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PROBLEMA 1:
Halle
()
{ }
SOLUCIN:
()
{ }
cos
Si () = sin(), entonces () = , ademas (0) = 0
2
{ ()} = () ()
{ } = {()}
{ } = {()}
+
()
Por serie de potencias sabemos que () = +
= ( (+)! )
() () ()
() = + + = + +
! ! ! ! ! !
() () () ()
{()} =
+ +
/
! ! !
) ( (
)
= / [ ( ) + + ]
! !
/
=
/
/
{ } = /
= / /
PROBLEMA 2
SOLUCIN:
() = sin
:
sin()
() = {
0
2
1
{()} = ()
1 2
0
2
1
{()} = sin()
1 2
0
: = =
= sin() = cos()
: = =
= cos() = sin()
( sin() cos())
sin() =
2 + 1
1 ( sin() cos())
{()} = { }|
1 2 2 + 1 0
1 1 +
{()} = { }
1 2 2 + 1
{()} =
( )( + )
PROBLEMA 3
Encuentre la solucin de la siguiente ecuacin diferencial
SOLUCIN:
Entonces:
{} = 3 () 2 (0) (0) (0) = 3 () 3
{} = 2 () (0) (0) = 2 ()
{} = () (0) = ()
{} = ()
{cos()} =
2 + 1
3 2 + 10 + 3
= ( + + ) 4 + (2 + 3 + + 4 + ) 3
+ (2 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 4) 2 + (2 + 3 + + 2 + 5) + (
+ 2 + 2 + 2)
2 + 3 + + 4 + = 0
2 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 3
2 + 3 + + 2 + 5 = 10
+ 2 + 2 + 2 = 3
En donde: = 1, = 2, = 2, = 1, = 2
1 2 2 + 2
() = + 2
+ 2
+ 2 + 1 ( + 1) +1
1 2 2 + 2
() = 1 {()} = 1 { + 2
+ 2 }
+ 2 + 1 ( + 1) +1
() = 2 + 2 2 cos() + 2()
PROBLEMA 4:
()( ) = () + ()
SOLUCIN:
{()} = ()
!
{ } = =
{()} =
Remplazando:
() = () +
() () + ( )=
+
( )
, () = =
() = + () = () +
() = () = ()
PROBLEMA 5
SOLUCIN:
Aplicando la transformada de Laplace
L{(1-2t)y} = (sY(s) y(0)) + 2 [() (0)]
L{y} = Y(s)
Reemplazando:
(-s (s) 2sY(s) + 1) + (2s.Y(s) + (s+2)Y(s)-1) 2Y(s) = 0
-s(s-2)Y(s) = s.Y(s)
()
= (2)
()
INTEGRANDO
y(0)= K 2(0) = 1 K = 1
POR LO TANTO
y(t) =
PROBLEMA 6
Utilice el mtodo de las tranformadas de Laplace para resolver el problema de valor
inicial dado. Aqu x, y, etc. Denotan diferenciacin
SOLUCIN:
Aplicando T. de Laplace:
x3 x 2 y sent
L L
4 x y y cos t
1
sx( s ) 3x( s ) 2 y( s ) 2
s 1
4 x sy y s
4 x y ( s 1) s
(s) (s)
s2 1
s3 2
( s 2 2 s 5)
4 ( s 1)
1
2
s 1
2
s 7 1 7 15
11
s 1 s s
3s 1
s 1
2
x( s ) 2 10 2 10 10 10
( s 1)( s 2 s 5)
2
