CALCULO RAPIDO D50 UTILIZANDO MULTIPLICADORES DE LAGRANGE

O=

CICLON

F=1

U=1-

Leyenda :
F Feed
O Over
U Under

PLANTEAMIENTO DE CONDICIONES:

F = 1 O = U = 1 -

BALANCE POR NODOS

F = O + U

F f = Oo + Uu (I)

Ponderando flujos:
1f = o + (1 - ) u
1f = o + u - u
(f - u) = (o - u)
(f - u) - (o - u) = 0 ( II )

La prioridad principal es calcular rpidamente el mejor valor de U/O,

que es la carga circulante.

F f = Oo + Uu
(O + U)f = Oo + Uu
Of + Uf = Oo + Uu
Uf - Uu = Oo - Of
U(f - u) = O(o - f)

U o - f
O f - u

U 1 - o - f
O f - u
De las igualdades anteriores, obtenemos la siguiente relacin:

(f - u) - (o - u)

esta relacin es similar a la relacin ( II )

El error en ste nodo ser:

(f - u) - (o - u) = 0

Aplcando mnimos cuadrados para disminuir el error:

S = [(f- u) - (o - u)] 2

S = ( f - u )2 - 2 ( f - u ) * ( o - u ) + ( o - u ) 2

Derivando parcialmente S con respecto a , resulta:

S - 2(f - u)*(o - u) + 2(o- u) 2

Igualando a 0 (cero) para obtener un valor crtico, en ste caso mnimo:

- 2(f - u)*(o - u) + 2(o- u) 2

= 0

= (f - u)*(o - u)
( o - u )2

Para n mallas, buscamos un solo ptimo, para lo cual usaremos sumatorias:

= (f - u)*(o - u)
( o - u )2

DETERMINACION DE LOS MULTIPLICADORES DE LAGRANGE

Por ser 3 flujos:

S = f 2 + o2 - u 2

La funcin L a optimizar por el Mtodo de Lagrange ser:

L = Si - 2(f - u - o + u)

Donde S i : error de cada flujo :

( 1 ) Feed

( 2 ) Over

( 3 ) Under

Derivamos L, con respecto a cada componente, se obtiene:

Derivando parcialmente e igualando a 0

L = 2 f - 2 = 0 f=

L = 2o + 2 = 0 o = -
o

L = 2u + 2 - 2 = 0 u = - ( 1 - )
u

Basandonos en la ecuacin ( I ) y reemplazando f por f y esta a su vez por

F f = Oo + Uu (I)

= o + ( 1 - ) u

= ( - ) + ( 1 - ) * ( - ) * (1 - )

= - 2 - * (1 - ) 2

+ 2 + * (1 - ) 2 = 0 tericamente = r (residual) realmente

factorizando

( 1 + 2 + (1 - ) 2 ) = r

despejando

= r
1 + 2 + (1 - ) 2

clculo de r (residual)

F f = Oo + Uu

F f - Oo - Uu = r

r = f - o - (1 - )u

ingresamos una variable: h = 1 + 2 + (1 - ) 2

= r
h

f= f= r
h

o = - o = - r
h

u = - ( 1 - ) u = - r (1 - )
h
 Corte de un Hidrocicln Tubera de rebose

Tubera de alimentacin Cmara cilndrica de alimentacin

Vrtex

Seccin cilndrica

Apex

Distribucin de carga

Malla

65m
100m
150m
200m
270m
400m
-400m

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
Aplicar el multiplicador de Langrage, y determinar la eficiencia total de clasificacin:

Malla Feed Over Under c.c.

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
20m 150 0.11 0.00 0.16 2.200
50m 106 9.90 0.26 13.71 2.530
70m 75 15.56 2.64 20.75 2.489
100m 53 17.77 7.76 21.52 2.669
150m 45 15.50 11.66 17.17 2.299
200m 37 9.88 9.82 9.60 -0.214
-400m 0 31.28 67.86 17.09 2.578
100.00 100.00 100.00 2.079

(f-u) (o-u) ( f - u) ( o - u ) (o-u)^2

-0.05 -0.16 0.01 0.03
-3.81 -13.45 51.24 180.90
-5.19 -18.11 93.99 327.97
-3.75 -13.76 51.60 189.34
-1.67 -5.51 9.20 30.36
0.28 0.22 0.06 0.05
14.19 50.77 720.43 2577.59
926.53 3306.24

= 0.280

O== 0.280

U=1-= 0.720

c.c = 2.568

Valores para cada malla:

r h
-0.0052 1.5966 -0.0032
-0.0408 1.5966 -0.0256
-0.1149 1.5966 -0.0720
0.1061 1.5966 0.0664
-0.1259 1.5966 -0.0788
0.2183 1.5966 0.1368
-0.0377 1.5966 -0.0236

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
Datos experimentales corregidos aplicando multiplicadores de Lagrange

Feed Over Under c.c.

