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CHAPTER 4

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Chapter 4 Contents

Subject Page

Contents 1
Objectives 2
Purpose of Organisation Approvals 3
BCAR Approval System 4/5
JAA Approval System 6/7
JAR 145 Foreword 8/11
JAR 145 Definitions 12
JAR 145 Applicability 13
JAR 145 Application & Issue 13
JAR 145 Extent of Approval 14
JAR 145 Facilities 14
JAR 145 Personnel Requirements 15-17
JAR 145 Record of Certifying Staff 18
JAR 145 Equipment, Tools & Materials 18
JAR 145 Approved Data 19
JAR 145 Certification of Maintenance 20
JAR 145 Maintenance Records 20
JAR 145 Reporting of Unairworthy Conditions 21
JAR 145 Maintenance Procedures & Quality System 21
JAR 145 Maintenance Organisation Exposition 22/27
JAR 145 Privileges of an Approved Organisation 28
JAR 145 Limitations on an Approved Organisation 28
JAR 145 Changes to an Approved Organisation 29
JAR 145 Continued Validity of an Approved Organisation 29
JAR 145 Equivalent Safety Case 30
JAR 145 Revocation Suspension & Refusal 30
Approval of Organisations 31
Supplementary Approvals 37
CAA Class Ratings & Limitations 38
JAA Form 1 39
Technical Standard Order (TSOs) 42
Stores Procedures 44

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OBJECTIVES

At the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

1. Explain, And Demonstrate A Detailed Understanding Of, JAR 145

2. Describe The Procedures An Organisation Has To Take In Order To


Gain CAA/ JAA National Authority Approval.

3. State Who In An Approved Organisation Assumes Full


Responsibility For The Activities Of The Organisation

4. Demonstrate An Understanding Of The BCAR Approval System

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Purpose Of Organisation Approval

e
there must
inually

h
ossible for
isations

A principle was, therefore introduced into the legislative system whereby, under the
ANO, currently the CAA or the JAA, (depending on whether the maintenance is
being carried out on aircraft operating with or without an Air Operators Certificate)
are empowered to delegate certain of their responsibilities to the appropriate areas
of the industry. Such delegation is made under approval procedures set out in either
BCAR Chapter A8 or JARs.

This does not mean that the CAA takes no further interest in what is going on - far
from it! Approvals are only granted after a full investigation of organisations, and
periodic monitoring of activities at every level of airworthiness input follows this.

BCAR Section A8 Approval

Any organisation based in the U.K. or overseas may make application for approval
provided their activities are classified as being within any of the groups under which
approval may be granted. However, applications are not normally considered from
organisations in the following countries:

USA: Where the CAA and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
collaborate under arrangements covered an exchange of notes
between Governments. Excluded from this are raw material
manufacturers who may app CAA approval.

France: Where arrangements between the CAA and the French Authorities
(Direction Generale de I'Aviation Civile and the Bureau Veritas) are
in operation. AWN 34 refers.

Application for approval must be made on form AD 457, copies of which may be
obtained from the C.A.A. Safety Regulation Group (SRG)

A List of Approvals related to BCAR Chapter A8 is given in Figures 4.1 and 4.2.

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BCAR APPROVAL SYSTEM

INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO SUB-SECTION A8

CAA APPROVED ORGANISATIONS

1 CAA approved Organisations are divided into the following groups:-

Group Definitions Chapter

A1 Organisations approved for the design and manufacture A8-1


Primary of complete aircraft, engines, or controlled items of
Companies equipment, and the overhaul of the Organisations own
product.

A2 Organisations approved for the manufacture of components, A8-2


Suppliers assemblies and items of equipment to acceptable standards/
specifications. Ultimate design responsibility is bested in the
Primary Company which specifies the products.

A3 Organisations approved for the management of a project, A8-19


Consortium or group of projects, for which application has been made
Management for certification. The Consortium may comprise of both
Organisations United Kingdom or International companies.

B1 Organisations approved for inspections, overhauls, repairs, A8-3


Overhaulers replacements, and embodiment of modifications to
aircraft, engines, components or items of equipment.

B2 Organisations approved for the manufacture of materials A8-4


Material used in parts affected by airworthiness requirements.
Manufacturers

B3 Organisations approved for the application of protective A8-5


Process treatments, heat treatments, and other special processes.
Companies

B4 Organisations approved for testing and specialised A8-6


Test Houses examination to established standards.

C1 Organisations approved for the storage and re-issue of A8-7


Material materials obtained from CAA approved Material
Distributors Manufacturers.

C2 Organisations approved for the storage and release of A8-16


Fastener fasteners obtained from sources approved by the CAA.
Dstributors

Figure 4.1 CAA Approved Organisations

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E1 Organisations approved for the design of complete A8-8


Design aircraft, systems, or equipment.
Organisations

E2 Organisations approved for the design of modifications A8-8


Design to aircraft, systems or equipment.
Organisations

E3 Organisations approved for investigation and certification A8-8


Design (to the CAA) of the design standard of an aircraft.
Organisations

E4 Organisations approved in respect of aeroplanes and A8-20


Organisations rotorcraft of military origin above 2730 kg, to undertake
assessments and to make recommendations in respect of
the issue of a Permit to Fly.

F1 Organisations approved for the full management and control of A8-9


Flight Test flights under B conditions.
Organisations

F2 Organisations approved for the provision of flight test services A8-9


Flight Test only, including the control of flight safety to support flight
Services testing carried out under B conditions.

F3 Organisation for the management and control of flights under A8-9


Organisations B Conditions for the purpose of a specified test or development
Programme of defined scope and specified duration.

M1 Organisations approved for the maintenance of aeroplanes A8-13


Aeroplane & and rotorcraft, the maximum total weight authorised of
Rotorcraft which is 13,610 kg (30,000 lb) or greater, and which were
Maintenance first certified in the UK after 1st January 1972.
Organisations

M3 Organisations approved, in respect of aeroplanes and A8-15


Aeroplane & rotorcraft the maximum total weight authorised of which
Rotorcraft does not exceed 2730 kg, to make recommendations in
Maintenance respect of C of A renewal and to perform maintenance
Organisations checks and Star Inspections.

M4 Organisations approved for the maintenance of specific A8-18


Airship airships.
Maintenance
Organisations

M5 Organisations approved, in respect of aeroplane and A8-20


Organisations rotorcraft of military origin above 2730 kg to perform
maintenance as prescribed in conditions associated with
the issue of Permits to Fly, and to undertake assessment
to make recommendations in respect of renewal of
Permits to Fly.

2 The CAA may grant approval in more than one Group.

3 Separate approvals may be required where sections or divisions of an Organisation are autonomous, or where
premises are at significantly different geographical locations.

4 On grant of approval an Organisation will receive Terms of Approval, and a CAA Organisation Approval reference
number which should be quoted on all relevant documents.

