1 rewrite the sentences in direct speech.

1. Paul asked his father if he could borrow the car that afternoon.

2. Teresa confided that she had kissed Michael the previous night.

3. My mother suggested that we go shopping the following Saturday.

4. Jack told us that he had been living in London for a month.

5. The director said that she hoped people would enjoy her new film.

2. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of
the sentences.

1. Dont leave your shoes here! Dans mother ordered. (not)

2. Can I borrow your iPod? Susan asked me. (whether)

3. Lets rent an old Hugh Grant film tonight, Maureen suggested. (that)

4. Did you know that Trisha and Bill broke up last week? Mona asked me. (if)

5. Bring your projects to school tomorrow, Mr Bryson reminded us. (to)

3. Choose the correct answers.

1. Toms hands are so dirty! What has he been doing / had he done?

2. We all knew that she has been hiding / had been hiding her true identity for years.

3. Im sure that I have seen / will have seen that man before.

4. By the time we arrive, the concert will already have started / has already started.

5. Beth had been taking / has been taking tennis lessons for six months, but she still cant play
very well.
4. Complete the mini- dialogues. Use the perfect tenses.

1. Anne: ______________ you _____________ (finish) reading the book?

Bill: No, I ________________ (only read) the first two chapters.

2. Nancy: How long ________________ you ________________(know) your boyfriend before

you started dating?

Sandy: We______________________________ (be) friends for about a year.

3. Rob: Hurry up! By the time we get there, the match _________________________ (start)!

Jim: Im sure it _____________________________ (not start), There is plenty of time.

4. Gill: Last week, I realised that ________________________ (eat) too much chocolate, so I
decided to give it up.

Meg: _____________________ you_______________ (begin) to miss it yet?

5. Leslie: How long ____________________ you _________________(be) a vegetarian?

Mark: By this time next month, I ________________________ (be) a vegetarian for five years?

6. Bella: Where ________________ you _________________ (be) all day?

Dave: I _________________________ (work) on my project since this morning. I still

__________________________(not finish).

5. Mark each sentence passive (P) or active (A). Then complete the sentences without changing
the meaning.

______1. You can buy the concert tickets online. Tickets

______2. My backpack was stolen! Someone

______3. The radio station is giving away 10 iPods next week. Ten

______4. Beyonces new CD hasnt been released yet. Beyonc

______5 How often do you have to walk your dog? How often does

______6. Everyone has heard the rumours about them for a long time. For a long time,
rumours
6. Write both passive forms of the sentences below.

1. People give children too much junk food.

2. The airline should offer us money for our lost baggage.

3. I will give you your change in a moment.

4. we gave the dog a bone.

5. they should have offered you a discount.

6. The charity is asking for donations from the public.

7. Complete the passage with the correct active or passive form of the verb in brackets.

A famous department store.

Selfridges is a department store in London where everything from food to designer brands
____________________ (can buy). Many services ____________ also ____________ (provide)
in the shop, to ear piercing to bicycle repairs. Londoners _______________ (shop) there for
nearly a century, and it __________________ (locate) in the same address in Oxford Street
since its establishment in 1909 by Harry Gordon Selfridges, an American. He
___________________ (credit) with bringing a new spirit of shopping to England because he
_______________ (use) unusual tactics to tempts costumers to come to the shop. For
example, he arranged for the first plane that _______________ (fly) over the English Channel
to be transported to London and displayed in the store. Recently, Selfridges ______________
(undergo) major renovations and opened branches in other English cities, thus ensuring that
people ___________________ (continue) to enjoy this special store for a long time to come.

8. Write a sentence about each situation.

1. This key doesnt work (lets / make/.)

2. their windows were dirty (clean/.)

