasing and dispersing of
skins that are very greasy particularly New Zealand and English domestic Sheep skins.
NEOSURF DE opens up the fibre structure of hides and thus helps for better penetration of chrome,
fatliquors and other synthetic tanning materials.
The use of solvents in sheep skins degreasing can cause several problems. Most serious of them all
is the roughing of the grain and consequently, the natural defects on finished leather are stressed. But,
this defect does not happen using NEOSURF DE as this product contains special emulsifying and
penetrating agents which preserve the grain and help the solvents to get the grease out from the inside of
the skins.
Page 114
Advantages:
Free of solvents and APEO
Very good dispersing properties even with a high natural fat content
Optimal use from soaking to washing after shaving
Independent from pH range
NEOSURF DE is used for degreasing of all types of leathers.
1. Degreasing with pickling of sheep skins
Water 200%
Salt 8% 30 min
Add POLYEON DGII 1%
Washing
Water 200%
Salt 6% 30 min
Page 115
2. Degreasing of Wet Blue
Add POLYEON DGII 1%
Add Water 60C 200% 20 min
Drain and Wash. Rest of the operation is as usual
3. Degreasing of EI tanned leather

Water 400%
NEOSURF DE 2% 30 min Drain and Wash
Page 116
POLYEON DGII
(Degreasing agent)
Chemical Nature : Blend of ethoxylates and organic solvents
Appearance : Clear transparent liquid
Active matter : 50% approx.
pH (1:10 solution) : Neutral
Storage & Stability : POLYEON DGII has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly
Characteristics: POLYEON DGII disperses the fats in the leather. It creates void spaces inside the
leather. So the absorption of chemicals is high. Back bone impression is also removed during the crusting
of leather.
Application Examples: Chrome leather for suede may contain metallic soap. This can be removed by
drumming with 2% of POLYEON DGII in minimum water. This produces leather with good dye levelness
and also leather with good nap. In bating, 1 - 2% POLYEON DGII is used with Ammonium Chloride
(NH4Cl3) and bate to disperse natural fats present in the skins before pickling and tanning. E.I. tanned
leather may contain some free vegetable oils. To remove this uncombined free oil disperse the fats in the
leather, POLYEON DGII is applied upto 2% along with 1-2% Sodium bicarbonate and 1-2% Sodium
Sulphite with 300% water in the Stripping operation.
Page 117
NEOFIN NIG
(Wetting agent)
Chemical Nature : Non ionic wetting agent
Appearance : Clear transparent liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : Neutral
Storage & Stability : NEOFIN NIG has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly sealed
original packing at temperatures of less than 40C. It should be tightly
resealed every time after the material is taken out and the content should
be used as soon as possible after it has been opened.
Characteristics: NEOFIN NIG reduces the contact angle between the leather and water. Hence the
leather becomes easier to wet. It helps to regain moisture content in dried wet blue. It is also used for
the fatliquor dispersion.
For wetting of wet salted hides/skins,

NEOFIN NIG 0.3 - 0.5%
For wetting back of wet blue in post tanning,

Water 250%
NEOFIN NIG 1-2%
Page 118
POLYEON PRE
(Alkaline range preservative)
Chemical Nature : Non phenolic compound
Appearance : Transparent brown color liquid
Active matter : 60% approx
Storage & Stability : POLYEON PRE has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly

Characteristics: POLYEON PRE is a powerful bactericide and fungicide, strong against bacteria and
mould growth. It can be used in all stages of leather processing from soaking to finishing.
POLYEON PRE is strong against microbes causing red spots. It is non toxic and harmless to human
beings.
POLYEON PRE is completely bio-degradable and has no adverse effect on ETP. It is easy to handle
and is non-foaming.
Page 119
Processing stage POLYEON PRE % Weight based on
Soaking 0.1 0.2 Salted weight
Pickling (use before adding acid) 0.1 0.3 Pelt weight
Myrobing and oiling 0.1 0.3 Pelt weight
Chrome tanning 0.2 0.3 Pelt weight
Dyeing and 0.2 0.5 Shaved weight
fat liquoring
Finishing 0.2 0.5 g/l of the

finishing season
To get good results the bath treated with PRE should not be washed.
Page 120
POLYCIDE NRP
(Preservative)
Chemical Nature : TCMTB compound
Appearance : Transparent brown color liquid
Active matter : 60% approx
TCMTB Content : 30% approx
Storage & Stability : POLYCIDE NRP has a shelf life of three years if it is stored in its tightly

Characteristics: POLYCIDE NRP is a powerful bactericide and fungicide, strong against bacteria and
mould growth. It can be used in all stages of leather processing from soaking to finishing.
POLYCIDE NRP is strong against microbes causing red spots. It is non toxic and harmless to human
beings.
POLYCIDE NRP is completely bio-degradable and has no adverse effect on ETP. It is easy to handle
and is non-foaming.
Page 121
Processing stage POLYCIDE NRP % Weight based on
Soaking 0.1 0.2 Salted weight
Pickling (use before adding acid) 0.1 0.3 Pelt weight
Myrobing and oiling 0.1 0.3 Pelt weight
Chrome tanning 0.2 0.3 Pelt weight
Dyeing and 0.2 0.5 Shaved weight
fat liquoring
Finishing 0.2 0.5 g/l of the

finishing season
To get good results the bath treated with NRP should not be washed.
Page 122
POLYEON AR
(Anti-wrinkle agent)
Chemical Nature : Anti-wrinkle liming auxiliary
Appearance : Colourless liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 10 11
Soluble : Freely soluble

temperatures of less than 40 C. Containers should be tightly closed each
Characteristics: POLYEON AR is an eco-friendly a liming auxiliary to reduce wrinkles, drawness and

growth marks in hides and skins. It helps in better opening up of the fibre bundles results in full rounded
leather. POLYEON AR gives flat pelts with low swelling and improves the fullness of bellies.
POLYEON AR helps to improve overall levelness throughout the whole hide and skins particularly
maintaining the substances in the belly and flank region and thereby avoids looseness. POLYEON AR
gives clean pelts with smooth grain.
POLYEON AR improves the solubility of the lime powder thereby improving the efficiency of the
liming process and helps to reduce the percentage of lime and sulphide usage. POLYEON AR speed up
the penetration of sulphide and lime thereby improves the breaking of sulphur linkages and the removal of
hair roots and allows excellent stretching of growth marks.
Page 123
POLYEON AR can also be used in re-liming process and gives very good buffering action. It works
effectively at all temperatures and similar results can be obtained during all seasons.
POLYEON AR can effectively disperse natural fats and dissolves extra fat thereby reducing wrinkles
in neck area to obtain flat uniform stock.
Applications :
For Cow and Buff use 0.25 0.5% (% based on fleshed weight)
For goat and sheep use 0.15 0.2% based on conditions of the skin.
Ideal usage is soaking the hide or skin in a pit containing POLYEON AR and kept for an hour then taken
for usual liming. We can reduce 0.25 - 05% of sulphide and 2% of lime. We can also use POLYEON AR
along with lime and de-hairing enzyme. POLYEON AR can also be used in soaking process.
Page 124
POLYEOL SL100
(Synthetic fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic synthetic fatliquor based on special synthetic oils.
Appearance : White liquid
Active matter : 70%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