5 Fees are established in the Civil Aviation Authority Official Record, Series 5, CAA Scheme of Charges, for
investigations connected with the grant, variation and maintenance of each approval.

Figure 4.2 - CAA Approved Organisations

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JAA Approval System

Any organisation based in the UK or overseas may make application for approval
provided their activities are classified as being within any of the JAR approvals
currently adopted. Organisations wishing to manufacture aircraft or equipment for
fitment to aircraft would seek approval under the relevant sub part of JAR-21.
Organisations seeking to maintain aircraft in the CAT category would apply for
approval under JAR-145. Approval would be granted if the applicant meets the
requirements of Section 1 of the JAR. These requirements, written in a somewhat
legal form are further interpreted via Section 2 of the JAR which contains Acceptable
Means of Compliance (AMCs) and Interpretative/Explanatory Material (IEMs) or
Advisory Circular Joint (AJCs).

For example:

1. JAR-21 - Sub part G

JAR 21.134 Application (See ACJ 21.134)

Each application for a Production Organisation Approval must be made in a


form and manner acceptable to the Authority, and must include an outline of
the information required by JAR 21.143 and the Terms of Approval requested
to be issued under JAR 21.151.

ACJ 21.134
Application - Application form and manner (Interpretative Material)
See JAR 21.134

This ACJ sets an acceptable means but not the only means to show
compliance with JAR21.134:

JAA Form 50 should be obtained from the Authority and completed by the
Manager Accountable.

The completed form, an outline of the Production Organisation Exposition,


and details of the proposed terms of approval are to be forwarded to the
Authority.

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2. JAR-145

JAR 145.15 Application and issue (AMC 145.15)

(a) An application for maintenance organisation approval or for the


amendment of an existing maintenance organisation approval shall be
made on a form and in a manner prescribed by the JAA full member
Authority and submitted with the required number of copies of the
maintenance organisations exposition or amendment thereto.

(b) An applicant who meets the requirements of this JAR-145 and has paid
any charges prescribed by the JAA full member Authority is entitled to a
maintenance organisation approval.

AMC 145.15(a)
Application and Issue
See JAR 145.15(a)

On a form and in a manner means that JAA Form Two should be obtained
from the JAA full member Authorityand completed by the accountable
manager [ ]. The required number of copies of the maintenance
organisation exposition means the number required by the JAA full member
Authority which normally means one or two. JAA HQ does not require a copy
of this document.

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JAR-145
FOREWORD

The Civil Aviation Authorities of certain European countries have agreed common
comprehensive and detailed aviation requirements (referred to as the Joint Aviation
Requirements (JAR)). The intention is to minimising Type Certification problems on
joint ventures, to facilitate the export and import of aviation products, and make it
easier for maintenance carried out in one European country to be accepted by the
Civil Aviation Authority in another European country.

The JAR are recognised by the Civil Aviation Authorities of participating countries as
an acceptable basis for showing compliance with their national airworthiness codes.

FAR Parts 43 and 145 of the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States of
America have been selected to provide the format, and where appropriate content,
of the JAR for Approved Maintenance Organisations (JAR-145).

JAR-145 has been issued with no National Variants and as a result in several
areas does not contain the detailed compliance information, which some Civil
Aviation Authorities and Industry organisations would like to see. The authors
of JAR-145 agreed that it should be applied in practice and the lessons learnt
embodied in future amendments. The Civil Aviation Authorities of the JAA are
therefore committed to early amendment in the light of experience.

Future development of the requirements for this JAR will be in accordance with the
agreed amendment procedures. Broadly, these procedures are such that
amendment of JAR-145 can be proposed by the Civil Aviation Authority of any of the
participating countries and by any organisation represented on the Joint Steering
Assembly.

The Civil Aviation Authorities have agreed they should not unilaterally initiate
amendment of their national codes without having made a proposal for amendment
of the JAR-145 in accordance with the agreed procedure.

Amendments to the text in this JAR-145 used to be issued (initially) as 'Orange


Paper' Amendments. As of March 2000 adopted amendments will be publishes as
replacement pages, with only the affected pages being reproduced. Each revision
will be accompanied by instructions for incorporation of the amendment. However,
Temporary Guidance Leaflets (TGL) are issued by the JAA as a means of quickly
providing advice to JAA Members and also permit trial of materials. If the CAA
considers the content of a TGL to be inappropriate it has the authority to choose not
to implement the TGL until formal NPA procedures have been completed, (Refer
AWN 14 Paragraph 2.9 and Appendix 2).

New amended and corrected text is enclosed within heavy brackets.

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The remainder of the text in this JAR makes reference to JAA full member
Authorities. This is intended to reflect the fact that whilst all the Civil Aviation
Authorities subscribe to the concept of common JARs etc, only the JAA full
members Authorities have agreed mutual recognition of certificates, licences
and approvals on the basis of standardisation audits. Nothing however prevents
a JAA candidate member Authority from issuing a certificate, licence or approval on
the basis of a JAR even though it may not be mutually recognised by the JAA full
member Authorities.

Finally, the student should be aware that many JAA member states have not
accepted all JAR. In many cases, only parts of a particular JAR may be accepted or
approved. To this end National Authority requirements will remain in force until such
times as full acceptance of a JAR, i.e. BCAR in the UK . This will become clearer as
the course progresses. Where BCAR are particularly relevant the BCAR reference
has been added to the individual subject title line.

JAR 145 - General (Refer 145.1)

No aircraft when used for Commercial Air Transport may fly unless a certificate
of release to service has been issued by an organisation for maintenance
carried out on the aircraft or an aircraft component intended for fitment to
such an aircraft.

No organisation may certify for release to service an aircraft used for


Commercial Air Transport unless either approved or accepted in accordance
with this JAR-145.

Excepting an organisation working under the quality system of an approved JAR-145


maintenance organisation (or an organisation accepted in accordance with the JAR
145), no organisation may maintain such an aircraft unless:

(a) appropriately approved in accordance with this JAR-145 or

(b) accepted in accordance with the JAR 145. 10(c) alternative, or working
under the quality system of an appropriately approved or accepted
JAR-145 maintenance organisation.

NOTE: A JAR-145 approval is not required for the pre-flight


inspection.

No organisation may certify for release to service an aircraft component intended for
fitment to an aircraft used for Commercial Air Transport unless:

(1) either approved in accordance with this JAR-145 or

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(2) accepted in accordance with the JAR 145.10(c) alternative.

Excepting an organisation working under the quality system of an approved JAR-145


maintenance organisation (or an organisation accepted in accordance with the JAR
145), no organisation may maintain such an aircraft component unless:

(1) appropriately approved in accordance with this JAR-145 or

(2) accepted in accordance with the JAR 145.10(c) alternative, or

(3) working under the quality system of an appropriately approved or accepted


JAR-145 maintenance organisation.

