Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, an early 19th century
German Thinker is well known as one of the most
influential minds to have ever incarnated on earth. Most of modernity still bites off his ideas and even a distortion of his concepts can cause revolutions in history. I am referring to Karl Marx who mis-interpreted the transcendental aspect of his teachings and created an embodied physical version of it leading to the dialectical materialism thesis which ultimately culminated in the birth of Communism. Hegel is a notoriously complex thinker and it is not surprising that even great minds like Bertrand Russell expressed utter disregard for him. Hegel is not a Thinker in the traditional sense we understand thinkers to be. Humanity is still polarized in the astral or emotional body and so thinking for us is still outward oriented, in the world of form. Form is essentially about linearity, whether in time or space. One can create non-linear forms only within the given parameters of the linear system defined by three dimensions. This domination of geometry in outer life also confines our thinking to linear topologies. Thus the most impeccable logic we use, is also linear in nature and so is our thinking. Only in advanced mathematics right now are we able to transcend this iron-grip of linearity. One of the most promising areas of math, Reimannian Geometry is a field which disproves many classical axioms of Euclidian Geometry which has defined our way of thinking for two thousand years. To be sure, this knowledge has helped mankind in getting control of outer reality. But every controlled element in time becomes a controller and today we find ourselves unable to shake off this obsession with linearity, whether in thought or life. Partly this has to do with our medium of language which is based on a subject/object dichotomy embedded in linear time. Language constrains us by its very structure to speak of events embedded in time. This is the reason why great Philosophers always have to redesign language to express their ideas. They have to invent new terms simply because the culture does not have linguistic expressions to enrobe the idea which wants to come in existence through the thinker. The best evidence for this is the publication of Glossaries of great thinkers like Hegel and Kant which are simply specific dictionaries to explain meanings of certain terms used by these great minds.Hegel wrote an extra-ordinary amount of deep, obscure philosophy most of which remains unread even by scholars till date and worse, is even rejected as being deficient of any value. It is the aim of this small tract to explain something of the profound esoteric relevance of Hegel and the need for a radical change in perspective when trying to understand Hegel in his own right.
Hegel wrote his first book, The Phenomenology of Spirit in
1807 followed by his great masterpiece The Science of Logic in 1812. While the Phenomenology has been discussed to no end by his followers, the Logic remains untouched largely even after two centuries with signs of revival coming in the last decade. Its useful to understand the goal Hegel set himself while writing these majestic texts. Hegel came of age in the great philosophic age of German Idealism which changed the texture of human thought forever. Through Kant, Fichte, Schelling and Hegel, this movement gave the world, its most abstract and far reaching philosophies ever. While not all of it is worth gold, Hegel and Kant have stood the test of time. To understand where Hegel is going with his philosophy, it is important to know where he is coming from. Kant inaugurated the age of Epistemology in Philosophy which revolutionized the direction of philosophical thought forever. In esoteric terms, He was the first thinker to investigate the mechanics of the human mind and how it works while forming thoughts. This is not the same as the modern science of neuroscience which also investigates the mind but through the exterior brain and its workings. Kant wanted to understand theapriorinature of mental constructs, meaning those thoughts and conditions which make outward cognition possible. In simpler words, are there certain unique elements in our thought constructs which do NOT depend on outer reality and in-fact make, cognition of outer events possible ? So if I am looking at a tree and interpreting it to be tree, is there something in my mental body without which I can never complete this interpretation of this outer object to be a tree ? In a stupendous feat of deep philosophy, Kant showed that there indeed are such objects in our minds, which not only do not depend for their existence on the outer world of form, but in fact, are necessary if we are to live and interpret our external reality. These objects, he called Categories. Quality, Quantity, Modality etc are a few of these categories. Its a herculean task to follow the complex logic involved in the deduction of these categories in a section of the Critique of Pure Reason called the Transcendental Deduction. At the end of it, one can be convinced that these objects which we ordinarily use in everyday speech are not elements of speech which are inherently out there in everyday objects of interaction. The human mind actually projects these categories into outer reality. This is already a huge step in the evolution of human awareness as it gives a big blow to the materialists who speak of realities independent of the human consciousness. This is a much more larger debate to which I wont get into right now. But Kant gave the first indication that the mental realms of humans have certain original elements which support embodied existence. In esoteric sciences and yoga, it is well known that man has many cloaks, progressively subtle in which he lives called Koshas. He also has many bodies which he inhabits called Sariras. The outer cloak is Sthula Sarira, the subtle body, Sukshma Sarira and the causal body, Karana Sarira. Only when one is highly advanced in yoga, can the seeker access these bodies independently of the physical body. Until then, we live unconsciously in these bodies. Many secrets of dreams and deep sleep are contained in the science of these bodies. Kant, in a way was giving the first logical evidence of the existence of the subtle bodies of thought in every human being. He is not always interpreted in this way but that is only because the West has not come to understand the yogic implications of his Philosophy. This mis-understanding goes back to the beginning of the Christian ages where the initiatic Wisdom of the Greeks was disparaged and its sages, forgotten. Plato spoke eloquently of the existence of Higher realities which he called the realm of pure forms or ideas which is responsible for everything down below. Being an initiate, he must have journeyed to these realms in his meditative states. There are clear hints in his writings that he cannot speak of many things being under oath, a classic requirement of any student who wants to access the deeper Mysteries. Kant, then can be considered a partial revealer of the existence of the mental plane. Now these Categories which he spoke of are not everything in this plane. In fact, these are a very small aspect of that level of reality. It just happens to be one which a majority of human beings are able to access unconsciously. These are the thought forms which run our daily businesses and livelihood. Kant did not derive the existence of these Categories from anything more fundamental but took the existing Aristotelian categories and derived their logical justification.