0.113 -0.001 0.158 2.548
9.926 0.253 13.692 2.568
15.632 2.620 20.698 2.568
17.704 7.779 21.568 2.568
15.579 11.638 17.113 2.568
9.743 9.858 9.698 2.568
31.304 67.853 17.073 2.568
100.00 100.00 100.00 2.565

D/R = 2.568
F=R+D
D/F = 0.720
R/F = 0.280

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
 fD(x)c D
E x x 100
fF(x)c F

Curva de Particin Corregida: Ec

D ( 100 - SD)
Agua en la descarga SD D ( 100 - SD) SF
P
Agua en el alimento F ( 100 - SF) F ( 100 - SF) SD
SF

Porcentaje de Slidos:

SF 50.00 % SR 29.80 % SD 74.60 %

P= 0.2451

ED (x)
P
ED (x)c 100 100
x
1 - P

Ecuacin de la Curva de Particin Corregida: E'c

Y = 1 - exp ( - 0.6931 ( x / d50 ) m )

ln 1 / ( 1-Y ) = 0.693 ( x / d50 ) m

log ln 1 log 0.693 + m log x

1-Y d50 m

Y = a + bx
Promd.

ALIMENTO REBOSE DESCARGA PARTICION

f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) E Ec
295
210 248.90 0.11 0.11 0.11 99.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.16 0.16 0.16 99.84 100.22 100.30
150 177.48 9.90 9.93 10.04 89.96 0.26 0.25 0.25 99.75 13.71 13.69 13.85 86.15 99.29 99.05
105 125.50 15.56 15.63 25.67 74.33 2.64 2.62 2.87 97.13 20.75 20.70 34.55 65.45 95.30 93.78
74 88.15 17.77 17.70 43.37 56.63 7.76 7.78 10.65 89.35 21.52 21.57 56.12 43.88 87.69 83.69
53 62.63 15.50 15.58 58.95 41.05 11.66 11.64 22.29 77.71 17.17 17.11 73.23 26.77 79.07 72.27
37 44.28 9.88 9.74 68.70 31.30 9.82 9.86 32.15 67.85 9.60 9.70 82.93 17.07 71.65 62.44
0.00 31.28 31.30 100.00 0.00 67.86 67.85 100.00 0.00 17.09 17.07 100.00 0.00 39.26 19.54
100.00 100.00 100.00

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
0.6685
0.4436
0.2585
0.1081
-0.0091

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
 Malla Abertura Promedio log x log ln (1/1-Y)
x y x^2 y^2 x*y
0 0
20m 150
50m 106 126.10 2.101 0.668 4.413 0.447 1.404
70m 75 89.16 1.950 0.444 3.803 0.197 0.865
100m 53 63.05 1.800 0.258 3.239 0.067 0.465
150m 45 48.84 1.689 0.108 2.852 0.012 0.183
200m 37 40.80 1.611 -0.009 2.594 0.000 -0.015
-400m
9.150 1.470 16.901 0.722 2.902

Terminos en la regresin 5

a= -2.196 d 50 = 31.40
b=m 1.360
r= 0.999

Ing. Manuel A. Pumape Gua

mapg_20@hotmail.com
 Datos de anlisis granulomtrico

FEED OVER UNDER PARTICION

Malla f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) f(x) f(x)c G(x) F(x) E Ec E'c

X
0 0

20m 150 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.11 99.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.16 0.16 0.16 99.84 100.22 100.30 0.00
50m 106 126.10 9.90 9.93 10.04 89.96 0.26 0.25 0.25 99.75 13.71 13.69 13.85 86.15 99.29 99.05 98.99
70m 75 89.16 15.56 15.63 25.67 74.33 2.64 2.62 2.87 97.13 20.75 20.70 34.55 65.45 95.30 93.78 94.31

100m 53 63.05 17.77 17.70 43.37 56.63 7.76 7.78 10.65 89.35 21.52 21.57 56.12 43.88 87.69 83.69 83.29
150m 45 48.84 15.50 15.58 58.95 41.05 11.66 11.64 22.29 77.71 17.17 17.11 73.23 26.77 79.07 72.27 71.74
200m 37 40.80 9.88 9.74 68.70 31.30 9.82 9.86 32.15 67.85 9.60 9.70 82.93 17.07 71.65 62.44 62.83

-400m 9 18.25 31.28 31.30 100.00 0.00 67.86 67.85 100.00 0.00 17.09 17.07 100.00 0.00 39.26 19.54 28.19
100.00 100.00 100.00

Curvas de partic in obtenidas de los datos experimentales

R e c u pe rac in (% )

Micras
Cu rva d e pa rticin Curva de pa rticin correg id a Cu rva d e pa rticin ca lculad a
 Funcin Gates Gaudin Schumman - Feed

