Callista Roy

-Adaptation Model
- OPEN system theory
-Biopsychosocial being
(Social being is like some other man)
- Believed that by adaptation, a person can
maintain homeostasis
-theoROYtical
(Theoretical body of knowledge that
prescribes analysis and action to care for an ill
person)
- WHOLE AND INTEGRATED Person

Dorothea Orem
- Self-Care Deficit theory
(Helping or assistive profession to person who
are wholly or partly dependent or when people
who are to give care to them are no longer
available)
- (H): SOUNDNESS and WHOLENESS of
developed human structure and of bodily
and mental functioning
Betty Neuman
-Health Care System Model
-Intra, Inter & Extra Stressors
(Eliminating these stressors to obtain a
maximum level of wellness)
- PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND
TERTIARY prevention modes.

Virginia Henderson
- NATURE/ DEFINITION OF NURSING
theory
-14 basic needs
- Nursing roles as:
Substitutive: Doing everything for the client;
Supplementary: Helping the client; and
Complementary: Working with the client.

Madeleine Leininger
- Transcultural Theory
- CUD I Lie In There
o CENTRAL,UNIFYING,DOMINANT DOMAIN
Swanson
- 5 Caring Processes
o Knowing
o Being with
o Doing for
o Enabling
o Maintaining belief

Jean Watson
- Theory of Human Caring
(Caring expands the limits of openness and
allows access to higher human spirit)

Myra Levine
- Conservation Model
- Unity and Integrity of an individual
- Principles:
o Energy
o Structural Integrity
o Personal Integrity
o Social Integrity
Dorothy Johnson
- Behavioral System
- (7) Subsystems I-E-A-A-D-A-S
(Man adjusts or adapts to stressors by a
using a learned pattern of response)

Ernistine Weidenbach
- Helping Art of Clinical Nursing
(Identifying a patients need for help)

Erickson,Tomlin,Swain
- Modeling and Role Modeling theory
(Nurses to care for and nurture each client
with an awareness of and respect for the
individuals uniqueness)

Boykin,Schoenhofer
- GRAND THEORY
- all men are caring
- caring is a moral imperative
Joyce Travelbee
- Human to Human Relationship
- Interpersonal Theory
(Nursing is to assist the individual and all
people that affects this individual to cope with
illness, recover and find meaning to this
experience.)

Martha Rogers
- Holistic Theory
- Composed of 2 systems:
SUB (cells, tissues, organs and system)
SUPRA (family, community and society)
- HEALTH and WELLNESS is subjective
depending on the definition of ones
culture

Kohlberg
- Morality is based on MUTUAL TRUST
Florence Nightingale
- Born: Florence, Italy @ May 12, 1820
- Studied/Train in Germany
- Practiced in England
Peter
- Morality is based on PRINCIPLES
- Morality has 3 components:
Emotions or how one feels;
Judgement or how one reasons;
Behavior or how one actuates his emotions
and judgement.

Schulman&Mekler
- 2 components that makes an action
MORAL :
o intention = good & Act = just

Westerhoff
- Faith as a behavior that continuously
develops through time/ experience
Fowler
- Faith a FORCE that gives a meaning
to a persons life

Dunn
- High level wellness
(Ability of an individual to maximize his full
potential with the limitations imposed by his
environment & can be healthy or ill in both favorable
and unfavorable environment)
- Wellness Illness Continuum

Bernard
- Maintain and Internal Milieu and Illness
is the failure to maintain the internal
environment.
Becker
- Health Belief Model
- Belief of an individual greatly affects his behavior
- If a man believes that he is susceptible to an illness,
He will alter his behavior in order to prevent its
occurrence.
DEMOGRAPHIC : Age, sex, race etc.
SOCIOPSYCHOLOGIC :Social & Peer
influence.
STRUCTURAL : Knowledge about the disease
and prior contact with it and
CUES TO ACTION : Which are the sign and
symptoms of the disease or advice from friends,
mass media and others that forces or makes the
individual seek help
Case Method
(Total Patient Care)
- One nurse is assigned to one patient (1:1)
- Method use by nursing students
- Critical or isolation units
- Many nurses but few patients

FunctionalNursing
- Task oriented (task expertise and efficiency)
- Work fast
- Many patients but few nurses
- Fragmented nursing care

Primary Nursing
- 24 hours responsibility
- Secondary Nurse (Receive Next Shift)
Intuitive Period
- TREPHINING

ApprenticePeriod
- No formal educational institution for
nurses
- The emergence of religious orders and the
practice of nursing
- When Fliedner build the first formal school
for nurses, it marked the end of the
APPRENTICESHIP period.

Dark Period
- Protestantism emerged with Martin Luther
questions the Pope and Christianity

Iloilo Mission Hospital

School of Nursing
First School of Nursing in the Philippines
Started in 1906
Now, was transferred at Central Philippine
University
AnastaciaGironTupas
- First Filipino Chief nurse and
Superintendent
- Philippine General Hospital School of
Nursing
- Founder of PNA
- Dean of Philippine Nursing.
- Founded on September 2, 1922 as (FNA)
in a meeting of 150 nurses, the FNA was
incorporated in 1924.

PNA
- First President: Rosario Montenegro
- Old: Board resolution No. 1955
Promulgated by the BON
- New: Board resolution is No. 220 series of
2004 aka Nursing Code Of Ethics
- A nurse should be a member of an
accredited professional organization which
is the PNA.
-
Walter Cannon
- Theory of Health
- FEEDBACK Mechanism that regulates our
Homeostasis

Imogene King
- Goal Attainment Theory
- Life cycle and Illness

Leddy and Pepper

- Wellness is subjective perception of
BALANCE, HARMONY and VITALITY

. Leavell and Clark

- Ecologic model of health and illness or the
AGENT-HOST-ENVIRONMENT model
- AGENT or the factor the leads to illness
- HOST are persons that may or may not be affected
by these agents
- ENVIRONMENT are factors external to the host that
may or may not predispose him to the AGENT
Paterson&Zderad
- HUMANISTIC NURSING PRACTICE theory

Benner & Wrubel

- PRIMACY OF CARING MODEL.

Smith
5 models of health

Clinical model
o people experience sign and symptoms
o Health is the absence of clinical sign and
symptoms of a disease
Role performance model
o healthy person does his role and activities
without deficits
Adaptive Model
o healthy person adapts well with his
environment
Eudaemonistic
o Actualization of a persons fullest potential.