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Section 4.8 Homework-sarang gujar https://xlitemprod.pearsoncmg.
com/api/v1/print/math
Student: sarang gujar Instructor: Amanda Whisenant

Assignment: Section 4.8 Homework
Date: 6/20/17 Course: Calculus 1 Summer 1 2017
1. Give a geometric explanation of Newton's method.
Choose the correct answer below.
A. Newton's method generates a sequence of y-intercepts of lines tangent to the graph of f(x) to
approximate the roots of f(x).
B. Newton's method generates the x-intercept of a single line tangent to the graph of f(x) to find the roots
of f(x).
C. Newton's method generates a sequence of x-intercepts of lines that intersect the graph of f(x) to
D. Newton's method generates a sequence of x-intercepts of lines tangent to the graph of f(x) to
2. Write the formula for Newton's method and use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .
f(x) = x2 + 2x 3, x0 = 2
Write the formula for Newton's method for the given function. Choose the correct answer below.
xn 2 + 2 xn 3
A. x
n + 1 = xn + 2 xn + 2
xn 2 + 2 xn 3
B. x
n + 1 = xn 2 xn + 2
xn 2 + 2 xn 3
C. xn + 1 = xn
xn 2 3
2 xn + 2
D. xn + 1 = xn
xn 2 + 2 xn 3
Use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .
x1 =
(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to three decimal places as needed.)
x2 =
(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to three decimal places as needed.)
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Section 4.8 Homework-sarang gujar https://xlitemprod.pearsoncmg.com/api/v1/print/math
3. Write the formula for Newton's method and use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .
x
f(x) = 5 14x, x0 = ln (3)
Write the formula for Newton's method for the given function. Choose the correct answer below.
xn
5 14
A. xn + 1 = xn xn
5 14xn
xn
5 14xn
B. x
n + 1 = xn + xn
5 14
xn
5 14xn
C. x
n + 1 = xn xn
5 14
xn
5 + 14xn
D. x
n + 1 = xn + xn
5 + 14
Use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .
x1 =
(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to six decimal places as needed.)
x2 =
(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to six decimal places as needed.)
4. Use a calculator or program to compute the first 10 iterations of Newton's method when they are applied to the following
function with the given initial approximation.
f(x) = x2 10; x0 = 4
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
(Round to six decimal places as needed.)
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5. Use a calculator or program to compute the first 10 iterations of Newton's method for the given function and initial
approximation.
f(x) = 3 tan x 7x, x0 = 1.5
Complete the table.

k xk k xk
1 6
2 7
3 8
4 9
5 10
6. Use Newton's method to approximate all the intersection points of the given pair of curves. Graph the functions to help
choose a good initial approximation.
8x
y = 5 sin x and y =
3
First, graph the functions on a single graph. Choose the correct answer below.
A. B. C. D.
Use the graph to approximate the x-value(s) at which the functions intersect. Select all that apply.
A. 2 B. 5 C. 2
D. 1 E. 5 F. 4
G. 1 H. 0 I. 4
Use Newton's method with the initial estimate(s) from the previous step to estimate the intersection point(s) of the functions.
The graphs intersect when x .

(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to six decimal places as needed. Use a comma to separate answers as
needed.)
3 of 12 20/06/17, 4:18 PM
1
y= and y = 81 25x2
x
A. B. C. D.
Use the graph to approximate the x-value(s) at which the functions intersect. Select all that apply.
A. 1.01 B. 2.8 C. 0.01

D. 0.8 E. 1.8 F. 1.8
G. 0.8 H. 2.8 I. 1.01
Use Newton's method with the initial estimate(s) from the previous step to estimate the intersection point(s) of the functions.
The graphs intersect when x .

needed.)
y = 49 x and y = x2 + 3
A. B. C. D.
Use the graph from the previous step to find an initial approximation for the point(s) where the functions intersect. Then use
Newton's method to estimate the intersection point(s) of the functions. Choose the correct answer below and, if necessary,
fill in the answer box within your choice.
A. The graphs intersect when x = .