3. His camera is broken (should/fix/.)

4. They didnt go out for Chinese food. ( deliver/.)

5. I love your hair! (where/ cut /?)

9. Rewrite the sentence use the words in brackets.

1. The teacher will tell me my exam mark tomorrow. (be)

2. Richard Curtis directed that film. (by)

3. Someone repaired my mobile phone last week. (got).

4. Someone must take that rubbish bag outside. (be)

5. The dentist is going to clean Mikes teeth next week. (have)

6. The director hired an unknown actor for the part. (was)

7. The sales assistant is helping another customer at the moment. (helped)

8. By noon, the box office had sold all the tickets. (been)

10. Combine the sentences. Use the relative pronouns. Make any necessary changes.

1. I finally listened to the Shakira CD. Jane gave it to me.

2. The bands drummer was ill. They had to cancel their performance.

3. My mother is a historian. She teaches at the university.

4. I enjoy walking in the morning. It is very quiet then.

5. The guide took us to many interesting places. Her tours are advertised on the Internet.

6. I know a great clothes shop. She can get real bargains there.

11. Combine the sentence. Use the formal structure.

1. I stayed in the guest room. It was very comfortable.

2. The tour guide finally arrived. We had been waiting for him.
12. Combine the sentence use the informal structure.

1. Hugh is a guitarist. I often play basketball with him.

2. She works for the cruise company. It is based in Athens.

3. The girl is very beautiful. Everybody is talking about her.

13. Rewrite the sentences. Use the correct form of an appropriate modal.

1. It is forbidden to use a mobile phone in the library.

2. It is possible that I will go skiing at the weekend.

3. My advice is that you tell John the truth.

4. I havent got enough time to finish the report by Tuesday.

5. We werent close enough to see the band.

11. Complete the sentences with the modal perfect below.

Should have couldnt have must have would have shouldnt have

1. You _________________ told me the end of the film. Now I wont enjoy it.

2. They __________________had a great time last night. They are going out again.

3. Thank you for your help. We _____________________ finished the job without you.

4. Im sorry. I _____________________________ given you the message yesterday.

5. I __________________________ helped you paint the room. Why didnt you ask me?

14. Complete the sentences. Use the correct modal or modal perfect form of the verb in
brackets.

1. Mark was cold. He ____________________ (should/wear) a sweater.

2. Its not possible for Emily to meet us. She __________________ (have to/ work).

3. I dont believe it! That _____________________ (cannot/ be) the reason Sherry didnt come
tonight!

4. Im upset with Mike. He _______________________ (could /go) to an Internet caf and sent
me an e-mail while he was on holiday.

5. I wish I had known you wanted to see that film. I ______________________(would/ tell) you
we were going to the cinema last night.

6. Meg thinks I was wrong. She thinks I _______________________(ought to/ apologise) to my

mum.
15. Choose the correct answer.

1. I would apologise to Tina if I you. Would be / were / would

2. if they had played trance instead of 80s music? Would you dance / Will you dance /
would you have danced

3. Mona can join us if she her work on time. Finishes / will finish / would finish

4. In the film hadnt been so violent, I it more. Would enjoy / had enjoyed / would have
enjoyed

5. This spaghetti sauce will taste better if you more salt. Will add / add / added

6. If we dont hurry, we the train! Miss/ would miss / will miss

7. If I had known about the problem, I could have helped / could help / can help

8. If I knew Tom better, I so nervous about phoning him. Wouldnt be / wouldnt have been
/ wont be

16. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentence.

1. Cathy didnt take the exam because she was ill. If Cathy hadnt been ill, .

2. Because he runs every day. John is extremely fit. If John didnt

3. I want this computer game, but I havent got enough money to buy it. If I had more money, I

4. Oh dear, its so late. We cant go to the film now. If it werent so late,

5. Well be cold unless we wear jackets. If we dont

16. Write the suitable sentences for each situation. Use the correct wish clause and the words
in brackets.

1. I didnt give you permission to wear my sweater! (ask before take my things)

2. I hate my hair this short! (longer)

3. My parents insist that I be home by 1.00. (can stay out all night)

4. We shouldnt have gone to that Chinese restaurant. It was terrible! (go to the Italian
restaurant)

5. All my friends have got dates tonight. (have date)