PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

Presented by:
SERGIO ANDRS FLREZ RODRGUEZ COD.: 111002912

UNIVERSITY OF THE LLANOS

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES
AGRONOMIC ENGINEERING PROGRAM
AGRONOMY G1 ENGLISH MODULE 4
VILLAVICENCIO-META
I-2017
 PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

Presented to:
FABIAN ANDRS FIERRO RIVEROS

UNIVERSITY OF THE LLANOS

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES
AGRONOMIC ENGINEERING PROGRAM
AGRONOMY G1 ENGLISH MODULE 4
VILLAVICENCIO-META
I-2017
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pg.
Introduction 4
Objectives...5
Justification.... 6
Marco Theoretical..7
Methodology...9
Conclusions.10
Bibliography 11
 INTRODUCTION

Culture of tissues in the country for the commercial production of ornamental and
fruit plants to what has motivated some flower are using it as a viable alternative in
their production programs.

Tissue culture is the method of in vitro culture of plant or animal cells, tissue or
organ on nutrient medium under aseptic conditions usually in a glass container.
Tissue culture is sometimes referred to as sterile culture or in vitro culture. By this
technique living cells can be maintained outside the body of the organism for a
considerable period.

According to Street (RAZDAN, 2004) tissue culture is referred to any multicellular

culture with protoplasmic continuity between cells and growing on a solid medium or
atta-ched to a substratum and nourished by a liquid medium.

By plant tissue culture of vegetal tissues is a reproduction technique in totally aseptic

conditions, in which from a small initial segment of tissue it is possible to regenerate
in a short time thousands or millions of plants genetically equal to the mother plant,
when this tissue is applied a stimulus by means of physical and chemical variables
controlled in a culture medium. Unlike traditional cultivation techniques, this powerful
tool allows the propagation of large volumes of plants in a shorter time; As well as
the handling of them in confined spaces. On the other hand, the technique is very
useful in obtaining pathogen-free plants; Homozygotic plants, in the production of
plants in danger of extinction, in genetic engineering studies, etc. The enormous
potential of this methodology has led to the increase in the number of laboratories in
the last 25 years.
 OBJECTIVES
General objective

To make known by using the Anglo-Saxon language because students are

praised the agronomic engineering career.

Specific objective

To express all the knowledge acquired in the English course in the

Agronomico context.
Interact with other students of different careers to reinforce the knowledge
acquired in the English course.
To make a presentation for the first fair of English "Expobull" on the selected
topic "cultivation of vegetal tissues".
 JUSTIFICATION

The cultivation of plant tissues is a technique that provides the field of agronomy,
biology and science at the end of a tool for the propagation of species of study and
species of economic interest plants in large volumes in a small space.

Colombia as a commodity knows is an agricultural country, with a decline in natural

resources where biotechnology can help solve and the country deserves it. Because
of this, the region of the Orinoquia as a gateway to the solution of agriculture should
focus on studies based on tissue culture.

The University of Los Llanos, presents the career of Agronomic Engineering where
it presents in its curricular mesh the deepening in biotechnology that, teaches about
the diverse techniques in which it is possible to develop the cultivation of vegetal
tissues. It is for this reason that it presents the work of cultivation of tissues so that
in the first place one can show to the interested ones that the university offers an
alternative in the natural sciences and second for those who know of the topic what,
in the English language there are a great diversity of topics related to the cultivation
of vegetal tissues.
 MARK THEORETICAL

1. Biotechnology

We can understand by biotechnology the series of industrial processes that involve

the use of living organisms, either plants, animals or microorganisms. Biotechnology
is the new industrial revolution. The idea underlying it is simple: why bother to
manufacture a product When a microbe, an animal or a plant (the real protagonists
of the biotechnology) can do it for us. This can be achieved fuels to medicines,
through plastics, food, vaccines, resources minerals, etc. Millions of years of
evolution are training them for it.

There are microorganisms for everything: there are that can live in water boiling, and
those who inhabit ice, passing by those who exist within the Earth's crust. They can
eat oil, wood, plastic, and even solid rocks. But despite everything, it is not always
easy to find the organism or cell suitable to produce a certain product. No problem:
they are created. Biotechnology has a powerful tool, the Genetic engineering. On
many occasions, biotechnology itself is confused

With her.