A maintenance organisation approval may be granted for maintenance activity


varying from that for an aircraft component to that for a complete aircraft or any
combination thereof.

An organisation working under the quality system of either an appropriately approved


JAR-145 maintenance organisation or an organisation accepted in accordance with
the JAR 145.10(c) alternative, is limited to the work scope permitted by JAR 145
procedures. It may not carry out a base maintenance check of an aircraft or a
complete workshop maintenance check or overhaul of an engine or engine
module.

JAR 145 - Effectivity

JAR-145 was first issued on 30 July 1991 and became effective on 1 January
1992 with the exception of JAR 145.1 which became effective as follows:

(1) Organisations that carry out base maintenance and certify release to service
of aeroplanes/airships above 5700 KG maximum certificated take off weight
must be in compliance with JAR 145.1 after 30 June 1994

(2) Organisations that carry out line maintenance and certify release to service of
aeroplanes/airships above 5700 KG maximum certificated take off weight
must be in compliance with JAR 145.1 after 30 September 1994.

(3) Organisations that carry out maintenance and certify release to service of
engines must be in compliance with JAR 145.1 after 30 September 1994.

(4) Organisations that carry out maintenance and certify release to service of
aeroplanes/airships up to and including 5700 KG maximum certificated take
off weight and/or helicopters of any weight must be in compliance with JAR
145.1 after 31 December 1994.

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(5) Organisations that carry out maintenance and certify release to service of
aircraft components, other than complete engines, auxiliary power units and
specialised services must be in compliance with JAR 145.1 after 31
December 1994.

A JAR-145 Approval may be issued by the JAA full member Authority prior to
the above dates.

Any aircraft or aircraft component that is required to be maintained in


accordance with the above schedule may, until that time, be maintained by
either:

(1) an organisation approved or accepted in accordance with JAR-145 or

(2) an organisation approved in accordance with national legislation in


force prior to the above dates or

(3) by a combination of both.

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JAR 145 - Definitions (See IEM 145.5)

For the purpose of JAR-145 the following definitions shall apply:

'Accountable manager' means the manager who has corporate authority for
ensuring that all maintenance required by the aircraft operator can be financed and
carried out to the standard required by the JAA full member Authority. The
accountable manager may delegate in writing to another person in the organisation,
such person then becoming the accountable manager for the purpose of this JAR-
145.

'Approved data' means any information necessary to ensure that the aircraft or
aircraft component can be maintained in a condition such that airworthiness of the
aircraft, or serviceability of operational and emergency equipment as appropriate, is
assured.

'Certifying staff means those personnel who are authorised by the approved
maintenance organisation in accordance with a procedure acceptable to the [JAA full
member] Authority to certify aircraft or aircraft components for release to service.

'Commercial Air Transport' means the carriage of Passengers/Cargo/Mail for


remuneration.

'Human Factors' means principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification,


training, operations and maintenance and which seeks safe interface between the
human and other system components by proper consideration of human
performance.

'Maintenance' means any one or combination of overhaul, repair, inspection,


replacement, modification or defect rectification of an aircraft/aircraft component.

'Modification' means the alteration of an aircraft/aircraft component in conformity


with an approved standard.

'Overhaul' means the restoration of an aircraft/aircraft component by inspection and


replacement in conformity with an approved standard to extend the operational life.

'Pre-flight inspection' means the inspection carried out before flight to ensure that
the aircraft is fit for the intended flight. It does not include defect rectification.

'Repair' means the restoration of an aircraft/aircraft component to a serviceable


condition in conformity with an approved standard,

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JAR 145 - Applicability (See AMC & IEM 145.10)

JAR 145 prescribes the requirements for issuing approvals to organisations,


for the maintenance of aircraft and aircraft components and prescribes the
general operating rules for approved maintenance organisations. The
approval, when granted, will apply to the whole organisation headed by the
accountable manager.

An organisations, which is located, in whole or in part, within the territories of the


Joint Aviation Authorities full Member States, will be granted approval in respect of
any such location within those territories when in compliance with this JAR-145.

An organisation which is located, in whole or in part, outside the territories of the


Joint Aviation Authorities full member States, will only be granted approval in respect
of a location outside the JAA full member Authority states, if the JAA is satisfied that
there is a need for an approval so as to maintain aircraft/aircraft components.

Alternatively, the JAA full member Authority may accept such an organisation on the
basis of an approval granted by a non-JAA Authority. This will be subject to the
organisation being in compliance with published JAA maintenance special conditions
thus ensuring equivalence to JAR-145. The alternative accepted organisation may
be required to show a need before being accepted.

JAR 145 - Application and Issue


(Refer to 145.15 & AMC 145.15 Also AWN 14 Paragraph 11)

An application for maintenance organisation approval or for the amendment of an


existing maintenance organisation approval shall be made on a form and in a
manner prescribed by the JAA full member Authority. It is submitted with the
required number of copies of the maintenance organisation's exposition or
amendments as applicable.

An applicant who meets the requirements of this JAR-145 and has paid any charges
prescribed by the JAA full member Authority is entitled to a maintenance organisation
approval.

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JAR 145 - Extent of Approval (Refer to 145.20 & IEM 145.20)

The issue of an approval certificate to the organisation indicates the grant of


approval by the JAA full member Authority. The approval certificate will specify
the extent of approval. The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation's
exposition must specify the scope of work deemed to constitute approval.

JAR 145 - Facility Requirements (Refer to 145.25 & AMC 145.25)

Facilities must be provided appropriate for all planned work, ensuring in particular,
protection from the weather elements. Specialised workshops and bays must be
segregated as appropriate, to ensure that environmental and work area
contamination is unlikely to occur.

Office accommodation must be provided appropriate for the management of planned


work including in particular, the management of quality, planning and technical
records.

The working environment must be appropriate for the task carried out and in
particular special requirements observed. Unless otherwise dictated by the
particular task environment, the working, environment must be such that the
effectiveness of personnel is not impaired.

Secure storage facilities must be provided for aircraft components, equipment,


tools and material.

Storage conditions must ensure segregation of serviceable aircraft components


and material from unserviceable aircraft components, material, equipment and
tools.

Stores Procedures are discussed later in this chapter.

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JAR 145 - Personnel Requirements (Refer 145.30 & AMC 145.30)

A senior person or group of persons acceptable to the JAA full member Authority
must be nominated to ensure that the approved maintenance organisation is in
compliance with JAR-145 requirements. Such person(s) must ultimately be directly
responsible to the accountable manager, who must also be acceptable to the JAA full
member Authority.

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must employ sufficient personnel


to plan, perform, supervise and inspect the work in accordance with the approval.

The competence of personnel involved in maintenance must be established in


accordance with a procedure and to a standard acceptable to the JAA full member
Authority.

In addition to the above paragraph certifying staff must meet the qualification
requirements specified in JAR-66 and receive initial and continuation training in
accordance with an acceptable programme.

