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BS NA EN 1993-2 (2006) (English): UK National

Annex to Eurocode 3. Design of structures. Steel
bridges

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MAGNACARTA( 1297)
 NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

UK National Annex to
Eurocode 3: Design of
steel structures -
Part 2: Steel bridges
les 91.010.30; 91.080.10; 93.040
NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

Publishing and copyright information

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.

J;;S
FSC
The British Standards Institution 2012
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012
ISBN 978 0 580 78489 7

100 % The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:
From well-managed forests
Committee reference B/525/l 0
(ert no. sW(OC004238 Draft for comment 07/30128148 DC, 12/30260810 DC
www-fsc.org
1996 Forest Stewardship Council

Publication history
First published May 2008

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. no. Date Text affected
Al 31 July 2012 See Introduction.
 NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 19932:2006

Contents
Introduction 1
NA.l Scope 1
NA.2 Nationally Determined Parameters 2
NA.3 Decision on the status of the infonnative annexes 10
NA.4 References to non-contradictory cOlnplenlentary
information 11
Bibliography 12
List of tables
Table NA.l Additional sacrificial thickness 4

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
pages i and ii, pages 1 to an inside back cover and a back cover.

The British Standards Institution 2012 i

NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

ii The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

National Annex (info rIllat ive) to

BS EN 1993-2:2006, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel
structures - Part 2: Steel bridges

Introduction
This National Annex is published by BSI Standards Limited, under
licence from The British Standards Institution. This National Annex
has been prepared by BSI Subcommittee B/525/10, Bridges, in
consultation with B/525/31, Structural use of steel.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by National
Amendment No.1 is indicated in the text by ~ and 0.11. Minor
editorial changes are not tagged.
National Amendment Al has introduced changes to NA.2.7 and NA.3.

NA.l Scope
This National Annex gives:
a) the UK decisions for the Nationally Determined Parameters
described in the following sub clauses of BS EN 1993-2:2006:

2.1.3.2(1) 8.2.1.6(1)
2.1.3.3(5) 8.2.10(1)
2.1.3.4(1) 8.2.13(1)
2.1. 3.4(2) 8.2.14(1)
2.3.1(1) (two places) 9.1.2(1)
3.2.3(2) 9.1.3(1)
3.2.3(3) 9.3(I)P
3.2.4(1) 9.3(2)P
3.4(1) 9.4.1(6)
3.5(1) 9.5.2(2)
3.6(1) 9.5.2(3)
3.6(2) 9.5.2(5)
4(1) 9.5.2(6)
4(4) 9.5.2(7)
5.2.1(4) 9.5.3(2) (two places)
5.4.1(1) 9.6(1) (two places)
6.1(I)P 9.7(1)
6.2.2.3(1) A.3.3(I)P
6.2.2.5(1) A.3.6(2)
6.3.2.3(1) A.4.2.1(2)
6.3.4.2(1) A.4.2.1(3)
6.3.4.2(7) A.4.2.1(4)
7.1(3) A.4.2.4(2)
7.3(1) C.1.1(2)
8.1.3.2.1(1) C.1.2.2(1)
8.1.6.3(1) C.1.2.2(2)
8.2.1.4(1) E.2(1)
8.2.1.5(1)

The British Standards Institution 2012 1

NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

b) the UK decisions on the status of BS EN 1993-2:2006 infornlative

annexes; and
c) references to non-contradictory complementary information.

NA.2 Natiollally Determined Parameters

NA.2.1 Design working life
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 2.1.3.2(1)]
Unless otherwise specified for a particular project, the design working
life should be 120 years.

NA.2.2 Durability
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 2.1.3.3(5)]
Additional requirements for durable details should be specified for a
particular project.

NA.2.3 Robustness and structural integrity

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 2.1.3.4(1)]
Components which need to be designed for accidental design situations
should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.4 Robustness and structural integrity

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 2.1.3.4(2)]
The safe life design method of fatigue assessment should be used unless
specified otherwise for a particular project.

