Inertia

1.
a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.
"the bureaucratic inertia of government"
synonyms: inactivity, inaction, inertness; More
2.
PHYSICS
a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in
a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force.

Non-Contact Force

The force which acts on an object without coming physically in contact with it is
called non-contact force. The most familiar example of a non-contact force is weight.
In contrast a contact force is a forceapplied to a body by another body that is
in contactwith it.

Contact Forces
A contact force is any force that requires contact to be enforced.Contact forces are
also direct forces. ... The most common instances of this include friction,
normal force and shear force. Acontact force may also be described as the push
experienced when two objects are pressed together.

Law of Inertia
The first law, also called the law of inertia, states that, unless acted upon by an
external force, an object at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, it continues to move in a
straight line with constant speed. Uniform motion..
 Equilibrium
a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
"the maintenance of social equilibrium"
synonyms: balance, symmetry, equipoise, parity, equality;
stability
"the equilibrium of the economy"
a state of physical balance.
"I stumbled over a rock and recovered my equilibrium"
a calm state of mind.
"his intensity could unsettle his equilibrium"
synonyms: composure, calm, equanimity, sangfroid; More

Angular Velocity

Angular velocity, also called rotational velocity, is a quantitative expression of the amount of
rotation that a spinning object undergoes per unit time. It is a vector quantity, consisting of an
angular speed component and either of two defined directions or senses.

The magnitude, or length, of the angular velocity vector is directly proportional to the angular
speed, and is measured in the same units as angular speed (radians per second, degrees per
second, revolutions per second, or revolutions per minute). The direction of the angular
velocity vector is perpendicular to the plane in which the rotation takes place. If the rotation
appears clockwise with respect to an observer, then the angular velocity vector points away
from the observer. If the rotation appears counterclockwise, then the angular velocity vector
points toward the observer.

Consider a car rolling forward along a highway. The angular velocity vectors for all four tires
point toward the left along the lines containing the wheel axles. If the car speeds up, the
vectors get longer. If the car slows down, the vectors get shorter. If the car stops, the vector
lengths become zero. If the car is put into reverse, the vectors reverse their directions, and
point toward the right along the lines containing the wheel axles.
Mass
Mass (symbolized m) is a dimensionless quantity representing the amount of matter in a
particle or object. The standard unit of mass in the International System (SI) is the kilogram (kg)

. F = ma

where F is the applied force in newtons, m is the mass of the object or particle in kilograms,
and a is the resulting acceleration in meters per second squared. The mass of an object can be
calculated if the force and the acceleration are known.

Mass is not the same thing as weight. Weight has meaning only when an object having a
specific mass is placed in an acceleration field, such as the gravitational field of the earth. At the
earth's surface, a kilogram mass weighs about 2.2 pounds, for example. But on Mars, the same
kilogram mass would weigh only about 0.8 pounds, and on Jupiter it would weigh roughly 5.5
pounds.

When expressing large or small masses, prefix multipliers are used.The table below shows the
most common alternative mass units and their relationship to the kilogram.

Weight

Weight (symbolized w ) is a quantity representing the force exerted on a particle or object by an

acceleration field, particularly the gravitational field of the Earth at the surface. In the
International System of Units ( SI ), weight can be expressed in terms of the force, in newtons,
exerted on a mass in a gravitational field. In the English system, the standard unit of weight is
the pound (lb), which is the force produced by gravitational acceleration on approximately
0.454 kg of mass at the Earth's surface.

Weight is not the same thing as mass. Mass is a literal representation of the amount of matter
in a particle or object, and is independent of external factors such as speed, acceleration, or
applied force (as long as relativistic effects are small enough to be neglected). Weight has
meaning only when an object having a specific mass is placed in an acceleration field. At the
Earth's surface, a kilogram mass weighs about 2.2 pounds, for example. But on Mars, the same
kilogram mass would weigh only about 0.8 pounds, and on Jupiter it would weigh roughly 5.5
pounds.

Tension
The act or process of stretching something tight. The condition of so being stretched. A force
tending to stretch or elongate something. The partial pressure of a gas, especially dissolved in a
liquid such as blood. Mental, emotional, or nervous strain.

Law of Accelaration
Newton's second law of motion can be formally stated as follows: The acceleration of an object
as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the
same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Centripetal Acceleration
Consider an object moving in a circle of radius r with constant angular velocity. The tangential
speed is constant, but the direction of the tangential velocity vector changes as the object
rotates. Definition:Centripetal Acceleration. Centripetal accelerationis the rate of change of
tangential velocity: =
Angular Displacement
The angular displacement is defined as the angle through which an object moves on a circular
path. It is the angle, in radians, between the initial and final positions. (f - i) = angular
displacement. = s/r.

Motion
Motion is the process of something moving or changing place, or even just changing position.
There are a lot of factors involved every time something moves. There are fewer factors
involved if an object moves at the same speed in a straight line. However, most movement
involves changing the speed of the movement and changing directions. Here is a list of terms
that go hand in hand with learning about motion:

Normal Force
In mechanics, the normal force is the component, perpendicular to the surface (surface being a
plane) of contact, of the contact force exerted on an object by, for example, the surface of a
floor or wall, preventing the object from falling.

Friction
To stop a moving object, a force must act in the opposite direction to the direction of motion.
For instance, if you push your book across your desk, the book will move. The force of the push
moves the book. As the book slides across the desk, it slows down and stops moving. The force
that opposes the motion of an object is called friction.
Law of Interaction
These two forces are called action and reaction forces and are the subject of Newton's
third law of motion. Formally stated, Newton's third law is: For every action, there is an equal
and opposite reaction. The statement means that in every interaction, there is a pair of forces
acting on the two interacting objects.

Centripetal Force
A centripetal force is a net force that acts on an object to keep it moving along a circular path.

In our article on centripetal acceleration, we learned that any object traveling along a circular

path of radius rrr with velocity vvv experiences an acceleration directed toward the center of its

path,

a = \frac{v^2}{r}a=rv2a, equals, start fraction, v, start superscript, 2, end superscript, divided by,

r, end fraction.

However, we should discuss how the object came to be moving along the circular path in the

first place. Newtons 1 law tells us that an object will continue moving along a straight path

unless acted on by an external force. The external force here is the centripetal force.

It is important to understand that the centripetal force is not a fundamental force, but just a

label given to the net force which causes an object to move in a circular path. The tension force

in the string of a swinging tethered ball and the gravitational force keeping a satellite in orbit

are both examples of centripetal forces. Multiple individual forces can even be involved as long

as they add up (by vector addition) to give a net force towards the center of the circular path.
Radius
The radius of a circle is the distance from its center to the circumference, and if you are working

on your geometry homework, or designing anything circular, you'll be writing down a little "r"

quite frequently, to stand for "radius." It's also the name of one of the bones in your forearm .