UNIVERSIDAD AUTNOMA

DE NUEVO LEN

Facultad de Ingeniera Mecnica y

Elctrica

Cultura De La Lengua Inglesa

Unidad 4: Medios de Comunicacin
Evidencia 1

Hora: N1
Alumno: Csar Orlando Moreno De Hoyos
Matricula: 1691302

ING. JESUS ESTRADA

Television and radio in Mexico.

Television

The television in Mexico first began in August 19, 1946 in Mexico City when
Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena transmitted the first television signal in Latin
America from the bathroom of his home. On September 7, 1946 at 8:30 PM (CST)
Mexicos and Latin Americas first experimental television station was established
and was given the XE1GC callsign. This experimental station broadcast an artistic
program and interviews on Saturdays for two years.

Mexicos first commercial station, XHTV channel 4 in Mexico City, signed on

August 31, 1950, making Mexico the first Spanish-speaking country to introduce
television. It started transmitting regular programs on the following day. It is also
the first Hispanophone or Spanish speaking country to introduce television. The
first program to be broadcast was President Miguel Alemn Valds IV Informe de
Gobierno. Within a year, XEW-TV channel 2, owned by the Azcrraga family, was
formed. Mexico's first color television transmission was carried out by the third
television station in the capital, Gonzlez Camarena's XHGC Canal 5. In 1955, all
three stations formed an alliance, Telesistema Mexicano (TSM), the predecessor
to Televisa. In 1959, XEIPN-TV channel 11 signed on, the base of today's Canal
Once network and the first educational television station in Latin America.

In 1965 Mexico, United States, Canada and Europe made the first intercontinental
tv transmision. Nowadays 91% of the families in Mexico have tvs on their places,
at least one screen, some families have a tv per bedroom. That percentage is
higher than the number of houses that have electricity or water in this country.

Radio

The radio is the result of years of research and the imagination of different
machines that emerged together with the understanding and development of
electricity.
Adolfo Enrique and Pedro Gmez Fernndez transmitted the first radio program
that included only two songs In 1921. That year in Monterrey, Nuevo Len
Constantino de Tarnnava had the first radio space with the "live studio" program.

Different organizations were created In the 1920s around this new technology: the
National Radio League, the Mexican Central Radio League, Radio Education, and
Mexico joined the International Telecommunication Conference in Washington,
D.C

1948 was a crucial year for the development of radio in Mexico: both for the
emergence of 33 and 45 RPM microsurve disks as well as for the input of
Frequency Modulated (FM) emissions.

Radio and television in United States of America

Radio

The beginning of regular commercially licensed sound broadcasting in the United

States in 1920 ended the print monopoly over the media and opened the doors to
the more immediate and pervasive electronic media. By 1928, the United States
had three national radio networks - two owned by NBC (the National Broadcasting
Company), and one by CBS (the Columbia Broadcasting System).

President Franklin Roosevelt recognized the potential of radio to reach the

American public, and during his four terms (1933-1945), his radio "fireside chats"
informed the nation on the progress of policies to counter the Depression and on
developments during World War II. After World War II, television's visual images
replaced the audio-only limitation of radio as the predominant entertainment and
news vehicle. Radio adapted to the new situation by replacing entertainment
programs with a format of music interspersed with news and features. In the
1950s, automobile manufacturers began offering car radios as standard
accessories, and radio received a big boost as Americans tuned in their car radios
as they drove to and from work.
The expansion and dominance of FM radio, which has better sound quality but a
more limited range than traditional AM, represented the major technical change in
radio in the 1970s and 1980s.

In 1998, the number of U.S. commercial radio stations had grown to 4,793 AM
stations and 5,662 FM stations. In addition, there are 1,460 public radio stations in
the United States. Most of these stations are run by universities and public
authorities for educational purposes and are financed by public and/or private
funds, subscriptions and some underwriting. NPR (National Public Radio) was
incorporated in February 1970 under the 1967 Public Broadcasting Act. NPR was
created to provide leadership in national newsgathering and production and to act
as a permanent nationwide interconnection of noncommercial stations.

Television

Although television was first regarded by many as radio with pictures, public
reaction to the arrival of TV was strikingly different from that afforded the advent of
radio. Radio in its early days was perceived as a technological wonder rather than
a medium of cultural significance. The public quickly adjusted to radio broadcasting
and either enjoyed its many programs or turned them off. Television, however,
prompted a tendency to criticize and evaluate rather than a simple on-off response.