Until formal adoption of JAR-66, certifying staff must, in respect of this sub-
paragraph, comply with the current national aviation regulations of the JAA country in
which the JAR-145 organisation is located. In the case of the UK, BCAR Section L.

AMC 145.30(a) Personnel Requirements Applicable to JAR 145.30

1. The person or persons nominated should represent the maintenance


management structure of the organisation and be responsible for all functions
specified in JAR-145. It therefore follows that, dependent upon the size of the
JAR-145 organisation, the JAR-145 functions may be subdivided under
individual managers (and in fact may be further subdivided) or combined in
any number of ways.

2. In essence however the JAR-145 organisation should have, dependent upon


the extent of approval, a base maintenance manager, a line maintenance
manager, a workshop manager and a quality manager, all of whom should
report to the accountable manager except in small JAR 145 organisations
where any one manager may also be the accountable manager, and subject
to JAA full member Authority acceptance, he may also be the line
maintenance manager or the workshop manager. Procedures should make
clear who deputises for any particular manager in the case of lengthy absence
of said manager(s). The length of absence to justify deputising is the period
beyond which the organisation cannot function properly due to such absence.

3. An outline example of an organisational structure is shown at Figure 4.3


overleaf.

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JAR - 145 Company


Accountable Manager

Engineering
Director

Quality
Aircraft Workshop
Manager
Maintenance Maintenance
Manager Manager

Quality Audit
Planning Planning Personnel
Personnel Personnel

Maintenance Maintenance
Tech Records
Personnel Personnel
Personnel

Aircraft Release Components


to Service Release to Service
Personnel Personnel

Outline Example of Organisational Structure Possible Under JAR 145


Figure 4.3

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3 The accountable manager is responsible for ensuring that all necessary resources
are available to accomplish maintenance in accordance with JAR 145.65(a) to
support the organisation's JAR-145 approval.

4 The base maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all maintenance
required to be carried out in the hangar, plus any defect rectification carried out
during base maintenance, is carried out to the design and quality standards specified
in JAR 145.65(a). The base maintenance manager is also responsible for any
corrective action resulting from the quality compliance monitoring of JAR 145.65(b).

5 The line maintenance manager is responsible for ensuring that all maintenance
required to be carried out on the line including line defect rectification is carried out to
the standards specified in JAR 145.65(a) and also responsible for any corrective
action resulting from the quality compliance monitoring of JAR 145.65(b).

6 The workshop manager is responsible for ensuring that all work on aircraft
components is carried out to the standards specified in JAR 145.65(a) and also
responsible for any corrective action resulting from the quality compliance monitoring
of JAR 145.65(b).

7 The quality manager is responsible for monitoring the organisation's compliance with
JAR-145 and requesting remedial action as necessary by the base maintenance
manager/ line maintenance manager/ workshop manager or the accountable
manager as appropriate.

8 [Notwithstanding the example sub-paragraphs 2 - 7 titles,] the organisation may


adopt any title for the foregoing managerial positions but should identify to the JAA
[full member Authority] the titles and persons chosen to carry out these functions.

9 Where a JAR-145 organisation chooses to appoint managers for all or any


combination of the identified JAR-145 functions because of the size of the
undertaking, it is necessary that these managers report ultimately through either the
base maintenance manager or line maintenance manager or workshop manager or
quality manager, as appropriate, to the accountable manager.

10 The JAA [full member Authority] therefore requires the managers specified above to
be identified and their credentials submitted on JAA Form Four to the JAA [full
member Authority]. To be accepted, such managers should have relevant knowledge
and satisfactory experience related to aircraft/aircraft component maintenance as
appropriate in accordance with the [relevant] national regulations of the JAA [full
member Authority granting the JAR-145 approval].

NOTE: Certifying staff may report to any of the managers specified depending upon
which type of control the JAR-1 45 approved maintenance organisation
uses (for example - licensed engineers/independent inspection/dual
function supervisors etc.) so long as the quality compliance monitoring staff
specified in JAR 145.65(b) remain independent of all.

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JAR 145 - Record of Certifying Staff (JAR 145.35 & AMC 145.35)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must maintain a record of all


certifying staff, which must include details of the scope of their authorisation.

Certifying staff must be provided with evidence of the scope of their authorisation.

AMC 145.35(b) - Record of Certifying Staff Applicable to JAR 145.35(b)

1. The authorisation document should be in a style that makes its scope clear to
certifying staff and any authorised person that may require to examine the document.
Where codes are used to define scope, an interpretation document should be readily
available.

2. Certifying staff are not required to carry the authorisation document at all times but
should produce it within a reasonable time of a request from an authorised person.
Authorised persons, apart from the organisation's quality department or maintenance
supervisors/managers, include the JAA full member Authority.

JAR 145 - Equipment, Tools and Material


( Refer to JAR 145.40 Also AWN 12 App 52)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must have the necessary equipment,


tools and material to perform the approved scope of work.

Where necessary, tools, equipment and particularly test equipment must be


controlled and calibrated to standards acceptable to the JAA full member Authority at
a frequency to ensure serviceability and accuracy. Records of such calibrations and
the standard used must be kept by the JAR-145 approved maintenance
organisation.

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JAR 145 - Approved Data (Refer to JAR 145.45 Also AWN 12 App 52)

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must hold and use applicable
current approved data in the performance of maintenance including modifications
and repairs.

Applicable means relevant to any aircraft, aircraft component or process specified in


the JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation's approval class rating schedule
and any associated capability list.

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation may only modify maintenance


instructions in accordance with a procedure specified in the maintenance
organisation's exposition where it can be shown that such modified maintenance
instruction results in equivalent or improved maintenance standards and subject to
the type certificate holder being informed. Maintenance instructions for the purpose
of this sub-paragraph mean an instruction on how to carry out the particular
maintenance task. The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation may not carry
out the engineering design of repairs and modifications under this sub-paragraph.

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must ensure that all applicable
approved data is readily available for use when required by maintenance personnel.

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must ensure that approved data
controlled by the organisation is kept up to date.

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JAR 145 - Certification of Maintenance


(Refer 145.50 & AMC 145.50 Also AWN 12 App 52 & 53)

A certificate of release to service must be issued by appropriately authorised


staff on behalf of the JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation when
satisfied that all required maintenance of the aircraft or aircraft component has been
properly carried out by the JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation in
accordance with the procedures specified in the JAR 145 maintenance organisations
exposition.

NOTE: An aircraft component, which has been maintained off the aircraft, requires
the issue of a certificate of release to service for such maintenance and
another certificate of release to service in regard to being installed properly
on the aircraft when such action occurs.

A certificate of release to service must contain basic details of the


maintenance carried out, the date such maintenance was completed and the
identity including approval reference of the JAR-145 approved maintenance
organisation and certifying staff issuing such a certificate.