s 1 s 2s 5
2
7 1 7 11
4
x(t ) cos t sent et cos 2t et sen 2t
10 10 10 10
1
s 3
s 1
2
s
4
y( s ) s 1
2
s 2 3s 4
2
( s 1)( s 2 s 5)
2
1 3s 5
2 2
s 2s 5 ( s 1)( s 2s 5)
2
3 11 7 11
y(t ) et sen 2t cos t sent et cos 2t
10 10 10 10
7 7
(0) = 0 0 0 = 0
10 10
11 11
(0) = 0 0 0 = 0
10 10
PROBLEMA 7:
Resolver:
{ + + =
+ =
SOLUCION:
[ + ] = [ ]
{
[ ] = []
[ () () ()] + [() ()] () = ,
{ +
[ () () ()] [() ()] () = ,
[ ()] + [()] () =
{ +
[ ()] [()] () =
+
( )() + () =
{ +
() + ( )() =
( ) ( )
= =
( + ) ( + )
( ) ( ) + + +
() = = = [ + + ]
( + )( + ) ( + )( + ) ( + ) ( + )
= , = , = , = . =
() = [ + + ]
( + ) ( + )
() = [ +
+ ]
( + ) ( + )
= [ ] + [
] + [ ]
( + ) ( + )
[ ] = ; [ ] = ;
( + )
[ ] =
[ ]
[ ]
( + ) ( + ) ( + )
[ ] = [ ] = ( );
( + ) ( + )( + )
() + ( )
( ) = ()( ) = [ ]
() ( )
=[ ]
() () () ()
( ) = [ + ] = ;
()
[ ] = ( ) = ;
( + )
[ ] = [ ] = ( )
( + ) ( + )( + )
( ) ()
= ()( ) = [ ] ;
( ) () ()
[
]=[ ] =
( + )
[ ]=
( + )
[
] = [ ][ ] = +
( + )
() = [ ] + [
] + [ ]
( + ) ( + )
() = + [ + ] + []
() = + . + . +
+ + =
=
= + . + . +
= + . . + .
= . ;
= + . . ;
= + + . + .
( + . + . + );
= +
= ( + )
= + + ;
() = , entonces = ;
La solucion es:
() = + . + . +
{
() = + +
PROBLEMA 8
2
2
+ 9 = 3 ( )
2
Para resolver esta ecuacin diferencial primero recurrimos a la transformada de
Laplace:
2
[ 2 + 9 ] = [ 3 ( )]
2
Resolviendo:
2 () (0) (0) + 9() = 3 2
() = cos 3 3 ( ) ( ) ;
2 2
a)
cos 3 <
() = { cos 3 3 ( ) 2
2
2
b)
3 2
( ) = cos = ,
4 4 2
() = cos 3 3 ( ) = 1 (1) = 0
2
PROBLEMA 9.
Un sistema vibratorio compuesto de un resorte de constante k=4N/m, un
amortiguador de c=6Ns/m, tiene adherido una bola metlica de 20 Newton de peso.
Determine la forma en que vibra la masa si inicialmente est en la posicin de
equilibrio y sin velocidad inicial, y si desde el tiempo t=0 acta una fuerza perturbadora
definida as:
100 ; (0,2]
() = {
400 100; (2,4]
SOLUCION:
La ecuacin diferencial que representa al sistema masa-resorte es:
2
2
+ + = ()
Asumiendo que la aceleracin de la gravedad es 10 2 :
20
= = = 2 .
