KERALA

TECHNOLOGI
UNIVERSITY
Master of Technology

Curriculum, Syllabus and Course Plan

Cluster :01

Branch :Mechanical

Stream :Thermal
Science
Year :2105

No. of :66
Credits
 SEMESTER 1

End Semester
Examination Slot

Examination

Course Number

Internal Marks
Name L-T-P

Duration

Credits
(hours)
Marks
A Applied Mathematics 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
B Advanced Thermodynamics 3-1-0 40 60 3 4

C Advanced Heat Transfer 3-0-0 40 60 3 3

D Incompressible and Compressible Flow 3-0-0 40 60 3 3

E IC Engine Combustion and Pollution 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
Research Methodology 0-1-2 100 2
Seminar I 0-0-2 50 2
Thermal Engineering Lab 0-0-2 50 1
TOTAL 15-2-6 400 300 - 21

TOTAL CONTACT HOURS : 23

TOTAL CREDITS : 21
 SEMESTER 2

End Semester
Examination Slot

Examination

Course Number

Internal Marks
Name L-T-P

Duration

Credits
(hours)
Marks
Advanced Refrigeration and
A 3-1-0 40 60 3 4
Cryogenics
B Measurements in Thermal Science 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
C Thermal and Hydro Turbo Machinery 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
D Elective I 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
E Elective II 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
Mini Project 0-0-4 100 2
Thermal Lab II 0-0-2 50 1
TOTAL 15-1-6 350 300 - 19

TOTAL CONTACT HOURS : 22

TOTAL CREDITS : 19

Elective I
Code Computational Fluid Dynamics

Code Control Engineering

Code Advances in Radiative Heat Transfer

Code Advances in Radiative Heat Transfer

Elective III
Code Boundary Layer Theory

Code Energy Conservation and Heat Recovery

Code Combustion Science

Code Microfluidics

SEMESTER 3

End Semester
Mar
Cou
min

Inte
Slot

rnal

Name L-T-P
atio

dits
Exa

Cre
mb
Nu
rse

Examination
ks
er
n
 Duration
(hours)
Marks
A Elective III 3-0-0 40 60 3 3
B Elective IV 3-0-0 40 60 3 3

Seminar II 0-0-2 50 2

Project (Phase 1) 0-0-12 100 6

TOTAL 6-0-14 230 120 - 14

TOTAL CONTACT HOURS : 20

TOTAL CREDITS : 14

Elective III
Code Advances in Nuclear Engineering

Code Advanced Optimization Techniques

Code FEM in Heat Transfer and fluid flow

Code Transport Phenomena

Elective IV
Code Multi Phase Flow

Code Industrial Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

Code Design of Heat Transfer Equipments

Code Air Breathing Propulsion

 SEMESTER 4
Examination Slot End Semester
Examination

Course Number

Internal Marks
Name L-T-P

Duration
(hours)
Marks

Credit
Project (Phase 2) 0-0-23 100 12

TOTAL 0-0-23 100 - 12

TOTAL CONTACT HOURS : 23

TOTAL CREDITS : 12

TOTAL NUMBER OF CREDITS: 66

 SEMESTER 1

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Applied Mathematics 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

To introduce to the students some of the advanced tools in numerical methods, classical partial
differential equations, optimization techniques, sampling theory and transform methods and their
importance in modeling may engineering phenomena and applications to solving such problems.
Knowledge of these methods are essential for higher studies and research.

Syllabus

Vector Spaces-linear Transformations-orthogonally-least square solutions-matrix factorizations-

-Series solution of ordinary differential equations- Bessels equation, Legendre Equation equation
orthogonality-generating functions-partial differential equations-calculus of variations-integral equations-
Discrete Fourier transforms-Fast Fourier transforms

Expected Outcome
At the end of the course students will have become familiar with the use of some advanced
classical and modern Mathematical tools in the areas of numerical methods, classical partial
differential equations, optimization techniques, sampling theory and transform methods which are
basic problem solving tools of an engineer.

References
1. Linear Algebra and its applications-David C Lay-Pearson
2. Theory and Applications of Linear algebra-Schaums outline series-McGraw Hill
3. Higher Engineering Mathematics-.Dr. B S Grewal-Khanna publications
4. Higher engineering Mathematics B V Ramana-TataMcGraw Hill
5. Advanced Engineering Mathematics-Peter V O Neil Thomson
6. Introduction to Partial differential equations-K SankarRao-Prentice Hall of India References
7. Differential equations with applications and Historical notes-George F Simmons-Tata McGraw Hill
8. Mathematical methods for Engineers and Physicists-A K Mukhopadhayay Wheeler publishing
9.Introduction to wavelets through linear algebra-Michael W Frazier; Springer
 Contents

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Hours Allotted

Examination
Module

1 Vector spaces and subspaces, null space , column space of a 7

matrix;; linearly independent sets and bases; Coordinate systems; 15%
dimension of a vector space; rank ;change of basis; linear
transformations-properties-kernel and range-computing kernel
and range of a linear transformation-matrix representation of a
linear operator-Invertible linear operators
2 Inner product, length and orthogonality ; orthogonal sets; 8 15%
orthogonal projections; Gram Schmidt process; least square
solutions; Inner product spaces; QR factorization ; Singular value
decomposition
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
3 Ordinary Differential equations, Series Solution,Singularity, 7 15%
Regular Singularity, Forbenius method, Bessels equation,
Legendre Equation, (solution only), Bessel functions of first and
second kind, Recurrence relation for Jn(x), Value of J (x) ,
Generating function for Jn(x), Equations reducible to Bessels
equations, Orthogonality of Bessel functions, Legendre
polynomial, Rodrigues formula, generating function for Pn(x),
recurrence relation for Pn(x) , orthogonality of Legendre
polynomials
4 8 15%
Partial Differential Equation:-Classification of PDE,Solution of
Boundary Value Problems in partial differential equations using
Laplace Transform Method.
Calculus of variations: Functionals, Euler Equations and its
alternative forms, solution of Euler equation, isoperimetric
problem, problem of several independent variables, functional
involving higher order derivatives,problem with variable end
conditions
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM
5 Integral equations: Standard forms of integral equations- 7 20%
Fredholm equation, Voltera equation, reduction of an integral
equation to differential equation, solutions for integral equation,
integral equations of the convolution type, solution of Fredholm
integral equation by the method of successive approximations,
6 8 20%
Discrete Fourier transforms, Linearity and periodicity, The inverse
N-point DFT, The DFT approximations of Fourier coefficients -
Approximation of Fourier transform by an N point DFT , The Fast
Fourier Transform
END SEMESTER EXAM
 Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