JAR 145 - Maintenance Records (Refer to JAR 145.55)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must record all details of work


carried out in a form acceptable to the JAA full member Authority.

The approved maintenance organisation must provide a copy of each


certificate of release to service to the aircraft operator, together with a copy of
any specific approved data used for repairs/modifications carried out.

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must retain a copy of all detailed
maintenance records and any associated approved data for two years from the date
the aircraft or aircraft component to which the work relates was released from the
JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation.

NOTE: Where an aircraft operator contracts a JAR145 approved maintenance


organisation to keep the aircraft operator's certificates of release to service
and any associated [approved] data, the retention period will be that
required by JAR-OPS 1 (3) Subpart M and not that specified in JAR
145.55(c). Until [JAR-OPS 1(3) becomes fully effective, the JAR-1451
approved maintenance organisation must comply with the current national
aviation regulations of the [aircraft operator's Authority].

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JAR 145 - Reporting Of Unairworthy Conditions


(Refer JAR 145.60 & IEM 145.60)

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must report to the JAA full
member Authority and the aircraft type certificate holder, any condition of the aircraft
or aircraft component that could seriously hazard the aircraft.

Reports must be made on a form and in a manner prescribed by the JAA full
member Authority. It should contain all relevant information about the known
condition known.

Where a JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation is contracted by an operator


to carry out maintenance, the maintenance organisation must also report to the
operator any such condition affecting the operator's aircraft or aircraft components.

Reports must be made as soon as practicable but in any case within three days of
the approved maintenance organisation identifying the condition to which the report
relates.

JAR 145 - Maintenance Procedures and Quality System


(Refer 145.65 Also AWN 12 App 52)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must establish procedures to ensure


good maintenance practices and compliance with all relevant requirements in this
JAR-145. These should include a clear work order or contract, such that aircraft
and aircraft components may be released to service in accordance with JAR 145.

In addition, the JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must establish a quality


system including independent audits to monitor product standards, compliance with
and adequacy of procedures, to ensure good maintenance practices and airworthy
aircraft / aircraft components.

In the smallest organisations the independent audit part of the quality system may be
contracted to another JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation or a person with
proven satisfactory audit experience acceptable to the JAA full member Authority.

Note: AMC 145.65 (c) (1) sub para 4 states that an independent audit of all aspects
of JAR-145 compliance should be carried out at intervals not exceeding 12 months.

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JAR 145 / BCAR-A-8 - Maintenance Organisation Exposition


(Refer JAR 145.70, IEM 145.70 & Appendix 2)

This is a document that has to be submitted to the CAA as part of the application for
approval.It is a statement of an organisation's own interpretation of the Section A8 /
JAR 145 / BCAR-A-8 requirements within its own domestic environment. While an
organisation is allowed the utmost latitude to discharge its responsibilities, it must
nevertheless show that its practices adequately reflect the requirements, and that if
properly implemented will ensure that satisfactory levels of quality will not only be
achieved, but also maintained.

The exposition should contain the following information:

(1) A statement signed by the accountable manager authenticating the


maintenance organisations exposition. Any associated manuals must define
the maintenance organisation's compliance with JAR-145 and its compliance
with it at all times.

(2) The title(s) and name(s) of the senior person(s) accepted by the [JAA full
member] Authority in accordance with JAR 145.30(a).

(3) The duties and responsibilities of the senior person(s) specified in sub-
paragraph (2) including matters on which they may deal directly with the [JAA
full member] Authority on behalf of the JAR-145 approved maintenance
organisation.

(4) An organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility of the senior


person(s) specified in sub-paragraph (2).

(5) A list of certifying staff.

(6) A general description of manpower resources.

(7) A general description of the facilities located at each address specified in the
maintenance organisation's approval certificate.

(8) A specification of the maintenance organisations scope of work relevant to


the extent of approval.

(9) The 'notification procedure for JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation


changes.

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(10) The maintenance organisation exposition amendment procedure.

NOTE: Sub-paragraphs (1) to (10) inclusive constitutes the management


part of the maintenance organisation exposition.

(11) The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation's procedures and quality


system as required by - JAR 145

(12) A list of JAR-OPS operators, if appropriate, to which the maintenance


organisation provides an aircraft maintenance service.

(I3) A list of organisations, if appropriate, that are approved to maintain aircraft or


aircraft components as specified in JAR 145.75(b).

(14) A list of line stations, if appropriate. (145.75(d)).

(15) A list of contracted JAR-145 approved maintenance organisations if


appropriate.

(b) The information specified in subparagraphs (5) and (11) to (15)


inclusive, whilst a part of the maintenance organisation exposition, may
be kept as separate documents or on separate electronic data files.

(c) The JAA full member Authority must approve the maintenance
organisation exposition and any subsequent amendments.

A copy of the current KLM uk exposition lead sheet is shown at Figure 4.4,
with the KLM uk JAR 145 type organisational structure shown at Figure 4.5.
Figures 4.6 and 4.7 are also excerpts from the current Exposition document.

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Figure 4.4 Copy of Exposition Lead Sheet

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Figure 4.5 KLM uk Organisational / Management Chart

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Figure 4.6 KLM uk Norwich Engineering Declaration

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ANNEX B

KLM UK ENGINEERING BASE MAINTENANCE HANGAR DISPOSITION

Figure 4.7 KLM uk Norwich Base Maintenance Disposition

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JAR 145 - Privileges of the Approved Maintenance Organisation


(Refer 145.75)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation may only carry out the following
tasks as permitted by and in accordance with the JAR-145 approved maintenance
organisation exposition:

(a) Maintain any aircraft or aircraft component for which it is approved at the
locations identified in the approval certificate and/or in the maintenance
organisations exposition].

(b) Arrange for maintenance of any aircraft or aircraft component, within the
limitations of JAR 145, for which it is approved at another organisation that is
working under the quality system of the JAR-145 approved maintenance
organisation.

(c) Maintain any aircraft, or aircraft component for which it is approved at any
location. This is subject to the need for such maintenance arising either from
the unserviceability of the aircraft or from the necessity of supporting
occasional line maintenance and is itself subject to the conditions specified in
a procedure deemed acceptable to the JAA full member Authority. This
procedure must be included in the maintenance organisations exposition.

(d) Maintain any aircraft, or aircraft component, for which it is approved at a


location identified as a line maintenance location capable of supporting minor
maintenance. This is provided the maintenance organisation exposition both
permits such activity and lists such locations.

(e) Issue certificates of release to service in respect of paragraphs (a) to (d)


on completion of maintenance in accordance with JAR 145.50.

JAR 145 - Limitations on the Approved Maintenance Organisation


(Refer 145.80)

The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation may only maintain an aircraft or


aircraft component for which it is approved when all necessary facilities, equipment,
tooling material, approved data and certifying staff are available.