10
2
2 2
+6 + 4 = ()
Analizando a F(t), notamos en el grfico que es seccionalmente continua:
2
[2 2
+6 + 4] = [100 200( 2)2 () 100( 4)4 ()]()
()
1 1
1 1
2
[()]() = 50 [ 2 ] 100 [ 2 ]
( + 2)( + 1) () ( + 2)( + 1) ()
1
4
50 [ 2 ]
( + 2)( + 1) ()
Hallando las transformadas inversas por separado:
1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 [2 (+2)(+1)] = [ ]() + 2 1 [2 ]() 4 1 [+2] +
() 4 ()
1 3 2
1 [+1] = +2 +
() 4 4
2 3 2 2(2)
1 [2 (+2)(+1)] = 2 ()[ 4 + + (2) ]
() 2 4
4 3 4 2(4)
1 [2 (+2)(+1)]() = 4 ()[ 4 + + (4) ]
2 4
Reemplazando:
75 25 2
3 2 2(2)
() = + 25 + 50 1002 () [ + + (2) ]
2 2 4 2 4
3 4 2(4)
504 () [ + + (4) ]
4 2 4
75 25 2
+ 25 + 50 = 50 12.5 2 + 25 37.5
2 2
75 25 2 3 2 2(2)
+ 25 + 50 100 [ 4 + + (2) ] =
2 2 2 4
50 (1 + 2 2)
12.5 2 (1 + 2 4 ) + 75 212.5
75 25 2 3 2 2(2)
+ 25 + 50 100 [ 4 + + (2) ]
2 2 2 4
3 4 2(4)
50 [ 4 + + (4) ]
2 4
Finalmente:
SOLUCION:
2
5 2 + . = 0
50
== = 25 /
2 2
Para resolver aquella ecuacin diferencial ordinaria aplicamos la
transformada de Laplace a ambos lados de la ecuacin, esto es:
2
[5 + 25] = [0];
2
5 2 () 5(0) 5 (0) + 25() = 0
5 5
5 2 () 5 + 25() = 0 ; (5 2 + 25)() = 5 + ;
3 3
1 1
( 2 + 5)() = + ; () = + 3(2 +5) ;
3 (2 +5)
1 1
() = 1 [ + ] = 1 [ 2 ] + 1 [ 2 ]=
( 2 2
+ 5) 3( + 5) ( + 5) 3( + 5)
5 1 1 5
= 5 + 1 [ ] = 5 + [ 2 ]=
35( 2 + 5) 35 +5
1
= 5 + 5
35
PROBLEMA 11:
Un circuito RLC con R=12 ohmios, L=1H, C=0.01 faradios se conecta a una batera
que transmite un voltaje que transmite un voltaje de 20 voltios. Si el interruptor
esta inicialmente apagado y se lo enciende despues de 10 segundos
permaneciendo conectado por un lapso de 20 segundos y luego desconectada
definitivamente. Si inicialmente no hay carga en el condensador y la corriente
inicial es cero, determine:
a) La carga acumulada en el condensador en los tiempos t=5s y t=20s.
SOLUCIN:
Se sabe que:
+ + = () = ( ) ( )
{ } + { } + { } = {()}
() + () + () = [ ]
( + + )() = [ ]
() = [ ]
( + + ) ( + + )
+
+ + + + + =
+ +
De donde:
=
=
=
( )( +
)
+ +
+ +
() = [ (
) (
( + ) + ( + ) + ( + ) +
]
( + ) +
() = {()}
() = [( () ( ) () ( )) ()]
( () ( )
() ( )) ()
Cuando t=5s
() =
Cuando t=20s
() ()
() = ( ) ( )
() =
() =
() = (. ) (. )
() = .
()
b. () =
()
