Day 11

Math24 (Differential Equations)

Ch 2.5 Autonomous Equations and Population

Dynamics (Page 78-95)
Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, 10th edition, by
William E. Boyce and Richard C. DiPrima, 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Recall: Exponential Growth
dy
ry, r 0 An exponential model y' = ry, with solution y = ert,
dt predicts unlimited growth, with rate r > 0
independent of population
y y0e rt
 dy
ry, r 0
Logistic Growth dt

Assuming instead that growth rate depends on population size,

replace r by a function h(y) to obtain dy/dt = h(y)y
with h(y) = r ay, where a > 0.

r ay y,
dy
r, a 0
dt

This equation is known as the Verhulst, or logistic, equation.

K represents the carrying capacity of the population, where

K = r/a and the constant r is called the intrinsic growth rate.

dy y
r 1 y ,
dt K
 Solving the Logistic Equation
Provided y 0 and y K, we can rewrite the logistic ODE:
dy y
rdt ce rt
1 y K y 1 y K
y0 K
or y , where y0 y(0)
y0 K y0 e rt
 y0 K
y
y0 K y0 e rt
Example 1: Pacific Halibut (1 of 2)

1/84) Let y be biomass (in kg) of halibut population at time t,

with r = 0.71/year and K = 80.5 x 106 kg. If y0 = 0.25K, find
(a) biomass 2 years later
y(2) 0.5797 K 46.7 106 kg
 y0 K
y
y0 K y0 e rt
Example 1: Pacific Halibut (1 of 2)

1/84) Let y be biomass (in kg) of halibut population at time t,

with r = 0.71/year and K = 80.5 x 106 kg. If y0 = 0.25K, find
(a) biomass 2 years later
(b) the time such that y() = 0.75K.
1 0.25
ln 3.095 years
0.71 30.75
 END OF DAY 11
Math24 (Differential Equations)

Ch 2.5 Autonomous Equations and Population

Dynamics (Page 78-95)
Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, 10th edition, by
William E. Boyce and Richard C. DiPrima, 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.