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JAR 145.85 Changes to the Approved Maintenance Organisation


(Refer 145.85)

A JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation must notify the JAA full member
Authority of any proposal to carry out any of the changes, listed below, before such
changes take place. This will enable the Authority to determine continued
compliance with this JAR145 and to amend, if necessary, the approval certificate. All
changes must be notified at the earliest opportunity.

(1) The name of the organisation.

(2) The location of the organisation.

(3) Additional locations of the organisation.

(4) The accountable manager.

(5) Any of the senior persons specified in paragraph JAR 145.30 (a).

(6) The facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope and
certifying staff that could affect the approval.

JAR 145 - Continued Validity of Approval (Refer 145.90)

Unless the approval has previously been surrendered, superseded, suspended,


revoked or expired by virtue of exceeding any expiry date that may be specified in
the approval certificate, the continued validity of approval is dependent upon the
following: -

(a) The JAR-145 approved maintenance organisation remaining in compliance


with JAR145

(b) The JAA full member Authority being granted access to the JAR-145
approved maintenance organisation to determine continued compliance with
this JAR-145

(c) The payment of any charges prescribed by the Authority. Failure to pay
entitles Authority to suspend, but does not automatically render the approval
invalid.

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JAR 145 - Equivalent Safety Case (Refer 145.95)

The JAA full member Authority may exempt an organisation from a requirement in
JAR-145 when satisfied that a situation exists not envisaged by a JAR-145
requirement. This will be subject to compliance with any supplementary condition(s)
the Authority considers necessary to ensure equivalent safety

The JAA full member Authority may accept an organisation from a requirement in
JAR-145 on an individual case by case permission basis only subject to compliance
with any supplementary condition(s) the Authority considers necessary to ensure
equivalent safety.

JAR 145 Revocation, Suspension, Limitation Or Refusal To Renew The JAR-


145 Approval Certificate (Refer 145.100 & IEM 145.100)

The JAA full member Authority, may, on reasonable grounds after due enquiry,
revoke, suspend, limit or refuse to renew the JAR-145 approval certificate if the
Authority is not satisfied that the holder of the approval certificate continues to meet
the requirements of JAR-145.

Before revoking, suspending, limiting- or refusing to renew a JAR-145 approval


certificate, the Authority must first give at least 28 days notice to the holder in writing
of its intention and the reasons for its proposal. It must offer the holder an
opportunity to make representations and the Authority will consider those
representations.

In the case where the Authority has determined that the safe operation of an aircraft
could be adversely affected it may in addition to the above sanctions, provisionally
suspend, in part or in whole, the JAR-145 approval certificate without prior notice.

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Approval of Organisations

When an approval has been granted (in the form of a 'Schedule of Approval'
document), it applies to the whole organisation with full responsibility vested in the
Chief Executive (BCAR Chap A8/) or an Accountable Manager (JAR 145),

An approval may be granted in more than one group. For example, organisations
concerned with inspection and maintenance of aircraft invariably have their own
overhaul shops, and so may be granted approval, in group B4 for example.

As with JAR 145, separate approvals maybe required where sections or divisions of
an organisation are autonomous, or where premises are at significantly different
geographical locations.

On grant of approval an organisation will receive 'Terms of Approval', and a C.A.A.


Organisation Approval number, which should be quoted on all relevant documents.

A firm having CAA approval is given an Authority Reference Number prefixed by the
following letters: -

(i) DAI/ for firms approved to BCAR Chapter A8-1 and also firms
approved to Chapter A8-8 with additional group(s) detailed in
BCAR Sub-section A8.

(ii) AD/ for firms approved to BCAR Chapter A8-8 only.

(iii) AMD/ for firms approved to BCAR Chapter A8-7 only.

(iv) AI/ for firms approved to Chapters A8-2 to Ag-6 (inclusive) of BCAR
Subsection A8.

Figures 4.9 and 4.10 show the Air UK ANO Approval Certificate and its associated
Schedule of Approval. Figures 4.11, 4.12 and 4.13 are copies of the JAA Approval
Certificates granted under JAR 145 procedures.

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Figure 4.9 KLM UK ANO Approval Certificate


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Figure 4.10 KLM UK ANO Schedule of Approval

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Figure 4.11 KLM UK JAR 145 Approval Certificate

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Figure 4.12 KLM UK JAR 145 Approval Schedule

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Figure 4.13 KLM UK JAR 145 Approval Schedule

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Supplementary Approvals and Ratings

These support the main activities of an organisation and may be applied for and
granted as appropriate. When granted, a revised 'Schedule of Approval' document is
issued. The approvals and ratings are as follows:

Control of Sub-contractors

This is required because some approved organisations may want to sub-contract


some of their work to ones that are not approved. The one holding the approval
must exercise quality control surveillance and has total responsibility for the final
product.

Control of Welders 'Approvals

Persons who weld parts which are essential to airworthiness of an aircraft must be
approved in accordance with requirements set out in Chapter A8-10 BCAR.

This approval therefore permits an approved organisation to approve its welders


after test samples of their work have been examined to the satisfaction of an
approved Test House. Control and recording of all subsequent 12 monthly
checks of welders is also the approved organisation's responsibility.

If a welder is employed by a non-approved organisation, the CAA will grant approval


after Test House examination.

Certification of Manuals and Amendments

This refers to Maintenance, Overhaul, and Repair Manuals produced by an approved


organisation, and the statement that has to be made in them declares that they
comply with the requirements of Chapters A5-3 and A7-4 of BCAR'S.

Control of Flights -'B' Conditions

Remember these conditions? This approval permits an organisation (normally only


in Group AI) to control such flights. The requirements are set out in Chapter A8-9.

Weighing of Aircraft and Compiling of Weight Schedules

Applicable particularly to Group 1 organisations and to operators of aircraft. Chapter


A5-4 sets out the requirements.

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Figure 4.8 CAA Class, Ratings and Limitations

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Airline Spares Transfer

This is a supplementary rating applicable to airlines operating commercially, under


an Air Operator's Certificate, (AOC) or JAR-OPS. Approval under JAR 145 is
covered under the Temporary Guidance leaflet 11.

The only spares eligible for transfer are those detailed in the main aircraft and
engine manufacturer's spare parts catalogues, and obtained from approved
sources. The Authorised Release Certificate, JAA Form 1 (Figure 14) or
equivalent for the spares must be appropriately endorsed. See Figures 4.15 and
4.16 for equivalent Authorised Release Certificates

Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) Form One. (Ref Awn 17)

The full title of this form is the Authorised Release Certificate / Airworthiness
Approval Tag / JAA Form One. It is used to certify that aircraft components (as
against standard parts) are manufactured / overhauled / inspected in accordance
with the appropriate national airworthiness regulations.

To define the difference between 'standard parts' and 'aircraft components', the
statement from
Para 3a is reproduced below:

3 Definitions For the purpose of this Airworthiness Notice the following


definitions apply:

(a) Aircraft Component means any new part of an aircraft including a complete
powerplant and any operational or emergency equipment.