0; < 10
6
6 6(10) cos(8( 10)) +8 6(10) sen(8( 10)) + (6 6(10) sen(8( 10)) 8 6(10) cos(8( 10)))
8 ; 10 30
5
6
= 6 6(10) cos(8( 10)) + 8 6(10) sen(8( 10)) + (6 6(10) sen(8( 10)) 8 6(10) cos(8( 10)))
8
5
6
6 6(30) cos(8( 30)) + 8 6(30) sen(8( 10)) + (6 6(30) sen(8( 30)) 8 6(30) cos(8( 30)))
8 ; > 30
{ 5
Cuando t =8s
() =0;
Cuando t=40s
(40) =
6
6 6(4010) cos(8(4010))+8 6(4010) sen(8(4010))+ (6 6(4010) sen(8(4010))8 6(4010) cos(8(4010)))
8
5
-
6
6 6(4030) cos(8(4030))+8 6(4030) sen(8(4010))+ (6 6(4030) sen(8(4030))8 6(4030) cos(8(4030)))
8
5
PROBLEMA 12
Un circuito LRC con R =150 ohmios, L=1 Henrio, C=0.0002 faradios en t=0 se le
aplica un voltaje que crece linealmente de 0 a 100 voltios, durante 10 segundos,
para luego cesar por tiempo indefinidos. Si inicialmente no hay carga en el
condensador y la corriente inicial es cero, determine:
L=1H
C=2*104 F (0) = 0
1
+ + = ()
Encontrando la transformada:
10
= 2+ + +
2 ( + 50)( + 100) + 50 + 100
= 1/500
{ = 3/50000 = 1/50000
= 1/12500
= 1/50
100
= + + { = 1/25
( + 50)( + 100) + 50 + 100
= 1/50
1 100 3 4 1
() = [ 2 + ]
50000 + 50 + 100
10 100 3 4 1
[ 2 + ]
50000 + 50 + 100
10 1 2 1
[ 2 + ]
50 + 50 + 100
1
() = [100 3 + 4 50 100 ]
50000
1
[100( 10) 3 + 4 50(10) 100(10) ]10 ()
50000
1
[1 2 50(10) + 100(100) ]10 ()
50
1
() = [100 3 + 4 50 100 ] < 10
50000
1
{ [100 3 + 4 50 100 ]
50000
1 1
[100( 10) 3 + 4 50(10) 100(10) ] [100
50000 50
2 50(10) + 100(10) ]} , 10
1
() = [100 3 + 4 50 100 ] < 10
50000
1 1
{ [1000 + 4 50 4 50(10) 100 + 100(10) ] [1 2 50(10)
50000 50
+ 100(10) ]} , 10
Q(20segundos)=0
()
() =
1 100
() = (1 + 999 1000 2 50 998 50 (10 + ) ); > 10
500
(20) = 0
PROBLEMA 13
Use la transformada de Laplace para resolver la ecuacin integral o la ecuacin integro
diferencial.
SOLUCIN:
a)
t
f (t ) (t r ) f (r )dr t
0
t
L f (t ) L (t r ) f (r )dr L t
0
1
f ( s ) L f (r ) * g (t ) 2
s
1
f ( s ) L f ( r ) L t 2
s
1 1
f ( s) f ( s) 2 2
s s
1 1
f ( s) 1 2 2
s s
1
f ( s) 2
s 1
Aplicando la inversa de Laplace
1
L1 f ( s ) L1 2
s 1
f (t ) sent
b)
f(t) = t + ( )
1 1
F(s) = (1)2 + ()2 ()
()2
F(s) = (+1)(1)3
()2
= + + +
( + 1)( 1)3 + 1 1 ( 1)2 ( 1)3
A = - 1/8 B= 1 /8 C = D = 1/ 2
c)
t
f (t ) f (r )dr 1
0
t
L f (t ) L f (r )dr L 1
0
