A THEORY OF TEN UNIVERSAL VALUES
Gregg Henriques Ph.D.
Oct 19, 2014
Matching ten universal values with the unified
approach.
I have been reading up a lot on values and theories
of values lately. One particularly interesting and
prominent theory is from Shalom Schwartz who
proposes that there are ten broad value domains that
are universal and fairly comprehensive. The values
he advocates for are as follows.
POWER: Social status and prestige, control or
dominance over people and resources
ACHIEVEMENT: Personal success through
demonstrating competence according to social
standards
HEDONISM: Pleasure or sensuous gratification for
oneself
STIMULATION: Excitement, novelty, and challenge
in life
SELF-DIRECTION: Independent thought and action
- choosing, creating, exploring
UNIVERSALISM: Understanding, appreciation,
tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people
and for nature
BENEVOLENCE: Preservation and enhancement of
the welfare of people with whom one is in frequent
personal contact
TRADITION: Respect, commitment, and acceptance
of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or
religion provide
CONFORMITY: Restraint of actions, inclinations, and
impulses likely to upset or harm others and violate
social expectations or norms
SECURITY: Safety, harmony, and stability of society,
of relationships, and of self
Schwartz argues that these values can be arranged
in the following visual way (this is called a
circumplex, and identifies even larger themes).
L thuyt v mi gi tr ph qut
Tin s Gregg Henriques
19 thng 10 nm 2014
Kt hp 10 gi tr ph qut vi cch tip cn thng
nht.
Thi gian gn y, ti c rt nhiu v cc gi tr
v l thuyt v cc gi tr. Mt l thuyt c bit th
v v ni bt l ca Shalom Schwartz, ngi
xut rng c mi lnh vc gi tr rng c tnh ph
qut v kh ton din. Cc gi tr ng ng h nh
sau.
QUYN LC: a v v uy tn x hi, kim sot hoc
thng tr con ngi v ngun lc
THNH TU: Thnh cng c nhn thng qua vic
th hin nng lc theo tiu chun x hi
LC TH: Nim vui hoc cm gic hi lng i vi
chnh mnh
KCH THCH: S phn khch, mi m, v thch thc
trong cuc sng
T CH O: T duy v hnh ng c lp - la
chn, sng to, khm ph
PH : Hiu, trn qu, khoan dung, v bo v li
ch ca tt c mi ngi v gii t nhin
NHN T: Bo ton v nng cao phc li ca
nhng ngi m ta thng c lin h c nhn
TRUYN THNG: Tn trng, cam kt, v chp nhn
cc phong tc tp qun v tng m vn ho
truyn thng hoc tn gio cung cp
TNG HP: Kim ch nhng hnh ng, khuynh
hng v ng lc c th gy kh chu hoc gy hi
cho ngi khc v vi phm cc k vng hoc tiu
chun x hi
AN NINH: An ton, hi ha, v n nh ca x hi,
ca cc mi quan h, v ca bn thn
Schwartz lp lun rng nhng gi tr ny c th
c sp xp theo cch trc quan sau y (c
gi l circumplex, v xc nh cc ch ln hn).
Source:

https://cdn.psychologytoday.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-article_inline_full/public/blogs/82191/2014/10/162380-167044.jpg?itok=qFt7siw0
xxx
One of my arguments is that, via the unified Mt trong cc lp lun ca ti l, thng qua cch tip
approach, we can work to assimilate and integrate cn thng nht, chng ta c th lm vic hp thu
various perspectives into a more coherent whole. v tch hp cc quan im khc nhau vo mt tng
Although I had heard of Schwartzs value theory, I th c kt cu mch lc hn. Mc d ti nghe ni
had never spent much time with it. But I think that v l thuyt gi tr ca Schwartz, nhng ti cha bao
some benefit can be looking at Schwartzs value gi dnh nhiu thi gian vi n. Tuy nhin, ti ngh
theory through the lens of the unified approach. rng c th c li khi xem xt l thuyt gi tr ca
Schwartz qua cc lng knh ca cch tip cn thng
nht.

Lets first consider the values theory from the
vantage point of Behavioral Investment Theory. BIT
considers the nervous system an investment value
system, shaped by evolution and individual
experience. The experience of pleasure and pain are
considered to be building blocks of conscious
experience that orient animals toward the good and
away from the bad.
Trc ht, hy xem xt l thuyt gi tr t im mu
cht ca L thuyt u t hnh vi (BIT). BIT coi h
thn kinh nh l "h thng gi tr u t", c nh
hnh bi s tin ha v kinh nghim c nhn. Tri
nghim v khoi lc v au n c coi l nhng
thnh phn kin to ca tri nghim c thc m
nh hng ng vt hng ti "ci tt" v trnh xa
"ci xu".

https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/theory-knowledge/201410/theory-ten-universal-values