Standard Parts are currently defined as those parts identified as such by the
Type Certificate (TC) holder or parts made to a national or international
specification, unless the part/parts are the subject of specific product
Approvals, such as TSO (Technical Standard Order) or CAA Equipment
Approval.

NOTE: (1) The definition and control of standard parts is currently under
review by the JAA.
(2) This notice does not apply to standard parts,although it is
recommended that such parts be accompanied by a statement of
comformity.

Note: That whilst the AWN advises that JAA Form 1 be used to certify 'aircraft
components'. 'standard parts' should be accompanied by a Certificate of
Conformity.

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Figure 4.14 JAA Form 1

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Radiographic and Ultrasonic Inspection of Aircraft

Organisations engaged in these areas of inspection must also hold CAA approval.
The specialised departments must be under the direction of persons who have
satisfied the CAA requirements in respect of experience, training, and examinations
prescribed in.

Chapter A8-11 in respect of radiographic inspections.


Chapter A8-12 in respect of ultrasonic inspections.
AWN 94

The CAA lays down the examination syllabus, but the Aeronautical Quality
Directorate (AQD) conducts the examinations.

The CAA, on being advised of results by the AQD, then advises the Chief Inspector
or Quality Control Manager of the organisation concerned.

These forms of non-destructive testing are concerned with the inspections, required
by approved manuals and maintenance schedules, the CAA document 'Mandatory
Modification and Inspections Summary' (MAMIS), and Foreign
Airworthiness Directives (FAD).

Inspections must be made in accordance with manufacturers' approved techniques,


or those laid down by an appropriately approved organisation, unless the CAA has
approved an alternative technique.

Extension Of Approvals

If, after the initial grant of approval, an organisation wishes to make a variation
involving additional activities in their existing approval group(s), new group(s), or
additional premises, an application to appropriately extend the approval has to be
submitted to the CAA.

A further investigation of the organisation is carried out in relation to the variations,


and if satisfactory, a revised Schedule of Approval is issued by the CAA.

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Supervision Of Approval

An approved organisation is normally supervised or audited by the CAA once each


year. The frequency of visits may, of course, be increased where discrepancies are
found.

In accordance with Article 71 of the ANO and BCAR A8-1 paragraph 4.8 and JAR
145.90, the CAA may revoke, suspend, or vary an approval granted to an
organisation if sufficient grounds are shown for doing so.

Record Of Approved Organisations (Cap 475)

This is maintained by the CAA, and the names, addresses, and approval reference
numbers of all organisations are given in a publication entitled 'CAA Approved
Organisations'.

Technical Standard Orders (TSO's)

Leaflet 11-1 Materials, Parts or Appliances Approved to USA Technical Standard


Orders (TSOs) Sub-Part 0 (Previously Issued as AD/IL/013871-2)

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this Leaflet is to advise all concerned of the


documentation required when supplying articles approved to FAR Part 21 for
installation on civil aircraft registered in the USA.

Notification has been received from the Federal Aviation Administration, Brussels,
that each article approved to FAR Part 21 exported to the United States of America
for use on US registered aircraft, must be accompanied by a Certificate of,
Airworthiness for Export to facilitate acceptance under FAR 21.502.

The FAA have agreed to accept the Approved Certificate issued by the manufacturer
provided the following information and certification are included on the completed
Approved Certificate:

(a) The article or articles, covered by each certificate must be identified by name
and model type designation, plus serial number.

(b) Reference should be made to the FAA design approval basis, i.e. FAA TSO-C,
authorisation letter reference and date.

(c) A certification that the article(s) covered conforms to the design approved by
the FAA and is/are in a condition for safe operations.

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The certification referred to in the paragraph above must be either incorporated into
the Approved Certificate or added to the existing form by using a rubber stamp. In
either case the wording must be as follows:

The undersigned CAA Approved Signatory certifies that the article or articles listed
hereon conforms to the design approved by FAA TSO-C authorisation letter dated
and is/ are in a condition for safe operation.

Signed......................................... Chief Inspector

Dated................. CAA Approval No

This document must be signed by the Chief Inspector or his authorised deputy

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Stores Procedures: (Ref BCAR Chap A8; CAAIP Leaflet 1-8 and JAR 145)

Objectives of Stores Procedure

1. To ensure that all materials, parts, components etc. used on aircraft are to the
correct specification, both individually and as a system.

2. To enable the history of any structurally or functionally important part of an


aircraft to be checked back to its basic raw material.

Approved Stores

It is the responsibility of the Chief Inspector, of an approved organisation, or the


Chief Store person of an approved stockist, to ensure that a suitable stores and
stores procedure is set up.

The stores must comprise:

a. Quarantine store
b. Bonded store
c. Adequate filing and recording system to record all incomings and outgoings.

NOTE: Throughout the "Store Procedures" part of this chapter, the term of
"Approved Certificate" will be taken as referring to one or more of the
following certificates, depending on the circumstances.

(a) Approved Certificate


(b) Authorised Release Certificate
(c) JAA Form One
(d) FAA Form 8130-3 (USA)
(e) TCA Form 24-0078 (Canada)

Figure 4.14 overleaf demonstrates the stores procedure.

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MANUFACTURER A2 SUPPLIER
CLEARS ON CRS AND B2 MATERIAL MFR
ISSUES-

ONE COPY TWO COPIES


OF CERTIFICATE APPROVED CERTIFICATE

COMPONENTS AND ONE


COPY OF THE APPROVED
CERTIFICATE

DELIVERY TO AN Cl MATERIAL DISTRIBUTOR


APROVED STORE OF AN AI PRIMARY COMPANY
APPROVED ORGANISATION B I OVERHAULER
MI MAINTENANCE
M3 ORGANISATIONS
JAR 145

QUARANTINE
STORE

APPROVED QUALITY
CERTIFICATE INSPECTION

BATCH
NUMBER
G/R 123456

STORES BONDED
FILE STORE

Figure 4.15 Approved Supply and Stores Procedure


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Quarantine Store

The place where all newly received parts and materials are held until it can be
proved that they:

a. conform to specification
b. bear evidence of previous inspection
c. are correctly identified
d. are free from damage

When this has been done, the items of store can be 'batched', enabling their identity
to be traced back to the incoming Approved Certificate/Release note.

A 'goods received' record is kept and when each consignment of goods is cleared, it
is given either:

a. batch number
b. code number
c. goods received number

In each case the number should appear in the 'Approval Record Book' in numerical
sequence, and beside it is recorded:

a. approval certificate number


b. date of receipt
c. name of despatching firm
d. details of item/material etc.
e. any other relevant information
f. signature of compiler of records

Any colour coding of materials etc. must be applied at this stage.

When an Approved Certificate has been accepted it:

a. is filed with the relevant documents


b. is retained for 5 years
c. must not be destroyed while parts/materials are held in store.

