PrimarySources

NewspapersAllofthesearticleswereaccessedthroughmicrofilm.
"CauseoftheStrikeandaRemedy."ChicagoDailyTribunen.d.,July23,1877ed.,Pg.4sec.:n.pag.
Print.
ThisSourcecamefromaJuly23,1877editionoftheChicagoDailyTribune.Thenewspaperallowedmeto
understandwhatcausedthestrikeandhowpeoplebackthenweretryingtosolvetheproblem.Iwas
abletoaccessthissourcefromMicrofilmattheWisconsinHistoricalSociety.Iusedquotesfromthis
sourceonmywebsite.

"TheGreatStrike."ChicagoDailyTribune23July1877,July23,1877ed.,Pg.4sec.:4.Web.14Jan.
2014.
ThisnewspaperarticlefromJuly23,1877suggestedthatrailroadsadoptnewpoliciestofittheneedsof
worker'sandpreventrailroadsfromgettingbankrupt.Thearticlehasallowedmetoseehowthepublic
wasthinkingaboutthestrikeandhowtheythinkthestrikeshouldberesolved.
"TheChicagoStrike."ChicagoInterOcean25July1877,Pg.4sec.:n.pag.Print.
TheChicagoStrikearticlestellsabouthowthestrikebeganinChicago.ThisarticletoldmeabouthowChicago
handledthestrikeandhowthenewspapersupportsthestrikers.
"TheStrikeatHome."PittsburghDailyPost20July1877:n.pag.Web.
TheStrikeathomearticledescribedthesceneofthestrike.Italsotoldmeabouttheimpactthestrikehadon
theentireregion.
"StatusoftheStrike."PittsburghDailyPost21July1877:n.pag.Print.
ThisarticledescribesthestatusoftheBaltimoreandOhiorailroadstrike.Atthistime,thestrikehasn'tspread
toPittsburghyet.Thisarticlehelpedmeunderstandthestagesofthestrikeandhowseriousitwasat
thetime.
"TheStrike."St.LouisDispatchJan.Feb.2014:n.pag.Print.
Thisnewspaperarticledescribedthestrikeasitspreadtonewtowns.Itallowedmegraspthefeelingof
knowinghowthepeoplefeltwhenthestrikereachedtheircity.
"THEBALTIMOREANDOHIOR.R.STRIKE."TheBaltimoreSun18July1877:n.pag.Print.
Thisarticletoldmeabouthowseriousthestrikewas.Italsotoldmeabouthowuselessthemilitiawasduring
thestrike.
"AlongthePennsylvaniaRoad."NewYorkTimes22July1877:n.pag.Print.
ThissourceallowedmetounderstandwhatthemilitiawasthinkingduringtheGreatRailroadStrikeof1877.It
showedmehowproudthemilitiacouldbeattimes.
"TheGreatRailroadStrike."NewYorkTimes21July1877:n.pag.Print.
Thissourceallowedmetounderstandwhatpeoplethoughtaboutthestrikethen.Italsotoldmethecauseof
thegreatrailroadstrikeof1877.
Books
Dacus,J.A.Hon.AnnalsoftheGreatStrikesintheUnitedStates.Chicago:L.T.Palmer&,1877.Print.
Thissourcewasveryusefulformebecauseithelpedmeunderstandwhythestrikehappened.Itdescribedthe
eventsofthestrikeandlocationsveryclearlylettingmegetafullgraspofwhatwashappeningback
then.

Lithographs/images
FrankLesliesIllustratedNewspaper,14July187718August1877:n.page.Print
Thissourcewasextremelyusefulbecauseitillustratedalloftheeventsgoingonatthetimeofthestrike.Iused
manylithographsfromthisnewspaper.

AMobAttackingaTrainAtHornellsville,OnJuly22d.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustratedNewspaper,n.p.
Thislithographwasveryusefulindescribingtheeventsthatoccurredduringthestrike.Thepicturesdescribed
thesceneandtheeventsveryclearly.

ASkirmishBetweentheRiotersandPoliceInEutawStreet,Baltimore.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustrated
Newspaper,n.p.
Thislithographwasoftheskirmishbetweenriotersandmilitia.Thissourceillustratedthetensionduringthe
strikeandwhatstrikerswoulddoinordertogetwhatisright.
AnArmedMobMarchingToTheSceneofActionInPittsburgh.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustrated
Newspaper,n.p.
Thisimageshowedthestrikerspatriotismandhowthestrikerswerefightingfortheirrights.Fromthisimage,I
realizedthatthestrikeitselfwaslikeaminirevolution.
AnEngineerLiftedFromHisTrainByAMobAtNewark,July20th.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustrated
Newspaper,n.p.
Thisimageshowedmehowstrikerswouldpreventpeoplewhoactuallywantedtoworkfromworking.Ittold
mehowRutherfordB.Hayesinawaywasrightabouthowstrikersdonothavearighttoprevent
peoplewhowanttoworkfromdoingtheirjobs.
CarryingOfftheDead.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustratedNewspaper,n.p.
Thispictureillustratestheviolencethatpeoplesawinthenewspaperatthetime.Itremindedmethatpeople
actuallydiedinordertogetwhattheywanted.
PennsylvaniaAttemptToArrestARioterAtPittsburgh.1877.FrankLeslie'sIllustratedNewspaper,n.p.
Thisimageshowedmehowapeoplerefusedtobearrestedinordertostrike.Peoplewereevenkilledifthey
werentarrested.

PhotographsReproducedwithpermissionfromowner
Albee,S.V.28thStandUpperRoundHouse,CitizensShotHere.1877.Photograph.PrivateCollectionof
S.V.Albee,Pittsburgh.RailroadsandtheMakingofModernAmerica.WilliamG.Thomas.Web.
15Jan.2014.
<http://railroads.unl.edu/documents/view_document.php?views%5B0%5D=Strike&rends%5B0%5D=
photograph&id=rail.dev.0062>.
ThisSourcewasextremelyhelpfultomebecauseitwasoneoftheonlyphotographstakenafterthestrike.It
showedmehowmuchdamagethestrikerscausedandwhattheywoulddotofightfortheirrights.

Albee,S.V.TheGreatRailroadStrike,InteriorsofUpperRoundHouse.1877.Photograph.Private
CollectionofS.V.Albee,Pittsburgh.RailroadsandtheMakingofModernAmerica.WilliamG.
Thomas.Web.16Jan.2014.
<http://railroads.unl.edu/documents/view_document.php?views%5B0%5D=Strike&rends%5B0%5D=
photograph&id=rail.dev.0061>.
Justlikethefirstpicture,thisimageshowsthedamagethatthestrikerscaused.Afterobservingtheimage,I
realizedwhatthestrikerswoulddoinordertogaintheirrightsandwages.

Albee,S.V.TheGreatRailroadStrike,Opposite32ndand31stSts.1877.Photograph.PrivateCollection
 ofS.V.Albee,Pittsburgh.RailroadsandtheMakingofModernAmerica.WilliamG.Thomas.Web.
<http://railroads.unl.edu/documents/view_document.php?views%5B0%5D=Strike&rends%5B0%5D=
photograph&id=rail.dev.0060>.
ThissourceisphotographthatshowsthedamageinPittsburgh.Thisimagetoldmemuchaboutthestrikersin
generalandwhattheydidduringthestrike.

Cartoons
"RiotersRailroadtoRuin."Cartoon.PuckHumorousWeekly.N.p.:PUCK,1877.89.Print.
Thissourceallowedmetoknowhowthepublicandnewspapersfeltaboutthestrike.Thisimagetome
representsthecapitalistsindanger/distressbecauseofthestrikers.

"DiggingTheirOwnGraves."Cartoon.PuckHumorousWeekly.NewYork:Puck,1877.Print.
Thiscartoonallowedmetounderstandwhatthepublishingcompaniesthoughtaboutthestrike.Apparently,
theythoughtthatthestrikewasfoolishandthattheywerecausingtheirowndeath.