Until the fall of 1948, regularly scheduled programming on the four networksthe
American Broadcasting Company (ABC), the Columbia Broadcasting System
(CBS; later CBS Corporation), the National Broadcasting Co. (NBC), and the
DuMont Television Network, which folded in 1955was scarce. On some
evenings, a network might not offer any programs at all, and it was rare for any
network to broadcast a full complement of shows during the entire period that
became known as prime time (811 pm, Eastern Standard Time). Sales of
television sets were low, so, even if programs had been available, their potential
audience was limited.

In the 1980s, home videocassette recorders became widely available. Viewers

gained the ability to record and replay programs and, more significantly, to rent and
watch movies at times of their own choosing in their own homes. Video games also
became popular during this decade, particularly with the young, and the television,
formally just the site of passive entertainment, became an intricate, moving,
computerized game board. The number of cable networks grew throughout the
1980s and then exploded in the 1990s as improved cable technology and direct-
broadcast satellite television multiplied the channels available to viewers.

In 1998 it was already possible to view video on the World Wide Web and to see
and search television broadcasts on a computer. As computers become more
powerful, they should be able to handle video as easily as they now handle text.
The television schedule may eventually be replaced by a system in which viewers
are able to watch digitally stored and distributed programs or segments of
programs whenever they want. Television's attraction globally is strong. Those
human beings who have a television set watch it, by one estimate, for an average
of two-and-a-half hours a day.

Radio and television in United Kingdom

Radio

On July 2nd 1897 Giglielmo Marconi was awarded his first radio communications
patent in the UK.

Marconi came to the UK from Italy. Here he was introduced to the chief engineer
William Preece, who supported him during his early years. In 1896 Marconi
sucessfully sent a wireless signal between two buildings and the following year he
was awarded Patent 12,039 for 'Improvements in Transmitting Electrical Impulses
and Signals, and in Apparatus therefor.' Marconi never signed a formal agreement
and he established a private company in 1897.

The birth of British radio comes with the formation of the British Broadcasting
Company in October 1922. This includes General Electric and the Marconi
Company, which had developed the first experimental radio station, 2MT, in 1920.
On November 14 the first national radio broadcast is made from radio station 2LO
located on the seventh floor of Marconi House on the Strand.

The BBC begins broadcasting in FM (frequency modulation) for the first time. It is
superior to AM (amplitude modulation), which is susceptible to interference in bad
weather in 1955.

Digital One, in 1999 the UKs first national commercial digital radio multiplex
launches with five channels including Planet Rock, Talk Radio, Classic FM, Virgin
Radio and Core.

Over half of all UK households have a digital radio.

Listening to the radio over the internet has increased from 10% in 2011 to 22% in
2015, as more people use smartphones.

Television

The first British television broadcast was made by Baird Television's

electromechanical system over the BBC radio transmitter in September 1929. By
1939 they were providing a limited amount of programming five days a week. On
August 22, 1932, the BBC launched its own regular service using Baird's 30-line
electromechanical system, continuing until September 11, 1935. Then on
November 2, 1936 they became the world's first regular high-definition television
service. TV broadcasts in London were on the air an average of four hours daily
from 1936 to 1939. There were 12,000 to 15,000 receivers.

Digital terrestrial television launched in 1998 as a subscription service named

ONdigital. Since October 2002, the primary broadcaster is Freeview, with Top Up
TV and Setanta Sports providing additional subscription services.

Digital television has been available in the UK since 1998 via satellite, cable or
terrestrial, and since 1999 via IPTV. Analogue transmissions are currently being
switched off and this is due to be completed in 2012, which is when the UK will be
completely digital.
There are six main channels that are responsible for most viewing, these are:-

The BBC, ITV, Sky, Channel 4 and Channel 5.

References

http://radioprensaytelevision.blogspot.mx/2011/05/cronologia-de-la-historia-de-la-
tv-en_1768.html

http://periodismodesociales.blogspot.mx/2007/08/la-historia-de-la-radio-en-
mxico.html

http://www.imer.mx/micrositios/institucionales/dia-mundial-radio/breve-historia-de-
la-radio-en-mexico/

https://usa.usembassy.de/media-radio.htm

https://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-history-of-the-radio-industry-in-the-united-states-to-
1940/

http://earlyradiohistory.us/

https://www.britannica.com/art/television-in-the-United-States

https://www.nyu.edu/classes/stephens/History%20of%20Television%20page.htm

http://home.bt.com/tech-gadgets/from-marconi-and-the-transistor-radio-to-dab-the-
history-of-radio-in-the-uk-11364015764901

http://www.frequencyfinder.org.uk/History_Transmission.pdf

https://www.learnenglish.de/culture/britishtelevision.html

http://www.televisionheaven.co.uk/history_of_the_bbc_1.htm