(Do not round until the final answer. Then round to six decimal places as needed. Use a comma to
separate answers as needed.)
B. The graphs do not intersect.
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9. cos x
Where is the first local minimum of f(x) = on the interval (0, ) located?
x
cos x
The first local minimum of (x) = occurs at x .
x
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10. Use Newton's method to find an approximate answer to the following question.
6 5
Where are the inflection points of f(x) = x 6x4 13x3 + 63x2 + 1 located?
5
Let x0 = 0.5. Complete the table below using Newton's method.
k xk
0
1
2
3
4
5
Now let x0 = 4. Complete the table below using Newton's method.
k xk
0
1
2
3
4
5
k xk
0
1
2
3
4
5
Continue applying Newton's method to the given values of x0 as needed.
The inflection points are located at x .

(Round to six decimal places as needed. Use a comma to separate answers as needed.)
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11. Determine whether the statements in parts (a) through (c) are true and give an explanation or counterexample.
a. Newton's method is an example of a numerical method for approximating the roots of a function. Choose the best
response below.
A. False. Newton's method is a geometrical method for approximating the roots of a function.
B. True. Newton's method is a procedure using constants and variables that will always approximate the
roots of a function.
C. False. Newton's method is a theorem for the gravitational interaction between two objects.
D. True. Newton's method is a procedure using constants and variables in order to approximate the roots
of a function.
b. Newton's method gives a better approximation to the roots of a quadratic equation than the quadratic formula. Choose
the best response below.
A. False. For certain quadratic equations, the quadratic formula will not converge to a root while Newton's
method will converge.
B. False. The quadratic formula gives the exact roots of an equation, while Newton's method only gives
approximations.
C. True. Newton's method gives the exact roots of an equation, while the quadratic formula only gives
approximations.
D. True. If enough steps of Newton's method are used, the results are better approximations to the roots
of a quadratic equation than the quadratic formula.
c. Newton's method always finds an approximate root of a function. Choose the best response below.
A. 8x2
False. If the initial approximation x0 = 0.15 is used to find the root of , Newton's method will not
3x2 + 1
converge to the root x = 0.
B. True. If enough steps of Newton's method are used, the successive approximations always converge to
a root of a function.
C. True. Because Newton's method is only striving to achieve an approximation of the root of a function
and never the true answer, Newton's method will never fail in finding an approximation.
D. 8x2
False. If the initial approximation x0 = 1.1 is used to find the root of , Newton's method will not
3x2 + 1
converge to the root x = 0.
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12. An important question about many functions concerns the existence and location of fixed points. A fixed point of f is a
value of x that satisfies the equation f(x) = x; it corresponds to a point at which the graph of f intersects the line y = x. Find
all the fixed points of the following function. Use preliminary analysis and graphing to determine good initial
approximations.
x3
f(x) = +1
11
Let x0 = 0.00001. Complete the table below using Newton's method.
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
The fixed points of f(x) are at x .

(Use a comma to separate answers as needed. Round to six decimal places as needed.)
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13. An important question about many functions concerns the existence and location of fixed points. A fixed point of f is a
value of x that satisfies the equation f(x) = x; it corresponds to a point at which the graph of f intersects the line y = x. Find
all the fixed points of the following function. Use preliminary analysis and graphing to determine good initial
approximations.
f(x) = 22x cos x on [0,2]
Let x0 = 0. Complete the table below using Newton's method.
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
Let x0 = 1. Complete the table below using Newton's method.
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
The fixed points of f(x) are at x .

(Use a comma to separate answers as needed. Round to six decimal places as needed.)
14. Find all the roots of the given function. Use preliminary analysis and graphing to find good initial approximations.
f(x) = cos (5x) 8x2 + 9x
The function has a root when x .

needed.)
15. Find all the roots of the given function. Use preliminary analysis and graphing to find good initial approximations.
x+3
f(x) = x
5
The function has a root(s) at x .

needed.)
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16. Approximate the root of f(x) = x9 at x = 0 using Newton's method with an initial approximation of x = 0.5. Make a table
0
showing the first 10 approximations, the error in these approximations (which is xn 0 = xn ), and the residual of these
approximations (which is f xn ). Comment on the relative size of the errors and the residuals, and give an explanation.
Complete the table below, using scientific notation rounded to five decimal places for the residuals. Round all other values
to six decimal places.
k xk Error Residual k xk Error Residual
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
(Use the multiplication symbol in the math palette as needed.)
Comment on the relative size of the errors and the residuals, and give an explanation. Choose the correct response below.
A. The errors are high while the residuals are low because a large change in x causes a small change in
f(x).
B. The errors are low while the residuals are high because it takes a large change in x to cause the
approximation residual to converge to 0.
C. The errors and residuals are both low because Newton's method is able to quickly converge to the root
due to the exponent.
D. The errors and residuals are both high because Newton's method is failing for this function.
10 of 12 20/06/17, 4:18 PM
17. To approximate the reciprocal of a number a without using division, we can apply Newton's method to the function
1
f(x) = a. Complete parts a and b.
x
a. Verify that Newton's method gives the formula xn + 1 = 2 axn xn .
f xn
Recall that the formula for Newton's method is xn + 1 = xn . First find the derivative of the function.
f xn
f (x ) =
Input the known expressions into the formula for Newton's method.
xn + 1 = (Do not simplify.)
Simplify on the right side.
xn + 1 = (Type your answer in factored form.)
b. Apply Newton's method with a = 19 using the starting value x0 = 0.001. Complete the table below using Newton's
method.
k xk k xk
0 6
1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5
(Round to eight decimal places as needed.)
Compute an approximation with eight digits of accuracy.
What number does Newton's method approximate in this case?
(Type an exact answer in simplified form. Type an integer or a fraction.)
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18. The displacement of a particular object as it bounces vertically up and down on a spring is
given by y(t) = 2.1 t cos 2t, where the initial displacement is y(0) = 2.1 and
y = 0 corresponds to the rest position (see figure). Complete parts a through d below.
a. Find the time at which the object first passes the rest position, y = 0.
The object first passes y = 0 at t .

b. Find the time and the displacement when the object reaches its lowest point.
The object reaches its lowest point is at t and has a displacement of approximately .
(Round to five decimal places as needed.)
c. Find the time at which the object passes the rest position for the second time.
The object passes y = 0 for the second time at t .

d. Find the time and the displacement when the object reaches its high point for the second time.
The object reaches its high point for the second time at t and has a displacement of approximately
19. A certain kind of differential equation leads to the root-finding problem tan ( ) = , where the roots are called
eigenvalues. Find the first three positive eigenvalues of this problem.
The first eigenvalue occurs at x .

(Simplify your answer. Round to five decimal places as needed.)
The second eigenvalue occurs at x .

The third eigenvalue occurs at x .

12 of 12 20/06/17, 4:18 PM

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Section 4.8 Homework-sarang gujar https://xlitemprod.pearsoncmg.

Student: sarang gujar Instructor: Amanda Whisenant

1. Give a geometric explanation of Newton's method.

Choose the correct answer below.

Use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .

Use the given initial approximation to compute the approximations x1 and x2 .

f(x) = 3 tan x 7x, x0 = 1.5

Complete the table.

The graphs intersect when x .

A. 1.01 B. 2.8 C. 0.01

The graphs intersect when x .

A. The graphs intersect when x = .

Let x0 = 0.5. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Now let x0 = 4. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Now let x0 = 2. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Continue applying Newton's method to the given values of x0 as needed.

The inflection points are located at x .

Let x0 = 0.00001. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Now let x0 = 5. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Now let x0 = 5. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Continue applying Newton's method to the given values of x0 as needed.

The fixed points of f(x) are at x .

f(x) = 22x cos x on [0,2]

Let x0 = 0. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Let x0 = 1. Complete the table below using Newton's method.

Continue applying Newton's method to the given values of x0 as needed.

The fixed points of f(x) are at x .

f(x) = cos (5x) 8x2 + 9x

The function has a root when x .

The function has a root(s) at x .

k xk Error Residual k xk Error Residual

a. Verify that Newton's method gives the formula xn + 1 = 2 axn xn .

xn + 1 = (Do not simplify.)

Simplify on the right side.

xn + 1 = (Type your answer in factored form.)

Compute an approximation with eight digits of accuracy.

What number does Newton's method approximate in this case?

(Type an exact answer in simplified form. Type an integer or a fraction.)

The object first passes y = 0 at t .

The object passes y = 0 for the second time at t .

The first eigenvalue occurs at x .

The second eigenvalue occurs at x .

The third eigenvalue occurs at x .

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