01CSMR602 Advanced Thermodynamics 3-1-0 4 2015

Course Objectives

1. To prepare the students in understanding macroscopic behavior of our material world

and its intricacies from microscopic laws.
2. To introduce the students to quantum mechanical interpretation of the physical
properties of materials.
3. To equip the students in handling fundamental research
Syllabus

Review of the fundamentals of classical thermodynamics. Stable and unstable equilibrium,

Chemical potential and phase equilibrium. Third law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic
potentials.Thermodynamic potential minimum principles.
Microscopic approach to thermodynamics: molecular model-requirement-properties of simple gas-
extension to gas mixtures-real gas effects. Kinetic theory of gases. Collision dynamics-Binary and
elastic collision-momentum and energy considerations. molecular flux,Equation of state, Collision
with moving walls. Equipartition of energy, survival equations. Transport phenomena-
Intermolecular forces, The Van-der-Wall equation of state, Viscosity, Thermal conductivity and
diffusion. The velocity distribution functions, Boltzmann equation, The moment and conservation
equations from Boltzmann equation . Collision invariants. The BGK approximation, Boltzmann H
function. The chapmann-Enskog theory. Fundamentals of statistical thermodynamics-micro and
macro states. Thermodynamic probability. Degeneration of energy levels. Maxwell-
Boltzman,Fermi-Dirac and Bose Einstein statistics-distribution function comparisons, Partition
function. Application of Statistical Thermodynamics: Maxwell velocity distribution, Equipartition
of energy ,Black body radiation formula, Einstein and Debey theory of specific heat capacity.
Microscopic interpretation of heat and work. Evaluation of entropy..Calculation of the macroscopic
properties from partition functions.

Expected Outcome
1. After the course students shall become able to take more fundamental research
in understanding the physical phenomenon of the nature.
2. Students shall use their understanding in thermodynamics to engineering design
of various thermal systems and its performance optimization.
3. Students shall become able to interpret the true or exact reasons of various
scientific observations of the world .

References
1. Francis W. Sears ,Gerhard L.Salinger, Thermodynamics, Kinetic theory, and
Statistical Thermodynamics ,Third edition, Narosa Publishing House,1989
2. Donald A.Mc Quarrie,"Molecular Thermodynamics"First edition 2004,Viva books
pvt
3. KPN Murthy" Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics,University Press
4 . G A Bird,Molecular Gas Dynamics and The Direct Simulation of Gas Flows",1994,Oxford
Press

5. Herbert B.Callen, "Thermodynamics",John Wiley &sons

6. Y.V.C.Rao,"Postulational And Statistical Thermodynamics"Allied Publishers Ltd

 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module
Contents

Review of the fundamentals of classical thermodynamics. Stable and

unstable equilibrium. Third law of Thermodynamics. 3

Thermodynamic potentials- Chemical potential and phase equilibrium,

I 15
internal energy,Helmholtz Free energy,Enthalpy, Gibbs free energy.
Thermodynamic potential minimum principles -Helmholtz Free 5
minimum energy minimum principles, Enthalpy minimum principles,
Gibbs free energy minimum principles.
Microscopic approach to thermodynamics: molecular model-
requirement-properties of simple gas-extension to gas mixtures-real gas 3
effects.
II Kinetic theory of gases. Collision dynamics-Binary and elastic collision-
15
momentum and energy considerations. molecular flux,Equation of state,
5
Collision with moving walls. Equipartition of energy, survival
equations.
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Transport phenomena-Intermolecular forces, The Van-der-Wall
III 3 15
equation of state, Viscosity,Thermal conductivity and diffusion.

The velocity distribution functions, Boltzmann equation, The moment

and conservation equations from Boltzmann equation . Collision 5
IV invariants 15
The BGK approximation, Boltzmann H function. The chapmann-
3
Enskog theory.
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM
Fundamentals of statistical thermodynamics-micro and macro states.
Thermodynamic probability. Degeneration of energy levels. 4
V 20
Maxwell-Boltzman,Fermi-Dirac and Bose Einstein statistics-distribution
3
function comparisons, Partition function.
Application of Statistical Thermodynamics: Maxwell velocity
distribution, Equipartition of energy ,Black body radiation formula, 5
VI Einstein and Debey theory of specific heat capacity.
20
Microscopic interpretation of heat and work. Evaluation of
entropy.Calculation of the macroscopic properties 3
from partition functions
END SEMESTER EXAM
Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction
IC Engine combustion and
3-0-0 3 2015
pollution

Course Objectives

4. To impart an awareness regarding the chemistry of fuel air mixtures and their
combustion
5. Combustion mechanism in the engine cylinder of an IC engine and the utilization of
alternate fuels in IC engines
6. Engine emissions and control

Syllabus

Engine design and operating parameters, Thermo chemistry of fuel air mixtures , Properties of
working fluids, mixture charts, availability analysis, Combustion in SI engines, Combustion in
CI engines, Utilization of alternate fuels- biodiesel, hydrogen, LPG, Natural gas- , HCCI
Combustion, Engine emissions, Emission control technology, emission standards.

Expected Outcome
4. Understand the basic concepts of fuel air mixing and combustion
5. Explore various alternate fuels that are sustainable and emission less
6. Emission standards
 References

4. Heywood JB, IC Engine fundamentals, McGraw hill book Co, 1989

5. B P Pundir, Engine emissions, Narosa publishing house, 2007

COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Engine design and operating parameters, Thermo chemistry of fuel-air

4
mixtures
I 15
Properties of working fluids- unburned mixture composition, burned
mixture charts, Exhaust gas composition. 4

Ideal models of engine cycles, Availability analysis of engine processes.

Combustion in SI engines- Thermodynamic analysis, Flame structure
II
and speed, Cyclic variations in combustion, partial burning and misfire, 8 20
abnormal combustion
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Combustion in CI engines- Phenomenological model of CI engine
III 15
combustion, Analysis of cylinder pressure data, fuel spray behaviour 7

Utilization of alternate fuels in IC engines- biodiesel, hydrogen, LPG,

IV Natural gas- Advantages and disadvantages- HCCI combustion, ASTM 15
6
specifications

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Engine emission and air pollution- Genesis and formation of pollutants,
V 20
7
SI engine emission control technology

VI CI engine emission control technology, fuel quality, emission standards

6 15

END SEMESTER EXAM

 SEMESTER 2

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Advanced Refrigeration and
01CSMR601 3-0-0 3 2015
Cryogenic Engineering

Course Objectives
The word cryogenics stems from Greek and means "the production of icy cold". The objective of the
course is to give the students basic idea about the history, material selection, design, development,
analysis and applications of Cryogenics in the various fields of engineering, medicine and
technology.

