2:1 ELLIPSOIDAL HEAD

This K-SECAL small help tool calculates the 2:1 Ellipsoidal Head Blank Diameter. Head is formed from a
circular plate of approximate blank diameter calculated using below empirical formula. This diameter is good
for initial planning and weight estimation.
OD + OD/24 + 2SF +2/3KR + (THK in case head thickness is equal to or greater than 25 mm/1 INCH)
Confirm with Head manufacturer before cutting the blank. Every manufacturer based on forming method have
different diameter requirement.
Along with 2:1 Ellipsoidal Head Blank Diameter this tool also calculates head volume and blank weight.
Select different type of metals from drop down for weight calculation. Select FPS unit to calculate diameter in
inch.
Compare above data between different types of heads (Hemispherical and Torispherical) by selecting from
drop down.

Following formula has been used for calculating the Ellipsoidal head blank diameter:

For plate thickness less than 25 mm / 1.0 inch

Blank Diameter = D + (D/42) + (2*S.F)+ ((2/3) * Kr)

For plate thickness equal or more than 25 mm / 1.0 inch

Blank Diameter = D + (D/42) + (2*S.F) + ((2/3) * Kr)+ thk

where,
D = Outside Diameter of Ellipsoidal Head
S.F. = Straight Face
Kr = 0.17*D = Knuckle Radius
thk = Thickness of Head
TORISPHERICAL DISH HEAD
K-secal small help tool calculates the Torispherical Head Blank Diameter. Diameter is required for the
fabrication of head from plate. Along with diameter this tool also calculates head blank weight and Volume.
For weight you have the option to select different type of metals. Select FPS unit to calculate diameter in
inch.
This tool also has the option to select different type of heads (2:1 Ellipsoidal and Hemispherical) thus instantly
comparing the data between three different type of head.
For torispherical head the knuckle radius =0.6 times the vessel diameter has been considered.

Following formula has been used for calculating the torispherical head blank diameter:

For plate thickness less than 25 mm / 1.0 inch

Blank Diameter = D + (D/42) + (2*S.F)+ ((2/3) * Kr)

For plate thickness equal or more than 25 mm / 1.0 inch

Blank Diameter = D + (D/42) + (2*S.F) + ((2/3) * Kr)+ thk

where,
D = Outside Diameter of Torispherical Head
S.F. = Straight Face
Kr = 0.06*D = Knuckle Radius
thk = Thickness of Head
HEMISPHERICAL DISH HEAD
K-secal small help tool calculates the Hemispherical Head Blank Diameter. Diameter is required for the
fabrication of head from plate. Along with diameter this tool also calculates head blank weight and Volume.
For weight you have the option to select different type of metals. Select FPS unit to calculate diameter in
inch.
This tool also has the option to select different type of heads (2:1 Ellipsoidal and Torispherical) thus instantly
comparing the data between three different types of head.

Following formula has been used for calculating the hemispherical head blank diameter:
Blank Diameter = ( * D)/2

where,
= 3.141
D = Outside Diameter of Hemispherical Head
CONICAL DISH HEAD DEVELOPMENT
K-secal provide many help tools for the ease of fabrication of Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger and other
fabricated equipment. From many tools that you would find on this portal this tools helps to create
development of a Cone. This tool also instantly calculates and gives you the volume and finished weight of the
cone.
For weight you have the option to select different type of metals. Select FPS unit to get dimension in inch.

Following formulas have been used for creating development of cone.

R = D[h + 0.25 (D - d)]0.5 / (D - d)

E = R - [h + 0.25 (D - d)]0.5
Angle = D/R * 180
where,
h = Height of cone
D = Larger inner diameter of cone
d = Small inner diameter of cone