f (s) 1
f (s)
s s
1 1
f ( s ) 1
s s
1
f (s)
s 1
1
L1 f ( s) L1
s 1
f (t ) e t
d)
f(t) = + ( ) ()
L {1} + L {} + L {( 3 )} .L {f(t))} + {cost} + L {2}
1 1 8 6 1 1
F(s) = + 2 + 3 .F(s) + 2 (2+4 ) + (2+4 )
4 4
2 + 16 1 1 1
F(s) = + .F(s) + 2 (2+4 ) + (2+4 )
3 4 2
16 2 + +1
F(s)[1 - 4 ] = + (2.( 2 + )
3 4)
4 16 34 +33 + 82 +8
F(s)[ ] =
4 23 (2 +4)
3 5 + 3 4 + 8 3 + 8 2
() =
2( 4 16)( 2 + 4)
15 5 1 7 (1 + )
() = + + +
32 (2 + ) 32 (2 + ) (4 + 2 )2 8 (4 + 2 )
Transformada inversa:
5 2 15 2 7
() = + + (sin(2 ) + 2 cos(2 ))
32 32 16
1
+ (4 sin(2 ) sin(2 ) + 2 cos(2 ))
16
e)
t
y(t ) 1 sin t y (r )dr
0
y (0) 0
t
L y(t ) L 1 sin t y (r )dr
0
1 1 y( s)
sy ( s ) 0 2
s s 1 s
1 1 1
y(s) s 2
s s s 1
1 s
y( s) 2 2
s 1 ( s 1) 2
1 s
L1 y ( s ) L1 2 2 2
s 1 ( s 1)
s s 1
L1 2 2
L1 2 . 2
( s 1) s 1 s 1
s s
g ( s ) 2 ...........g (t ) L1 2 cos t
s 1 s 1
1 1
f (s) .......... f ( s) L1 2 sin t
s 1
2
s 1
s t t
1
L 2 2
f (u ) g (t u ) sin u.cos(t u )du
( s 1) 0 0
s t
L1 2 2
sin u.(cos t cos u sin t sin u ) du
( s 1) 0
s t t
1
L 2 2
cos t sin u cos udu sin t sin 2 udu
( s 1) 0 0
t
sin 2 u
t
1 s u sin u cos u
L 2 2
cos t sin t
( s 1) s 0 2 2 0
1 s cos t sin 2 t t sin t sin 2 t cos t t sin t
L 2 2
( s 1) 2 2 2 2
1 s
L1 y ( s ) L1 2 2 2
s 1 ( s 1)
t sin t
y (t ) sin t
2
PROBLEMA 14
Demuestra las siguientes propiedades de la funcin gamma, definida como
SOLUCIN:
PRBLEMA 15
Comprueba que la funcion de transferencia del sistema
1
ay(t) + by(t) + cy(t) = x(t), t>0, viene dada por: H(s) = 2 ++
{ } + { } + {} = {()}
SI x(t)= ()
{ } + { } + {} = {()}
Seria:
Queda:
[ 2 ()] + [()] + () = 1
1
() = = ()
2 + +
PROBLEMA 16
R1 I 3 (t )
I 2 (t )
E I1 (t ) L
C
R2
SOLUCIN: Hallemos L(()) :
+
L(()) = . ()
0
4 +
= . 120 + . 120 4 . cos 3
0 4
4 +
= 120 + 120 . 4 cos 3
0 4
=+4
+
1 4
= 120 ( ) + 120 (+4) . 416 . cos(3 + 12)
0
resolvemos
+ (+4)
0 . cos(3 + 12)
du v
+ (+4)
(+4)
= cos(3 + 12). . ((3 + 12))3
( + 4) 0 ( + 4)
cos(12) 3 + (+4)
= +4 0 (3 + 12)
4
du v
(12) 3 (+4)
= ( . (3 + 12)
4 ( + 4) ( + 4)
+
(+4)
. cos(3 + 12) 3
0 ( + 4)
+
cos(12) 3 9
= (12) (+4) . cos(3 + 12)
4 4 ( + 4) 0
+ ( + 4)2
(+4)
(12) 3
(3 + 12) = ( (12)) . ( )
0 4 4 ( + 4)2 + 9
1 4 (12) 3 ( + 4)2
L(()) = 120 ( ) + 120. 416 . ( (12)) . ( )