Malla Abertura F(x)c x y x^2 y^2 x*y F(x)'c

0 0
20m 150 99.89 2.176 2.000 4.735 3.998 4.351 114.22
50m 106 89.96 2.025 1.954 4.102 3.818 3.958 86.04
70m 75 74.33 1.875 1.871 3.516 3.501 3.509 64.88
100m 53 56.63 1.724 1.753 2.973 3.073 3.023 48.88
150m 45 41.05 1.653 1.613 2.733 2.603 2.667 42.77
200m 37 31.30 1.568 1.496 2.459 2.237 2.345 36.46
-400m
11.022 10.687 20.519 19.230 19.852

Terminos en la regresin 6

a= 0.282 Xo = 127.44
b= 0.816 F (x) c = 96.95
r= 0.958 d 50 = 63.00 F F ( d 50 ) = 56.28 %

Funcin Gates Gaudin Schumman - Under

Malla Abertura F(x)c x y x^2 y^2 x*y F(x)'c

0 0
20m 150 99.84 2.176 1.999 4.735 3.997 4.351 123.60
50m 106 86.15 2.025 1.935 4.102 3.745 3.919 80.68
70m 75 65.45 1.875 1.816 3.516 3.298 3.405 52.75
100m 53 43.88 1.724 1.642 2.973 2.697 2.832 34.43
150m 45 26.77 1.653 1.428 2.733 2.038 2.360 28.16
200m 37 17.07 1.568 1.232 2.459 1.519 1.933 22.14
-400m
11.022 10.053 20.519 17.294 18.800

Terminos en la regresin 6

a= -0.581 Xo = 126.24
b= 1.229 F (x) c = 105.27
r= 0.952 d 50 = 63.00 FU(d 50) = 42.58 %

Funcin Gates Gaudin Schumman - Over

Malla Abertura F(x)c x y x^2 y^2 x*y F(x)'c

0 0
20m 150 100.00 2.176 2.000 4.735 4.000 4.352 107.46
50m 106 99.75 2.025 1.999 4.102 3.996 4.048 98.20
70m 75 97.13 1.875 1.987 3.516 3.950 3.726 89.76
100m 53 89.35 1.724 1.951 2.973 3.807 3.364 82.03
150m 45 77.71 1.653 1.890 2.733 3.574 3.125 78.62
200m 37 67.85 1.568 1.832 2.459 3.355 2.872 74.73
-400m
11.022 11.659 20.519 22.681 21.489

Terminos en la regresin 6

a= 1.466 Xo = 113.70
b= 0.260 F (x) c = 48.12
r= 0.879 d 50 = 63.00 FO(d 50) = 85.79 %
 Recuperacin (%)
Curvas de G-G-S del Feed - Under - Over del cicln
1000

100

10

1
1 10 Micras 100 1000
G-G-S Feed G-G-S Under G-G-S Over

Valores de F (x) correspondiente al d 50 del cicln. (obtenido de la curva de particin sin corregir):

F F ( d 50 ) = 56.28 %
FU (d 50) = 42.58 %
FO (d 50) = 85.79 %

Se calcula la eficiencia de clasificacin n1 para las partculas menores al d 50 :

n1= Peso de partculas menores a d 50

en el rebose
Peso de partculas menores a d 50
en la alimentacin

n1= 0.427

Se calcula la eficiencia de clasificacin n2 para las partculas menores al d 50 :

n2= Peso de partculas mayores a d 50 en la descarga

Peso de partculas mayores a d 50 en la alimentacin

n2= 0.945

- En una clasificacin ideal tanto n1 como n2 deberan ser la unidad, lo que indicara que todas las
partculas menores al d 50 van al rebose y que todas las partculas mayores al d 50 van a la descarga.

- Se considera los valores de d 50

y no los de d 50c, debido a que los cortocircuitos son factores de
ineficiencia que deben ser considerados.

Se calcula la eficiencia de clasificacin por: n = n 1 x n 2 x 100

Reemplazando: n= 40.4 %

Esta eficiencia es mala para un hidrocicln, de acurrdo a experiencias prcticas, n tiene valores que se
encuentran alrededor del 50%, siendo an menor en clasificadores helicoidales.
 CIRCUITO DIRECTO MOLIENDA CLASIFICACION - METODO DE NODOS

O=1

(2)

D=
A=1 R=
(1)

U = -1

Donde: A: Alimentacin Fresca

R: Alimentacin Compuesta
D: Descarga del Molino
O: Overflow
U: Underflow

DIAGRAMA DE NODOS:
A R D O
(1) (2)

U U

PLANTEAMIENTO SEGUN CONDICIONES

A 1
R
D
O 1
U -1
BALANCE POR NODOS

Nodo 1 Nodo 2
A+U=R D=O+U
Aa + Uu = Rr Dd = Oo + Uu
a + ( - 1 )u = r d = o + (-1)u
d = o + u - u
o + u - u = d