soon as possible after the container is opened. Before use, it should be
stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: POLYEOL SL100 is very much penetrative type fat liquor. The emulsion is stable to
syntans, chrome and salts. POLYEOL SL100 gives excellent softness and smooth grain to the leather.
Application Examples: POLYEOL SL100 is compatible with other anionic fatliquors. It can be used for
making very soft type of leathers. It produces lightfast, white leathers. Upto 6% of POLYEOL SL100 can
be used in the leathers based on shaved weight.
It may be used alone or in combination with other fatliquors in the manufacture of softy upper to
garment Nappa leathers of any kind.
Page 125
Characteristics: POLYEOL SL100 is ideally suited for the use in the manufacture of,
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
grain softy upper and bag leather
Nubuck leather
All types of suede leathers
1. Glove leathers
8% POLYEOL SL100
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL HLN
2. Cow upholstery leathers
8% POLYEOL SL100
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL CMP
3. Goat Nappa
3% POLYEOL SL100
3% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL CMP
Page 126
POLYEOL P 101
(Polymeric fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Aqueous solution of Olifinic Ester sulphonates
Appearance : Pale yellow viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5
stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: POLYEOL P101 is a deep penetrating specialty fatliquor which stabilizes fatliquor
emulsions and with its penetrating specialty, it easily penetrates into leather thereby bonding tightly with
leather fibres.
POLYEOL P101 acts as emulsifier which is largely resistant with the final result that it imparts very
good softness to the leather. Hence it is well suited to make all types of softies including Nappa Garment,
Gloving and Upholstery leather with smooth touch.
POLYEOL P101 is a light yellowish liquid with a low viscosity with a natural odour. It is easy to handle
and gets diluted with water. Solutions of POLYEOL P101 are resistant to acids, alkalis, neutral salts and
chrome tanning agents. It is lightfast and hence, it does not cause any yellowing.
Page 127
POLYEOL P101 is ideally suited for the use in the manufacture of,
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
Hydrophobic full grain softy upper and bag leather
Nubuck leather
Application Examples: POLYEOL P101 is ideally suited for fatliquoring of variety of leathers based on
cow, buffalo, cow calf, buff calf, goat and sheep.
(Percentages based on shaved weight)
1. Sheep Cabretta leather

2% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL CMP
2% POLYEOL P101
2. Sheep garment leather

6% POLYEOL P101
4% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL CMP
4% POLYEOL ASF
Page 128
3. Cow & Goat Nappa (Glove & Upholstery leathers)
6% POLYEOL P101
5% POLYEOL CMP
5% POLYEOL HLN
4. Lining leather
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL P101
3% POLYEOL CMP
5. Cow Softy & Nubuck Upper

3% POLYEOL P101
2% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL CMP
0.5% POLYEOL SLE
Page 129
POLYEOL SL104
Chemical Nature : Combination of synthetic esters and special waxes
Appearance : Dark brownish medium viscous liquid
Active matter : 602
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

Characteristics: POLYEOL SL104 is a dark brownish medium viscous liquid which can be readily
diluted with water. It is stable to acids, alkalis and other tanning ingredients. Multi charge fatliquors can be
prepared with POLYEOL SL104. It is light fast and therefore is also well suited for fatliquoring white and
pale leathers but no bleaching of dye.
POLYEOL SL104 has a penetrating fatliquoring effect and imparts a waxy handle, elastic stretch and
flat grain to the leather.
Page 130
Application Examples: POLYEOL SL104 is ideally suited for fatliquoring of variety of leathers based on
5% POLYEOL SL104
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL ASF

2% POLYEOL SL104
2% POLYEOL CMP
1% POLYEOL HLN
3. Goat Nappa
5% POLYEOL SL104
4% POLYEOL CMP
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF

2% POLYEOL SL104
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL ASF
Page 131
5. Cow Nappa
5% POLYEOL SL104
5% POLYEOL CMP
5% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF
6. Lining leather
4% POLYEOL SL104
2% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL CMP
7. Semi chrome and full chrome suede garment

6% POLYEOL SL104
6% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
Page 132
POLYEOL PLN
(Acrylic Polymer based fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Aqueous solution of special oil with special polymer
Appearance : Pale yellow viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5
stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: It is a deep penetrating specialty fatliquor with good stability to acid, alkali and hard
water. POLYEOL PLN imparts very good softness to the leather. Hence it is well suited to make all
types of softies including Nappa Garment, Gloving and Upholstery leather with smooth touch.
POLYEOL PLN is compatible with all fatliquors. Optimum softness can be achieved by using the
fatliquor alone without impairing the other properties of leather. Leather produced with POLYEOL PLN is
full and mellow handled to get very soft, round leather.
Page 133
POLYEOL PLN is ideally suited for the use in the manufacture of,
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
Nubuck leather
Application Examples: POLYEOL PLN is ideally suited for fatliquoring of variety of leathers based on
3% POLYEOL PLN
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL PLN
2% POLYEOL CMP
2% POLYEOL HLN
Page 134
3. Goat Nappa
3% POLYEOL PLN
4% POLYEOL CMP
4% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL PLN
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL SLX
5. Cow Nappa
3% POLYEOL PLN
5% POLYEOL CMP
5% POLYEOL SLE
5% POLYEOL HLN
6. Lining leather
4% POLYEOL PLN
2% POLYEOL SLE
3% POLYEOL CMP
Page 135
POLYEOL WPF
(Water proofing fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Combination of metallic sterides
Appearance : White pasty form
Active matter : 75%
Charge : Anionic
stirred thoroughly. It is not stable to electrolytes and mineral tanning
agents.
Characteristics: POLYEOL WPF renders leather with
Good softness
Full, round and waxy handle
Good dyeability and light fastness
Good water repellent, especially on synthetic vegetable retanned leather and subsequent fixation
with cationic metal salts.
POLYEOL WPF offers an easy production of waterproof grain and Suede leather of high quality.
Depending on the hide material and the leather thickness and waterproofing can be increased until full
impregnation.
Page 136
POLYEOL WPF gives excellent fullness and roundness which is suitable for upper and lining. It
produces excellent dyeing levelness without excessively lightening the shade. Because of this property, it
is mainly used for white gloves and pastel shade suedes. It has outstanding penetration and fixing
properties in this fixing retreatment depending on the kind of leather.
The following fixing methods can be used :
1.0 2.0% Formic Acid (85%)
Adjust the pH value of 3.8 4.0
2.0 3.0% Aluminium Sulphate (or)
2.0 3.0% Chrome tanning agent with a basicity of 33 50%
Application Examples: POLYEOL WPF is used on all hydrophobic types of leather as a main (or) sole
fatliquor.
Hydrophobic fatliquor (on shaved weight)
Glove leather 10 12%
Upholstery leather 10 15%
Clothing leather 12 18%
Upper leather 8 10%
White Glove leather
Shaving substance : 1.2 1.3 mm
Wash 300% Water 30C
0.3% Acetic acid 60% 13 Drain
Page 137
Neutralization
100% Water 35C

3.0% ABHITAN NST 15
0.5% Sodium Formate
1.0% Sodium Bicarbonate 2 10 + 45
Check pH : 5.0 Drain / Wash
Fatliquoring
100% Water
0.3% Ammonia 5
10.0% POLYEOL WPF 120
1.0% Formic acid 30
Drain
100% Water
3.0% Chrome 120
pH : 3.5 D / Out / Pile.
Horse up on. Set, dry, condition, toggle, milling.
Water Proofing of Shoe Nappa
Shaving substance : 1.4 1.6mm
Wash 300% Water 30C 10
Page 138
Neutralization
200% Water 35C
2.0% ABHITAN NST 10
1.0% Sodium Formate 40
0.7% Sodium Bicarbonate 40
Check pH : 5.2
Wash 300% Water 35C 10
Retannage
100% Water 35C

0.5% Ammonia 5
2.0% POLYEOL P101 20
2.0% ABHITAN FFS
2.0% ABHITAN MFS
2.0% Chestnut
XX% Dyestuff 120
Rinse 60C 10
Fatliquoring
150% Water 60C
0.3% Ammonia 5
8.0% POLYEOL WPF
2.0% POLYEOL P101 90
XX% Formic acid 45 pH : 4.0
Drain
100% Water
3.0% Chrome 90 pH : 3.5
Wash / Drain out
Horse up on. Set, Vacuum 80C, 1 min, dry, condition, toggle, milling.
Page 139
POLYEOL SBR
(Synthetic oil with water repellent)
Chemical Nature : Specially modified siliconic ester
Appearance : Bright yellow colored liquid