4 4 ( + 4)2 + 9
Del grfico tenemos:
t
() = 60 I1 + 10 I2 (s)ds 1
0
t
0=6 I3 + 60 I3 + 10 I2 (s)ds malla 2
0
Aplico transformada
L( I2 )
() = 60( I1 ) + 10 s L(E) = 60 ( I1 ) + 10L( I2 )
s
L( I2 )
0 = 6 ( I3 ) 6 I3(0) + 60L( I3 ) + 10
s
0 = 6 2 ( I3 ) + 60( I3 ) + 10L( I2 )
I1 = I2 + I3 L( I1 ) = L( I2 ) + L( I3 )
0 = (6 2 + 60)( I3 ) + 10L( I2 )
10L( I2 )
6. ( I3 ) =
(s + 10)
10( I2 )
() = + (103 + 60)( I2 )
( + 10)
Reemplazando tenemos:
10 s 103
( I2 ) = + +( 2 )60
s + 10 s + 60 s + 60
1
I2 = 10e10t + cos(60t) + 60 10. (60)
60
PROBLEMA 17
z '(0) 6 ; y '(0) 12
y '(t ) z '(t ) z ( t ) 0
t
y '(t ) y (t ) 4 z (u ) du 10 0
() + () + 4 () + 10 = 0
0
() + () + () = 0
(0) = 12
{ (0) = 6
SOLUCIN:
()+()+4 0 ()
L(
()+()+()
) = (10
0
)
4() 10
() (0) + () + = )
( )
() (0) + () (0) + () = 0
4() 10
( + 1)() + + 12
( )=( )
() + ( + 1)() 6
4
+1
= = ( + 1)2 4
+1
10 4
+ 12 2
() = 6 + 1 = 12 + 2 34
( + 3)( 1)
A=34/3
B=17/3
C=-5
34 1 17 1 1
() = ( )+ ( ) + (5)( )
3 3 +3 1
34 1 17 1 1
1 {()} = 1 { ( )} + 1 { ( )} + 1 {(5)( )}
3 3 +3 1
34 17
() = + 3 5
3 3
10
+ 1 12
(16 6)
() = 6 =
( + 3)( 1)
16 6
= +
( + 3)( 1) + 3 1
A=5/2
B=-17/2
17 1 5 1
() = ( ) + ( )( )
2 +3 2 1
17 1 5 1
1 {()} = 1 { ( )} + 1 {( )( )}
2 +3 2 1
17 3 5
() = +
2 2
PROBLEMA 18
y (0) 2
y '(0) 1
y ''(t ) 2 y '(t ) y (t ) sen(4t ) te t t 2 et 8 (t )
2
SOLUCIN:
(0) = 2
(0) = 1
() + 2 () + () = (4) + + 82 ()
2 () 2 1 + 2() 2 2 + ()
4 1 2 2
= 2 + 2
+ 3
+ + 8 2
+ 16 ( 1) ( 1) ( + 1)3
4 1 2 2
()[ 2 + 2 + 1] 2 5 = + + + + 8 2
2 + 16 ( 1)2 ( 1)3 ( + 1)3
4 1 2 2
+ + + + 8 2 + 2 + 5
2 + 16 ( 1)2 ( 1)3 ( + 1)3
() =
2 + 2 + 1
4 1 2 2
() = + + +
( 2 + 16)( + 1) 2 2
( 1) ( + 1) 2 3
( 1) ( + 1)2 ( + 1) ( + 1)2
3
8 2 2 5
+ 2
+ 2
+
( + 1) ( + 1) ( + 1)2
4 1 2
1 { ()} = 1 { } + 1 { } + 1 { }
( 2
+ 16)( + 1) 2 2
( 1) ( + 1) 2 ( 1) ( + 1)2
3
2 8 2 2
+ 1 { 3 2 } + 1
{ 2 } + 1 { }
( + 1) ( + 1) ( + 1) ( + 1)2
5
+ 1 { }
( + 1)2
1 15 8
() = 2 + 1 + 3 (4) cos(4)
6 289 289
PROBLEMA 19
() = 4 2 0 ()2( ); (0 = 2)
SOLUCIN:
() (0) = 2 +16 2() 2 +4
2
() 2 = 2 +16 () 2 +4
2
() + () 2 +4 = 2 +16 + 2
2
() ( + 2 +4) = 2 +16 + 2
2 +16 2
() = 3 +6
+ 3 +6
2 +4 2 +4
2 +4 2(2 +4)
() = (2 +16)(2 +6) + (2 +6)
3 1 7 1 4 1
() = 10 . (2 +16) + 15 . (2 +6) + 3 .
