Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Waveforms
Single-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier
Performance Parameters
Efficiency,
= Pdc/Pac
Effective (rms) value of the ac component
of the output voltage, Vac
Vac = Vrms2 Vdc2
Form factor, FF
FF = Vrms/Vdc
Ripple factor, RF
RF = Vac/Vdc
Performance Parameters (continued)
V dc
Displacement angle,
Displacement Factor, DF
DF = cos()
Harmonic Factor, HF
1
2
I I 2
I 2
1
HF ( ) ( ) 1
s s1 2 s 2
I I
2
s1 s1
Performance Parameters (continued)
Power Factor, PF
VI I
PF cos cos
s s1 s1
VI s s
I s
Performance Parameters (continued)
Crest Factor, CF
I
CF s ( peak )
I s
Example 3.1
1 T
V
This image cannot currently be displayed.
dc
v L
(t )dt
T 0
T
1 2
V dc
V m
sin tdt
T 0
V T
V (cos
dc
1) m
T 2
1
f
T
2 f
V
V
dc
m
0.318V m
V 0.318V
I
dc
dc m
R R
Determine the rms Voltage, Vrms
1
1 T
2
V v (t )dt
2
rms
1 2
2
V (V sin t ) dt
2
T rms
0
m
V
V 0.5V rms
m
m
2
V 0.5V
I rms
rms m
R R
Determine Pdc, Pac, and
(0.318V ) 2
P
dc
m
R
(0.5V ) 2
P
ac
m
R
(0.318V ) 2
40.5%
m
(0.5V ) m
2
Determine FF and RF
V 0.5V
FF rms m
V
This image cannot currently be displayed.
0.318V
dc m
FF 1.57 157%
R F FF 1 2
1 T
V 2
V (V sin t ) dt 0.707V
2 m
s
T 0 m
2
m
0.5V
I I
s load
m
R
(0.318V ) m
2
P R
T UF dc
VI 0.5V
(0.707V )(
s s ) m
m
R
T UF 0.286
Determine the PIV
- - PIV +
+
Determine CF
I s ( peak )
This image cannot currently be displayed.
CF
Is
Vm
I s ( peak )
R
0.5Vm
Is
This image cannot currently be displayed.
R
Vm
CF R 2
0.5Vm
R
Determine PF
Pac
PF cos
VA
2
(0.5Vm )
PF R 0.707
0.5Vm
(0.707Vm )( )
R
Summary Half-Wave Rectifier
RF=121% High
Efficiency = 40.5 Low
TUF = 0.286 Low
1/TUF = 3.496
transformer must be 3.496 times larger than
when using a pure ac voltage source
Half-Wave Rectifier with R-L Load
Waveforms of Current and Voltage
Vm
Vdc cos t 0
2
Vm
Vdc 1 cos( )
2
Vdc
I dc
R
Increase average voltage and current by making = 0
Waveforms with Dm installed
Application as a Battery Charger
Center-Tapped Transformer
Waveforms for the Full-Wave Rectifier
T
2
2
Vdc Vm sin t
T 0
2Vm
Vdc
Vdc 0.636Vm
Single-Phase Full-Wave Rectifier
PIV = 2Vm
Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
Waveforms for the Full-Wave Bridge
Full-Wave Bridge with Waveforms
Conduction pattern
D1 D2 D3 D4
PIV = Vm