Biotechnology products flood our lives now. You don't have to wait for the future. It
is true that the most famous and marketed are those that concern health: Insulin,
lymphokines, interferon, growth hormone, erythropoietin, blood clotting factors,
multiple vaccines, antibiotics, vitamins, etc. But there are also insecticides,
renewable fuels, crops plants and animals improved in their production, systems of
control of pollution, dyes, livestock food, etc. and many more than soon they will be
marketed. The proof of the bright future that awaits biotechnology is what companies
like Shell, Exxon, Glaxo, Standard Oil, unclever, and many others, have their own
biotech division in the that invest large sums.

1.1. Biotechnology in the agriculture.

Advances in agricultural biotechnology are used to increase crop productivity,

especially by reducing production costs achieved by reducing the need for
pesticides, especially in temperate areas. The application of biotechnology can
improve the quality of life, creating higher yielding strains, or that can grow in diverse
environments, achieve a better rotation to conserve natural resources or more
nutritious plants, which are better preserved when stored or being transported. It
achieves a continuous supply of food at low cost. After two decades of intensive and
costly research, the commercial cultivation of transgenic plant varieties has taken
place in recent years with transgenic varieties of more than twenty plant species.
The most important, from a commercial point of view, are cotton, maize, soy and
rapeseed. The countries in which the crops were carried out include some of the
most important agricultural producers in the world: Argentina, Australia, Canada,
China, France, Mexico, South Africa, Spain and the USA. The most frequent
characteristics of the new varieties are the resistance to insects (cotton, maize),
resistance to the herbicides (soy) and slow ripening of the fruit (tomato). The
advantages obtained with these initial transgenic crops are: better control of insects
and weeds, higher productivity, and more flexible management of crops. The
beneficiaries are mainly farmers and agricultural companies, but also consumers
benefit, with the cheapest production of food. The most general benefits for the
environment and society are reflected in more sustainable agriculture and greater
food safety, thanks to the reduced use of pesticides. Combinations being tested in
emerging economies include varieties resistant to melon, papaya, clubfoot, tomato,
and peppers viruses; Rice, and insect-resistant tomatoes; Disease-resistant
potatoes, and slow-ripening chilies. It is also working to use plants such as maize,
and bananas as mini-factories to produce vaccines and biodegradable plastics.
 METHODOLOGY

At the University of Los Llanos, it was held in the first semester of 2017,
courses by English modules where students for careers but from different
semesters took classes to develop the ability in the English language. During
the course development, the students developed with a variety of works that
skill this for at the end make a presentation in the first fair of English
"ExpoBull" where a specific topic of the career is presented in which it is
studying but in this language.

The preparation for this fair, the classes were fundamental because in these
were given bases to achieve the preparation the written and verbal
presentation of the topic that is working for is, in this case the chosen topic
was "cultivation of vegetal tissues".

For the topic of cultivation of vegetal tissues, a presentation was made, annex
to this was made a script which helped for the exhibition of the topic in this
language and took some jars where they have plants in vitro to help people
to understand the subject.
 CONCLUSIONS

The course taught the students to focus their professional vision in another
language, to see the English language as an alternative to develop their
career not only in the Spanish language but in English that has a diversity of
new and updated works.

The "ExpoBull" intensive students to speak with more confidence on their

topic of interest in this case "cultivation of vegetal tissues" and thus to develop
better the technical management in this language.

In tissue culture, explant and operations related to in vitro incubation depend

to a large extent on the type of explant and the cultivation system employed;
So the techniques used are not exactly the same for meristems. Vitro cultures
require heterogeneous techniques where explant require controlled and
aseptic conditions.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

RAZDAN, M., 2004. Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture. En: Indiana :

Science Publisher, Inc., p. 13.

Biotecnologa. Steve Prentis. Biblioteca Cientfica Salvat. Salvat Editores.

The ecological risks of engineered crops. Rissler, J. And M. Mellon 1996.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
How biotechnology regulation sets a risk / ethics boundary. Levidow, L. and
S. Carr 1997. Agriculture and Human.
Biotecnologa y Alimentacin. Gloria Morcillo, Estrella Corts, Jose Luis
Garca. UNED