BS8110 97

BS8110-97-1
Title
Analysis of a Doubly Reinforced Rectangular Section
Description
Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of the cross-section shown in figure given that
the characteristic strengths are f y =460 N/mm2 for the reinforcement and f cu = 30 N/mm2
for the concrete.
Doubly reinforced section
1
Verification Example
Theoretical Result(BS8110-85, m = 1.15 )
For equilibrium of the tensile and compressive forces on the section:

Fst = Fcc + Fsc
Assuming initially that the steel stresses and are the design yield values, then
0.87 f y As = 0.45 f cu bs + 0.87 f y A' s
Therefore
0.87 f y ( As A 's )
s=
0.45 f cu b
0.87 460(2454.5 628.4)
=
0.45 30 280
= 193.3 mm
x = s 0.9 = 214.8 mm
x d = 214.8 / 510 = 0.42 < 0.636
so the tension steel will have yielded. Also
d '/ x = 50 / 214.8 = 0.233 < 0.43
so the compression steel will also have yielded, assumed.
Taking moments about the tension steel
M = Fcc (d s / 2) + Fsc (d d ')
= 0.45 f cu bs(d s / 2) + 0.87 f y A 's (d d ')
= 0.45 30 280 193.3 (510 193.3 / 2) + 0.87 460 628.4(510 50)

= 417 106 N mm
2
BS8110-97-1
Result by MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )
-----------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Checking [ BS8110-97 ]
=======================================
*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-BEAM Analysis/Design Program.
*.PROJECT :
*.DESIGN CODE : BS8110-97, *.UNIT SYSTEM : KN, mm
*.MEMBER : Member Type = BEAM, MEMB = 1
*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : 280X560

Section Type : Rectangle (RECT)
Beam Length (Span) = 6000.000 mm.
Section Depth (Hc) = 560.000 mm.
Section Width (Bc) = 280.000 mm.
Concrete Strength (fcu) = 0.030 KN/mm^2.
Main Rebar Strength (fy) = 0.460 KN/mm^2.
Stirrups Strength (fyv) = 0.460 KN/mm^2.
Modulus of Elasticity (Es) = 200.000 KN/mm^2.
*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

Positive Bending Moment P-M = 411750.00 KN-mm., LCB = 1
Negative Bending Moment N-M = 0.00 KN-mm., LCB = 1
Shear Force V = 137.25 KN. , LCB = 1
*.REINFORCEMENT PATTERN :
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Location i di( mm.) Rebar Asi( mm^2.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P20 628.40000
Bottom 2 510.000 5-P25 2454.50000
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
======================================================
[[[*]]] ANALYZE POSITIVE BENDING MOMENT CAPACITY.
=======================================================
( ). Compute design parameter (alpha1, beta1).

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Rectangular-beam).
3
-. Rho.min = 0.001300 (by Table 3.25 Tension reinforcement (c)).

-. As.min = Rho.min * (Bc*Hc) = 203.8400 mm^2.
-. As.max = 0.04 * (Bc*Hc) = 6272.0000 mm^2.
-. As.prov = 2454.5000 mm^2.
-. As.min < As.prov < As.max ---> O.K !
( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trial X Cc + Cs = CcCs Ts Ratio
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 255.000 861.08 266.88 1127.96 1075.30 95.10
2-nd 127.500 430.54 258.96 689.50 1075.30 64.12
3-rd 191.250 645.81 266.88 912.69 1075.30 84.88
4-th 223.125 753.45 266.88 1020.33 1075.30 94.89
5-th 239.063 807.27 266.88 1074.14 1075.30 99.89
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

-. Gamma_m = 1.5 (for concrete).
-. Fcd = fcu / Gamma_m = 0.020 KN/mm^2.
-. Gamma_m = 1.05 (for reinforcement).
-. fyd = fy / Gamma_m = 0.438 KN/mm^2.
-. Ts = Ast*fyd = 1075.305 KN.
-. Cs = (fsc-alpha1*fcd)*Asc = 266.878 KN.
-. Cc = Ts Cs = 808.426 KN.
-. a = Cc / (alpha1*fcd*Bc) = 215.4654 mm.
-. M_Rd = Cc*(d-a/2)+Cs*(d-dc) = 447967.549 KN-mm.
( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.919 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
4
BS8110-97-1
5
Results by MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 )
----------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Checking
===========================
*.PROJECT :


Shear Force V = 137.25 KN., LCB = 1
---------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P20 628.40000
Bottom 2 510.000 5-P25 2454.50000
---------------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
===================================================
===================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Rectangular-beam).