For major assemblies and components these certificates must not be destroyed
without the permission of the C.A. A.

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Bonded Store

Once goods have been proven in the Quarantine Store, they pass into the Bonded
Store, which must be completely separate.

No commercial parts or materials can be held in this store, i.e. Paints and oils
etc.

Modification states of components, assemblies etc. is recorded and 'disposal


instructions' and 'conditions of issue' supplied to the user concerned.

Shelf life items must be used in strict rotation.

Approved Certificates

To ensure compliance with CAA requirements, all goods released by an approved


organisation must be accompanied by an Approved Certificate that certifies that the
goods concerned conform to the specifications etc. that may apply.

They are signed by an approved signatory and must be held available for
examination upon application for renewal of a C of A.

All goods subjected to special processes must be released under the authority of an
'Approved Certificate'.

The wording used and form of certificate must be approved by the CAA (BCARS) or
JAA (JARs).

The organisations 'Approval Reference Number', allocated by the CAA, must be


clearly printed on the certificates.

Certificates must not be issued for defective or deficient goods.

Approved Certificates must always:

a. bear a printed serial number


b. be issued consecutively

Cancelled certificates must be clearly marked and one copy retained in the
filing system.

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The minimum distribution is 2, one held by the consignor and the original sent
to the consignee with the goods concerned, but often 3 are provided - the third
being a file copy - and these are often coloured differently.

Release Note

It is the responsibility of the user of aeronautical parts to satisfy themselves that the
stockist originally obtained the goods from the Approved source. The user may
obtain from the supplying company a 'release document' in the name of the
company, certifying that the goods concerned were obtained from a CAA approved
source.

This release note will normally be the Approved Certificate.

Release notes issued under defence contracts are not acceptable.

Component Despatch After Repair/Overhaul

Firms who make arrangements with other organisations for overhaul, repair etc., of
parts or components, must ensure that the inspection department of the consignor
has prepared suitable records to enable the verification of the basic integrity of these
items and permit their release under the cover of an Approved Certificate.

A serial numbered 'Advice Note' is raised by the consignors inspection department


containing all necessary information. It is endorsed:

"Certified that parts/components detailed above will, subject to satisfactory


overhaul repair/ rectification / modification and inspection, qualify for release
in accordance with the ANO and BCAR'S.

A label attached to the item bears the necessary identification with cross reference to
the appropriate Advice Note.

The Acceptance of New Aircraft Parts. AWN 17 Refers

It is the responsibility of user, obtaining parts from non-approved suppliers, to ensure


that:

(a) All parts are accompanied by a Certificate of Conformance, supported by


copies of the associated certification and technical documents.

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b) Where parts are of foreign origin, that they have been subjected to the
procedures prescribed by the appropriate authority of that country and any
special conditions imposed by the CAA.

(c) Parts are airworthy and conform to the modification and inspection standards
appropriate to the purpose for which they are going to be used.

The parts this applies to are those that affect the safety of aircraft.

For further information reference aircraft parts and support documentation see

AWN 19 The Problem Of Bogus Parts

Figure 4.16 is an example of Certificate of Conformity

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Figure 4.16 Certificate of Conformity

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STORAGE CONDITIONS (Ref. CAAIP Leaflet 1-8)

General

The correct handling of materials in transit and in storage is of extreme importance.


They must be protected from damage by chafing or contact with other materials, and
adequately supported to maintain the intended shape without strain.

Temperature and Relative Humidity

Stores premises must be clean, well ventilated and maintained at an even dry
temperature to minimise the effects of .Condensation. Temperature and humidity
should be checked at regular intervals.

Protective Materials for Storage Purposes

Vapour Phase Inhibitor. Stores articles made of ferrous metals may be protected
against corrosion by this method. VPI protects by its vapour, which envelopes any
article in an enclosed space and inhibits the corrosive action due to the presence of
moisture and oxygen. Paper and board treated with VPI are available for making up
containers in which to store articles. The procedures must be used only where
approved by the manufacturer of the article to be stored.

Protective Oils, Fluids and Compounds (CAAIP 1-8 paragraph 2.2)

Where approved by the manufacturer of an article, protection from corrosion may be


obtained as a temporary measure by the application of an oil, fluid or compound.
Subsequently the article should be inspected at intervals and handled as little as
possible.

Desiccants. These are substances that prevent corrosion by absorbing moisture


either inside a packaging container or component. Silica-gel and activated alumina
are the substances most commonly used for this purpose. Desiccants should be
inspected and / or renewed at specified periods or when an air-tight container has
been opened. Care must be taken to avoid introducing moisture into a dry container
when inspecting or renewing a desiccant. An indicating (tell-tale) type of desiccant is
used to give a visual indication of the moisture contents by its colour. Minimum
moisture is indicated when the crystals are deep blue. As moisture is absorbed
the colour becomes paler and at saturation is pink. Desiccants may be reactivated
by a simple heat treatment process to remove the moisture.

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Racks and Bins

Open racks allowing a free circulation of air are preferred. Painted metal bins are
more suitable than wooden types.

Rotation of Issue. Stock should be issued out in the same order as it is received into
stores, especially if the items are perishable.

Storage Limiting Period. Manufacturers sometimes impose a limit on the period for
which a unit may be stored. At the end of such a period the unit must be transferred
to the quarantine store pending checking or overhaul as recommended by the
manufacturer.

Flammable Materials. Materials that burn easily, such as dope, thinners and paint,
should be kept in a store isolated from the main building.

Segregation of Stock

Some materials need to be stored separately from others. Carboys of acid are an
obvious example, since escaping fumes may affect raw materials or finishing parts.
Phenolic plastics must be segregated from cadmium-plated steel parts to avoid
corrosion of the latter. Magnesium alloys must be stored away from flammable
materials.

A Carboy

Packaging of Stock

Magnesium fittings should not be kept in sacks, which have been known to cause
corrosion. Polished aluminium or bright steel fittings should be wrapped in paper
only if the paper is impregnated with sodium chromate.

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SELF ASSESSMENT

1. Where is the CAA Implementation Policy for JAR 145 to be found?

2. What is the purpose of the document known as the Exposition?

3. It is necessary for all organisations that come within the various Approval
Groups to submit an Exposition?

4. Which of the organisations would require a supplementary approval to carry


out flights under B conditions?

5. When an Approved organisation sub-contracts work to one which is not


approved, does the latter organisation have to obtain approval direct from the
CAA before undertaking the work?

6. Does the CAA grant approvals to welders in all cases?

7. For how long is a welders approval valid, and on what factors does it depend?

8. Who in an aircraft maintenance organisation accepts full responsibility?

9. Which aircraft must be maintained by a JAR 145 approved organisation?

10. Where are the standards laid down regarding the training and qualification
requirements of JAR 145?

11. What is the minimum experience requirement prior to the issue of a company
authorisation certification approval?

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