Syllabus

Simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle and actual cycle - analysis, Ewings construction.
Compressors - reciprocating, centrifugal and screw type, volumetric efficiency and performance.
Limitations of single stage vapour compression refrigeration system. Analyses of multi pressure
and multi evaporator vapour compression refrigeration systems.

Vapour absorption refrigeration systems: Derivation of COP, performance of the system with
different refrigerant and absorber combinations and criteria for selection-performance characteristics

Introduction to Cryogenics, Distinction between Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Historical

development, P r e s e n t areas involving cryogenic engineering
Applications of Cryogenics: Applications in space, Food Processing, super Conductivity,
Electrical Power, Biology, Medicine and Electronics .
Cryogenic fluids and their properties, Properties of materials at cryogenic temperature: Mechanical
properties, Thermal properties, Electrical and magnetic properties.
Production of low temperatures by Joule Thomson expansion, Inversion Curve, Maximum
Inversion temperature, Joule Thomson Coefficient, Isenthalpic expansion of ideal gas, Joule
Thomson expansion of a real gas, Adiabatic expansion, Comparison of J-T and adiabatic
expansions

Gas liquefaction systems: Introduction,Thermodynamicallyideal system, Simple Linde Hampson

System, Precooled Linde Hampson System, Linde Dual Pressure System, Claude System, Kapitza
System, Heylandt System, Collins System

Cooling by adiabatic demagnetization technique, Simon helium Liquefier

Special liquefaction systems for neon, hydrogen and helium
Components of gas liquefaction systems: Heat Exchangers, Compressors and Expanders
Cryogenic Refrigeration cycles : Carnot and Ideal Stirling Cycle, Derivation of its COP, Philips
refrigerator, Actual Stirling cycle, Cryocooler fundamentals, Different types and their applications,
Stirling, Pulse Tube, Gifford McMahon, Solvay Cryocoolers.
Cryogenic fluid Storage vessels, Cryogenic Insulations, Safety in Cryogenics

Expected Outcome
After the completion of the course, the student should be able to apply this knowledge

1. in the design and development of refrigeration systems and their components independently

2.in the design and development of cryogenic propulsion systems, gas liquefaction systems,
cryocoolers and their components for different Cryogenic applications like space, superconductivity,
medicine, biology etc

References

1. W F Stoecker: Refrigeration and Air-conditioning

2. Refrigeration and Air-conditioning by C.P. Arora
3. Klaus D.Timmerhaus and Thomas M.Flynn, " Cryogenic Process Engineering " Plenum
Press, New York, 1989.
4. Cryogenic systems by Randal F.Barron, McGraw Hill, 1986

5. Cryogenic Engineering by R. B. Scott

 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted
% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle and actual cycle -

analysis, Ewings construction. Compressors - reciprocating, centrifugal
3
and screw type, volumetric efficiency and performance.
I 15
Limitations of single stage vapour compression refrigeration system.
Analyses of multi pressure and multi evaporator vapour compression
refrigeration systems. 3

Vapour absorption refrigeration systems: Derivation of COP,

performance of the system with different refrigerant and absorber
II combinations and criteria for selection-performance characteristics 4 15

FIRST INTERNAL EXAM

Introduction to Cryogenics, Distinction between Refrigeration and
Cryogenics, Historical development, P r e s e n t areas involving
cryogenic engineering 3

III 15
Applications of Cryogenics: Applications in space, Food
Processing, super Conductivity, Electrical Power, Biology,
Medicine and Electronics . 4

Cryogenic fluids and their properties, Properties of materials at

cryogenic temperature: Mechanical properties, Thermal properties,
4
Electrical and magnetic properties.

Production of low temperatures by Joule Thomson expansion,

IV 15
Inversion Curve, Maximum Inversion temperature, Joule Thomson
Coefficient, Isenthalpic expansion of ideal gas, Joule Thomson
expansion of a real gas, Adiabatic expansion, Comparison of J-T and 4
adiabatic expansions

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Gas liquefaction systems: Introduction, Thermodynamically ideal
system, Simple Linde Hampson System, Precooled Linde Hampson
System, Linde Dual Pressure System, Claude System, Kapitza System,
V 20
Heylandt System, Collins System 6
Cooling by adiabatic demagnetization technique, Simon helium Liquefier
Special liquefaction systems for neon, hydrogen and helium
 Hours Allotted
% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module Contents

Components of gas liquefaction systems: Heat Exchangers,

Compressors and Expanders 2

Cryogenic Refrigeration cycles : Carnot and Ideal Stirling Cycle,

Derivation of its COP, Philips refrigerator, Actual Stirling cycle,
Cryocooler fundamentals, Different types and their applications, 6

VI Stirling, Pulse Tube, Gifford McMahon, Solvay Cryocoolers.

20
Cryogenic fluid Storage and transfer systems, Cryogenic Insulations,
Safety in Cryogenics 3

END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Advances in Radiative Heat Transfer 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

7. To reinforce the concept of radiative heat transfer and have a clear knowledge of
configuration factor.
8. To gain deep knowledge in gas radiation.
 Syllabus

Fundamentals of Thermal Radiation, Nature and Basic Laws of thermal radiation. Electromagnetic
spectrum. Definition of characteristics of black body, properties of non-black opaque surfaces.
Introduction to radiative characteristics of opaque surfaces and gases, Introduction to radiative
characteristics of solids, liquids and particles. Radiative properties of opaque non-metals, metals,
Selective and directional opaque surfaces and selective transmission. Introduction to enclosure
theory and use of geometric configuration factors. Radiative exchange between grey and diffuse
surfaces, electrical network analogy. Enclosure theory for diffuse surfaces with spectrally
dependent properties. Enclosures with partially specular surfaces, radiation shields, semi-
transparent sheets. Radiation in participating media, important properties for study of gas
radiation, Radiative Transfer Equation and its solution for straight line path, Radiative Transfer
Equation for absorbing and emitting atmosphere. Radiation combined with conduction and
convection at boundaries, Numerical Integration methods for use with enclosure equations,
Numerical equations for combined mode of energy transfer. Numerical Solution Techniques,
Monte Carlo Method. Numerical Solution methods for combined radiation, conduction and
convection in participating media, Finite Difference Method, Finite Element Method, Zonal
Method, Monte Carlo Technique

Expected Outcome
7. Student will acquire good basics in radiative heat transfer.
8. Student will be able to tackle problems of gas radiation even for different
conditions.

References

6. C. Balaji, Essentials of Radiation Heat Transfer, Wiley Publications, 2014.

7. Robert Siegel and John Howell, Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer, 4th edition, CRC Press,
Taylor and Francis Group, 2002
8. Michel F Modest, Radiative Heat Transfer, Academic Press, Elsevier Science,2003
Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Fundamentals of Thermal Radiation, Nature and Basic Laws of thermal

radiation, Emissive power, Solid angle, Radiation Intensity, Radiative 3
I Heat flux, radiation pressure 15
Electromagnetic spectrum, Definition of characteristics of black body,
experimental production of black body, properties of non-black opaque 4
surfaces.
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module Contents

Introduction to radiative characteristics of opaque surfaces and gases,

Introduction to radiative characteristics of solids, liquids and particles.
II Outline of radiative transport theory. Radiative properties of opaque
7 15
non-metals, metals, Selective and directional opaque surfaces and
selective transmission.
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Introduction to enclosure theory and use of geometric configuration
factors, configuration factor between two surfaces. Radiative exchange 3
between grey and diffuse surfaces, electrical network analogy.
III Enclosure theory for diffuse surfaces with spectrally dependent 15
properties. Surfaces with directionally and spectrally dependent
4
properties. Enclosures with partially specular surfaces, radiation
shields, electrical network analogy, semi-transparent sheets

Radiation in participating media, important properties for study of gas

IV radiation, Radiative Transfer Equation and its solution for straight line 15
7
path, , Radiative Transfer Equation for absorbing and emitting
atmosphere

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Radiation combined with conduction and convection at boundaries,
Numerical Integration methods for use with enclosure equations,
V 20
Numerical equations for combined mode of energy transfer. Numerical 7
Solution Techniques, Monte Carlo Method.

Numerical Solution methods for combined radiation, conduction and

VI convection in participating media, Finite Difference Method, Finite
7 20
Element Method, Zonal Method, Monte Carlo Technique for radiatively
participating media.
END SEMESTER EXAM
 Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Energy Conservation and

3-0-0 3 2015
waste heat recovery

Course Objectives

9. To impart awareness regarding conservation of energy.

10. Create awareness for the judicious and efficient usage of energy.
11. Acquire knowledge about waste heat recovery.

Syllabus

Energy conservation definition and concept-Energy conservation Act and its features - Schemes of
Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) - Sources of waste heat and its potential - Waste heat survey and
measurements, Definition, need, application, advantages, classification, saving Potential. Waste
Heat Recovery: Concept of conversion efficiency - commercially viable waste heat recovery
devices. Heat recovery equipment and systems, Heat Exchangers, Incinerators Regenerators and
Recuperates. Waste Heat boilers combined cycle - Co-generation & Tri-generation: Energy
conservation in Buildings and Energy Conservation Building Codes (ECBC) building envelope,
insulation, lighting, Heating ventilation and air conditioning

Expected Outcome
9. Students will become aware of the importance of energy conservation.
10. Familiarize the energy conservation act and bureau of energy efficiency
11. Understand the need of waste heat recovery and energy conservation in
buildings.

References

1. A K Raja, Amit Praksh Shrivastava, Manish Dwivedi, Power Plant Engineering, New Age
International Publishers
2. W.C.Turner, Wiley, Energy Management Handbook, New York, 1982
 3. M.S.Sodha, N.K. Bansal, P.K. Bansal, A. Kumar and M.A.S. Malik, Solar Passive Building
Science and Design, Pergamon Press, 1986
4. Amlan Chakrabarti, Energy engineering and management, PHI Learning, New Delhi 2015
5. G.R. Nagpal, S.C. Sharma, Power plant Engineering, Khanna Publishers, 2013

COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Energy conservation definition and concept-Energy conservation Act

and its features. Schemes of Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) ) 3
I Designated consumers, State Designated Agencies 15
Sources of waste heat and its potential Waste heat survey and
measurements, Definition, need, application, advantages, classification, 4
saving Potential
Waste Heat Recovery: Concept of conversion efficiency - commercially
viable waste heat recovery devices. Heat recovery equipment and
II
systems. Heat Exchangers types and applications. Incinerators and 6 15
recuperators - regenerators
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Fundamentals of heat pipe, heat pump and heat wheel.
III 4 20
Waste Heat boilers types and application design considerations 3
Combined cycle and heat recovery.
4
IV 15
Combined Heat and Power Topping cycle and bottoming cycle types
of cogeneration systems and application 4

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Organic Rankine Cycles principle types and applications. 4
V 15
Trigeneration Technology- types- application 3
Energy conservation in domestic and commercial buildings- Energy
3
VI conservation opportunities and measures.
20
Energy Conservation Building Codes (ECBC) building envelope,
4
insulation, lighting, Heating ventilation and air conditioning
END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

 Microfluidics 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

Introduce students the fundamentals and familiarize the students with important
aspects of hydrodynamics in microsystems.
To make the students aware of various microfabrication and characterization
technologies and different applications of microfluidics.

Syllabus
Introduction to microfluidics; Electrohydrodynamics; Physics at microscale;
Hydrodynamics of microsystems; Microfabrication technologies; Microflow
characterization; Micromechanicl flow control-micropumps and valves; Microfluidics and
thermal transfers; Diffusion, mixing and separation in microsystems; Applications of
microfluidics

Expected Outcome
1. The students are introduced the importance of development of microfluidic devices for
engineering applications.
2. The students are capable to analyze various phenomena takes place in microfluidic
gadgets.

References

Nam-Trung Nguyen and Steven T. Wereley , Fundamentals and Applications of

Microfluidics, Artech House, 2e, 2006
Patric Tabeling, Introduction to Microfluidics, Oxford University Press, 1e , 2010
Brian J. Kirby, Micro and Nanoscale Fluid Mechanics : Transport in microfluidic
devices, Cambridge University Press, 1e, 2010
Dongqing Li, Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, Springer, 1e, 2008
Sushanta K. Mitra and Suman Chakraborty, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Handbook
: Fabrication, Implementation, and Applications , CRC Press, 1e, 2012
Jean Berthier, Microdrops and Digital Microfluidics, Willam Andrew Inc.1e, 2008
 COURSE PLAN

% of Marks
Hours in End-
Module Contents
Allotted Semester
Examination
Introduction to microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip
devices, Intermolecular Forces, Continuum
Assumption, Continuum Fluid Mechanics at Small
3
Scales, Gas Flows, Liquid Flows, Boundary
I Conditions, Parallel Flows, Low Reynolds Number 15
Flows Entrance Effects Surface Tension
The electrohydrodynamics of microsystems-
Electrokinetics, Electro-Osmosis, Electrophoresis, 4
Dielectrophoresis
Microfabrication techniques Photolithography,
Additive Techniques, Subtractive Techniques,
Pattern Transfer Techniques, Silicon-Based
Micromachining Techniques, Silicon Bulk
II
Micromachining, Silicon Surface Micromachining, 7 15
Polymer-Based Micromachining Techniques, Thick
Resist Lithography Polymeric Surface
Micromachining, Soft Lithography
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Experimental flow characterization- Pointwise
Methods , Full-Field Methods, Fundamental
Physics Considerations of Micro-PIV, Special
III 6 15
Processing Methods for Micro-PIV Recordings,
Advanced Processing Methods, Flow in a
Microchannel, Particle Tracking Velocimetry
Microvalves- Design Considerations - Pneumatic
Valves , Thermopneumatic Valves,
4
Thermomechanical Valves, Piezoelectric Valves,
Electromagnetic Valves, Capillary-Force Valves
Micromechanical Pumps - Check-Valve Pumps,
IV Peristaltic Pumps, Valveless Rectification Pumps, 15
Rotary Pumps, Centrifugal Pumps, Ultrasonic
Pumps, Micro- Nonmechanical Pumps - Electrical 4
Pumps, Surface Tension Driven Pumps, Chemical
Pumps, Magnetic Pumps, Scaling Law for
Micropumps
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM
 % of Marks
Hours in End-
Module Contents
Allotted Semester
Examination
Diffusion, mixing, and separation in microsystems-
The microscopic origin of diffusion processes,
Advection -diffusion equation and its properties,
V Analysis of some diffusion phenomena, Analysis 7 20
of dispersion phenomena, Notions on chaos and
chaotic mixing, Mixing in microsystems: a few
examples, Adsorption phenomena
Microfluidics and thermal transfers - Conduction
of heat in gases, liquids, and solids, Gas flows at
moderate Knudsen numbers, Convection-diffusion 4
heat equation and properties, Heat transfers in
VI the presence of flows in microsystems 20
Applications - lab-on-a-chip, microfilters,
microneedles,
3
micromixer,microreactor,microdispensors,
microseperators, Digital microfluidics
END SEMESTER EXAM

SEMESTER 3

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Nuclear Reactor Engineering 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

12. To introduce the basic concepts of nuclear energy production.

13. To introduce various types of reactors and factors involved in the construction of
nuclear reactors and
14. To introduce the basic concepts radiation protection.
 Syllabus

Review of elementary nuclear physics, Nuclear Reactions and Radiations, Nuclear reactor
principles, Materials of reactor construction, Nuclear fuels and Nuclear fuel cycle, Boiling water
reactor, Pressurized water Reactor, Introduction to Light Water and Advanced heavy water
reactor concepts, Liquid Metal fast reactors, Reactor Heat Removal, The fusion process,
Radiation safety, Safety approaches in reactor Design, Regulatory process in India

Expected Outcome
12. Gain knowledge on different types of technologies employed in nuclear
reactors
13. Gain knowledge on factors to be considered for designing equipments for
nuclear power plants
14. Awareness about the safety systems in nuclear power plant and radiation
protection

References
9. Samuel Glasstone ,Alexander Sesonske , Nuclear Reactor Engineering Reactor
Design Basics (Volume - 1), 4th Edition, CBS Publisher,2004 .
10. Samuel Glasstone ,Alexander Sesonske , Nuclear Reactor Engineering : Reactor
Systems Engineering (Volume - 2), 4th Edition, CBS Publisher,2004.
11. Lamarsh, John. Introduction to Nuclear Engineering. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice Hall, 2001
12. G. Vaidyanathan, Nuclear Reactor Engineering, 1stEdition, S Chand,2013.
 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Review of elementary nuclear physics. Liquid drop model of nuclear

fission. 2
I 15
Nuclear Reactions and Radiations: Principles of radioactive decay-
interaction of , & rays with matter, neutron cross sections and 5
reactions.
Nuclear reactor principles: The fission process - chain reaction. Basic
principles of controlled fission. Reactor classification-critical size,
basic diffusion theory, slowing down of neutrons-neutron flux and 4
II power.
15
Four factor formula, six factor formula-criticality condition, basic
features of reactor control-fission product poisoning, effect of 3
temperature on reactivity.
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Materials of reactor construction: Fuel, moderator, coolant, structural
materials, cladding, radiation damage. 4

III Nuclear fuels: Metallurgy of uranium, general principles of solvent 15

extraction, reprocessing of irradiated fuel, separation process, Fuel
3
enrichment.

Boiling water reactor: Description of reactor system, main

2
components, control and safety features.
Pressurized water Reactor: Description of reactor system, main
IV 3 15
components, control and safety features.
Introduction to Light Water and Advanced heavy water reactor
concepts. 2

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Liquid Metal fast reactors: layouts, fuel design, Intermediate Circuits
V 2 20
Sodium pumps Auxiliary Circuits Reactor.
Heat Removal: Basic equations of heat transfer as applied to reactor 4
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

cooling, decay heat removal, Reactor heat transfer systems, heat

removed in fast reactors.
The fusion process: Inertial confinement fusion, magnetic
confinement, Lawsons Criteria. 1

Radiation safety: Reactor shielding-radiation doses, standards of

4
radiation protection, nuclear waste disposal.
VI Safety approaches in reactor Design: Defense in depth, design basis
20
events, beyond design basis events. Regulatory process in India: Site
3
approval. Construction approval, operating license and regulatory
inspection
END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Advanced Optimization
3-0-0 3 2015
Techniques

Course Objectives

1. To understand the techniques and applications of engineering optimization.

2. To choose the appropriate optimization method that is more efficient to the problem at
hand.
3. To formulate the given problem in a mathematical format that is acceptable to an
optimization algorithm
 Syllabus

Introduction to Optimization Linear Programming Non Linear Programming One Dimensional

Unconstrained Minimization - Unconstrained optimization of functions involving several variables
Constrained optimization Integer and Discrete programming Penalty Function methods - Goal
programming Pareto optimality.

Expected Outcome

1. The student will be able to appreciate the application of optimization problems in varied
disciplines.
2. The student will be able to model a real-world decision problem as an optimization
problem.
3. The student will be able to perform a critical evaluation and interpretation of analysis and
optimization results.

References
1. H.A. Taha, Operations Research: An Introduction, Pearson Education

2. S.S. Rao, Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice, New Age International Publishers.

3. A.D. Belegundu, T.R. Chandrupatla, Optimization Concepts and Applications in Engineering, Pearson
Education.

4. H. M. Wagner, Principles of Operations Research, Prentice- Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

5. Kalavathy.S, Operations Research with C Programs, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

6. M.S. Bazaraa, J.J. Jarvis, H.D. Sherali, Linear Programming and Network Flows, John Wiley & Sons.

7. Kalyanmoy Deb, Optimization for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples, Prentice-Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd.

COURSE PLAN
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester

Examination
Module Contents

Introduction to Optimization: Historical sketch, Engineering

I applications of optimization, Statement of an optimization 5 10
problem, Classification of optimization problems.

Linear Programming (LP): Review of simplex method, Revised

II Simplex method, Duality in LP, Decomposition principle, 9 20
Sensitivity analysis.

FIRST INTERNAL EXAM

Nonlinear Programming (NLP): One Dimensional Unconstrained

minimization- Single Variable minimization, Unimodality and
III Bracketing the Minimum, Fibonacci method, Golden Section 7 15
method, Polynomial based methods: Brents Algorithm, Newtons
method.

Unconstrained optimization: Function involving several variables,

Optimality conditions, Convexity, The Steepest Descent method,
IV 7 15
The Conjugate Gradient method, Newtons method, Quasi-
Newton method, DFP method, BFGS method.

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Constrained Optimization: Problem formulation, Optimality

conditions, Lagrange multiplier method, KKT conditions, Farkas
Lemma, Convex problems, Zoutendijks method, The GRG
V method. 7 20

Integer and Discrete Programming: Zero-one Programming,

Branch and Bound algorithm for mixed integers, Gomory cut
method.
Penalty Function methods: Exterior Penalty Functions, Interior
VI Penalty Functions, The Augmented Lagrangian method. 7 20

Goal Programming, Pareto optimality.

END SEMESTER EXAM
Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

01CSMR602 Multiphase Flow 3-1-0 4 2015

Course Objectives

15. To prepare the students in understanding Two phase flow and how to model and
analyze.
16. To introduce the students various research scope in multiphase flow.
17. To understand complex heat transfer mechanism in flow boiling and apply them in
the design of heat transfer equipment used in nuclear reactor ,boiler ,combustor
,rocket motors etc

Syllabus

Method of analysis-flow pattern-vertical and horizontal channels-flow pattern maps and

transitions. Void fraction-definitions of multiphase flow parameters-one dimensional
continuity, momentum and energy equation-pressure gradient components: frictional,
acceleration and gravitational.

Basic Flow models: Homogeneous flow model-Pressure gradient-Two phase friction

factor for laminar and turbulent flow-Two phase viscosity-Friction multiplier. Separated
flow model-Pressure gradient relationship-Lokhart-Martinelli correlation -Parameter X
and its evaluation

Empirical Treatment: Drift Flux model-Gravity dominated flow regime-correlation for

void fraction and velocity distribution in different flow regimes-pressure losses due to
multiphase flow velocity and concentration profiles

Convective boiling: Thermodynamics of vapour /liquid systems-super heat requirement-

homogeneous nucleation-Isothermal and Isobaric Bubble dynamic in pool boiling,Bubble
departure from heated surface. Hydrodynamics of pool boiling -Helmholtz and Taylors
instability-Pool Boiling heat transfer, Commonly used non dimensional groups,Bubble
agitation mechanism,Vapour liquid exchange mechanism, Microlayer mechanism.

Regime of Flow boiling heat transfer-Boiling map-DNB-Critical Heat flux in forced

convection boiling.Microscopic analysis of CHF mechanism in flow boiling, Liquid core
convection and boundary layer effects in flow boiling.Condensation: Liquid formation-
Droplet growth. Nusselt theory on film condensation- -Condensation within vertical tube
-Dropwise condensation-Pressure gradient in condensing systems

Expected Outcome
15. After the course students shall become more equipped to design heat transfer
equipment used in Two phase flow such as boiler ,condenser ,fluidised bed
combustor. etc
16. Since boiling phenomena is not yet fully understood and many associated
factors are still there to be uncovered students shall take interest to undertake
research in this area.
17. Students shall use their knowledge in this field to many other major items of
chemical and power plant.

References

13. J .G Collier, Convetive Boiling &Condensation ,Second edition, McGraw

Hill,1989
14. G. W.Wallis, "One Dimensional Two Phase Flow"
15. Y.Y.Hsu,R.W.Graham," Transport Processes in Boilig &Two Phase Flow"
4 . L.S.Tong,Y.S.Tang,"Boiling Heat Transfer And Two Phase Flow",Tayloir $Francis

5. A.F.Mills,V.Ganesan,"Heat Transfer",Second edition,2009,Pearson Education

 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Method of analysis-flow pattern-vertical and horizontal

channels-flow pattern maps and transitions. Void fraction- 2
definitions of multiphase flow parameters
I 15
one dimensional continuity, momentum and energy equation-
pressure gradient components: frictional, acceleration and 4
gravitational.

Basic Flow models: Homogeneous flow model-Pressure

gradient-Two phase friction factor for laminar and turbulent
5
flow-Two phase viscosity-Friction multiplier.
II
Separated flow model-Pressure gradient relationship-Lokhart- 15
Martinelli correlation -Parameter X and its evaluation 4

FIRST INTERNAL EXAM

Empirical Treatment: Drift Flux model-Gravity dominated flow
regime-correlation for void fraction and velocity distribution in 4
III different flow regimes- 15

Pressure losses due to multiphase flow velocity and

concentration profiles 2

Convective boiling: Thermodynamics of vapour /liquid

systems-super heat requirement-homogeneous nucleation-
5
Isothermal and Isobaric Bubble dynamic in pool boiling,Bubble
IV departure from heated surface 15
Hydrodynamics of pool boiling -Helmholtz and Taylors
instability-Pool Boiling heat transfer, Commonly used non
4
dimensional groups, Bubble agitation mechanism, Vapor liquid
exchange mechanism, Microlayer mechanism
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

V
Regime of Flow boiling heat transfer-Boiling map-DNB-Critical 20
Heat flux in forced convection boiling. 3
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Microscopic analysis of CHF mechanism in flow boiling, Liquid

core convection and boundary layer effects in flow boiling 3

Condensation: Liquid formation-Droplet growth. Nusselt

theory on film condensation- -Condensation within vertical 4
VI tube .
20
Dropwise condensation-Pressure gradient in condensing
systems 2

END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Industrial Refrigeration and
Air-conditioning 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

18. To provide the students advanced learning in refrigeration components

19. To familiarize the students on the applications of refrigeration in food processing
20. To study the properties of moist air
21. To familiarize air-conditioning processes, systems, controls, transmission and
distribution of air
Syllabus

Refrigerant compressors: reciprocating compressors, volumetric efficiency, performance

characteristics, and their design, capacity control of reciprocating compressors
Rotary compressors, screw compressors, centrifugal compressors, performance characteristics of
centrifugal compressor, capacity control of centrifugal compressors
comparison of performance of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors

Design of refrigeration equipments: condensers, evaporators, capillary tubes

Working of Constant pressure expansion valve, thermostatic expansion valve, application of
thermostatic expansion valve

Controls in refrigeration equipment, various methods of controlling room conditions at partial load

Food processing by refrigeration and storage, transport refrigeration: refrigerated trucks and
trailers, refrigerated railway cars, marine refrigeration, freezing of foods, types of freezers,
calculation of freezing time, freeze drying

Properties of moist air: Specific humidity, Dew point temperature, Degree of Saturation, Relative
humidity, Enthalpy, Humid specific heat, Wet bulb temperature and Thermodynamic wet bulb
temperature, Derivation of thermodynamic wet bulb temperature, Lewis number, Carrier equation
for calculation of partial pressure of water vapor in the moist air sample.

Psychrometric chart (w-t chart), Construction of Saturation Line, Relative Humidity Line,
Constant Specific Volume Lines, Constant Thermodynamic Wet Bulb Temperature Lines and
Constant Enthalpy Lines. Definition of Sigma heat function and Enthalpy Deviation

Psychrometry of Air-conditioning processes: Mixing Process, Basic processes in conditioning of

air, Derivations for Sensible heat, Latent heat and total heat process, Sensible hat factor (SHF),
Different ways of plotting of SHF line on the psychrometric chart, Bypass factor, Cooling and
dehumidification process, Apparatus dew point of coil(coil ADP),
Practical limit of Cooling and dehumidification process, Air washer, Processes possible in air
washer, Mass and Energy balance of Air washer, humidifying efficiency, water injection, steam
injection

Simple Air-conditioning system, Summer Air-conditioning-Room sensible heat factor (RSHF)

line, Room ADP, Minimum quantity of supply air,
Summer Air-conditioning system with ventilation air-zero bypass factor,
GSHF line and RSHF line, Summer Air-conditioning system with ventilation air- bypass factor X,
Winter Air-conditioniing

Air Conditioning systems: DX system,all water systems, all air systems-air water systems, heat
pump system, central and unitary systems, fan coil systems.
Estimation of cooling load, Special purpose Air Conditioning such as theatres, computer room,
school, libraries, rail cars, aircraft and ships.
Transmission and distribution of air: Air movement in rooms, Air distribution devices and systems
Air duct design: general rules to be followed, duct design procedures, conventional flow clean
rooms, air locks, air curtains and air showers
Sources of noise in air-conditioning systems and its controlling methods in detail

Expected Outcome
They will apply the concept and knowledge to design new experiments in the field of refrigeration
and air-conditioning in their laboratories
They will apply the knowledge further to design and fabricate new energy efficient refrigeration
and air-conditioning systems to the society

References
1. Harris NC : Air conditioning practice
2. Gunther R C : Air conditioning and cold storage
3. Stoeker W F : Refrigeration and Air conditioning and Ventilation of Buildings
4. ASHRAE guide and Data Book
5. C. P. Arora: Rferigeration & Air-conditioning
6. Dossat R. J., Principles of Refrigeration. John Wiley & Sons. 2000
7. Althouse A. D., Turnquist C. H. Modern refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Good Heart
Wilcos. CO. Inc. 2000
8. Ananthanarayan P.N., Basic Refrigeration and air condition, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing
Company. 2004
 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Refrigerant compressors: reciprocating compressors, volumetric

efficiency, performance characteristics, and their design, capacity
control of reciprocating compressors
Rotary compressors, screw compressors, centrifugal compressors,
4
performance characteristics of centrifugal compressor, capacity control
of centrifugal compressors
I comparison of performance of reciprocating and centrifugal 15
compressors
Design of refrigeration equipments: condensers, evaporators, capillary
tubes
Working of Constant pressure expansion valve, thermostatic expansion
6
valve, application of thermostatic expansion valve
Controls in refrigeration equipment, various methods of controlling
room conditions at partial load
Food processing by refrigeration and storage, transport refrigeration:
refrigerated trucks and trailers, refrigerated railway cars, marine
II
refrigeration, freezing of foods, types of freezers, calculation of 3 15
freezing time, freeze drying
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Properties of moist air: Specific humidity, Dew point temperature,
Degree of Saturation, Relative humidity, Enthalpy, Humid specific
heat, Wet bulb temperature and Thermodynamic wet bulb temperature,
4
Derivation of thermodynamic wet bulb temperature, Lewis number,
III Carrier equation for calculation of partial pressure of water vapor in the 15
moist air sample.
Psychrometric chart (w-t chart), Construction of Saturation Line,
Relative Humidity Line, Constant Specific Volume Lines, Constant
4
Thermodynamic Wet Bulb Temperature Lines and Constant Enthalpy
Lines. Definition of Sigma heat function and Enthalpy Deviation
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Psychrometry of Air-conditioning processes: Mixing Process, Basic

processes in conditioning of air, Derivations for Sensible heat, Latent
heat and total heat process, Sensible hat factor (SHF), Different ways of
plotting of SHF line on the psychrometric chart, Bypass factor, Cooling
3
and dehumidification process, Apparatus dew point of coil(coil ADP),
Practical limit of Cooling and dehumidification process, Air washer,
Processes possible in air washer, Mass and Energy balance of Air
washer, humidifying efficiency, water injection, steam injection
IV 15
Simple Air-conditioning system, Summer Air-conditioning-Room
sensible heat factor (RSHF) line, Room ADP, Minimum quantity of
supply air,
Summer Air-conditioning system with ventilation air-zero bypass
factor, 4
GSHF line and RSHF line, Summer Air-conditioning system with
ventilation air- bypass factor X, Winter Air-conditioning

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

Air Conditioning systems: DX system, all water systems, all air
systems-air water systems, heat pump system, central and unitary
4
systems, fan coil systems.
V 20
Estimation of cooling load, Special purpose Air Conditioning such as
theatres, computer room, school, libraries, rail cars, aircraft and ships. 3

Transmission and distribution of air: Air movement in rooms, Air

distribution devices and systems
4
Air duct design: general rules to be followed, duct design procedures,
VI conventional flow clean rooms, air locks, air curtains and air showers 20
Sources of noise in air-conditioning systems and its controlling
methods in detail 3

END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Design of Heat Transfer

3-0-0 3 2015
Equipments

Course Objectives

22. To impart a basic concept of various types of heat transfer equipments

23. To make the student capable of designing different types of heat transfer
equipments.

Syllabus

Heat Exchangers: Classification and General features, Calculation of heat transfer area by
different methods, Flow and pressure drop analysis, Double Pipe Heat Exchanger design, Shell
and Tube heat exchanger design, Condenser design, Heat Pipes-Theory and Design