Characteristics: POLYEOL SBR is a synthetic oil particularly suitable for leathers that require a silky
feel and bright colors in Nubuck and Suedes. Comparative fatliquoring tests performed on dyeing shows
that leather processed with POLYEOL SBR presents a dyeing yield and brightness far superior to the
leather. POLYEOL SBR is extremely light fast and therefore, well suited for white and pastel colored
leather.
POLYEOL SBR causes, especially in the top fatliquoring of suede leathers more brilliance of the dye
tone and improves the feel.
Page 140
Application Examples: POLYEOL SBR renders leather with pleasant silky feel
good softness
water repellent
full, round and waxy handle
very good dyeability and light fastness

good hydrophobic properties, especially when fixation is carried out with cationic metal salts
1. For all Suedes and Nubuck leathers
In the float Amount
1. Split Suede upto 2%
2. Sheep Nappa upto 2%
3. Goat Suede upto 3%
Goat Suede
Dyeing
1.0% Liq. Ammonia 10

1.0% ABHITAN PDL 10
XX Dyestuff 30
5.0% POLYEOL SLE
5.0% POLYEOL ASF
3.0% POLYEOL CMP
3.0% POLYEOL SBR 60
XX Formic acid 85% 2 5 + 45
Rinse. Carry on as usual.
Page 141
POLYEOL HLN
(Special Synthetic fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Anionic synthetic fatliquor
Appearance : Brown thin pourable liquid
Active matter : 75%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.2

Characteristics: POLYEOL HLN penetrates deep and uniformly into the fibres, fixing itself to the inter
fibriller leather structure and in spite of this, gives the leather a silky feel, instead of making dry. An
evident characteristic is the low specific weight of the treated leather even if the leather is heavy. In high
dosages, POLYEOL HLN never induces fatty spew phenomena on grain.
Fatliquor compound at high penetration, it imparts good softness without increasing the specific weight
of the final leather. It can be used either alone or together with other anionic fatliquors to produce all kinds
of soft leathers as clothing leather, upholstery, Softy Nappa etc.
POLYEOL HLN can be used either alone or combined with whole oils or with other anionic fatliquors,
according to the required leather.
Page 142
POLYEOL HLN can be used alone upto 8% on shaved weight. When used along with POLYEOL
FS16, POLYEOL P 101, POLYEOL ASF, upto 4% can be employed along with the above fatliquors to
get the desired final results i.e., softness, fullness and roundness.
In glove leather, POLYEOL HLN used along with POLYEOL P101, POLYEOL ASF and POLYEOL
SSF shows better results i.e. excellent softness, light colored leather.
POLYEOL HLN is ideally suited for fatliquoring of variety of leathers based on cow, buffalo, cow calf,
buff calf, goat and sheep.
6% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL SLE
4% POLYEOL CMP

2% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL CMP
1% POLYEOL ASF
3. Goat Nappa
10% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL CMP
4% POLYEOL P101
2% POLYEOL FSO
Page 143
2% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL P101
1% POLYEOL SLX
5. Cow Nappa
5% POLYEOL HLN
5% POLYEOL P101
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL SLE
6. Lining leather
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL P101
3% POLYEOL CMP

6% POLYEOL HLN
6% POLYEOL CMP
6% POLYEOL ASF
Page 144
POLYEOL ASF
Chemical Nature : Anionic synthetic fatliquor with special waxes
Appearance : Light yellow thin pourable paste
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.3

Characteristics: POLYEOL ASF is a yellowish thin pourable paste which can be readily diluted with
water. It is stable to acids, alkalis and other tanning ingredients. Multi charge fatliquors can be prepared
with POLYEOL ASF. It is light fast and therefore is also well suited for fatliquoring white and pale leathers
but no bleaching of dye.
POLYEOL ASF has a penetrating fatliquoring effect and imparts a waxy handle, elastic stretch and flat
grain to the leather.
Page 145
Application Examples: POLYEOL ASF is ideally suited for fatliquoring of variety of leathers based on
5% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL SLE

2% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL CMP
1% POLYEOL HLN
3. Goat Nappa
5% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL CMP
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL SLE

2% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL SLX
Page 146
5. Cow Nappa
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL CMP
5% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL SLE
6. Lining leather
4% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL SLE
3% POLYEOL CMP

6% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL SLE
6% POLYEOL HLN
Page 147
POLYEOL ASE
(Phosphoric Ester based fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Phosphoric Combination
Appearance : White liquid
Active matter : 70%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: POLYEOL ASE is ideally suited for the use in the manufacture of,
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
grain softy upper and bag leather
Nubuck leather
Page 148
1. Glove leathers
8% POLYEOL ASE
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL HLN
8% POLYEOL ASE
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL CMP
3. Goat Nappa
3% POLYEOL ASE
3% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL CMP
Page 149
POLYEOL CMP
(Compact based fatliquor in liquid form for high end leathers like Automotive and Furniture
Upholstery)
Chemical Nature : Composition of synthetic fats with special softeners
Appearance : Viscous brown oil
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.5 0.5
Charge : Anionic
stirred thoroughly. It is not stable to electrolytes and mineral tanning
agents.
Characteristics: POLYEOL CMP is a combination of synthetic fats with special softeners and
emulsifiers. Its penetration into the inner layers of the leather is good, giving soft and full feel. The
surface feel is smooth but not greasy.
POLYEOL CMP is low content in saturated fatty acids, makes the formation of fatty spews impossible.
The leather fat liquored with POLYEOL CMP is characterized by its soft feel, clean colour shades and
greater tear resistance.
Page 150
POLYEOL CMP provides good filling without making the leather hard and warm pleasant surface
touch. The treated leathers are fluffy, soft and light weight and hence, are ideally suited for automotive
upholstery leathers.
Fat liquor for Upholstery leathers
4 5% POLYEOL CMP
4 - 6% POLYEOL ASF
4 5% POLYEOL SLE
Clothing leather Nappa on Cattle hides
4 5% POLYEOL CMP
3 - 5% POLYEOL P101
4 5% POLYEOL HLN
Page 151
POLYEOL GX
Chemical Nature : Purely synthetic fatliquor with special additives
Appearance : Brown colored medium viscous liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.3

Characteristics: POLYEOL GX is anionic purely synthetic oil which lubricates even the pentafibrils of
the skin matrix. So it gives fiber smoothness. It increases the body of the leather. POLYEOL GX is stable
to acids, alkalis, salts, hard water, vegetable and mineral tanning agents. It has an excellent light
fastness.
Application Examples: POLYEOL GX is strongly recommended to produce soft type leathers such as
garment suede, Nappa and Glove leathers. POLYEOL GX can be diluted with the same amount of water
and further diluted to desired levels.
POLYEOL GX can be used upto 6% along with POLYEOL ASF, POLYEOL HLN, POLYEOL CMP to
produce garment Nappa, Glove leathers. For making softy uppers, it is suggested upto 3-4% along with
other anionic fatliquors.
Page 152
POLYEOL ES40
(Ester based fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Ester Sulphonates
Appearance : Brownish liquid
Active matter : 55%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: POLYEOL ES40 is ideally suited for the use in the manufacture of,
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
Nubuck leather
Page 153
1. Glove leathers
8% POLYEOL ES40
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL HLN
8% POLYEOL ES40
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL CMP
3. Goat Nappa
3% POLYEOL ES40
3% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL CMP
Page 154
POLYEOL ALX25
(Anionic synthetic fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic fatliquor with synthetic waxes
Appearance : Brownish high viscous liquid
Active matter : 75%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

stirred thoroughly.
Characteristics: POLYEOL ALX25 is a brownish thin pourable, high viscous liquid that can be readily
diluted with water. Its emulsions are stable to hard water and to the salts, acid and alkalis.
POLYEOL ALX25 has a penetrating fat liquoring effect and imparts a waxy handle to the leather
surface. Moreover dyeing is not bleached by it.
Application Examples: POLYEOL ALX25 may be used for the production of upper leathers where it
can be combined with the other sulphate, raw or synthetic oils and gives a superior performance best
suited for the most of the critical requirements. Recommended offer is 2.0% - 6.0%.
POLYEOL ALX25 is recommended for Nappa, Upholstery leathers, Suede dyeing process, Nubuck
and Natural milled articles. Especially for suede, POLYEOL ALX25 produces very good sheening
property. In dyeing (on crust weight) 4-6% POLYEOL ALX25 can be given along with other fat liquors.
Page 155
POLYEOL FS16
(Semi synthetic fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Synthetic lineal alkyl hydrocarbon
Appearance : Brown colored pourable liquid

