RESEARCH PAPER TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in EDLE & CUIN
EDUC 5312: CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Name: ZERRIN SENER Date: 06/05/2017

Instructional Project 3

Directions:

This is a research assignment. Use your textbook, web articles, and NAU library
to conduct research when writing this paper.

Use APA style references and in-text- citations. You need to use at least 3
different resources besides Castronova (2002), and Moore (2015).

Part 1. DISCOVERY LEARNING:

Download and read the following article:

Castronova, J. A. (2002). Discovery learning for the 21st century:

What is it and how does it compare to traditional learning in
effectiveness in the 21st century. Action Research Exchange, 1(1), 1-
12. Retrived from
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.594.6363&r
ep=rep1&type=pdf
After reading this article and conducting additional research, answer
to the following questions.
What is discovery learning?
Discovery Learning was introduced by Jerome Burner and is a method of Inquiry-Based Instruction.
This popular theory encourages learners to build on past experiences and knowledge, use their
intuition, imagination and creativity and search for new information to discover facts , correlations
and new truths. Learning does not equal absorbing what was said or read ,but actively seeking for
answers and solutions.
Discovery learning is an active learning process where students develop higher-level skills
to build a deep understanding of major concepts.
How does this form of teaching compare to traditional, teacher-centered
instruction?
Discovery learning is not like traditional classroom learning. It consists of three main attributes :
Through exploration and problem solving students create, integrate, and generalize
knowledge
Student driven, interest-based activities which the student determines the sequence and
frequency
Activities to encourage integration of new knowledge into the learners existing knowledge
base
The five major differences between discovery learning and traditional learning are :
Learning is active rather than passive
Learning is process-based rather than fact-based
Failure is important
Feedback is necessary
Understanding is deeper
Discovery learning can be facilitated through various strategies, or architectures, in the classroom.

What educational theories support the discovery learning model?

John Dewey (1916/1997), Jean Piaget (1954, 1973), and Lev Vygotsky (Rice & Wilson, 1999) all
developed theories that serve as the foundation to discovery learning. All of these theories describe
learning as active, process-based, and collaborative.
In Democracy and Education, Dewey (1916/1997) describes learning as action where knowledge and
ideas emerge as learners interact with other learners in a community and build their knowledge by
applying conclusions from past experiences that had meaning and importance.
In To Understand is to Invent (1973), Piaget wrote that understanding comes from discovery and
that without understanding production and creativity are lost and the individual is caught in only
repetition. Piaget theorized that children do not think with the same logic as adults
Lev Vygotsky emphasized the impact of cultural and social influences on cognitive development,
particularly the interaction of children with other people in cognitive development .
Vygotsky introduced the theoretical concept of the zone of proximal development.
There are five main architectures included in discovery learning, case-based learning, incidental
learning, learning by exploring/conversing, learning by reflection, and simulationbased
learning.

What is the most important thing you discovered about discovery learning?

The students become curious and begin to make sense of their experience through their
own exploration. Also the learning is more effective because each student is actively
involved in the process.

How can you apply this method to your future classroom?

Of course, I want to get my students take ownership of their learning. First, I can
give my students a problem or subject to research on their own. When my
students do their own research I can ask critical questions. They discuss each
other their answer then I can get feedback, correcting mistakes and to see what
everyone learned and what they discovered by themselves.

Part 2.ADDITIONAL CHAPTERS

Select oneof the following chapters to conduct research: Chapter 2,
3, 5 or 12. Review the chapter and respond to related questions for
that chapter by conducting your own research.

Chapter 2- Teaching Diverse Students

1. Teaching all students. Remember that a teachers job is to teach all students
and assume an attitude that all students can learn. Research techniques and
strategies that can be used to accomplish this task. Sources of information
include the library, the Internet, current journals, and recent books.

2. Intelligence profile. Evaluate your own intelligence profile according to

Gardner. In what frames of mind (intelligence areas) do you come out strongest?

Chapter 3- Managing Classroom Environment

1. Discipline approaches. Analyze the three approaches to classroom

management. Which approach, if any, do you prefer? Can you put together parts
of the different approaches and come up with an eclectic approach that you think
would work for you? Can you identify some basic concepts that appear to be true
of all three approaches?

2. Causes of misbehavior. Think back over the classes you have attended in
which there have been disciplinary incidents. List the possible causes for any
such misbehavior. How might knowledge of the causes of these incidents
influence a teachers actions? Some behavior problems are teacher created and
some are student centered. Can you think of examples?

Chapter 5- Using Classroom Technology

1. How does technology enhance the teachers ability to plan instruction? Use
one of the available search engines to explore the web for technological tools
such as lesson planning software, worksheets and puzzle tools, poster and
bulletin board production tools, and time management tools that will assist you in
planning. Share your findings with your class.

The generation of children today has grown up with technology. Using technology in
the classroom is becoming easier for teachers and to make their classes more
interactive. As a teacher using technology is very vital for teachers to make their classes more
interactive and productive. Without technology teachers can not be successful in education.
Blogging is similar to an online diary; Also is very useful tools in education. It provides a quick
and easy way for teachers and students to share work, opinions, ideas, and information.
Blogging can be used with elementary and high school students.
Weblogs in Education or the Educational Bloggers Network. .

2. Technology offers tools that can help students learn. To what technology
should students have access? Do you have any educational concerns about the
use of these technologies in schools? If so, what are they? If not, why not?

In my opinion these products are very useful for the students. In education and classroom
technology tools provide better learning environment for students. Sometimes students can play
games or spend time on social media but a teacher can encourage them to focus on classroom.
Many technologies function as scaffolds and tools to help students solve problems. Technology
can make it easier for teachers to give students feedback about their thinking and for students to
revise their work. My school is a elementary school so they use ;

I Pad
Computer
Projector
Smart interactive whiteboard

Chapter 12-Teaching Effective Thinking Strategies

1. Teaching methods. What teaching methods and procedures can be used to

improve students critical thinking abilities? Creative thinking abilities?
2. Thinking. What type of thinking is emphasized in most schools? Is critical
thinking rewarded? Creative thinking? Is school success based on students
ability to think critically? Creatively?
3. The environment. What type of classroom environment would be conducive
to developing critical thinking? Creative thinking? What problems can you
foresee in establishing this environment?

Part 3. REFERENCES:
 Cite at least 5References in APA.
You need to use at least 3 different resources besides Castronova
(2002), and Moore (2015).
You may use http://www.citationmachine.net/apa/cite-a-journal for
citing your sources in APA style.

References:
Jensen, A. R. (1973). Educational Differences. Routledge Library Editions :Education

Piaget, J. 1973 to understand is Invent. New York Grossman.

https://www.edutopia.org/technology-integration-guide-implementation

Moore, K.D.(2015). Effective instructional strategies: from theory to practice. Los Angeles :SAGE