Expected Outcome
18. The student will be able to design, operate and maintain various types of heat
transfer equipments

References

16. Donald Q.Kern, Process Heat Transfer, Tata Mc Graw-hill Publishing Company, Ltd.1997.
17. Hewitt, Shires and Bolt, Process Heat transfer, CRC Press, 1997.
18. A.P.Frans and M.N.Ozisik, Heat exchanger Design, John Wiley & Sons New York
19. P.Dunn and D.A.Reay , Heat Pipes, Pergamom Press,1994.
20. G.P.Peterson, Heat Pipes,Wiley,1994.
21. Kam.W.Li and A. Paul Priddy, Power Plant System Design, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1985.
22. TEMA Standards.
 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Heat Exchangers: Classification and General features- range of

application-Overall heat transfer coefficient-the controlling film
I coefficient- LMTD- Effectiveness-NTU- Calculation of heat transfer 7
area by different methods- caloric or average fluid temperature-the 15
pipe wall temperature.
Flow and pressure drop analysis-computation of total pressure drop
of shell side and tube side for both baffled and un-baffled types-
II
pressure drop in pipes and pipe annuli stream analysis method. 6 15

FIRST INTERNAL EXAM

Double Pipe Heat Exchangers - Film Coefficients of Fluids and Tubes
III - Equivalent diameter for fluids flowing in Annuli - Film coefficients
6
for fluids in Annuli: Fouling factors, The calculation of double pipe 15
exchanger: Double pipe exchangers in series - parallel arrangements.
Shell and Tube heat exchangers - Tube layouts for exchangers- Baffle
spacing, different types of shell and tube exchangers - The
calculations of shell and tube exchangers shell side film coefficients -
shell side equivalent diameter - The true temperature difference in a
IV 1-2 exchanger. Influence of approach temperature on correction 9
15
factory - Shell- side pressure drop - Tube side pressure drop- Analysis
of performance of 1-2 exchangers and design calculation of shell and
tube heat exchangers - Flow arrangements for increased heat recovery
- The calculations of 2-4 exchangers - TEMA standards.
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM
Condensers-Condensation of a single vapour-drop wise and film wise
condensation-process application-condensation on a surface-
development of equation for calculation- comparison between
V horizontal and vertical condensers- the allowable pressure drop for a 20
7
condensing vapour-influence of impurities on condensation-
condensation of steam- design of a surface condenser-different types
of boiling.
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Heat Pipes: Theory , Practical Design Considerations- the working

VI fluid, wick structure, thermal resistance of saturated wicks, the
7 20
container, compatibility, fluid inventory, priming, starting procedure-
special types of Heat pipe- Applications
END SEMESTER EXAM

Course No. Course Name L-T-P Credits Year of Introduction

Air Breathing Propulsion 3-0-0 3 2015

Course Objectives

The objectives of this course are to develop an understanding of how air-breathing engines and
chemical rockets produce thrust; an ability to do overall engine performance analysis
calculations; an ability to carry out performance calculations for individual engine components;
an ability to carry out performance analysis for chemical rockets; an understanding of elementary
overall engine design considerations.

Syllabus

Basic one-dimensional flows: isentropic, area change, heat addition. Overall performance
characteristics of propellers, ramjets, turbojets, turbofans, rockets. Performance analysis of inlets,
exhaust nozzles, compressors, burners, and turbines. Thermodynamic analysis of Turbojet
,Turbofan & Turboprop engines.Rocket flight performance
 Expected Outcome
An understanding of quasi-one-dimensional flow;
An understanding of the generation of thrust in air-breathing engines and rockets;
An ability to carry out simple performance analysis of subsonic and supersonic inlets;
An ability to carry out overall performance calculations of turbojets, turbofans and
turboprops;
An elementary understanding of combustors, afterburners, and exhaust nozzles;
An understanding of axial flow compressors and turbines, and an ability to carry out flow
and performance calculations for these;
An ability to carry out simple flight performance calculations for rockets;

Reference

23. P.G. Hill and C. R. Peterson, Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Propulsion, Addison
Wesley, 2nd Edition, 1992.
 COURSE PLAN

Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Dynamics & Thermodynamics of perfect gases, Quasi one

dimensional flow, thrust and efficiencies. Fundamentals of Gas
Dynamics. Energy equation for non-flow and flow processes. The 3
adiabatic energy equation, Momentum equation. Stagnation concepts.
I Velocity of sound. Critical Mach number, Various regions of flow 15
Analysis of Diffusers & Nozzles: Introduction. Comparison of
isentropic and adiabatic processes -- Mach number variation -- Area
ratio as function of Mach numbers -- Impulse function -- Mass flow 6
rates -- Flow through nozzles -- Flow through diffusers Effect of
friction & heat addition in constant area duct.
Study of intakes for subsonic and supersonic engines. Subsonic inlets
and its flow pattern. Supersonic inlets- Successive steps in the
II acceleration and over speeding of supersonic inlets. External
4 15
deceleration mechanism. Variable geometry intake in supersonic
aircraft engines.
FIRST INTERNAL EXAM
Aircraft Propulsion introduction -- Early aircraft engines -- Types of
aircraft engines -- Reciprocating internal combustion engines -- Gas
turbine engines -- Turbo jet engine -- Turbo fan engine -- Turbo-prop
III engine. Ramjet engines & Scram jet engines. Various problems 15
7
associated in the design of intakes and combustion chamber in
Supersonic Combustion Ram jet engines

Gas Turbine combustors- Fully annular combustion chamber and can

annular combustion chamber. After Burners and Ramjet Combustors.
Design and analysis of Compressors and Turbines- Design of
IV multistage axial flow Compressors and Turbines 15
7
Study of Stagnation pressure losses in Combustion chambers. Flame
holders- Simplified model of a Flame holder. Nozzles- Working
principle of a variable exhaust nozzle in an after burning turbojet
engine.
SECOND INTERNAL EXAM
 Hours Allotted

% of Marks in
End-Semester
Examination
Module

Contents

Thermodynamic analysis of turbojet engine Study of subsonic and

supersonic engine models -- Identification and Selection of optimal
V operational parameters. Need for further development Analysis of 20
7
Turbojet with after burner.

Thermodynamic analysis of turbofan engine Study of subsonic and

supersonic systems -- Identification and selection of optimal
operational parameters. Design of fuel efficient engines Mixed flow
VI turbo fan engine Analysis of Turbofan with after burner.
7 20
Thermodynamic analysis of turbo-prop engine Identification and
selection of optimal operational parameters.
Modeling of thermal rocket engines; nozzle flow; control of mass
flow. Elementary ideas on rocket engines.
END SEMESTER EXAM