Characteristics: POLYEOL FS16 is very much penetrative dry type fat liquor. The emulsion is stable to
syntans, chrome and salts. POLYEOL FS16 gives excellent softness and smooth grain to the leather.
Application Examples: POLYEOL FS16 is compatible with other anionic fatliquors. It can be used for
making very soft type of leathers. It produces lightfast, white leathers. Upto 6% of POLYEOL FS16 can
be used in the leathers based on shaved weight.
It may be used alone or in combination with other fatliquors in the manufacture of softy upper to
garment Nappa leathers of any kind.
Page 156
1. Cow softy upper
2 - 4% POLYEOL FS16
2% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
2. Cow Nappa garment

6 - 8% POLYEOL FS16
4 - 6% POLYEOL ES40
2 - 4% POLYEOL ASF
3. Cow upholstery
6 - 8% POLYEOL FS16
2 - 4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
2 - 4% POLYEOL ES40
4. Sheep nappa garment

4 - 6% POLYEOL FS16
4 - 6% POLYEOL CMP
2 - 4% POLYEOL ASF
5. Goat Nappa garment

4 - 6% POLYEOL FS16
4 - 6% POLYEOL ASF
2 - 4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
Page 157
POLYEOL FSW
Appearance : Light colored pourable liquid

Characteristics: POLYEOL FSW is a penetrative type of fat liquor which produces soft and smooth
grain in leather. It is lightfast fatliquor and is suitable for making white and pastel shade leathers.
Page 158
1. Sheep W/B to crusting
2 - 4% POLYEOL FSW
2% POLYEOL SVII
2. Sheep Cabretta
4% POLYEOL FSW
2% POLYEOL CMP
Page 159
POLYEOL SP
(Special synthetic fatliquor)
Appearance : Brownish pourable liquid
temperatures of less than 40C. Containers should be tightly closed
each time after taking the material for use. And their content should
be used as soon as possible after the container is opened.
Characteristics: POLYEOL SP is very much penetrative dry type fat liquor. The emulsion is
stable to syntans, chrome and salts. POLYEOL SP gives excellent softness and smooth grain
to the leather.
Application Examples: POLYEOL SP is compatible with other anionic fatliquors. It can be

used for making very soft type of leathers. It produces lightfast, white leathers. Upto 6% of
POLYEOL SP can be used in the leathers based on shaved weight.
Page 160
It may be used alone or in combination with other fatliquors in the manufacture of softy upper
to garment Nappa leathers of any kind.
1. Cow softy upper
2-4% POLYEOL SP
2% POLYEOL GX
1% POLYEOL NF2
2. Cow Nappa garment
6-8% POLYEOL SP
4-6% POLYEOL GX
2-4% POLYEOL ASF
3. Cow upholstery
6-8% POLYEOL SP
2-4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
2-4% POLYEOL GX
Page 161
4. Sheep nappa garment
4-6% POLYEOL SP
4-6% POLYEOL CSM
2-4% POLYEOL GX
5. Goat Nappa garment
4-6% POLYEOL SP
4-6% POLYEOL GX
2-4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
Page 162
POLYEOL WK
(Ester based fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Mixture of synthetic esters with cationic compound
Appearance : Beige colour paste
Active matter : 60%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

stirred thoroughly.
Chaisractertics: POLYEOL WK it is non yellowing fatliquor provides good filling without making
the leather hard and warm pleasant surface touch. The treated leathers are fluffy, soft and light
weight and hence, are ideally suited for automotive upholstery leathers.white and light colour .
Upholstery leathers
Glove leathers
Nubuck leather
Page 163
1. Glove leathers
8% POLYEOL WK - 30
5% POLYEOL ASF
5% POLYEOL WPF -30
8% POLYEOL WK -30
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL WPF -30
3. Goat Nappa
3% POLYEOL WK -30
3% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL WPF -30
Page 164
POLYEOL SLE
(Lecithin fat liquor)
Chemical Nature : Composition based on lecithin
Appearance : Yellow paste
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

Characteristics: POLYEOL SLE is a versatile fat liquor recommended for all type of leathers like softy
upper, Nubucks, gloves, garments and suedes. POLYEOL SLE is recommended for suedes and gives a
silky handle and good sheen. It is advisable to emulsify the fat liquor with warm water. It is highly
recommended for all types of soft leathers and also used as final fat liquor for suedes where sheen is
important. It can be used as a top fat liquor for any type of leather where the surface touch roundness of
the leather is desired. POLYEOL SLE do not load the leathers. On the contrary, it gives a uniform
softness with a springy, resilient handle.
It gives fine emulsion in hot and cold water with good stability to acids, salts and hard water.
POLYEOL SLE is resistant to synthetic tanning agents and vegetable extracts. It can be used upto 2% in
chrome bath to get very soft, round leather.
Page 165
POLYEOL SLE gives the same softness, fullness and waxy feel typical of natural lecithin due to its
excellent lubrication.
Application Examples: POLYEOL SLE can be used as a single fatliquor even upto 5% on the shaved
weight without imparting greasiness to the surface of the leather. It has a penetrating fat liquoring effect
and imparts a waxy handle to the leather surface. it is preferable to mix them thoroughly before dilution.
1. For gloving leather

5% POLYEOL SLE
5% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL HLN
5% POLYEOL ES40
2. Suede leather
5% POLYEOL SLE
3% POLYEOL SVII
6% POLYEOL ASF
3. Softy upper from cow hides

2% POLYEOL SLE
3% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
4. Retanned goat upper

2% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL SLX
Page 166
5. Glazed kid upper
2% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL NF2
6. Aniline buff calf

3% POLYEOL SLE
2% POLYEOL SVII
2% POLYEOL ASF
7. Cow Nappa
3% POLYEOL SLE
4% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL SVII
8. Lining leather
3% POLYEOL SLE
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL SVII
Page 167
POLYEOL SLX
(Lecithin fat liquor)
Chemical Nature : Composition based on lecithin
Appearance : Yellow paste
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

Characteristics: POLYEOL SLX forms immediate translucent emulsion with hot and cold water. The
emulsion is stable against chrome, salts, acids, electrolytes and hard water. This product imparts
excellent nourishment to the leather fibers. It renders extreme softness, roundness with wet feel on
leather. POLYEOL SLX do not load the leathers. On the contrary, it gives a uniform softness with a
springy, resilient handle.
Application Examples: POLYEOL SLX mostly finds its application in the products of cow Shoe softy
upper, Burnish leathers, Garment Suede, Garment Nappa and Nubuck leather. It can be used for all
types of pastel and white leathers.
Page 168
For Nappa, 4-6% will be given along with other fat liquors. Having acid stability, 2-3 % of POLYEOL
SLX can be given on top to get better dye depth and fine silky touch with good burnish properties.
1. Suede leather
5% POLYEOL SLX
3% POLYEOL SVII
6% POLYEOL ASF

2% POLYEOL SLX
3% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
3. Burnish upper
3% POLYEOL SLX
2% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
4. Glazed kid upper

2% POLYEOL SLX
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL NF2
Page 169
POLYEOL CSM
(Natural sperm oil)
Chemical Nature : Sulphited, special natural and synthetic oil
Appearance : Brownish free flowing liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 8.0-8.9

Characteristics: POLYEOL CSM has functional characteristics similar to natural sperm oil fatliquors.

