Feasibility Report for Development of RoRo cum GCB

f. Relative Humidity

Ennore generally experiences high humidity. The average maximum

values of the relative humidity remain high throughout the year (above
90%). The average minimum monthly values are between 25% in May
and 48% in November.

g. Visibility

The visibility in Ennore area is more than 20 km for the major part of
the year, occasionally extending to 50 km. On an average, visibility is
between 4 and 10 km on 40 days per year and less than 4 km on 4 days
per year. Visibility at sea is good throughout the year, and fog is
occasional. Reduction in visibility is mostly due to heavy rainfall during
monsoon.

h. Design Wind Parameters

The operational wind speed for the design of the facilities shall be
adopted from experience in the region. The National Building code of
India suggests a minimum basic wind speed of 180 km/hour for Ennore
region along the coastline. However, based on recent cyclonic data, 200
km/hour is used for the design of berths. The wind speed to be used for
the design shall be as per table 2.5.

Table 2.5 Wind data

1 year Return 100 year

Description Units
Period Return Period
1-Hour m/s 20 55.6
Sustained (km/hour) (72) (200)
Wind Speed (knots) (39) (107.9)

20 | P a g e
 Feasibility Report for Development of RoRo cum GCB

i. Cyclonic Storms
Cyclonic storms are common in east coast and several storms of
different intensity have crossed the project site in the past. Information
on the crossing of cyclonic storms in the east coast between Chennai
and Nagapattinam were collected from various sources including Indian
Meteorological Department (IMD), Chennai. The data indicate that the
proposed site near Cuddalore has high potential of cyclonic storms and
shall be included in the design of marine structures and facilities. The
maximum wind speeds during these storms have been estimated to be
between 90 and 200 km/hr. Most of these storms occur during the
months of October-December with few occurring during the month of
April and May. The details of the storms that have crossed the
Tamilnadu coast in the past 50 years are presented in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6 Cyclonic Storms during the period of 1960-2012 in the east coast.

S.
Year Month Place of Crossing Max Intensity
No
1 1960 Nov. Near Chennai CS
2 1962 May Near Cuddalore CS
3 1963 Oct Bet. Pondicherry and Cuddalore SCS
4 1964 Nov South of Chennai SCS
5 1966 Apr/May Near Cuddalore SCS
6 1966 Nov South of Chennai SCS
7 1966 Nov South of Chennai SCS
8 1967 Dec Near Nagapattinam SCS
9 1969 Oct South of Chennai CS
10 1972 Dec North of Cuddalore SCS
11 1977 Nov South of Nagapattinam SCS
12 1984 Nov/Dec North Karaikal SCS
13 1991 Nov Near Karaikal CS
14 1993 Dec Near Karaikal SCS

21 | P a g e