In a more fundamental way, Kant began a movement
which showed humanity, the limits of thought itself. He defined the boundaries in which thought can operate and what it can achieve. Though the boundaries have been breached in a way since then, but the fact that a boundary exists, is no more in doubt. We can only know so much in a mental framework in a logical sense, no matter how sophisticated our thinking may be. One of the things we can never know is what Kant called the Thing- in-itself. Keeping the philosophical implications involved in the terminology aside, Kant was referring to the background or root-consciousness of all phenomena. The phraseology of Kant is simply a result of a philosophical belief of the independent existence of the things independent of the human consciousness. Any self- realized human will immediately recognize the fallacy of such a philosophy but in essential terms, Kant was reaching the limits of a subject/object oriented philosophy. He called this root, the Transcendental Apperception. In Yogic terms, Vedanta will call this Brahman, and Kashmiri Shaivites will call it ParamaSiva though they are not exactly the same thing. The first Critique has essentially given man, the best description of what can be known by us in a logical sense. Beyond these, whatever we can know, there will not be a clear logical (and linear) elucidation in that understanding. This is not to mean that we can never realize higher knowledge, just that it may not a cut-and-dried logical structure which we are so used to. Now Hegel came to fruition after Kant and his whole philosophy is an elaboration and refinement, along with a widening of the Kantian canvas. Hegel was deeply indebted to Kant for his transcendental deduction and sought to expand of this. Since the categories of Kant were arbitrarily taken from Aristotle, Hegel did not consider them authentic and absolute. There were many other categories, and since Hegel was a systemic and ambitious thinker, He wanted to encapsulate entire reality in the Thought plane, not just the usual categories of the mental plane which Kant explicated. This encapsulation is traditionally called Metaphysics, or Ontology which is the study of Being. Such Metaphysical structures exist in Eastern Philosophy as well as Western. Platos Timaeus and Parmenides is the best example of such an exposition. In the eastern religions, Kashmiri Shaivism has probably the most detailed cosmology of beings, starting from Parasiva, through Mahamantreswaras, Mantreshwaras, Trimurties of Rudra, Vishnu Brahma to our physical planet Earth. Such exist in the Yogachara tradition of Buddhism also with 33 levels of reality above earth. Any metaphysical structure will have ascending and descending levels of reality described in language with an exposition of the function and apparently necessary connection between these levels. Whereas the functional aspect can be well described, the necessary aspect is very difficult to capture in words. Now we come to a very delicate distinction between metaphysics and logic. A logical delineation will have precise understanding of the necessary aspect of relations between two or more objects under investigation. The question of necessity is an extremely complex one since it involves at its essence, the physics and structure of being. And since the human intellect has understood physics at only the material level, we are not trained by our space-time embodiment to understand the necessary aspect of realities which are non-physical. This fundamental difficulty is the reason why all cosmologies have many contradictions in them. Some functional aspect of reality will be described and then one can find many flaws in the rational structure of that ontological structure. Its not the problem of the reality itself but the limited nature of the medium through which it is being expressed. Thus the description of the functions is always given in all religions but their mode of working is always absent. This gives rise to many questions which have no real answer like How does non-being enter into being ? or How can the divine be immanent but yet transcendent ? These are metaphysical conclusions that are being sought to be drawn from essentially epistemological premises which have also not been understood well. Traditional Indian metaphysical speculation has always been restricted to ontology and not epistemology beyond a limited realm. Its the western mind which gave birth to epistemology. Thus Hegel wanted to convert Metaphysics to Logic since he understood that all we have is the Mind and as far as metaphysical knowledge is concerned, we can go as far as our Mind will take us. Beyond that, Knowing is of no use as the faculties of understanding beyond that do not involve any knower and the known. This insight was well known to the Sages of India who always spoke of the ultimate where the Knower becomes the Known and sought to silence the mind so that the Clear Light can dawn in the mind. The Light in itself not a mental power but rather a transcendent Divine light which many times, cannot even be understood in the limited brain. These kind of realizations led to mystics who tried to speak of what they have realized but their mental apparatus was deficient which led to outright contradictions and fallacies from the normal point of view. It requires a very sharp intellect which was not the order of the day back then. The intellect or Manas has developed tremendously since then and today we are in a position to delve into much deeper abstractions than before. In a way, human psychology is the best we have come to understand logic at a non-physical level but even here, there are dark mysteries involved which is why Carl Jung is such a reviled figure in mainstream psychology today. He understood the psyche better than anyone but he was too difficult for most people.
Going beyond the emotional body, we come to the mental
realm where in mathematics, we have an understanding of logical systems but all these are artificially constructed systems. defined by axioms of our own choosing under which all subsequent results follow. All such systems are essentially structures of thought created by Man in the mental plane. They dont describe the structure of the mental plane itself. They are like little buildings in a land which has its own parameters. Understanding the building is easy but how to understand the system which makes the building possible ? Kant was giving certain hints about the systemic parameters and Hegel wanted to go further. Understanding the logical aspect of Metaphysics means that one has to understand the LAWS of the mental plane itself. The laws which make all thought possible. These laws will not have the same features of the usual logic because the mental plane is not a system of fixed linear realities. We can of course construct a linear system in it to correspond to our outer-reality but as one goes deeper into thinking out the parameters of thought itself, one encounters more and more abstraction and rarified domains. There are concrete and abstract levels of the mental plane as esoteric philosophy describes. The abstract levels give rise to the ideas which are eventually cloaked in more concrete thought structures which can be implemented in the outer world. But thought essentially takes birth in the abstract levels of the mental plane. Abstraction is today sometimes considered useless because it has no use in daily life. But who is to say that daily life is the only life in which one can live ? In the esoteric structure of reality, everything down here has its impulse in the high domains of abstraction and in truth, even beyond the abstract mental plane itself in realms of Pure Will. But since we are interested here in Hegel, we will restrict ourselves to the abstract mental plane. Hegel wanted to understand the realms of abstract mind in its purity. That means, he wanted to realize the laws of the high mental planes where Creation takes its first subtle steps. In yoga, such a realm is called Mahat, or the Universal Mind. There are great beings who reside in these realms called the Sons of the Mind or Kumaras. In Puranas, the stories of such beings are said in metaphorical language through Brahma who produced four young beings from his mind called the four Sanats. He asked them to procreate and they refused as they considered matter to be too impure. They came to fulfill the plans of the Most High and could not carry out the Creators bidding. The esoteric secrets of this will be described elsewhere but the essence is that the Universal Mind is populated by great beings who perform the Divine function of encasing Will in Thought. Siva in the Indian myths is the Lord of Will who created Universes by his Will. But this Will is realizable only in very high realms of reality. By the time, it reaches us poor mortals, It has been encased first in abstract, then in concrete thoughts and eventually given an admixture of impure ego and self-gratification to be manifested in physical reality. Thus proceeds the world Plan. Now encasing Divine Will in abstract thoughts in the Divine Mind is a function about which we should dread even thinking, for such is the High Office of Divinity and its tremendous might, which is why only profound beings do this job. But Hegel wanted to understand the mechanics of such a work. What are the laws by which the Divine Plan is encased in Thoughts ? What are the logical necessities by which thoughts at such a High plane operate ? The assumption that there must be Logic even at these planes is a valid one else we will accuse the Divine of being without Reason. It is a different matter that we are unable to comprehend the Reason which speaks to only a question of capacity of human minds and nothing about the inherent absence of such a Rational structure. Now the abstract mental plane is the first station of Maya beyond which lies the Buddhic or Divine Intuitive planes. These are realms beyond the highest reaches of the Mind where Truth in its Wholeness resides. Writing about such a realm in language is not possible for reasons involving the linear and temporal aspect of language described earlier. But suffice to say, Sages who have realized this level of reality speak of Identification with truth rather than Knowledge. They speak of Knowing and Being becoming fused together. In ordinary language, here is where the Nirvanic Planes begin or the Samadhis of Yogis start happening. Being beyond the reach of Mind, here causation and hence, Necessity as we understand stops having having any relevance. The work of the Sons of the Mind essentially involves serving as a Channel to convert the Non-Sequential Will into an initial form of Sequentiality. We have no idea as to how this is done but Hegel wants to take our mind at the very edges of such a level of Reality. He wants to show how the Divine Mind operates, how Will is brought down into Thought and enrobed in ordinary ideas which will proceed into Manifestation. This is never more clear as in his profound statement at the beginning of the Science of Logic, This is the Mind of God before he enters into Creation. The scholars of today, being bereft of any true wisdom have