Inspite of its wax type structure, it is capable of withstanding temperatures as low as 15 C thus exhibiting
favorable visco - elastic properties over a wide range of ambient temperatures.
It gives fine emulsion in hot and cold water with good stability to acids, salts and hard water.
POLYEOL CSM is capable of emulsifying 25-50% of its own weight of raw oils to form stable emulsions.
POLYEOL CSM gives the same softness, fullness and waxy feel typical of natural sperm oil due to its
excellent lubrication.
POLYEOL CSM can be used as a single fatliquor even upto 10% on the shaved weight without
imparting greasiness to the surface of the leather. It has a penetrating fat liquoring effect and imparts a
waxy handle to the leather surface. Moreover dyeing is not bleached by it.
Page 170
Application Examples: POLYEOL CSM can be used as a single fatliquor even upto the extent of 10%
on the shaved weight without imparting greasiness to the surface of the leather. When a combination of
POLYEOL CSM and other fatliquors or unsulphonated oil are to be used, it is preferable to mix them
thoroughly before dilution.
1. For gloving leather

10% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL FSO
3% POLYEOL ES40
2. Suede leather
6% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL SVII
6% POLYEOL ASF

3% POLYEOL CSM
2% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
4. Retanned goat upper

2% POLYEOL CSM
2% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL SVII
Page 171
5. Glazed kid upper
2% POLYEOL CSM
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL NF2
6. Aniline buff calf

3% POLYEOL CSM
2% POLYEOL SVII
2% POLYEOL ASF
7. Cow Nappa
6% POLYEOL CSM
4% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL SVII
8. Lining leather
3% POLYEOL CSM
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL HLN
2% POLYEOL SVII
Page 172
DERMALIQUOR FSO
(Fish oil based fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Anionic fatliquor based on fish oil
Appearance : Dark brown color liquid
Active matter : 80%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

Characteristics: It is a deep penetrating specialty fatliquor with good stability to acid, alkali and hard
water. DERMALIQUOR FSO imparts very good softness to the leather. Hence it is well suited to make
all types of softies including Nappa Garment, Gloving and Upholstery leather with smooth touch.
DERMALIQUOR FSO is compatible with all fatliquors. Optimum softness can be achieved by using
the fatliquor alone without impairing the other properties of leather. Leather produced with
DERMALIQUOR FSO is full and mellow handled. It can be used upto 2% in chrome bath to get very soft,
round leather.
Page 173
Application Examples: DERMALIQUOR FSO is a specially designed for all types of leathers, especially
softies.
1. Cow softy upper

2% DERMALIQUOR FSO
4% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL HLN
2. Sheep Nappa leather

4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
5% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL CMP
3. Goat garment Nappa leather

4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL CMP
4. Cow Nappa Leather

4% DERMALIQUOR FSO
5% POLYEOL HLN
5% POLYEOL CMP
Page 174
POLYEOL VR2
(Vegetable based fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Sulphited vegetable oils blend
Appearance : Light colored liquid with medium viscosity
Active matter : 60%

Characteristics: POLYEOL VR2 has an outstanding stability against chrome, salts, electrolytes and
hard water. Its compatibility with other fatliquors is good. It imparts softness and roundness to the leather.
It has satisfactory light fastness.
POLYEOL VR2 can be diluted either with cold or hot water without any major variation in particle size
of the emulsion.
Application Examples: POLYEOL VR2 can be used for a variety of leathers particularly for medium
light leather like Upper, Garment, Lining, Gloving and other fancy light leathers.
Page 175
1. Chrome retanned Upper

2% POLYEOL VR2
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
2. Cow softy Upper

3% POLYEOL VR2
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF
3. Cow lining leather

3% POLYEOL VR2
3% POLYEOL CMP
2% POLYEOL HLN
4. White Gloving leather

4% POLYEOL VR2
8% POLYEOL ASF
4% POLYEOL CMP
Page 176
5. Cow Nappa leather
4% POLYEOL VR2
6% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
6. Semi - Chrome Suede Garment

3% POLYEOL VR2
3% POLYEOL SLE
6% POLYEOL ASF
Page 177
POLYEOL SVII
(Vegetable based fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Sulphited vegetable oil
Appearance : Brownish pourable liquid

Characteristics: POLYEOL SVII is an excellent fatliquor based on mixed vegetable oils. It has very
good stability against chrome salts, electrolytes and hard water. It is compatible with other anionic fat
liquors. It gives very good softness and round feel to the leather with good light fastness.
POLYEOL SVII can be diluted either with cold or hot water without any major variation in particle size
of the emulsion.
Application Examples: POLYEOL SVII can be used for a variety of leathers particularly for medium
light leather like Upper, Garment, Lining, Gloving and other fancy light leathers.
Page 178
1. Chrome retanned Upper
2% POLYEOL SVII
2% POLYEOL HLN
1% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
2. Cow softy Upper

3% POLYEOL SVII
4% POLYEOL HLN
4% POLYEOL ASF
3. Cow lining leather

3% POLYEOL SVII
3% POLYEOL CMP
2% POLYEOL HLN
4. White Gloving leather

4% POLYEOL SVII
8% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL CMP
5. Cow Nappa leather

4% POLYEOL SVII
6% POLYEOL ASF
6% POLYEOL HLN
6. Semi-Chrome Suede Garment

3% POLYEOL SVII
3% POLYEOL SLE
6% POLYEOL ASF
Page 179
POLYEOL VF
(Vegetable oil based fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Anionic fatliquor based on Sulphited vegetable oil blend
Appearance : White colored free flowing liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 8.0 9.0
Soluble : Freely soluble

Characteristics: POLYEOL VF has an outstanding stability against acids, alkali and hard water under
normal tannery conditions. POLYEOL VF is particularly formulated for white leathers and it imparts to
treated leathers softness, fullness and particular grain. Thanks to its composition, POLYEOL VF
attenuates light defects of the leather such as scratches, low grain etc. Best results can be obtained if it is
used alone.
POLYEOL VF forms a very fine particles emulsion because of which it penetrates well into the
leather. It gives good body and inner softness to leathers.
POLYEOL VF imparts good softness and it is suitable for upper gloving, lining leathers and garment
leathers. It is also suitable for chrome retanned, semi chrome and vegetable tanned leathers.
Page 180
POLYEOL LN
(Lanolin based fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Lanolin based fatliquor with synthetic waxes.
Appearance : Brown color viscous liquid
Soluble : Readily soluble in warm water

Characteristics: POLYEOL LN is an excellent fatliquor based on lanolin with synthetic oils. It is

compatible with other anionic fat liquors. It gives very good softness and round feel to the leather with
good light fastness. It also has good burnishing effect on the leather surface.
Application Examples: It is better to emulsify POLYEOL LN with warm water. POLYEOL LN is

recommended 4 to 5% along with other synthetic fatliquors like POLYEOL FS16, POLYEOL HLN,
POLYEOL FS16 and POLYEOL ES40. It is also recommended after neutralization upto 4% in same
bath.
POLYEOL LN is recommended upto 6% to 8% for garment type articles and 2 to 3% for softy lining
articles. It gives very good inner softness, roundness with tightness.
Page 181
CIRRAMINE WLS
(Non ionic fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Highly saturated fatty acids and synthetic waxes
Appearance : Creamy white paste

Characteristics: CIRRAMINE WLS gives excellent fullness and roundness which is suitable for upper
and linings. It produces excellent dyeing levelness without excessively lightening the shade. Because of
this property it is mainly used for aniline type uppers and pastel shade suedes.
1. Lining leather
5% CIRRAMINE WLS
4% POLYEOL ASF
2% DERMALIQUOR FSO
Page 182
2. Glove leather
5% CIRRAMINE WLS
5% POLYEOL ES40
5% POLYEOL ASF
3. Burnish leather
After fixing,
1% CIRRAMINE WLS
1% CIRRAMINE CSN
will give us good burnish effect on the leather surface.
Page 183
CIRRAMINE CSN
(Cationic fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Weakly cationic fatliquor
pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-4.0