Entonces:
3 7 4
() = 4 + 6 +
10 156 3
PROBLEMA 20
Resuelva el PVI:
F(t)
4
2 6 8 10 t
Solucion :
Aplicamos L al PVI:
L X t L 4 X t L 8 X t L F t
s 2 x ( s ) sx (0) x(0) 4 sx ( s ) x (0) 8 x( s ) f ( s )
x( s ) s 2 4 s 8 f ( s ) 1
f (s) 1
x( s )
s 2 4s 8 s 2 4s 8
Pero:
f ( s ) L F t
2
e st * 2t * dt
F (t 2 ) F (t ) L F t
0
(1 e 2 s )
2 s 2 s
4e 2e 2
f (s)
(1 e 2 s ) s (1 e 2 s ) s 2 (1 e 2 s ) s 2
Se sabe que:
1
qn
1 q n 0
1
2 s
e 2 sn
1 e n 0
e 2 s
2 s
e 2 sn * e 2 s e 2 s ( n 1) si hacemos n n-1
1 e n 0 n 0
e 2 s
2 s
e 2 sn
1 e n 1
Reemplazando:
e 2 sn 2
e 2 sn 2
e 2 sn
f ( s ) 4
n 1 s n 1 s2 n 0 s2
e 2 sn 2
e 2 sn 2 1
e 2 sn
f ( s ) 4 2
n 1 s n 1 s 2
s n 1 s2
e 2 sn 2
f ( s ) 4
n 1 s s2
Ahora:
e 2 sn 2 1
x( s ) 4 ..........( )
n 1 s ( s 4 s 8) s 2 ( s 2 4 s 8) s 2 4 s 8
2
Hacemos:
1 1
r (s)
s 2 4 s 8 ( s 2) 2 2 2
e 2t Sen 2t
r (s)
1
L
2
1 2 u
r (s) e 2t Sen 2t e 2t Cos 2t 1
t
e Sen 2u * du
L s 2
8
8
8
0
1 2 u
r (s) t t e Sen 2u * du e 2t Cos 2t 1 t
L s 2 0 0 2
16
16 8
Aplicamos L1 a ( ) y reemplazando :
e 2 sn * r ( s ) 2 1 r ( s )
L1 x ( s ) 4 L 1* * L * s 2 L r (s)
1
n 1 s
r (s) 2 e 2t Cos 2t 1 t e 2t Sen 2t
X (t ) 4 U 2 n (t ) * L 1* *( )
n 1 s ( t 2 n ) 16 16 8 2
Finalmente:
e 2( t 2 n ) Sen 2(t 2n ) e 2( t 2 n )Cos 2(t 2n ) 1 1 e 2t Cos 2t 1 t e 2t Sen 2t
X (t ) U 2 n (t )( ) *( )
n 1 2 2 2 8 8 4 2
PROBLEMA 22:
SOLUCION:
1
El punto x = 0 es singular pues p(x) = no es analtica en dicho punto. Pero x
2x
1 x2
p(x) = y x2 q(x) = , son ambas analticas en x = 0. (Es decir que x = 0 es
2 2
punto singular regular de la ecuacin). Los radios de convergencia de los
desarrollos de x p(x) y x2 q(x) en torno a 0 son ambos . Existe por tanto
solucin de la ecuacin por el mtodo de Frobenius, vlida al menos x 0.
Supngase en principio x > 0.
Al menos hay una solucin de la forma y ( x ) an x nr
n0
2 (n r )(n r 1)a xn
n r 1
+ (n r )a xn
n r 1
+ an x nr 1 0
n 0 n0 n0
r1 1 2
Coeficiente de xr-1 : 2r (r 1) r a0 0 a0 0 r (2r 1) 0
r2 0
Coeficiente de xn+r-1 : 2(n r )(n r 1) (n r )an an2 0 , es decir I(n+r) an= - an-2
an2
Por tanto : an n2 Ley de recurrencia
(n r )(2n 2r 1)
an2
Para r r1 12 an y como a1 = 0 , resulta :
(2n 1)n
a1 a3 a5 ... a2 n1 ... 0
a2 n 2 ( 1) n a0
a
2n
2n(4n 1) (2n)!!5 9 ... (4n 1)
a1 a3 a5 ... a2 n1 0
an2
Para r r2 0 an ( 1) n a0
(2n 1)n a
2 n (2n)!!3 7 ... (4n 1)
( 1) n x 2 n
1
y1 ( x ) x 2
1 x0
n 1
(2n)!!5 9 ... (4n 1)
Luego :
( 1) n x 2 n
y2 ( x ) 1 (2n)!!3 7 ... (4n 1)
x
n1
Solucin general : y A y1 ( x) B y2 ( x) x 0
PROBLEMA 24
Defina: