Automatic Boom Gating System

A SYNOPSIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

L.R INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

OACHGHAT, SOLAN, HP (INDIA)

Submitted By:- Submitted To :-

Team Members: Abhishek, Ashutosh, Hitesh, Er. Anant Krishan Punn
Himanshu Kushal, Lokesh, Neeraj, Nitish (H.O.D. Mech. Department)
Branch : Mechanical Engg.

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Table of contents:

Sr. no. Contents Page no.

1 Introduction 4-6

2 Objective and scope 7-8

3 Process Description 9-11

4 Resources 12

5 Limitations 13

6 Conclusion 14

7 Contact information 15

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Table of figures:

Sr. no. Contents Page no.

1 Outcome idea of boom barrier 4

2 Schematic showing Design (Mech.) for the Boom Barrier 9

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Boom Barrier

Fig1: outcome idea of boom barrier

Team Members: Abhishek, Ashutosh, Hitesh, Himanshu, Kushal, Lokesh, Neeraj, Nitish
Project Leader: Hitesh

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Introduction:
A boom barrier, also known as a boom gate, is a bar, or pole pivoted to allow the boom to block
vehicular access through a controlled point.

Typically the tip of a boom gate rises in a vertical arc to a near vertical position. Boom gates are
often counterweighted, so the pole is easily tipped. Boom gates are often paired either end to
end, or offset appropriately to block traffic in both directions.
Some boom gates also have a second arm, which pivots on links that allow the second arm to
hang 300 to 400 mm below the upper arm when it descends into the horizontal position, to
increase approach visibility.

Boom gates are typically found at level (rail) crossings, drawbridges, parking facilities,
checkpoints and entrances to restricted areas. They are also the usual method for controlling
passage through toll booths, and can also be found on some freeway entrance ramps which are
automatically controlled to drop to restrict traffic in the event of accident cleanup or road
closures without the need to dispatch road workers or law enforcement to use a vehicle to block
the way.

Some boom gates are automatic and powered, others are manually operated. Manual gates are
sometimes hung in the manner of a normal gate (i.e. hinged horizontally).

In some places, boom gates are installed across suburban streets as a traffic calming measure,
preventing through traffic, while allowing authorized vehicles such as emergency services and
buses to take advantage of the shorter and more direct route.

Thus essentially barriers are the kind of an embankment which allows the authorized motors to
pass and keep unwanted motors outside the premises or keep a check on them. These are the
conventional method and are used since long time.

Traditionally devoid of electric power operators were employed who manually operated the
gate .These types were not all mechanical and used a counterweight for their operation .Then
came the mechanical systems which employed gears , pulleys , ropes wires etc. for their
operation.

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Modern day technology employs a unique integration of mechanical, electrical and electronics
techniques for an automatic operation.

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Literature Survey:
I have studied the following literatures related to my project. Below is the conclusion of the
literatures which are related to our work and which helps to understand the project concepts its
implementation.

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Objective & Scope:
Traffic gating is one of the problems of our college, so we have decided to solve this problem.
We have decided to make our degree project (major) on gating system.

The objective of "gating" is to control the inflow of traffic into the area of our college. This
project greatly helps in reducing the human effort in gating as well as reducing the idle parking
time in front of the gate.

In our project we have decided to make the barrier three ways operated i.e. manual,
semiautomatic and automatic.

In manually operated gating system we use fully mechanical based mechanism. This helps in
operating the gating manually by security guard during power failure.

On the other hand automatic and semi-automatic systems are made with the help of electrical and
electronics components. These systems are power based and help in reducing the human effort in
gating.
The Scope of this project is to provide our college with an efficient barrier system which will
automatically control the Traffic. Reason for the selection of this live project is to nurture the
Practical skills acquired from the theoretical knowledge by studying engineering.

Also this project will demonstrate a way to our juniors so that they are also encouraged to
develop the live projects, thus scaling the new heights for the advancement of our college.

This project will be a stepping stone in the technological growth of our institute.

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Process Description:

Fig2: Schematic showing Design (Mech.) for the Boom Barrier

The design mainly consists of two shafts, a servomotor, two helical gears and a boom arm.

As shown servomotor is the prime mover which will give the necessary rotary motion to the
system. Gears will give the necessary speed ratio for the two shafts. There will be a fixed link
between the driving shaft and boom arm which will allow to raise/lower the barrier.

Servomotor is designed for the 180 rotation i.e. one half rotation. Thus, when driving shaft
cover one half rotation then the driven shaft will cover one quarter i.e. 90, because of a simple
gear train employed with a gear ratio of 2:1. Due to this the boom arm will be raised.

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The motion to the motor will be actuated by a system of biometric sensors which will sense the
vehicles thus controlling the current to the motor.
This whole system is fully automatic requiring no operator for the control of vehicles.

In semi-automatic mode an operator will control the motor and hence raise the boom arm.

Manual operation is also provided which can be used in case of power failure
It can be employed in two ways:

In first way a gear shifter similar to a gearbox along with the splined shaft will be used which
will disengage the two gears and necessary motion for boom arm will be provided by a manually
operated hand wheel similar to hand wheels of lathe machine

In another method no gear shifter shall be used instead electronic system will be used. This will
employ some electronic means to prevent the generation of back emfs which will be produced
when the shaft is rotated manually without disengagement of gears during a power failure.

On the basis of economic & design feasibility one of the two methods will be used for
mechanical operation.

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Resources:
Various components such as gears, shafts, keys, bearings will be purchased from local vendors.
We also have links with industrial personnel who can guide us while selecting and purchasing
these components. They will also help us in designating the various dimensions of components
according to the industrial catalogue.
Boom arm will preferably be made with aluminum. Its design can be solid arm as well as a frame
with ribbed structures so as to reduce the weight.
Due to unavailability of aluminum welding in our area other methods such as riveting, bolting
can be used for the fabrication of boom arm.
Electronics components will be designed and sourced by the electronic branch of our college.

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Limitations:
1) Due to frequent interruptions in power supply the automatic operation will be partially
compromised.

2) Due to wide range of vehicles entering the campus sensor selection/operation can be
troublesome.

3) A well-insulated and waterproof casing is to be developed to prevent damage to mechanisms

and components.

4) Improper and careless manual operation can lead to failure of mechanical drives.

5) Cost of biometric sensors is very high. It will increase the overall cost of the project.

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Conclusion:
This project will solve the problem of restricting the unwanted vehicles and permitting the
authorized ones. This project will also demonstrate the technical & collaboration capabilities of
the students as well as faculty of our reputed institute.

As the projects are undertaken to develop new products or modify the existing ones for the
betterment, we are sure that we as the team are on the right path to be the future engineers. We
would like our deptt. and management to look at our idea as a springboard for our advancement
as well as for the institute as a whole.

We hope the responsible authorities will give the due care to our idea and provide us with the
(N.O.C.).

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Contact information:

Sr. no Name Roll no. Contact no.

1 Abhishek pal 45502 9418114790
2 Ashutosh koundle 45511 8894894920
3 Hitesh sharma 45521 9736744079
4 Himanshu Kashyap 45556 9805311104
5 Kushal bhardwaj 45526 9459861238
6 Lokesh kumar 45527 9882545027
7 Neeraj kumar Me-le-9223 9459028551
8 Nitish aggarwal 45534 9816684181

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