Characteristics: CIRRAMINE CSN is stable to acids, neutral salts and basic chrome complexes used in

leather processing. It is advisable to mix the product with an equal quantity of water at 60 C to form a
uniform dispersion which may be diluted further prior to application.
CIRRAMINE CSN helps to achieve a more uniform distribution of chrome in tanning. As a top
fatliquor, CIRRAMINE CSN imparts a smooth way and pleasant handle. Multi-charged fatliquoring
systems may be prepared by combining certain anionic fatliquors with CIRRAMINE CSN to obtain waxy
handle and more intense dyeing.
Page 184
1. Prefatliquoring in chrome leather
100% Water
4% Basic Chromium sulphate 2 hrs.
Add 0.5 - 2% CIRRAMINE CSN 30 min.
Basify as usual.
2. Retanned leather
100% Water
3% POLYEOL CMP
3% POLYEOL ASF
3% POLYEOL HLN 45 min.
Add 0.5% Formic acid (1:10) 15 min.
Add 0.5 - 1.5% CIRRAMINE CSN 20 min.
Page 185
POLYEOL SSF
(Non ionic fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Non ionic fatliquor based on fatty acid esters
Active matter : 50%

Characteristics: POLYEOL SSF gives excellent fullness and roundness which is suitable for upper and
linings. It produces excellent dyeing levelness without excessively lightening the shade. Because of this
property it is mainly used for aniline type uppers and pastel shade suedes.
Application Examples: Due to non - ionic character, POLYEOL SSF can be given in both anionic and
cationic fatliquor systems. 2-3% of POLYEOL SSF in main fatliquors will give uniform dispersing of both
dye stuff and other combined fatliquors for suede leathers. Particularly for light colors, it is advisable in
main as well as in top fatliquors for better touch and brilliant sheen.
Page 186
Percentages are based on shaved weight.
1. Lining leather
5% POLYEOL SSF
4% POLYEOL ASF
2% DERMALIQUOR FSO
2. Glove leather
5% POLYEOL SSF
5% POLYEOL HLN
5% POLYEOL ASF
Page 187
POLYEOL BR
(Burnish fatliquoring agent)
Chemical Nature : Anionic synthetic fatliquor with special waxes
Appearance : Light yellow pourable liquid
Active matter : 60%

Characteristics: POLYEOL BR forms fine emulsion with hot and cold water. The emulsion is stable to
acid, alkalis, hard water and salts. Compatibility with other fatliquors is very good and deep penetration
can be obtained by adding small quantity of non-ionic or anionic wetting agent.
Since this fatliquor contains a special wax, it can be extensively used for burnish leathers which in turn
give a good burnish effect.
(Percentage based on shaved weight)
For upper leather, 3 - 4% POLYEOL BR (along with other fatliquors)
After fixing, 1 - 2% POLYEOL BR gives excellent burnish effect on the leather surface.
Page 188
POLYEOL NF2
(Neatsfoot oil based fatliquor)
Chemical Nature : Anionic water emulsified neatsfoot oil
Appearance : Light brownish liquid
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0-7.5

temperatures of less than 40 C. Bags should be tightly closed each time
Characteristics: POLYEOL NF2 is a transparent light brownish, easily emulsified fatliquor. It can be
given as prefatliquor along with retanning and also in main fatliquoring stage.
POLYEOL NF2 lubricates the leather very well, particularly for grain lubrication. It is an excellent
fatliquor for Upper, Corrected grain, light substance articles, goat upper and lining cabretta. It avoids grain
crackiness by means of over retannage. It is recommended 2 to 3% in main fatliquor and 1 to 2% in
retanning for upper.
Page 189
1. Upper leathers
During main fatliquoring stage,
2% POLYEOL ASF
2% POLYEOL CMP
1% POLYEOL NF2
2. Softy upper leathers

During main fatliquoring stage,
3% POLYEOL CMP
2% POLYEOL ASF
1% POLYEOL NF2
3. Nubuck leather
During retanning stage,
3% ABHITAN PHT
3% ABHITAN POS
4% ABHITAN FFS
2% Gambier
4% Tara-TB
1% POLYEOL NF2 90 min.
Page 190
KNOXCRYL MS130
(Universal Aqueous acrylic binder)
Chemical Nature : Aqueous copolymer emulsion which thickens with ammonia
Film Hardness : Medium Soft
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0 - 7.5
Soluble : Readily soluble in cold water
Properties: KNOXCRYL MS130 has an excellent adhesion to the leather surface. It imparts a smooth
feel with good filling, good wet and dry rub fastness properties. It produces thin film with slight body
resulting in smooth surface.
Leather finished with KNOXCRYL MS130 has a high flextural endurance. It has good resistance to
hot plating and ensures better plate release. For thickening, the binder should be diluted prior to the
addition of diluted solution of liquor ammonia. KNOXCRYL MS130 thus thickened finds application in
curtain coating of leathers as well as in finishing of splits.
KNOXCRYL MS130 can be used either alone or as main component of a binder mixture on almost
all types of leather because it flow out evenly.
Page 191
KNOXCRYL MS130 can be used in the application of corrected and full grain leather and also for
splits and for smooth finishes.
KNOXCRYL MS130 can also be used for garment leather which gives good covering without
affecting the feel. This product can be used along with the combination of our KNOXCRYL 133 and
KNOXCRYL C136. The combination and quantity of resins can be altered depending on the type of finish
required.
KNOXCRYL MS130 can be used alone or in combination with other binders for finishing of all types of
leathers.
Example
Pigment 120 150 parts
KNOXPRO FG187 50 parts
KNOXWAX 780 30 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 600 parts
KNOXCRYL C136 50 parts
KNOXCRYL MS130 150 parts
One pad, two cross spray to cover or three cross spray coats to cover.
Page 192
KNOXCRYL MS135
(Medium soft acrylic resin binder)
Chemical Nature : An aqueous polyacrylate dispersion.
Active matter : 35%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0 - 7.2
Properties: KNOXCRYL MS135 is a free flowing emulsion. It has a fine particle size and the film
displays high elasticity. Despite being very soft, the binder forms practically a non tacky film on
application. It is compatible with all anionic finishing auxiliaries.
KNOXCRYL MS135 is also suitable for all types of leathers where loading of grain is not desirable.
The binder has good wet and dry rub resistance and also has good flexural endurance. KNOXCRYL
MS135 facilitates plating at elevated temperature to obtain excellent grain clarity. This product has good
plate and print release properties and gives good coverage with cold crack resistance.
Application Examples: KNOXCRYL MS135 can be used in the combination of KNOXCRYL MS130
and KNOXCRYL C136 for corrected and full grain of uppers & splits. It is also suitable for all types of
leathers where loading of grain is not desirable.
Page 193
The proportion of resins can be altered depending on the type of finish.
Example:
1. Dry milled leather

KNOX PRO S188 100 parts
KNOX WAX 780 30 parts
KNOX PEN 06 50 parts
Water 500 parts
KNOX CRYL MS135 50 parts
KNOX CRYL S44 50 parts
Two/three spray coats, dry.
2. Full grain Upper leather

Pigment 100 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 500 parts
KNOX CRYL C136 100 parts
Spray to cover fully, dry plate, then finish.
Page 194
3. Corrected grain Upper leather
Pigment 100 - 150 parts
FILLER AK 80 parts
Water to make one litre. Spray to full coverage, plate/hair cell again spray to full coverage, plate, then
finish as usual.
Page 195
KNOX CRYL S133
(Soft acrylic resin)
Chemical Nature : An aqueous acrylic resin emulsion binder
pH (1:10 solution) : 5.5 - 6.0
Properties: KNOX CRYL S133 is an aqueous, soft, acrylic copolymer emulsion, which gives a medium
soft thin film. It is a base coat resin binder of fine particle size, which is penetrative. It is also a total tacky
free binder, which improves dry and wet rub properties, after finishing.
This product has excellent cold crack resistance and imparts smooth feel with better handle on the
leather. KNOX CRYL S133 is also suitable for impregnation and gives leather an improved break without
undue hardening.
Application: KNOX CRYL S133 can be used in the application of gloving leather upholstery and nappa
leather for garments.
KNOX CRYL S133 can be used along with KNOX CRYL MS130 and KNOX CRYL C136, for better
up-gradation in finishing.
Page 196
Example
1. Full grain Upper or Milled leathers

KNOX PRO FG187 50 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 475 parts
2. Nappa Leathers
Pigment 50 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 600 parts
Two cross spray to cover, plate, Three cross spray coats to cover, dry, fix.
Page 197
KNOX CRYL S 44
(Acrylic soft resin)
Chemical Nature : Aqueous polyacrylate dispersion with low viscosity.
Active matter : 34 - 36%
pH (1:10 solution) : 6.5-7.0
soluble : Readily soluble in cold water
Properties: KNOX CRYL S44 is an aqueous polyacrylate dispersion with low viscosity. It has a very fine
particle size and possess good adhesion properties which is suitable especially for full grain leathers. The
film of this product is transparent and gives good elasticity with non tacky finish.
KNOX CRYL S44 is a soft, general purpose resin with excellent adhesion with flex properties and cold
crack resistance. It is recommended for acetone resistance. This is suitable for impregnation and gives
the leather an improved break without undue hardening.
This product can be used alone or in combination with KNOX CRYL MS135 and KNOX CRYL MS130 on
corrected and full grain leathers and finishing of all types of leathers.
Page 198
1. C/G SHOE UPPER LEATHER
KNOX CRYL S44 is suitable for impregnation and gives leather an improved break without undue
loading.
Water 600 parts
Apply by pad coat by brush, leave overnight. Next day Plain plate or vaccum at 80C/45sec,
snuff with 320 paper then finish

FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 420 parts
2. Nappa Leathers
Pigment 50 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 600 parts
Page 199
KNOX CRYL C136
(Compact Universal acrylic binder)
Chemical Nature : Compact binder based on polyacrylate and other special additives
Properties: KNOXCRYL C136 is a compound specially designed to improve the fullness and softness of
corrected grain leather, giving a nappa-like appearance to upholstery articles.
The main advantages obtained by using KNOXCRYL C136 are:
Improved general fastness and a more natural appearance on slightly corrected grain leather;
The formation of a base compacted with the leather which gives the required coverage and
softness without overloading the finishing on deeply corrected grain;
A smarter appearance and economic benefits since the subsequent coats need less product.
Application
KNOXCRYL C136 is preferably applied by pad.
Then finish as follows:-
Page 200
Example:
Pigment 100 parts
KNOX WAX 780 50parts
Water to make 1 ltr
2-3 x spray coats, dry, print and finish as usual.
Pigment 100 parts
FILLER AK 20 parts
Water 500 parts

Spray to proper covering, dry - plate, then finish.
Page 201
(Cow lining (from lower grade). Base coat for up - gradation as follows:-
100 - 150 parts of pigment
850 - 900 parts of KNOXCRYL C136
Add little water
1 swab coat, intermediate aqueous nitrocellulose emulsion, emboss, proceed with the subsequent
finishing coats
Middle coat
KNOXCRYL S133 200 parts
Pigment 125 parts
Water to make 1 ltr
Spray 2 - 3 x coats for proper covering.
Lacquer coat
KNOX LAC WS152 1 part
Water 1 part
Spray 2 x coats dry well /plate.
Page 202
KNOX LAC U154
(Nitrocellulose lacquer)
Chemical Nature : Aqueous emulsion of a nitro cellulose solution
Soluble : Soluble in solvent and water
Properties: KNOX LAC U154 is a clear lacquer. It gives the leather a pleasant feel, medium gloss, with
good uniformity and smooth surface appearance.
KNOX LAC U154 may be diluted to any extent with water and water miscible solvents. It is also
used for top coating. The product imparts a high gloss and excellent wet rub fastness to the leather.
KNOX LAC U154 can be used as an additional binder in polymer finishes. The product improves
the water and scuff resistance of the finish provided. It is then carefully dried and reduces and tendency
to tackiness on hot plating.
KNOX LAC U154 is an aqueous nitrocellulose emulsion which forms a medium-soft, fine, glossy film
mainly utilized as a top coat with good wet rub fastness and smooth feel, particularly suitable for nappa
leather. KNOX LAC U154 can also be added to resins and pigments in bottom coat mixtures in order to
improve adhesion and rub fastness of the finished leather to be dry milled.
Page 203
Application is applied by spray guns diluted with water in the ratio of 1 : 0, 5 -1 : 1. It can also be diluted
with water-miscible solvents: in this case a higher degree of gloss is obtained.
Full Grain upper or Corrected Grain finish or Milled
KNOXFILLER AK 50 parts
Water to make 1ltr
Top Coating:
The leathers that have been dyed or top coated with water pigment finish are given a spray coat of the
following formulations.
a. Top coat with high gloss
KNOX LAC U154 100 parts
Solvent 100 parts
b. Top coat with medium gloss

Water 100 parts
Formaldehyde 25 parts
Page 204
KNOX LAC U155
Chemical Nature : Concentrated nitro-cellulose lacquer with special additives
Properties: KNOX LAC U155 is a concentrated nitro cellulose lacquer with special feel modifiers. It is an
aqueous and solvent dilutable nitro lacquer of medium viscosity. It gives high gloss, good fullness, a soft
handle and excellent fastness properties to the leather surface.
Application Examples: KNOX LAC U155 can also be applied as a top or an intermediate lacquer on
upper leathers of all types. The product exhibits excellent pigmentation (solvent type) and colouration
(dyes). For the production of high gloss top coats, KNOX LAC U155 is diluted with upto half of its volume
of water which is added to the emulsion with stirring.
Example

Page 205
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 600 parts
Top Coating:
Solvent 100 parts
Water 100 parts
Page 206
KNOX LAC WS152
Chemical Nature : Aqueous emulsion of a nitro cellulose solution
Properties: KNOX LAC WS152 is a milky lacquer emulsion. It gives the leather a pleasant feel, medium
gloss, with good uniformity and smooth surface appearance.
KNOX LAC WS152 may be diluted to any extent with water and water miscible solvents. It is also
used for top coating. The product imparts a medium gloss and excellent wet rub fastness to the leather.
KNOX LAC WS152 can be used as an additional binder in polymer finishes. The product improves
the water and scuff resistance of the finish provided. It is then carefully dried and reduces and tendency
to tackiness on hot plating.
It forms a medium-softness and gloss film. Lacquer emulsion especially formulated to meet the strictest
rules on air emissions besides it is characterized by a high flash point.
It shows a good levelling, a pleasant gloss and good fastness. Its suggested dilution is 1:1 in water but, in
case of special fastness and gloss requirements, can be reduced to 1:0,5.
Page 207
Example

KNOXFILLER AK 50 parts
Water to make 1ltr
Top Coating:
KNOX LAC WS 152 100 parts
Solvent 100 parts
KNOX LAC WS152 100 parts
Water 100 parts
Page 208
KNOX PRO FG187
(Modified protein based non thermoplastic binder in aqueous medium for finishing)
Chemical Nature : Colloidal aqueous solution of a non thermoplastic polymer with special
additives
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.5 8.5
Soluble : Readily soluble in hot and cold water
Properties: KNOX PRO FG187 can be used in glaze and resin finishing systems. It gives high gloss,
even and rich look, smooth handle and a good dry and wet rub fastness after fixing with a suitable fixing
agent. KNOX PRO FG187 facilitates a smooth and good grain filling effect.
KNOX PRO FG187 can be used as an additive for resin finishing and being non thermoplastic,
reduces the tackiness under the influence of heat. The finish thus, becomes more even and resistant to
scuffing.
KNOX PRO FG187 is a protein binder for shoe uppers and leather goods which forms a smooth,
good touch, medium-hard, very transparent glazeable film, used either in the intermediate coats or in top
coats to confer good brightness to the leather. KNOX PRO FG187 is easy to fix with normal
formaldehyde solutions. KNOX PRO FG187 is applied by spray guns mixed with the binders and
auxiliaries required by the article that is to be achieved
Page 209
Example

Water 600 parts
Two pad coats, dry, fix. One/two cross spray coats, dry.
Top coat
Water 780 parts
Formaldehyde 30% 70 parts
Spray coats, dry, glaze.
2. KNOX PRO FG187 can be used as an additive for resin finishing and being non thermoplastic
reduces tack and the finish thus becomes more even and resistant to scuffing.
Example

KNOX PRO FG187 50 80 parts
Water 600 parts
Page 210
KNOX PRO MS185
(Medium Soft protein binder)
Chemical Nature : Protein based non-thermoplastic binding and finishing agent in aqueous
medium
Properties: KNOX PRO MS185 is a protein based non-thermoplastic medium soft binder used for
glazed and polishing finish.
KNOX PRO MS185 is a medium viscosity solution which produces good rubbing fastness, high
lustre, and smooth handle on glaze finishes after fixing formalin. It gives a high gloss& soft elastic film
thus giving a very natural look and pleasant feel to the finished leather.
Application Examples: KNOX PRO MS185 can be used as a general purpose protein in all resin
finishes. It can be readily fixed and very well plated.
1. KNOX PRO MS185 can be used alone or in combination with KNOX PRO S188 for glaze finishes.
Page 211
Example

KNOX PRO MS185 300 parts
Water 600 parts
Top coat
KNOX PRO MS185 150 parts

Water 780 parts
Formaldehyde 30% 70 parts
Spray coats, dry, glaze.
2. KNOX PRO MS185 can be used as an additive for resin finishing and being non thermoplastic
reduces tack and the finish thus becomes more even and resistant to scuffing.
Example
KNOX PRO MS185 50 80 parts
Water 600 parts
Page 212
KNOX PRO S188
(Soft Protein based non-thermoplastic binding and finishing agent in aqueous medium)
Chemical Nature : Colloidal aqueous solution of a non thermoplastic polymer
Active matter : 16 - 18%
Properties: KNOX PRO S188 produces a clear, very soft, elastic and non swellable film which is tough
and non tacky in nature.
KNOX PRO S188 is specially developed for the finishing of all types of leather such as garment
nappa, upholstery and milled leather. The film has very high cold crack resistance. Leather finished with
KNOX PRO S188 maintains natural crust feel and exhibits aniline look with waxy feel. This product goes
very well in combination with acrylic resins for all soft and dry milled leathers.
Application Examples: KNOX PRO S188 is a soft protein binder for shoe uppers, leather goods,
garments and upholstery articles, which forms a smooth, bright, glazeable film, mainly utilized for the
preparation of polishable bottomings and covering coats. It can also be used as a top coat combined with
some harder binders. KNOX PRO S188 seals the leather very well without overloading the grain.
Page 213
Example:
Water 500 parts
Pigment 100 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 500 parts
Page 214
3. Corrected grain Upper leather
Pigment 100 - 150 parts
FILLER AK 80 parts
Water to make one litre. Spray to full coverage, plate/hair cell again spray to full coverage, plate, then
finish as usual.
Page 215
FILLER AK
(General purpose Filler for Resin finish)
Chemical Nature : Dispersion of an inorganic filler and additives
Appearance : Off-white viscous paste
Active matter : 27 -29%
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0 8.0
Properties: FILLER AK helps to cover defects and yields a smooth touch to the finished leather. It also
reduces the tackiness and helps in better plate release. FILLER AK, by virtue of its high viscosity does
not sink into the surface and thus, is ideally suitable for split and resin finishing.
FILLER AK is of medium softness, has a matting effect and produces well filled leather surface with
remarkably well settled appearance. It is compatible with all normal grounding products.
1. FILLER AK can be used for finishing all types of uppers in base and main coat season, mainly to
cover defects. It gives a smooth touch to the finished leather and improves plate release.
Page 216
Example
Pigment 100 parts
FILLER AK 50 80 parts
Water 500 parts
One pad, dry and proceed with the normal finishing.
2. FILLER AK can be used in finishing split leathers as a sealing coat.
Example

Water 500 parts
KNOX PEN 06 30 - 50 parts
Mixed with stirring
Add FILLER AK 100 parts
Add Pigment 100 parts
Apply by roller coat, dry or apply by brush uniformly, dry, plate.
Page 217
KNOX WAX 780
(Aqueous wax emulsion for leather finishing)
Chemical Nature : An aqueous emulsion of Synthetic and Natural soft waxes
pH (1:10 solution) : 7.0 -7.2
Properties: KNOX WAX 780 is a very stable wax dispersion which gives good filling and easy plating or
embossing properties. It can be used in resin as well as in glaze finishes to improve handle and look of
the finished leathers.
KNOX WAX 780 is mainly used in base coats but it can also be used in top coats, when a dull finish
with a waxy feel is to be achieved.
KNOX WAX 780 is stable over a wide range and is suitable for variety of finishing systems. It also
helps to improve the plate release in resin finishing.
KNOX WAX 780 can be used in resin as well as glaze finishing of softy and upper leathers to
improve the handle and look of the final leather.
Page 218
Example:
Water 500 parts
KNOX CRYL S 44 125 parts
Pigment 125 parts
FILLER AK 30 parts
Water 470 parts
Page 219
3. Lining leathers
Pigment 150 parts

FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 500 parts
4. Nappa Leathers
Pigment 50 parts
FILLER AK 50 parts
Water 600 parts
Page 220

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ABHITAN PST

(Phenolic pretanning syntan)

Chemical Nature : Phenol condensation product

Appearance : Viscous liquid

Active matter : 451%

pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1

Soluble : Readily soluble in water

Add 2- 3% of ABHITAN PST 30 min.

Plus 4 - 5% SYNWAT RP 2-3 min.

Set and drum with a minimum float of 10 -12% wattle extract.

(Phenolic pretanning syntan)

Chemical Nature : Phenol condensation product

Appearance : Light brown viscous liquid

Active matter : 601%

pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1

Soluble : Readily soluble in water

Washing 100% Water

0.15% Sodium bisulphate 60 min.

Pile overnight for ageing, rest of the operations is as usual.

2. Treatment of chrome softy upper leathers

(The pelts should be well bated and washed)

100% Water at 25C

5% Common salt 10 min.

(Percentages are based on dry shaved wt.)

2% ABHITAN PAL 10 min

8 -12% Chrome powder

1% CIRRAMINE CSN 120 min

2% POLYEON R40 30 min

Rest of the process is as usual.

(Phenolic pretanning syntan)

Chemical Nature : Phenol condensation product

Appearance : Pale Brown powder

Active matter : 941%

pH (1:10 solution) : 2.9-3.1

Soluble : Readily soluble in water

1. Pretannage in Drum (upto Deliming as usual)

Washing 100% Water

0.15% Sodium bisulphate 60 min.

Pile overnight for ageing, rest of the operations is as usual.

2. Treatment of chrome softy upper leathers

(The pelts should be well bated and washed)

100% Water at 25C

5% Common salt 10 min.

3. Semi chrome leathers from E.I goat and sheep skins.

(Percentages are based on dry shaved wt.)

2% ABHITAN PPS 10 min

2% ABHITAN PAL 10 min

8 -12% Chrome powder

1% CIRRAMINE CSN 120 min

2% POLYEON R40 30 min

Rest of the process is as usual.

(Synthetic replacement tanning agent)

Chemical Nature : Phenol naphthalene condensation product

Appearance : Beige color fine powder

Active matter : 981%

pH (1:10 solution) : 3.0-3.5

Soluble : Readily soluble in cold and warm water

Full Chrome and retanned upper leathers

3. Retannage of aniline leathers

ABHITAN POS 3-5%

ABHITAN PMF 2-3%

Vegetable extract 2-3% 60 min.

4. Semi Chrome or Full Chrome suede crust