Guest Post by Gary Gilligan

Denver Dust Bowl

Gary Gilligan: Extraterrestrial Sands

Posted on April 28, 2016by malagabay

Gary Gilligan confronts facts the mainstream prefers to ignore and asks questions the
mainstream really dont want to answer.
In 2007 he asked: Why did the Egyptians depict the Sun as a red disk?

It matters little where Res symbol is found. Whether used as part of the sacred
hieroglyphs or as a pictorial image, Res most basic form consisted of a simple red disk
which was sometimes dressed with wings, cows horns, plumes or cobras. Yet the Sun
is a blinding, golden light. As Egypt has one of the sunniest climates in the world, the
Sun would have shone on ancient Egyptians with monotonous regularity.

Why did the Egyptians depict the blinding yellow Sun as a red disk which is a lifeless
image by comparison?

Ask a child to paint the Sun and they will paint a yellow circle with yellow rays.

Why didnt the Egyptians portray the Sun as it appeared a bright yellow disk with
rays?

Available from: Troubador UK, Amazon UK, Amazon US

In 2009 he asked: Where did the Sahara sand come from?
Sand is the result of finely weathered and eroded rock. It takes tens of thousands, if not
millions, of years for exposed rock to weather into sand. The longer this erosion takes
place, the finer the grains. The sand in the Sahara is some of the oldest on the planet; it
is believed to have existed for seven million years (Source; Fearless Planet, Discovery
Science). Some of the sand dunes are rich in iron ore. The impurities stain quartz
particles, which accounts for their yellow colour.

Where did the Sahara sand come from?

It did not exist 6,000 years ago.

Experts are proposing that the vast oceans of sand formed in less than 3,000 years.
This is impossible because Saharan sand is some of the oldest on the planet and took
millions of years to form.
Available from: Troubador UK, Amazon UK, Amazon US
Two days ago Gary Gilligan asked: How does sand get its colour?

We ask the same basic question posed above; how does seeping groundwater (no
matter what it consists of) manage to create such defined layers of bleached white
sand the same time as creating interceding layers of red/brown/tan?

Considering how some of the laminae are only a few inches thick, again this has to be
impossible seeping fluids cannot be so discriminate.

Could there be an alternative explanation for the origin of sand and how it got its
colour?
Fifty Shades of Sand
Today, Gary Gilligan provides answers in his brand new book Extraterrestrial
Sands and in the following exclusive introduction written especially for Malagabay.
Extraterrestrial Sands
The theory states that the once earth-like planet Mars (God of War) entered into
hundreds of catastrophic close encounters with earth during historical times. During
these encounters an incandescent molten Mars internally convulsed and ejected
immeasurable quantities of vaporised rock, volatiles, dust and debris out into space
a natural consequence of planetary upheaval. Vast swaths of rock vapour fell to earth
(along with tons of other rock forming sedimentary material) where it condensed out
of the atmosphere as tiny quartz and feldspar grains.

In other words, it rained sand!

Earth has been subjected to a number of catastrophic sand (and debris) accretion
events in the past few thousand years and the evidence is obvious for all to see. It
reaches us in the form of Earths sandy deserts, beaches, dune fields and sandstone
deposits.

The size and composition of the sand was dictated by the composition and density of
ablated material falling to earth. The colour derived from the precipitation out of an
atmosphere heavily laden with moisture and oxide dust (still falling to earth, origin
Mars) which contributed to hazing the Sun red as recorded by the ancient Egyptians.
As the grains crystallised they acted as a nucleus for water droplets (raindrops)
analogous to meteor dust providing nuclei for Noctilucent Clouds formation or dust in
air acting as condensation nuclei for raindrops. By way of an electroplating process,
clay and oxide nanoparticles comprising the water vapour adhered (were electrically
attracted to) to the recently formed sand grains. This fundamental process lies at the
heart of how sand grains gained their coatings and by extension their colour.

As with grain formation, there are many variables to consider here: atmospheric
moisture content, fluctuating levels of oxides and clays, adhesion rates, temperature,
wind, etc. All this, and more, played a part in determining the variety of colours seen
throughout our sandy deserts and sandstone deposits.
Post-depositional processes have of course played, and continue to play a part here.
The most obvious example would be the fluctuating moisture content in the
atmosphere further reddening already oxidised sands as seen in some of the deep red
dunes of the Namib. And of course the wind, which has shaped dunes into enormous
piles of sand, abrading the grains in the process to produce an iron-rich mineral dust.

