TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

Rev. 04 Date 01/06/2011

MacGridTM WG
BI-AXIAL WOVEN POLYESTER GEOGRID

Product Description
MacGridTM is a geogrid for soil reinforcement, made from high molecular weight, high tenacity polyester multifilament
yarns. The yarns are woven on tension in machine direction and finished with a polymeric coating. MacGrid TM ge-
ogrids are engineered to be mechanically and chemically durable and resistant to biological degradation.

Product Properties Code Unit WG 2S WG 3S WG 4S WG 5S WG 7S WG 10S

Physical Properties
Aperture Size - MD 20% mm 25 25 25 25 25 25
Aperture Size - CD 20% mm 25 25 25 25 25 25
PET Yarns Properties
Carboxyl End Group (CEG) GRI GG7 mmol/kg 30 30 30 30 30 30
Molecular Weight GRI GG8 Mn 25000 25000 25000 25000 25000 25000

Mechanical Index Properties

ASTM
Tensile Strength ,Tult - MD min kN/m 20 30 40 50 70 100
D6637
ASTM
Tensile Strength ,Tult - CD min kN/m 20 30 40 50 70 100
D6637
ASTM
Elongation - MD at Tult % 10 10 10 10 10 11
D6637
Tensile Strength at 5% Strain- ASTM
kN/m 10 15 20 25 35 40
MD min D6637

Long-Term Design Properties

LTDS (114 yrs), Tallow1 kN/m 12 18 24 30 41 59

Dimensional Characteristics
Length m 50 50 50 50 50 50
Width m 4 4 4 4 4 4
Area m2 200 200 200 200 200 200

1. According to FHWA NHI-00-043, Tallow = Tult / RF ; RF = RFCR x RFID x RFD

For the optimization and improvement process of the technical characteristics of the products, the pro-
ducer reserves the right to modify the standard and characteristics of the product without any warning.
The information contained herein is to the best of our knowledge accurate, but since the circumstances
and conditions in which it may be used are beyond our control, we do not accept any liability for any loss
or damage, however arising, which results directly or indirectly from the use of such information nor do
we offer any warranty or immunity against patent infringement.

Maccaferri Asia
Unit 3A-11, Block B, Phileo Damansara 1,
No. 9 Jalan 16/11, Off Jalan Damansara,
46350 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Tel: (60-3) 7957 8330 Fax: (60-3) 7957 9080 BVQI Certified Quality System Company with
Email: regional_hq@maccaferri-asia.com UKASs Accreditation
Long term design strength properties of Mac GridTM
The MacGridTM are made from synthetic polymers, there-
fore, the creep behavior, ultraviolet, microbes, and chemi-
cal aggressions can significantly affect the durability of
materials. The long-term stress of geogrids is a critical
issue for the reinforced structure design. The reduction
factors for the long-term durability are taken account in
many relevant material test codes. Reduction factors for
geogrids are obtained from tests, which are described in
FHWA NHI-00-043 Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls
and Reinforced Soil Slopes Design and Construction
Guidelines. The long term design strength is derived as
the follows.
Tallow Tult / RF
RF RFCR RFID RFD
Where,
Tallow = allowable tensile strength
Reduction Factor of Creep
As the material under a constant load, the strength will gradually
decay due to the changes of the molecular structure. The relevant
tests should be conducted to understand the creep behavior of ge-
ogrids and extrapolate the reduction factors for different service life.
The following test data are representative for the MacGrid TM.
The most design codes suggest using the conventional creep test
(ASTM D5262). However, it takes time to conduct the conventional
creep test, the data are more reliable for the test period with in 10
years. Geosynthetics Research Institute (GRI) also suggest to use
the accelerated creep test, Step Isothermal Method (SIM), which
applies increased temperature to change the molecular structure
and extrapolate the reduction factors for 75 years and 114 years
service life. Recently, the SIM test is presented in ASTM D6992-03
and GRI GS10. The creep reduction factor of MacGrid TM is deter-
mined using ASTM D5262, D6992 to obtain RF=1.43 at 114 years
design life. (See Fig. 2).
250

Tult = Ultimate tensile strength

RF = Reduction factor MacGridTM
WG 40

RFID = Reduction factor for installation damage WG 60

WG 80
200
RFCR = Reduction factor for creep WG 100
WG 150

RFD = Reduction factor for durability degradation WG 200

Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS, Tult) Tensile Strength, kN/m

The UTS of MacGridTM uses a constant rate of extension 150

testing machine to pull a specific width geogrid to failure,

as described in ASTM D6637. All MacGrid has higher 5%
strength and lower elongation in tensile strength test. (Ref.
100
Fig. 1)

Reduction Factor of Durability

For Polyesters (PET) geogrids the aging is conducted in 50
an aqueous media at different pHs and relatively high
temperature to accelerate hydrolysis. According to FHWA
NHI-00-043, PET geosynthetics are recommended for use
in environments characterized by 3<pH<9 only. The fol- 0
lowing reduction factors for PET aging (RFD) are present- 0 2 4
Strain, %
6 8 10

ly indicated for 100 years design life in the absence of

product specific testing. Fig1 Tensile strength properties of MacGridTM

100

Table-1 NHI-00-043 Recommended reduction factor of durability 90

10000 hrs : 76.06%

80
Product Reduction factor, RFD 75 Yr : 69.62%
114Yr : 69.2%
5<pH<8 3<pH<5 70
Percentage of tensile strength, %

8<pH<9
TM
MacGrid , 1.15 1.3 10Yr : 72.85%
60
Mn25,000, CEG30
Mn = Average Molecular Weight.
50
CEG=Carboxyl End Group

40

30
SIM Creep Rupture
Reduction Factor of Installation Damage 20 Conventional Creep Rupture
During installation of geogrid, backfill placement may Creep Predicion
cause geogrid damage due to movement of vibratory roller. 10
To realize the degree of damage shall be tested by full
scale installation test with geogrid and different backfill 0
material is more important during design. RF ID=1.05 would
1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

10000000

be used in all grade of MacGridTM due to the lightest

strength of geogrid would be damaged heavily. Time to Rupture, hr

Fig2 The Creep retained strength of MacGridTM under different service life

Maccaferri Asia
Unit 3A-11, Block B, Phileo Damansara 1,
No. 9 Jalan 16/11, Off Jalan Damansara,
46350 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia BVQI Certified Quality System Company with
Tel: (60-3) 7957 8330 Fax: (60-3) 7957 9080 UKASs Accreditation
Email: regional_hq@maccaferri-asia.com