(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0 (2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

S = [(1)]2 + [(2)]2

S = [(a -u) + (u-r)]2 + [(o-u) + (u-d)]2

S = (a -u)2 + 2(a-u)(u-r) + 2(u-r)2 + (o-u)2 + 2(o-u)(u-d) + 2(u-d)2

S 2(a -u)(u-r) + 2(u-r)2 + 2(o-u)(u-d) + 2(u-d)2 0



Simplificando y despejando

- (a-u)(u-r) - (o-u)(u-d)
(u-r)2 + (u-d)2

para n mallas n n

1
- (a-u)(u-r) -
(o-u)(u-d)
1
n

1
[(u-r)2 + (u-d)2]

DETERMINACION DE MULTIPLICADORES DE LAGRANGE

Por mnimo cuadrados, para los cinco flujos:

Si = a2 + r2 + d2 + o2 + u2

La funcin L, a optimizar por el mtodo de Lagrange ser;

L = Si - 21 (a - d + d - r) - 22 ( o - u+ u - r)

Derivando parcialmnte e igualando a 0

2a - 21 = 0
a = 1

L
r
2r + 21 = 0
r = -1

L
d
2d + 22 = 0
d = - 2

L
o
2o - 22 = 0
o = 2

L
u
2u + 21 - 21 + 22 - 22 = 0
u = ( - 1 ) ( 1 + 2 )

Para cada malla se formarn dos ecuaciones simultaneas (2nodos), las cuales determinarn
1 y 2.
Se tiene el siguiente Anlisis Granulomtrico.
Malla Alimentacin Descarga Overflow Underflow
1/2" 48.29 25.33 0.00 34.38
3/8" 107.18 46.20 0.00 61.82
3m 116.57 42.36 0.00 57.29
6m 162.82 50.78 0.00 71.70
10m 116.13 56.98 0.00 77.08
20m 80.90 92.29 0.00 126.59
35m 56.08 142.29 37.10 174.71
48m 23.04 61.00 53.67 62.34
65m 18.22 40.41 58.60 33.58
100m 17.49 33.03 55.99 23.38
150m 19.81 27.96 61.07 16.11
200m 12.64 14.01 31.66 6.55
270m 12.88 12.93 32.25 5.23
325m 3.57 3.10 6.25 1.20
-325m 8.88 92.79 236.16 37.86
Total 804.50 741.46 572.75 789.82

Calculando el passing y Carga Circulante en cada malla, procedemos a determinar

la Alimentacin Compuesta con la Carga Circulante promedio.

Malla Alimentacin % Peso G(x) F(x) Descarga % Peso G(x) F(x)

1/2" 48.290 6.002 6.002 93.998 25.330 3.416 3.416 96.584
3/8" 107.180 13.323 19.325 80.675 46.200 6.231 9.647 90.353
3m 116.570 14.490 33.815 66.185 42.360 5.713 15.360 84.640
6m 162.820 20.239 54.053 45.947 50.780 6.849 22.209 77.791
10m 116.130 14.435 68.489 31.511 56.980 7.685 29.894 70.106
20m 80.900 10.056 78.544 21.456 92.290 12.447 42.341 57.659
35m 56.080 6.971 85.515 14.485 142.290 19.191 61.531 38.469
48m 23.040 2.864 88.379 11.621 61.000 8.227 69.758 30.242
65m 18.220 2.265 90.644 9.356 40.410 5.450 75.208 24.792
100m 17.490 2.174 92.818 7.182 33.030 4.455 79.663 20.337
150m 19.810 2.462 95.280 4.720 27.960 3.771 83.434 16.566
200m 12.640 1.571 96.851 3.149 14.010 1.890 85.324 14.676
270m 12.880 1.601 98.452 1.548 12.930 1.744 87.067 12.933
325m 3.570 0.444 98.896 1.104 3.100 0.418 87.486 12.514
-325m 8.880 1.104 100.000 0.000 92.790 12.514 100.000 0.000
Total 804.500 100.000 741.460 100.000

Malla Overflow % Peso G(x) F(x) Underflow % Peso G(x) F(x)

1/2" 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 34.380 4.353 4.353 95.647
3/8" 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 61.820 7.827 12.180 87.820
3m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 57.290 7.254 19.434 80.566
6m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 71.700 9.078 28.512 71.488
10m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 77.080 9.759 38.271 61.729
20m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 126.590 16.028 54.298 45.702
35m 37.100 6.478 6.478 93.522 174.710 22.120 76.419 23.581
48m 53.670 9.371 15.848 84.152 62.340 7.893 84.312 15.688
65m 58.600 10.231 26.079 73.921 33.580 4.252 88.563 11.437
100m 55.990 9.776 35.855 64.145 23.380 2.960 91.523 8.477
150m 61.070 10.663 46.518 53.482 16.110 2.040 93.563 6.437
200m 31.660 5.528 52.045 47.955 6.550 0.829 94.392 5.608
270m 32.250 5.631 57.676 42.324 5.230 0.662 95.055 4.945
325m 6.250 1.091 58.767 41.233 1.200 0.152 95.207 4.793
-325m 236.160 41.233 100.000 0.000 37.860 4.793 100.000 0.000
 Total 572.750 100.000 789.820 100.000