NA.2.5 Actions and environmental influences

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 2.3.1(1)]
Actions not included in various parts of BS EN 1991 which need to be
considered in the design should be specified for a particular project.
Transient situations for maintenance and repair which need to be
considered should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.6 Fracture toughness

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.2.3(2)]
The example in Table 3.1 should not be used and NA to
BS EN 1993-1-10:2005, NA.2.1, should be followed.

NA.2.7 Fracture toughness

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.2.3(3)]
~ For components in the value given in
NA to BS EN 1993-1-10 should be used.
NOTE Complementary guidance I:S given in PD 6695-1-10. ~

2 The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.2.8 Through thickness properties

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.2.4(1)]
The recommendations in Table 3.2 should not be used and NA to
BS EN 1993-1-10:2005, NA.2.2, should be followed.

NA.2.9 Cables and other tension elements

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.4(1)]
The types of cable which are deemed to satisfy the requirements for
durability should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.10 Bearings
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.5(1)]
The types of bearing which may be used should be specified for a
particular project.

NA.2.11 Other bridge components

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.6(1)]
The types of expansion joint, guardrail, parapet and other ancillary
items which luay be used should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.12 Other bridge components

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 3.6(2)]
The bridge deck surfacing systems, the products used and the methods
of application should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.13 Durability
[BS EN 1993 .. 2:2006,4(1)]
The access requirements for inspection and maintenance should be
specified for a particular project.
Box sections that are provided with maintenance access systems should
be designed such that no large accumulation of moisture can occur
internally and air quality is maintained.

NA.2.14 Durability [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 4(4)]

For surfaces that cannot be inspected, the following design
considerations should be addressed and appropriate measures taken or
allowances made.
a) Sealing against corrosion. It is difficult to effectively seal the
internal void of fabricated box girder constructions, even when
using continuous welding, so this approach to corrosion control is
not recommended. Instead, fabricated box girders should be
detailed to allow free drainage of any condensing water at the
lowest point, and a sacrificial thickness of steel should be added
that is appropriate for a C2 type environment, as described in
item c).

The Britjsh Standards Institution 2012 3

NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

Drain holes should be sufficiently large that they do not become

blocked, but not so large as to allow wildlife to enter. Drainage
tubes of a non-corroding material should be used and should be
arranged to ensure that any water containing corrosion products is
diverted away from external surfaces that could easily be stained.
For structural hollow sections, the internal void should either be
effectively sealed to prevent the ingress of air, moisture and
contaminants, or alternatively the approach for fabricated box
girders described earlier may be followed.
Where structural hollow sections are to be sealed, they should be
checked for structural adequacy under differential pressures
between the internal and external atInospheres. Sealed structural
hollow sections should be no less than 5 mm thick. Where the
design life is less than 50 years this value may be reduced to 4 mm.
Narrow gaps ( < 10 mIn wide) and crevices should be avoided.
Where this is impractical, they should be packed using steel plates
and sealed to prevent the ingress of air, moisture and contaminants.
b) Measures to ensure air tightness of box girders. Where
structural hollow sections are to be effectively sealed, they should
be tested to ensure air tightness as required by the project
specification.
c) Extra steel thickness for inaccessible surfaces. Inaccessible
surfaces that have not been effectively sealed against the effects of
air, moisture and contaminants should be provided with an
additional sacrificial thickness appropriate to the environment, as
shown in Table NA.l.

Table NA.l Additional sacrificial thickness

Atmospheric corrosion Additional sacrificial thickness
classification (ISO 9223) mm
Structural steel Weathering steel
C1 Not applicable Not applicable
C2 0,5
4 1,0
C4 6 1,5
C5 Not appropriate Not appropriate
NOTE Cl relates to dry heated interiors, which are seldom applicable to
b'ridges.