tended to neglect this statement in favor of more material interpretations but in Esoteric Circles, such a statement has absolutely profound relevance. Some problems immediately appear at the very outset of such a project like Hegel has. He has to re-design the very structure of his language and convert it into a Whole-istic form if a Totality which is non-temporal has to be encased in a structure embedded in time. Thus we find repeated mentions of the Circularity and Totality of this Thesis in the Logic. He has to constantly maintain a delicate balance between the onward pull of linear thought and the circularity of the whole. Its like doing abstruse gymnastics in pure Thought where the force comes from the inherent pull of language and the High responsibility of faithful depiction of the inherently non-linear Idea which seeks to be encased in words. Its a world where one has to have two mental feet, one sunk in the words immediately being read and the other waiting to grasp the opposite which is lurking behind the words and this constant to and fro will keep the mind from running away with any one-sided conclusions from his Philosophy. As Hegel said, The True is the Whole. Also, while reading Hegel, one has to be very careful what implications are entering our mind when we read his words because such implications are wholly external to the Idea which is being expressed. This is why Hegel called the Logic, a pre- supposition less philosophy. One cannot assume anything in his Logic
It is very difficult to understand Hegel from the point of
view of normal thought because his is not a normal Way of Thinking. One of the great mysteries of Hegels life has been his involvement in Esoteric Circles like the Rosicrucian Order. Books are coming out (Hegel and the Hermetic Traditionby Glenn Alexander Magee) which for the first time are shedding lights on the sources of his insights because there is no doubt that Hegel was an accomplished Yogi of the highest order and his Philosophy was a result of individual realizations. Only a mystic who has himself risen to such levels of realization can authentically comment on the Truth of Hegels philosophy.Franklin Merrel-Wolfewas an an American Yogi and philosopher who achieved self-realization in 1936 and wrote some profound texts on his experiences after that. In one of his lectures, he speaks of arriving at a level of reality where his relative or subject/object mind was set aside as a mere witness whereas his consciousness took on a infinite realm where whenever he tried to posit something about that realm, the opposite of that something entered his relative consciousness. Thus he says, he knew where Hegel had been. Now these are matters of deep yogic Truths and none but them may judge each other. Now there are of-course deficiencies in Hegel which are but the result of the final exposition in language for the perfect philosophy has never been written. But there has never been any better understanding of these Divine Beings who Hegel seeks to bring into the human realm.
We close with a matter of deep esoteric import of the
existence of these Divine beings of Mind. In the Secret Doctrine of H.P. Blavatsky, these beings are called Agnishwattas, Sons of the Mind who arrived from Venus around 18 million years ago. Popular Science as well as Esoteric Science understands that man learned to think much later in his evolutionary journey. More specifically, conceptualization was a step in evolution which brought about radical changes in the rate of adaptability and dominance of the outer world. What Science does not yet understand is that this power of conceptualization was the result of certain beings of a high evolution who arrived on earth to embed the mental and conceptual plane in the consciousness of the earth which till then could not think as we do today. They had senses and instinct but no mind, mostly like animals who can sense but not think. The reason behind the arrival of these great beings concerns a great Planetary Crisis where a Great Divinity had to send a Cosmic SOS for help after which Help arrived in the form of these Beings of Mind. Thus Thought as we know it today is a Gift in the Literal sense of the word and not some matter driven evolution. If it was truly that, we would be sunk in much more darker mess than we are today. Hegel and the German Idealists was the Divine movement where in a way, they were trying to comprehend these Beings and by seeking to understand The Science of Logic, we too can attempt this majestic task. Now it is an esoteric truth that thoughts are things, and not just things, they are beings. Thinking is not some private activity done in the privacy of our minds. Thinking is a movement of a very complex order which involves forces beyond our understanding right now. As one widens his sphere of thoughts, he come in contact with grander beings. At the Highest, he contacts the creators of Thought itself. Thus was Philosophy considered a way to Self Realization in Ancient Greece. All Thoughts are Beings trying to come into Manifestation, this is an esoteric truth. In Yoga, this truth is said as Devas who reside in us, eat with us and help us. Hegel gives us the Divine Mind which will come into reality someday too. By understanding it in its Essence, we are being enabled to rise in consciousness to meet these profound Beings.