Calculo de Alimentacin Compuesta de la primera malla:

Rr = Aa + Uu

r Aa + Uu 1a + ( -1)u
R

Malla Alimentacin Descarga Compuesta Overflow Underflow c.c. (o-d)/(d-u)

1/2" 93.998 96.584 95.294 100.000 95.647 3.647 (d-o)/(u-d)
3/8" 80.675 90.353 86.289 100.000 87.820 3.809
3m 66.185 84.640 77.485 100.000 80.566 3.771
6m 45.947 77.791 66.016 100.000 71.488 3.524
10m 31.511 70.106 55.256 100.000 61.729 3.569
20m 21.456 57.659 40.507 100.000 45.702 3.541
35m 14.485 38.469 21.633 93.522 23.581 3.698
48m 11.621 30.242 14.817 84.152 15.688 3.704
65m 9.356 24.792 10.991 73.921 11.437 3.679
100m 7.182 20.337 8.199 64.145 8.477 3.694
150m 4.720 16.566 6.069 53.482 6.437 3.645
200m 3.149 14.676 5.081 47.955 5.608 3.670
270m 1.548 12.933 4.217 42.324 4.945 3.680
325m 1.104 12.514 4.003 41.233 4.793 3.719
c.c. = 3.668
= 4.668

(a-u)(u-r) (o-u)(u-d) (u-r)2 + (u-d)2

-0.583 -4.077 1.002
-10.937 -30.850 8.758
-44.308 -79.159 26.084
-139.765 -179.699 69.666
-195.622 -320.595 112.084
-125.943 -649.282 169.967
-17.727 -1041.240 225.432
-3.544 -996.370 212.558
-0.927 -834.461 178.551
-0.359 -660.242 140.743
-0.632 -476.526 102.733
-1.295 -384.038 82.521
-2.473 -298.548 64.325
-2.917 -281.347 60.239
-547.034 -6236.434 1454.664

Obtenemos el valor de alfa: = 4.663

Clculo de errores en las mallas:

(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0 (2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

Errores para cada nodo en sus respectivas mallas:

Malla Error 1 Error 2

1/2" -0.002 -0.015
3/8" -0.007 0.369
3m -0.014 0.439
6m -0.025 -0.879
10m -0.029 -0.793
20m -0.023 -1.463
35m -0.009 0.518
48m -0.004 0.598
65m -0.002 0.207
100m -0.001 0.361
150m -0.002 -0.189
200m -0.002 0.057
270m -0.003 0.132
325m -0.004 0.434

Nodo 1:
(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0

1 - [( - 1)( 1 + 2)] + [( - 1)( 1 + 2) - (-1)]

1 - [1 - 1+ 2 - 2)] + [(1 + 2 - 1 - 2 + 1)]

1 - 1 + 1 - 2 + 2 + 12 + 22 - 1 - 2 + 12

212 - 21 + 21 + 22 - 22 + 2

1 ( 22 - 2 + 2 ) + 2 ( 2 - 2 + 1 )
K1 K2

Nodo 2:
(2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

2 - [( - 1)( 1 + 2)] + [( - 1)( 1 + 2) - (-2)]

2 - [1 - 1 + 2 - 2)] + [(1 + 2 - 1 - 2 + 2)]

2 - 1 + 1 - 2 + 2 + 12 + 22 - 1 - 2 + 22

12 - 21 + 1 + 222 - 22 + 22

1 ( 2 - 2 + 1 ) + 2 (22 - 2 + 2 )
K3 K4
 1 K1 + 2 K 2 = 1 ( x
K 2)
1 K 3 + 2 K 4 = 2 ( x
K 4)

1 K 1 K 4 + 2 K 2 K 4 = 1 K4
1 K 2 K 3 + 2 K 2 K 4 = 2 K 2 ( x -1 )

1 ( K 1 K 4 - K 2 K 3) = 1 K4 - 2 K 2

1 1 K 4 - 2 K 2
( K 1 K 4 - K 2 K 3)