ISO 9223 describes two methods for classifying atmospheric

corrosivity. Unfortunately, both methods require measurements to be
taken over a minimum of one year to obtain representative average
values. In most situations this will not be possible or practical at the
design stage. Therefore, in the absence of a scientific approach, a
judgement needs to be nlade. BS EN ISO 12944-2 relates the
classifications C1 to C5 to descriptions of typical environments, which
should form the basis of such a judgement along with a site visit to
assess the nature of the bridge location. Additional information should
be sought from the client or the maintaining authority to determine
future development plans.

4 The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NOTE 1 The environment inside a closed box girder (unsea,led) is likely

to be sin-dlaT to a, C2 class?fication. Hotoever, fOT an open top box sect'ion
with c01nposite deck 1.oithout any access forinspecUon and 1naintenance,
the environnwnt is C3.
NOTE 2 The sCLcT~ficial thicknesses in Table NA.l assurne free
drainage qfthe steel SurfcLces. Wherefree drcdnage C(LJtno(; be gU(lran(;eed,
umoro(;ectecl steel swfaces are not recomrnended.

NA.2.15 Effects of deformed geometry of the structure

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 5.2.1(4)]
No additional infomlation.

NA.2.16 Methods of analysis considering material

non-linearities [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 5.4.1(1)]
The circumstances where plastic nlethods of global analysis are
acceptable should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.17 Ultimate limit states

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.1(1)]
The recommended values for partial factors lfvli given in Note 2 should
be used.

NA.2.18 Shear lag effects

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.2.2.3(1)]
The recommendation in NA to BS EN 1993-1-5:2006, NA.2.2, should
be followed. No additional infonnation is provided.

NA.2.19 Effects of local buckling for class 4 cross

sections [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.2.2.5(1)]
Both nlethods of considering the effects of class 4 cross sections are
acceptable.

NA.2.20 Lateral torsional buckling curves for rolled

sections or equivalent welded sections
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.3.2.3(1)]
See NA.4 for complementary guidance on lateral torsional buckling.

NA.2.21 General method for lateral and lateral torsional

buckling of structural components
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.3.4.2(1)]
No additional infonuation.

The British Standards Institution 2012 5

NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.2.22 General method for lateral and lateral torsional

buckling of structural components
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 6.3.4.2(7)]
See NA.4 for complementary guidance on lateral torsional buckling.

NA.2.23 Serviceability limit states

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 7.1(3)]
Additional requirernents for serviceability should be specified for a
particular project.

NA.2.24 Limitations for stress

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 7.3(1)]
The recommended value for the partial factor YMser given in Note 2
should be used.

NA.2.25 Injection bolts

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.1.3.2.1(1)]
The requirements for the use of injection bolts should be specified for a
particular project.

NA.2.26 Hybrid connections

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.1.6.3(1)]
The ultimate capacity of hybrid slip resistant bolts acting in friction and
welded connections should be taken as no greater than 90% of their
combined capacities.

NA.2.27 Butt welds [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.2.1.4(1)]

No additional information.

NA.2.28 Plug welds [BS EN 1993-2:2006,8.2.1.5(1)]

The requirements for the use of plug welds should be specified for a
paIticular project.

NA.2.29 Flare groove welds

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.2.1.6(1)]
The requirements for the use of flare groove welds should be specified
for a particular project.

6 The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.2.30 Eccentrically loaded single fillet or single-sided

partial penetration butt welds
[BS EN 1993-2:2006,8.2.10(1)]
Eccentrically loaded single fillet welds or single-sided partial
penetration butt welds should not be used to transmit a bending
moment about the longitudinal axis of the weld.
The requirements for the use of eccentrically loaded single fillet welds
or single-sided partial penetration butt welds for other situations should
be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.31 Analysis of structural joints connecting H- and

I-sections [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.2.13(1)]
The requirements for the use of structural joints connecting H- and
I-sections should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.32 Hollow section joints

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 8.2.14(1)]
The requirements for the use of structural joints connecting hollow
sections should be specified for a particular project.

NA.2.33 Design of road bridges for fatigue

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.1.2(1)]
All details that are subjected to cyclic loading should be checked for
fatigue.

NA.2.34 Design of railway bridges for fatigue

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.1.3(1)]
Those elements where no fatigue checks are required should be
specified for a particular project.

NA.2.35 Partial factors for fatigue verifications

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.3(1)P]
The recommended value should be used.

NA.2.36 Partial factors for fatigue verifications

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.3(2)P]
BS EN 1993-1-9:2005, Table 3.1 should not be used; the
recommendation in NA to BS EN 1993-1-9:2005, NA.2.5, should be
followed.

NA.2.37 Fatigue stress range [BS EN 1993-2:2006,

9.4.1(6) ]
See NA to BS EN 1993-1-9:2005, NA.2.7, for additional guidance.

The British Standards Institution 2012 7

NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.2.38 Damage equivalence factors A for road bridges

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.2(2)]
No additional information.

NA.2.39 Damage equivalence factors A for road bridges

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.2(3)]
In deriving ,,1.2, Qm1 should be taken as 260 kN for UK roads that are not
subject to weight restrictions.
NOTE SeeNA to BSEN 1991-2, Table NA.4fO'r guidance onn i or use other
site specific predictions that are nwre onerous.

NA.2.40 Damage equivalence factors A for road bridges

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.2(5)]
The design life of the bridge t Ld should be 120 years.

NA.2.41 Damage equivalence factors A for road bridges

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.2(6)]
In deriving ..14 , Qm1 should be taken as 260 kN for all traffic lanes.
NOTE See NA to BS EN 1991-2, Table NA.4 for guidance n i or use other
site specific predictions that are more onerous.

NA.2.42 Damage equivalence factors A for road bridges

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.2(7)]
The recoHuuended factors should be used.

NA.2.43 Damage equivalence factors A for railway

bridges [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.5.3(2)]
Note 1 - ReCOlumended values should be used.
Note 3 - Al should be specified for specialized lines.

NA.2.44 Fatigue strength [BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.6(1)]

Note 1 and Note 2 - No additional information.

NA.2.45 Post weld treatment

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, 9.7(1)]
Requirements for post weld treatment should be specified for a
particular project.

NA.2.46 Anchorage of bearings [BS EN 1993-2:2006,

A.3.3(1)P]
The recommended values should be used.

8 The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.2.47 Resistance of bearings to rolling and sliding

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, A.3.6(2)]
The recomnlended values should be used.

NA.2.48 Determination of design values of actions on the

bearings and movements of the bearings
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, A.4.2.1(2)]
No additional information. See also the National Annex to
BS EN 1991-1-5.

NA.2.49 Determination of design values of actions on the

bearings and movements of the bearings
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, A.4.2.1(3)]
The reconunended values should be used.
NOTE Th1:s aUowance caters only Jor the uncertainty qfthe temperature
at the Urne oj the setting oj the bearings.

NA.2.50 Determination of design values of actions on the

bearings and movements of the bearings
[BS EN 1993-2:2006, A.4.2.1( 4)]
The recommended values of I1To given in Table A.4 should be used,
and !J..Ty should be taken as 5C.
NOTE The tempeY'ature difference L1TK is the mCL,,)7i'mu,rt1 contTaction
Tange 01" rna:x:imurn expansion Tange as appropriate, according to
BS EN 1991-1-.5.

NA.2.51 Actions for accidental design situations

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, A.4.2.4(2)]
No additional infonnation. See also the National Annex to
BS EN 1991-1-7.

NA.2.52 Highway bridges [BS EN 1993-2:2006, C.1.1(2)]

No additional infonnation.

NA.2.53 Thickness of deck plates and minimum stiffness

of stiffeners [BS EN 1993-2:2006, C.1.2.2(1)]
The following values of lninimunl deck plate dimensions should be used.
a) Deck plate thickness in the most heavily loaded traffic lane in each
carriageway:

t ~ 14 nun x e/300 for asphalt layer ~ 70 mm;

t ~ 16 nun x e/300 for asphalt layer > 40 lnm and < 70 mm.
The thickness may be reduced by 2 mm for lanes occupied by light
vehicles.

The British Standards Institution 2012 9

NA+A1:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

b) Spacing of the supports of the deck plate by webs of stiffeners in

the carriageway: e ~ 380 mm.
Locally, e luay be increased by 5% where required, e.g. for
adaptation to bridge curvature in plan.
c) Deck plate thickness for foot bridges and footpaths which can
carry luaintenance vehicles:

t ?: 10mm and elt ~ 50;

e 750 miU.

d) Deck plate thickness for foot bridges and footpaths with no

maintenance vehicles:
t ~ 6 mm and elt ~ 92;
e ~ 900mm.
e) Thickness of stiffener:
t ~ 6 lUlU.

NA.2.54 Thickness of deck plates and minimum stiffness

of stiffeners [BS EN 1993-2:2006, C.1.2.2(2)]
No additional information.

NA.2.55 Combination factor

[BS EN 1993-2:2006, E.2(1)]
Account should not be taken of the weight distribution of several lorries
and the cOlubination factor ,!/should be taken as 1,0.

NA.3 Decision on the status of the

informative annexes
(5) NA.3.1 Annex A - Technical specifications for bearings
Annex A may be used.

NA.3.2 Annex B - Technical specifications for expansion

joints for road bridges
Annex B may be used.

NA.3.3 An.nex C - Recommendations for the

structural detailing of steel bridge decks
Annex C may be used subject to the following:
all detailing and dimensions should be verified against the limit
state requirements of BS EN 1993-2;
all tolerances specified for execution should be verified against
BS EN 1090-2, see also NA.4.

10 The British Standards Institution 2012

 NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

NA.3.4 Annex D - Buckling lengths for members in

bridges and assumptions for geonletrical
imperfections
Annex D may be used.

NA.3.5 Annex E - Combination of effects from local

wheel and tyre loads and from global traffic
loads on road bridges
Annex E may be used. 1

NA.4 References to non-contradictory

complementary information
15) PD 6695-1-10, Recommendations for the design of structures
to BS EN 1993-1-101
PD 6695-2, Recommendations for the design of bridges to
BS EN 1993
15) PD 6705-2, Structural use of steel and aluminium
Part 2: Recommendations for the execution of steel bridges to
BS EN 1090-21

The British Standards Institution 2012 11

NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

Bibliography
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
anlendments) applies.
BS EN 1993-1-9, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-9:
Fatigue
BS EN ISO 12944-2, Paints and varnishes - C01Tosion protection of
steel structures by protective paint systen~s - Part 2: Classification
of environrnents
ISO 9223, Corrosion of metals and alloys - Corrosivity qf
atmospheres - Classificat'ion
NA to BS EN 1991-2, Eurocode 1: Act'ions on stT'llctures-
Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges
NA to BS EN 1991-1-7:2006, EUTocode 1: Actions on st'nLctures
PaTt 1-7: General actions - Accidental actions
NA to BS EN 1993-1-5:2006, UK National Anne,,)7 to Eurocode 3:
Design of steel structures - Part 1-5: Plated structural elements
NA to BS EN 199~3-1-9:2005, UK National Annex to Eurocode 3:
Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
NA to BS EN 1993-1-10:2005, Eurocode 3: Design qf steel
structures - Part 1-10: Material toughness and through-thickness
properties
15) PD 6695-1-10, Recommendations for the design of structures
to BS EN 1993-1-10(5]
PD 6695-2, Recommendations for the design of bridges to BS EN 1993
15) PD 6705-2, Structural use of steel and aluminium -
Part 2: Recommendations for the execution of steel bridges [:0

BS EN 1090-2~)

12 The British Standards Institution 2012

NA+Al:2012 to BS EN 1993-2:2006

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necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or gr'ade designations. If
these details are to be used fOt' any other purpose than implemerltatioll
then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. Details and
advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Department.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070
Email: copyright@bsigroup.com
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