Diary
Hayes,RutherfordB.,andCharlesRichardWilliams.DiaryandLettersofRutherfordBirchardHayes,
NineteenthPresidentoftheUnitedStates.Columbus,O.:OhioStateArchologicalandHistoricalSociety,
1922.Print
ThissourcewasextremelyhelpfulingivingmetheviewsofthePresidentduringthestrike.Thisdiaryalsogave
methepoliticalandeconomicalinsightsofthecountryatthetime.

SecondarySources
websites
"GreatRailroadStrikeof1877."Wikipedia.WikimediaFoundation,28Nov.2013.Web.DecFeb.
20132014.<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Railroad_Strike_of_1877>.
Thissourcesgavemeabriefoverviewofmytopic.Itallowedmetounderstandthecauseandeffectofmy
topic.Atthebottomofthepage,itledmetomoresourcesthatIusedforresearch.
Shelton,Josh."TheGreatRailroadStrikeof1877."TheGreatRailroadStrikeof1877.N.p.,n.d.Web.
Jan.Feb.2013.<http://www.socialistappeal.org/uslaborhistory/great_railroad_strike_of_1877.htm>.
Thiswebsitewasveryhelpfulingivinginformationonwhythestrikestartedandhowiteventuallyended.Itis
verydetailedandallowedmeunderstandeverything.

Thomas,WilliamG."RailroadsandtheMakingofModernAmerica."RailroadsandtheMakingofModern
America.N.p.,n.d.Web.Jan.Feb.2014.<http://railroads.unl.edu/topics/strike.php>.
Thiswebsitewasthemosthelpfulone.ItwasrecommendedbyaprofessorIcontactedandthissourcegave
mealltheprimarysourcesIneeded.ThewebsitealsohadgreatinfoaboutthestrikethatIwasableto
incorporateintomywebsite.

"NewYorkStateLibrary."HistoricalBackground:GreatRailroadStrike1877:TeacherGuide:.N.p.,
n.d.Web.Winter2013.<http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/teacherguides/strike/background.htm>.
ThiswasmysecondsourceIused.Ifounditafterdoingawebsearch.Thissourcebrokedownthestrikefor
meandtoldmeaboutcertainevents.
"DigitalHistory."DigitalHistory.N.p.,n.d.Web.Jan.Feb.2014.
<http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3189__>.
Thissourcegavemealittlemorebackgroundinfothatleduptothestrike.Itscontentswerelikethoseofother
websitesbutstillhelpedalot.
"RailroadStrikeof1877HistoricalMarker."ExplorePAhistory.com.HistoricalMarkers,n.d.Web.
Jan.Feb.2014.<http://explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=1A1C1__>.
Thiswebsitegavemeabroaderunderstandingofthestrikeinindividualplaces.Ialsowasabletounderstand
whathappenedaftertheGreatRailroadStrikeof1877andhowitwasresolved.

Books
Bellesiles,MichaelA.1877:America'sYearofLivingViolently.NewYork:New,2010.Print.
Thisbookwasmyfirstintroductiontomytopic.MymomborroweditfromthelibraryandIwasreallyintothe
bookbecausetheauthorwasreallygoodatdescribingtheeventsthatledtotheGreatRailroadStrike
of1877.
Hart,Diane,andBertBower."14.4StrikesEruptNationwide."HistoryAlive!:PursuingAmericanIdeals.
PaloAlto,CA:Teachers'CurriculumInstitute,2008.N.pag.Print.
Thissourcewasfromourhistorytextbookatschool.ItgavemebasicknowledgethatIneededinorderto
understandthegreatrailroadstrikeof1877.
Video
PBS."ChicagoCityoftheCentury."AmericanExperience.PBS.N.d.Television.
Thissourcegavemegoodinformationontheviewsofboththecapitalistsandthestrikers.Italsomademe
understandtheeffectsthestrikehadonthecity.

Articles
Lee,Jennifer."NewYorkandthePanicof1873."(n.d.):n.pag.Web.
Thisarticlewasgiventousinclass.ItwasveryusefulbecauseithelpedmeunderstandtheFinancialPanicof
1873andtheeconomyof1800sAmerica.