1 1 ( 22 - 2 + 2 ) - 2 ( 2 - 2 + 1 )
(22 - 2 + 2 )2 - ( 2 - 2 + 1 )2

1 K1 + 2 K 2 = 1 ( x
K 3)
1 K 3 + 2 K 4 = 2 ( x
K 1)

1 K 1 K 3 + 2 K 2 K 3 = 1 K 3
1 K 1 K 3 + 2 K 1 K 4 = 2 K 1 ( x -1 )

2 ( K 2 K 3 - K 1 K 4) = 1 K 3 - 2 K 1

2 1 K 3 - 2 K 1
( K 2 K 3 - K 1 K 4)
 2 1 ( 2 - 2 + 1 ) - 2 ( 22 - 2 + 2 )
( 2 - 2 + 1 )2 - ( 22 - 2 + 2 )2

Malla 1 2
1/2" 0.0001 -0.0005
3/8" -0.0046 0.0119
3m -0.0057 0.0142
6m 0.0097 -0.0279
10m 0.0085 -0.0251
20m 0.0167 -0.0466
35m -0.0064 0.0167
48m -0.0072 0.0192
65m -0.0025 0.0067
100m -0.0043 0.0116
150m 0.0022 -0.0060
200m -0.0008 0.0018
270m -0.0017 0.0043
325m -0.0053 0.0140

DATOS AJUSTADOS

Malla Alimentacin Compuesta Descarga Overflow Underflow c.c.

1/2" 93.997 95.294 96.582 100.000 95.648 3.663
3/8" 80.680 86.268 90.408 99.988 87.793 3.663
3m 66.191 77.459 84.706 99.986 80.535 3.663
6m 45.937 66.062 77.661 100.028 71.555 3.663
10m 31.503 55.295 69.989 100.025 61.790 3.663
20m 21.439 40.585 57.442 100.047 45.811 3.663
35m 14.491 21.602 38.547 93.506 23.544 3.663
48m 11.628 14.783 30.331 84.133 15.645 3.663
65m 9.359 10.979 24.823 73.914 11.422 3.663
100m 7.186 8.179 20.391 64.133 8.450 3.663
150m 4.718 6.079 16.538 53.488 6.451 3.663
200m 3.149 5.077 14.685 47.953 5.604 3.663
270m 1.549 4.210 12.953 42.320 4.936 3.663
325m 1.109 3.978 12.580 41.219 4.762 3.663
c.c. = 3.663
 CIRCUITO INVERSO MOLIENDA CLASIFICACION - METODO DE NODOS

O=1
A=1 R=
(1) (2)

D=-1 U = -1

Donde: A: Alimentacin Fresca

R: Alimentacin Compuesta
D: Descarga del Molino
O: Overflow
U: Underflow

DIAGRAMA DE NODOS:
A R R O
(1) (2)

D U

PLANTEAMIENTO SEGUN CONDICIONES

A 1
R
D -1
O 1
U -1
BALANCE POR NODOS

Nodo 1 Nodo 2
A+U=R D=O+U
Aa + Uu = Rr Dd = Oo + Uu
a + ( - 1 )u = r d = o + (-1)u
d = o + u - u
o + u - u = d

(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0 (2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

S = [(1)]2 + [(2)]2

S = [(a -u) + (u-r)]2 + [(o-u) + (u-d)]2

S = (a -u)2 + 2(a-u)(u-r) + 2(u-r)2 + (o-u)2 + 2(o-u)(u-d) + 2(u-d)2

S 2(a -u)(u-r) + 2(u-r)2 + 2(o-u)(u-d) + 2(u-d)2 0



Simplificando y despejando

- (a-u)(u-r) - (o-u)(u-d)
(u-r)2 + (u-d)2

para n mallas n n

1
- (a-u)(u-r) -
(o-u)(u-d)
1
n

1
[(u-r)2 + (u-d)2]

DETERMINACION DE MULTIPLICADORES DE LAGRANGE

Por mnimo cuadrados, para los cinco flujos:

Si = u2 + r2 + d2 + o2 + u2

La funcin L, a optimizar por el mtodo de Lagrange ser;

L = Si - 21 (a - d + d - r) - 22 ( o - u+ u - r)

Derivando parcialmnte e igualando a 0

2a - 21 = 0
a = 1

L
r
2r + 21 + 22 = 0
r = -(1 + 2)

L
d
2d + 21 - 21 = 0
d = 1( - 1)

L
o
2o - 22 = 0
o = 2

L
u
2u - 22( - 1)
u = 2( - 1)

Para cada malla se formarn dos ecuaciones simultaneas (2nodos), las cuales determinarn
1 y 2.
Se tiene el siguiente Anlisis Granulomtrico.
Malla Alimentacin Descarga Overflow Underflow
1/2" 48.29 25.33 0.00 34.38
3/8" 107.18 46.20 0.00 61.82
3m 116.57 42.36 0.00 57.29
6m 162.82 50.78 0.00 71.70
10m 116.13 56.98 0.00 77.08
20m 80.90 92.29 0.00 126.59
35m 56.08 142.29 37.10 174.71
48m 23.04 61.00 53.67 62.34
65m 18.22 40.41 58.60 33.58
100m 17.49 33.03 55.99 23.38
150m 19.81 27.96 61.07 16.11
200m 12.64 14.01 31.66 6.55
270m 12.88 12.93 32.25 5.23
325m 3.57 3.10 6.25 1.20
-325m 8.88 92.79 236.16 37.86
Total 804.50 741.46 572.75 789.82

Calculando el passing y Carga Circulante en cada malla, procedemos a determinar

la Alimentacin Compuesta con la Carga Circulante promedio.

Malla Alimentacin % Peso G(x) F(x) Descarga % Peso G(x) F(x)

1/2" 48.290 6.002 6.002 93.998 25.330 3.416 3.416 96.584
3/8" 107.180 13.323 19.325 80.675 46.200 6.231 9.647 90.353
3m 116.570 14.490 33.815 66.185 42.360 5.713 15.360 84.640
6m 162.820 20.239 54.053 45.947 50.780 6.849 22.209 77.791
10m 116.130 14.435 68.489 31.511 56.980 7.685 29.894 70.106
20m 80.900 10.056 78.544 21.456 92.290 12.447 42.341 57.659
35m 56.080 6.971 85.515 14.485 142.290 19.191 61.531 38.469
48m 23.040 2.864 88.379 11.621 61.000 8.227 69.758 30.242
65m 18.220 2.265 90.644 9.356 40.410 5.450 75.208 24.792
100m 17.490 2.174 92.818 7.182 33.030 4.455 79.663 20.337
150m 19.810 2.462 95.280 4.720 27.960 3.771 83.434 16.566
200m 12.640 1.571 96.851 3.149 14.010 1.890 85.324 14.676
270m 12.880 1.601 98.452 1.548 12.930 1.744 87.067 12.933
325m 3.570 0.444 98.896 1.104 3.100 0.418 87.486 12.514
-325m 8.880 1.104 100.000 0.000 92.790 12.514 100.000 0.000
Total 804.500 100.000 741.460 100.000

Malla Overflow % Peso G(x) F(x) Underflow % Peso G(x) F(x)

1/2" 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 34.380 4.353 4.353 95.647
3/8" 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 61.820 7.827 12.180 87.820
3m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 57.290 7.254 19.434 80.566
6m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 71.700 9.078 28.512 71.488
10m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 77.080 9.759 38.271 61.729
20m 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.000 126.590 16.028 54.298 45.702
35m 37.100 6.478 6.478 93.522 174.710 22.120 76.419 23.581
48m 53.670 9.371 15.848 84.152 62.340 7.893 84.312 15.688
65m 58.600 10.231 26.079 73.921 33.580 4.252 88.563 11.437
100m 55.990 9.776 35.855 64.145 23.380 2.960 91.523 8.477
150m 61.070 10.663 46.518 53.482 16.110 2.040 93.563 6.437
200m 31.660 5.528 52.045 47.955 6.550 0.829 94.392 5.608
270m 32.250 5.631 57.676 42.324 5.230 0.662 95.055 4.945
325m 6.250 1.091 58.767 41.233 1.200 0.152 95.207 4.793
-325m 236.160 41.233 100.000 0.000 37.860 4.793 100.000 0.000
 Total 572.750 100.000 789.820 100.000

Calculo de Alimentacin Compuesta de la primera malla:

Rr = Aa + Uu

r Aa + Uu 1a + ( -1)u
R

Malla Alimentacin Descarga Compuesta Overflow Underflow c.c. (o-f)/(f-u)

1/2" 93.998 96.584 95.294 100.000 95.647 3.647 (d-o)/(u-d)
3/8" 80.675 90.353 86.289 100.000 87.820 3.809
3m 66.185 84.640 77.485 100.000 80.566 3.771
6m 45.947 77.791 66.016 100.000 71.488 3.524
10m 31.511 70.106 55.256 100.000 61.729 3.569
20m 21.456 57.659 40.507 100.000 45.702 3.541
35m 14.485 38.469 21.633 93.522 23.581 3.698
48m 11.621 30.242 14.817 84.152 15.688 3.704
65m 9.356 24.792 10.991 73.921 11.437 3.679
100m 7.182 20.337 8.199 64.145 8.477 3.694
150m 4.720 16.566 6.069 53.482 6.437 3.645
200m 3.149 14.676 5.081 47.955 5.608 3.670
270m 1.548 12.933 4.217 42.324 4.945 3.680
325m 1.104 12.514 4.003 41.233 4.793 3.719
c.c. = 3.668
= 4.668

(a-u)(u-r) (o-u)(u-d) (u-r)2 + (u-d)2

-0.583 -4.077 1.002
-10.937 -30.850 8.758
-44.308 -79.159 26.084
-139.765 -179.699 69.666
-195.622 -320.595 112.084
-125.943 -649.282 169.967
-17.727 -1041.240 225.432
-3.544 -996.370 212.558
-0.927 -834.461 178.551
-0.359 -660.242 140.743
-0.632 -476.526 102.733
-1.295 -384.038 82.521
-2.473 -298.548 64.325
-2.917 -281.347 60.239
-547.034 -6236.434 1454.664

Obtenemos el valor de alfa: = 4.663

Clculo de errores en las mallas:

(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0 (2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

Errores para cada nodo en sus respectivas mallas:

Malla Error 1 Error 2

1/2" -0.002 -0.015
3/8" -0.007 0.369
3m -0.014 0.439
6m -0.025 -0.879
10m -0.029 -0.793
20m -0.023 -1.463
35m -0.009 0.518
48m -0.004 0.598
65m -0.002 0.207
100m -0.001 0.361
150m -0.002 -0.189
200m -0.002 0.057
270m -0.003 0.132
325m -0.004 0.434

Nodo 1:
(1) = (a-u) + (u-r) = 0

1 - [( - 1)( 1 + 2)] + [( - 1)( 1 + 2) - (-1)]

1 - [1 - 1+ 2 - 2)] + [(1 + 2 - 1 - 2 + 1)]

1 - 1 + 1 - 2 + 2 + 12 + 22 - 1 - 2 + 12

212 - 21 + 21 + 22 - 22 + 2

1 ( 22 - 2 + 2 ) + 2 ( 2 - 2 + 1 )
K1 K2

Nodo 2:
(2) = (o-u) + (u-d) = 0

2 - [( - 1)( 1 + 2)] + [( - 1)( 1 + 2) - (-2)]

2 - [1 - 1 + 2 - 2)] + [(1 + 2 - 1 - 2 + 2)]

2 - 1 + 1 - 2 + 2 + 12 + 22 - 1 - 2 + 22

12 - 21 + 1 + 222 - 22 + 22

1 ( 2 - 2 + 1 ) + 2 (22 - 2 + 2 )
K3 K4
 1 K1 + 2 K 2 = 1 ( x
K 2)
1 K 3 + 2 K 4 = 2 ( x
K 4)

1 K 1 K 4 + 2 K 2 K 4 = 1 K4
1 K 2 K 3 + 2 K 2 K 4 = 2 K 2 ( x -1 )

1 ( K 1 K 4 - K 2 K 3) = 1 K4 - 2 K 2

1 1 K 4 - 2 K 2
( K 1 K 4 - K 2 K 3)

1 1 ( 22 - 2 + 2 ) - 2 ( 2 - 2 + 1 )
(22 - 2 + 2 )2 - ( 2 - 2 + 1 )2

1 K1 + 2 K 2 = 1 ( x
K 3)
1 K 3 + 2 K 4 = 2 ( x
K 1)

1 K 1 K 3 + 2 K 2 K 3 = 1 K 3
1 K 1 K 3 + 2 K 1 K 4 = 2 K 1 ( x -1 )

2 ( K 2 K 3 - K 1 K 4) = 1 K 3 - 2 K 1

2 1 K 3 - 2 K 1
( K 2 K 3 - K 1 K 4)
 2 1 ( 2 - 2 + 1 ) - 2 ( 22 - 2 + 2 )
( 2 - 2 + 1 )2 - ( 22 - 2 + 2 )2

Malla 1 2
1/2" 0.0001 -0.0005
3/8" -0.0046 0.0119
3m -0.0057 0.0142
6m 0.0097 -0.0279
10m 0.0085 -0.0251
20m 0.0167 -0.0466
35m -0.0064 0.0167
48m -0.0072 0.0192
65m -0.0025 0.0067
100m -0.0043 0.0116
150m 0.0022 -0.0060
200m -0.0008 0.0018
270m -0.0017 0.0043
325m -0.0053 0.0140

DATOS AJUSTADOS

Malla Alimentacin Compuesta Descarga Overflow Underflow c.c.

1/2" 93.997 95.294 96.582 100.000 95.648 3.663
3/8" 80.680 86.268 90.408 99.988 87.793 3.663
3m 66.191 77.459 84.706 99.986 80.535 3.663
6m 45.937 66.062 77.661 100.028 71.555 3.663
10m 31.503 55.295 69.989 100.025 61.790 3.663
20m 21.439 40.585 57.442 100.047 45.811 3.663
35m 14.491 21.602 38.547 93.506 23.544 3.663
48m 11.628 14.783 30.331 84.133 15.645 3.663
65m 9.359 10.979 24.823 73.914 11.422 3.663
100m 7.186 8.179 20.391 64.133 8.450 3.663
150m 4.718 6.079 16.538 53.488 6.451 3.663
200m 3.149 5.077 14.685 47.953 5.604 3.663
270m 1.549 4.210 12.953 42.320 4.936 3.663
325m 1.109 3.978 12.580 41.219 4.762 3.663
c.c. = 3.663