Comparision between stone and brick masonry

S.no Stone masonry Brick masonry

1. High crushing strength, used in dams Low
2. No external treatment reqd Plastering reqd
3. High strength, durability and water resistant Low
4. No disintegration due to damping Possible
5. costly Cheap
6. Requires proper dressing, extra time and Less, due to regular shape which causes
labour proper bonding
7. Lifting device reqd Not reqd
8. Wall thickness generally >30cm of 10 cm thickness
9. Non fire resistant Fire resistant

Technical terms and definitions :

( standard dimen of bricks: 190,90,90mm)

Header:Brick laid with length face pcular to the wall.

Stretcher:laid with length parallel to wall
Bond: overlapping of bricks in wall in alternate courses. Used to eliminate vertical joints both in body and
face of wall.

Course: horizontal layer of bricks

Header Course: course of headers

Stretcher course: course of stretcher

Bed:lower surface of bricks

Face: surface of wall exposed to weather

Facing : material used to make facing
Back: inner surface of walls ,not exposed to weather
Backing: material used to make back
Hearting: Portion of wall b/w facing and backing
Joint: junction of 2or more bricks
 1. Bed joint: joints parallel to the bed of brick.Pressure always acts normal to the bed joint.
2. Cross joint or head joint: joint pcular to face of wall.
Racking Back: process of stopping unfinshed end of a wall in stepped fashion.

Bat: portion of brick cut across width by some fraction of length

Closer: cut in such a fashion that its one long face remains uncut
King closer: width of one face is half of other.Formed by cutting of triangular piece at the corner .

Queen closer:brick which is half as wide of original.

Beveled closer and mitred closer:

Perpend: vertical joint on the face of wall directly over the alternate course

Frog: Depression on top face of bricks which provides a space for mortar which on setting forms akey and
prevents displacement of the brick above.

Quoin: the exterior angle or corner of wall. Te brick or wedge shaped stone placed at corner is called quoin.

Plinth: The horizontal projecting course of stone provided at the base of the wall above ground level with the
aim of protecting the ground floor from flooding during rain .

Plinth

Plinth course: top most course of plinth.

Sill:Horizontal member of brick ,stone, wood concrete provided to support for vertical members of a window .
used for shedding of rain water .

Jambs: {chaukhat} vertical sides of finished opening of door,window

Reveals: exposed vertical surfaces on the sidesof opening after door or window has been fitted.

Lintels:A horizontal member of stone , brick , wood steel or Rcc used to support the masonry or load

Lintels
 REVEALS OF A WINDOWS

String course: Horizontal course projecting from wall at floor or sill level to improve elevation of structure.

Cornice: Horizontal moulded projection provided at the top of building or at the junction of a wall and ceiling

.Adds architectural beauty and shreds rain water. cornice

Blocking Course : course of stone added immediately below cornice to prevent overturning of cornice.

Parapet wall: low wall built around a flat roof to act as a protective solid balustrade for the users of terrace.

Coping: Covering placed on exposed top of a wall to prevent seepage made of concrete , brick or tera cotta.

coping

Weathering : it means beveled top surface of astone to enable the rain water to flow off the surface .

Throating: To provide groove on underside of aprojecting course of masonry to prevent creepage of water from
the underside of the groove.

THROATING

Gable: triangular portion of masonry at the end of sloped roof

Through stone: stone passing through a wall from front to back face and acting as a binder for two faces of the
wall is termed
 Through stone

Column: isolated vertical loading bearing member whose width does not exceed 4 times its thickness

Piers: vertical member of stone or brick masonry constructed to support an arch ,beamor lintel etc the
width of which exceeds four times its thickness.