In short, the Namib Desert, like so many others sandy deserts (Sahara, Arabian), are
recent extraterrestrial deposits they lie roughly where they fell (the Namib probably
fell on both land and sea, only to be washed ashore).

There is no need to invoke impossible geological processes to explain the colour dune
sand appears pristine and relatively uniform in size and colour as a result of recently
falling from the sky like rain.

Available from: Troubador UK, Amazon UK, Amazon US

This graphic shows results of the first analysis of Martian soil by the Chemistry and
Mineralogy (CheMin) experiment on NASAs Curiosity rover.
The image reveals the presence of crystalline feldspar, pyroxenes and olivine
mixed with some amorphous (non-crystalline) material.

By directing an X-ray beam at a sample and recording how X-rays are scattered by
the sample at an atomic level, the instrument can definitively identify and quantify
minerals on Mars for the first time.
Each mineral has a unique pattern of rings, or fingerprint, revealing its presence.

The colors in the graphic represent the intensity of the X-rays, with red being the most
intense.

http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA16217
A team of researchers at Britains Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science,
University of Leeds, with assistance from Australian Matthew Woodhouse of
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization has found
that feldspar minerals play a far larger role in ice formation in clouds than
has been realized.

Prior research has shown that they make up on average just 3 percent of the dust
found in clouds, which has led scientists to conclude that they play a minor role in ice
formation.
In this new effort, the researchers found just the opposite to be true.
Lab Study Indicates Feldspar Dominates Ice Nucleation in Clouds with Mix of Water
and Ice Bob Yirka 13 June 2013 Phys.org
http://phys.org/news/2013-06-lab-feldspar-dominates-ice-nucleation.html

Feldspars (KAlSi3O8 NaAlSi3O8 CaAl2Si2O8) are a group of rock-forming

tectosilicate minerals that make up as much as 60% of the Earths crust.
Feldspars crystallize from magma as veins in both intrusive and extrusive
igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock.
Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite.

Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldspar
Quartz is the most important sand-forming mineral and occurs in very many
sand types but usually not exclusively.
See: http://www.sandatlas.org/quartz-sand/
Quartz is the second-most-abundant mineral in Earths continental crust,
after feldspar.
Its crystal structure is a continuous framework of SiO4 siliconoxygen tetrahedra,
with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical
formula of SiO2.

Quartz is a defining constituent of granite and other felsic igneous rocks.

It is very common in sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and shale and is also
present in variable amounts as an accessory mineral in most carbonate rocks.

It is a common constituent of schist, gneiss, quartzite and other metamorphic rocks.

Quartz has the lowest potential for weathering in the Goldich dissolution series and
consequently it is very common as a residual mineral in stream sediments and
residual soils.

While the majority of quartz crystallizes from molten magma, much quartz also
chemically precipitates from hot hydrothermal veins as gangue, sometimes with ore
minerals like gold, silver and copper. Large crystals of quartz are found in magmatic
pegmatites.

Well-formed crystals may reach several meters in length and weigh hundreds of
kilograms.

The largest documented single crystal of quartz was found near Itapore, Goiaz, Brazil;
it measured approximately 6.11.51.5 m and weighed more than 44 tonnes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz
For more information please visit your preferred book store and Garys web
site:http://www.gks.uk.com
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Guest Post by Gary Gilligan

 Denver Dust Bowl
One Response to Gary Gilligan: Extraterrestrial Sands

1. Louis Hissink says:

April 28, 2016 at 01:01

Australian Aboriginals have a story/dreamtime that relates red rain etc. So the redness
is essentially Martian in origin.

However the usage of the term felspar is very problematical. Quartz is specific SiO2,
but felspar? It has a range of compostions related to the chemisttry of the rocks its found
in. You get white felspar, anortholase with gradations to orthoclase felspar which is
reddish in colour, and in between. So when someone says Loess is made of quartz and
felspar, they havent said much apart from being specific about quartz. But which felspar
in the loess? Calcic or sodic etc. This problem is widespread.
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