-. Rho.min = 0.001300 (by Table 3.25 Tension reinforcement (c)).
6
BS8110-97-1

-. As.max = 0.04 * (Bc*Hc) = 6272.0000 mm^2.
-. As.prov = 2454.5000 mm^2.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trial X Cc + Cs = CcCs Ts Ratio
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 255.000 861.08 242.94 1104.02 981.80 87.55
2-nd 127.500 430.54 242.94 673.48 981.80 68.60
3-rd 191.250 645.81 242.94 888.75 981.80 90.52
4-th 223.125 753.45 242.94 996.39 981.80 98.51
5-th 207.188 699.63 242.94 942.57 981.80 96.00
6-th 215.156 726.54 242.94 969.48 981.80 98.75
7-th 219.141 739.99 242.94 982.93 981.80 99.88
8-th 217.148 733.27 242.94 976.21 981.80 99.43
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. fcd = fcu / Gamma_m = 0.020 KN/mm^2.
-. Gamma_m = 1.15 (for reinforcement).
-. fyd = fy / Gamma_m = 0.400 KN/mm^2.
-. Ts = Ast*fyd = 981.800 KN.
-. Cs = (fsc-alpha1*fcd)*Asc = 242.939 KN.
-. Cc = Ts Cs = 738.861 KN.
-. a = Cc / (alpha1*fcd*Bc) = 196.9245 mm.
-. M_Rd = Cc*(d-a/2)+Cs*(d-dc) = 415821.171 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.990 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
7
8
BS8110-97-1
Comparison of Results
Result Reference ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )
Mu 417.75 kN m 415.82 kN m (99.5%) 447.97 kN m
Reference
W.H. Mosley, J.H. Bungcey. Reinforced Concrete Design, Example 4.4
9
BS8110-97-2
Title
Design of a Flanged Section -1

Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of the T-section shown in figure. The
characteristic strenghth are f y =460 N/mm2 for the reinforcement and f cu = 30 N/mm2 for
the concrete.
Description
Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of the T-section shown in figure. The
characteristic strenghth are f y =460 N/mm2 for the reinforcement and f cu = 30 N/mm2 for
the concrete.
Design example of a T-section, s < h f
1
Assume initially that the stress block depth lies within the flange and the reinforcement is
strained to the yield, so that f st = 0.87 f y
For no resultant axial force on the sections
Fst = Fcc
therefore
0.45 f cu b f s = 0.87 f y As
and solving for the depth of stress block
0.87 460 1472.7
s=
0.45 30 800
=54.57 mm
x = s / 0.9 = 60.64 mm
Hence the stress block does lie within the flange and with this depth of neutral axis the steel
will have yielded as assumed.
Lever arm:
z = d s/2
= 420 54.57 / 2 = 392.72 mm
Taking moments about the centroid of the reinforcement the moment of resistance is
M = Fcc z
= 0.45 f cu b f sz
= 0.45 30 800 54.57 392.72 10 6
= 231.46 kN m
2
BS8110-97-2
Result by MIDAS/Gen(BS8110-97, m = 1.05 )
-----------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Design < BS8110-97 >
=======================================
*.PROJECT :
*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : T-BEAM

Section Type : Tee-Section (TEE)
Width of Flange (bf) = 800.000 mm.
Depth of Flange (hf) = 150.000 mm.

---------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P25 981.80000
Bottom 2 420.000 3-P25 1472.70000
---------------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
=======================================================
<<<*>>> ANALYZE POSITIVE BENDING MOMENT CAPACITY.
========================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
3
( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Tee-beam).

-. Flanged beams, web in tension.
-. bw / b = 0.375 < 0.4
-. Rho.min = 0.001800 (by Table 3.25 Tension reinforcement (a.1)).
-. As.max = 0.04 * [ (bf*hf) + (Hc-hf)*Bc ] = 8640.0000 mm^2.
-. As.prov = 1472.7000 mm^2.
------------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Design < BS8110-97 >
=======================================

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Trial X Ccf + Ccw = Cc Ts Ratio
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 210.000 1005.00 759.78 1764.78 645.18 -73.53
2-nd 105.000 0.00 1013.04 1013.04 645.18 42.98
3-rd 52.500 0.00 506.52 506.52 645.18 78.51
4-th 78.750 0.00 759.78 759.78 645.18 82.24
5-th 65.625 0.00 633.15 633.15 645.18 98.13
6-th 72.188 0.00 696.46 696.46 645.18 92.05
7-th 68.906 0.00 664.81 664.81 645.18 96.96
8-th 67.266 0.00 648.98 648.98 645.18 99.41
9-th 66.445 0.00 641.06 641.06 645.18 99.36
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. a = beta1 * X = 59.8008 mm.
-. a < hf ---> Analyze as Rectangular beam.
-. M_Rd = alpha1*fcd*bf*a*(d-a/2) = 250078.96 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.810 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
4
BS8110-97-2
5
Results by MIDAS/Gen( m = 1.15 )
------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Design
========================
*.PROJECT :


---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P25 981.80000
Bottom 2 420.000 3-P25 1472.70000
---------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
===================================================
====================================================
-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
6
BS8110-97-2

-. bw / b = 0.375 < 0.4
-. As.prov = 1472.7000 mm^2.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 210.00 1005.00 759.78 1764.78 589.08 -99.58
2-nd 105.00 0.00 1013.04 1013.04 589.08 28.03
3-rd 52.500 0.00 506.52 506.52 589.08 85.98
4-th 78.750 0.00 759.78 759.78 589.08 71.02
5-th 65.625 0.00 633.15 633.15 589.08 92.52
6-th 59.062 0.00 569.83 569.83 589.08 96.73
7-th 62.344 0.00 601.49 601.49 589.08 97.89
8-th 60.703 0.00 585.66 585.66 589.08 99.42
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. a = beta1 * X = 54.6328 mm.
-. a < hf ---> Analyze as Rectangular beam.
-. M_Rd = alpha1*fcd*bf*a*(d-a/2) = 229980.55 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.881 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
7
8
BS8110-97-2
Mu 231.46 kN m 229.98 kN m (99.4%) 251.29 kN m
Reference
9
BS8110-97-3
Title
Design of a Flanged Section -2
Description
The T-section beam shown in figure is required to resist an ultimate design moment of 180
kN m. The characteristic material strengths are f y =460 N/mm2 and f cu =30 N/mm2.
Calculate the area of reinforcement required.
Design example, T-section with s > h f
1
In the figure
Fcf is the force developed in the flange
Fcw is the force developed in the area of web in compression
Moment of resistance, M f , of the flange is
M f = Fcf + z1
or
M f = 0.45 f cu b f h f (d h f 2)
= 0.45 30 400 100(350 100 / 2) 106
= 162 kN m < 180 kN m, the design moment
Therefore, the stress block must extend below the flange.
It is now necessary to determine the depth, sw, of the web in compression,
where sw = s h f
For equilibrium:
Applied moment
184.22 = Fcf z1 + Fcw z2
= 162 + 0.45 f cu bw sw z2
This equation can be rearranged into
sw2 500sw + 13.33 103 = 0
Solving this quadratic equation
sw = 28
So that the depth of neutral axis
x = s / 0.9 = (100 + 28) / 0.9
= 142 mm
As x < d / 2 , compression reinforcement is not required.
For the equilibrium of the section
Fst = Fcf + Fcw
or
0.87 f y As = 0.45 f cu b f h f + 0.45 f cu bsw sw
0.87 460 As = 0.45 30(400 100 + 200 28)
2
BS8110-97-3
Therefore
636 103
As =
0.87 460
= 1540 mm2
3
Results by MIDAS/Gen(BS8110-97, m = 1.05 )
----------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Design [ BS8110-97 ]
======================================
*.PROJECT :


--------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P32 1608.40000
Bottom 2 350.000 2-P32 1608.40000
--------------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
=====================================================
======================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
4
BS8110-97-3

-. bw / b = 0.500 > 0.4
-. As.prov = 1608.4000 mm^2.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 175.000 268.00 422.10 690.10 704.63 97.94
2-nd 262.500 268.00 633.15 901.15 375.29 -40.12
3-rd 218.750 268.00 527.62 795.62 675.53 82.22
4-th 196.875 268.00 474.86 742.86 704.63 94.57
5-th 185.938 268.00 448.48 716.48 704.63 98.32
6-th 180.469 268.00 435.29 703.29 704.63 99.81
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. A = beta1 * X = 162.4219 mm.
-. Ccf = alpha1*fcd*(bf-bw)*hf = 268.00 KN.
-. Ccw = alpha1*fcd*(bw*a) = 435.29 KN.
-. M_Rd1 = Ccf*(d-hf/2) = 80400.00 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd2 = Ccw*(d-a/2) = 117001.36 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd = M_Rd1 + M_Rd2 = 197401.36 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.912 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
5
6
BS8110-97-3
7
------------------------------------------
=========================
*.PROJECT :


---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P32 1608.40000
Bottom 2 350.000 2-P32 1608.40000
---------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
=====================================================
======================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
8
BS8110-97-3

-. bw / b = 0.500 > 0.4
-. As.prov = 1608.4000 mm^2.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 175.000 268.00 422.10 690.10 643.36 92.74
2-nd 87.500 0.00 422.10 422.10 643.36 65.61
3-rd 131.250 268.00 316.57 584.57 643.36 90.86
4-th 153.125 268.00 369.34 637.34 643.36 99.06
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. a = beta1 * X = 137.8125 mm.
-. M_Rd1 = Ccf*(d-hf/2) = 80400.00 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd2 = Ccw*(d-a/2) = 103818.46 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd = M_Rd1 + M_Rd2 = 184218.46 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.977 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
9
10
BS8110-97-3
11
As , required 1540 mm2 1546.33 mm2 ( 99.6% ) 1411.87 mm2
Reference
12
BS8110-97-4
Title
Design of a Flanged Section - 3
Description
Determine the ultimate moment of resistance of the T-beam section shown in figure, given
f y =460 N/mm2 and f cu =30 N/mm2.
Design example of a T-section, s > h f
1
The Compressive force in the flange is

Fcf = 0.45 f cu b f h f
= 0.45 30 450 150 103
= 911.2 kN
Then tensile force in the reinforcing steel, assuming it has yielded, is
Fst = 0.87 f y As
= 0.87 460 2412.6 103
= 965.53 kN
Therefore Fst > Fcc
so that s > h f
and the force in the web is
Fcw = 0.45 f cu bw ( s h f )
= 0.45 30 300( s 150) 103
= 4.05( s 150)
For equilibrium
Fcw = Fst Fcf
or 4.05( s 150) = 965.53 911.2
Hence
s = 163.41 mm
x = s 0.9 = 181.57 mm
With this depth of neutral axis the reinforcement has yielded, as assumed, and
Fcw = 4.05(163.41 150) = 54.32 kN
Taking moments about the centroid of the reinforcement
M = Fcf (d h f / 2) + Fcw (d s / 2 h f / 2)
= [911.2(440 150 / 2) + 54.32 (440 163.41/ 2 150 / 2)] 103
= 347.98 kN m
2
BS8110-97-4
Results by MIDAS/Gen(BS8110-97, m = 1.05 )
----------------------------------------------------------------
======================================
*.PROJECT :
*.DESIGN CODE : BS8110-97, *.UNIT SYSTEM : KN, m

Beam Length (Span) = 6.000 m.
Section Depth (Hc) = 0.490 m.
Section Width (Bc) = 0.300 m.
Width of Flange (bf) = 0.450 m.
Depth of Flange (hf) = 0.150 m.
Concrete Strength (fcu) = 30000.000 KN/m^2.
Main Rebar Strength (fy) = 460000.000 KN/m^2.
Stirrups Strength (fyv) = 460000.000 KN/m^2.
Modulus of Elasticity (Es) = 200000000.000 KN/m^2.

Positive Bending Moment P-M = 337.50 KN-m., LCB = 1
Negative Bending Moment N-M = 0.00 KN-m., LCB = 1
---------------------------------------------------------
Location i di( m.) Rebar Asi( m^2.)
---------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 0.050 2-P32 0.00161
Bottom 2 0.440 3-P32 0.00241
---------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
=====================================================
======================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
-. beta1 = 0.9000
3

-. bw / b = 0.667 > 0.4
-. As.min = Rho.min * (Bc*Hc) = 0.0002 m^2.
-. As.max = 0.04 * [ (bf*hf) + (Hc-hf)*Bc ] = 0.0068 m^2.
-. As.prov = 0.0024 m^2.
( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., m.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 0.220 301.50 795.96 1097.46 1056.95 96.17
2-nd 0.110 0.00 596.97 596.97 1056.95 56.48
3-rd 0.165 0.00 895.45 895.45 1056.95 84.72
4-th 0.193 301.50 696.46 997.96 1056.95 94.42
5-th 0.206 301.50 746.21 1047.71 1056.95 99.13
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. fcd = fcu / Gamma_m = 20000.000 KN/m^2.
-. a = beta1 * X = 0.1856 m.
-. M_Rd1 = Ccf*(d-hf/2) = 110.05 KN-m.
-. M_Rd2 = Ccw*(d-a/2) = 259.08 KN-m.
-. M_Rd = M_Rd1 + M_Rd2 = 369.12 KN-m.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.914 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
4
BS8110-97-4
5
--------------------------------------------
==========================
*.PROJECT :


---------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P32 1608.40000
Bottom 2 440.000 3-P32 2412.60000
--------------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
===================================================
===================================================

-. alpha1 = 0.6700
6
BS8110-97-4
-. beta1 = 0.9000

-. bw / b = 0.667 > 0.4
-. As.prov = 2412.6000 mm^2.
----------------------------------------------------------------
======================================

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-st 220.000 301.50 795.96 1097.46 965.04 86.28
2-nd 110.000 0.00 596.97 596.97 965.04 61.86
3-rd 165.000 0.00 895.45 895.45 965.04 92.79
4-th 192.500 301.50 696.46 997.96 965.04 96.59
5-th 178.750 301.50 646.72 948.22 965.04 98.26
6-th 185.625 301.50 671.59 973.09 965.04 99.17
7-th 182.188 301.50 659.15 960.65 965.04 99.55
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-. a = beta1 * X = 163.9688 mm.
-. M_Rd1 = Ccf*(d-hf/2) = 110047.50 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd2 = Ccw*(d-a/2) = 235987.57 KN-mm.
-. M_Rd = M_Rd1 + M_Rd2 = 346035.07 KN-mm.

-. Rat_P = M/M_Rd = 0.975 < 1.000 ---> O.K.
7
8
BS8110-97-4
Result Reference( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )
Mu 347.98 kN m 346.04 kN m (99.4%) 369.12 kN m
Reference
9
BS8110-97-5
Title
Design of Shear Reinforcement for a Beam
Description
Shear reinforcement is to be designed for the one-span beam. The characteristic strength of
the mild steel links is f yv =250 N/mm2 .
Non-continuous beam-shear reinforcement
1
Theoretical Results(BS8110-97)
(a) Check maximum shear stress

Total load on span, F = wu span = 75.2 6.0
= 451 kN
At face of support
shear Vs = F / 2 wu support width/2
= 451/ 2 75.2 0.15 = 214 kN
V 214 103
shear stress, v = s =
bd 300 550
= 1.3 N/mm2 < 0.8 f cu
(b) Shear links
Distance d from face of support
shear , Vd = Vs wu d
= 214 75.2 0.55 = 173 kN
173 103
Shear Stress v = = 1.05 N/mm2
300 550
Only two 25 mm bars extend a distance d past the critical section. Therefore for
determining c
100 As 100 982
= = 0.59
bd 300 550
From table, 5.1. c =0.56 N/mm2
Asv b( c ) 300(1.05 0.56)
= = = 0.619
sv 0.95 f yv 0.95 250
Provide R10 links at 220 mm centers
Asv 2 78.5
= = 0.71 N/mm2/mm
sv 220
2
BS8110-5
Results by MIDAS/Gen
-----------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Beam Checking [ BS8110-97 ]
=====================================
*.DESIGN CODE : BS8110-97, *.UNIT SYSTEM : N, mm

Concrete Strength (fcu) = 30.000 N/mm^2.
Main Rebar Strength (fy) = 460.000 N/mm^2.
Stirrups Strength (fyv) = 250.000 N/mm^2.
Modulus of Elasticity (Es) = 200000.000 N/mm^2.
*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <I> :

Positive Bending Moment P-M =139496000.00 N-mm., LCB = 1
Negative Bending Moment N-M = 0.00 N-mm., LCB = 1
Shear Force V = 172960.00 N. , LCB = 1
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Top 1 50.000 2-P20 628.40000
Bottom 2 550.000 2-P25 981.80000
---------------------------------------------------------
Stirrups : P10
================================
[[[*]]] ANALYZE SHEAR CAPACITY.
================================
( ). Calculate shear strength of concrete.

-. V = 172960.000 N.
-. Bv = 300.000 mm.
-. V = V / (bv*d) = 1.0482 N/mm^2.
-. Gamma_m = 1.2500 (for stirrups).
-. As_bvd = MIN[ 100*As/(bv*d), 3 ] = 0.59503 (Area of tensile reinforcement).
-. 400_d = MAX[ 400/d, 1 ] = 1.00000 (by d unit is mm).
-. MagF = (fcu/25)^(1/3) = 1.063 (if 25 N/mm^2 < fcu < 40 N/mm^2).
-. Vc = MagF * 0.79*As_bvd^(1/3) * 400_d^(1/4) / Gamma_m=0.565N/mm^2.
3
( ). Calculate required shear reinforcement. ( Asv1 = 78.50000 mm^2. )

-. v_lim = MIN[ 0.8*SQRT(fcu), 5 ] = 4.382 N/mm^2.
-. Asv/s1 = bv*(v-vc) / (0.95*fyv) = 0.61056 mm^2/mm.
-. Calculate spacing s1 = 257.14038 mm.
-. Rhow = 0.00210 (by concrete and steel classes).
-. Smax1 = Asv / (bv*Rhow) = 249.20635 mm.
-. Smax2 = 0.75 * d = 412.50000 mm.
-. Applied spacing sv = MIN[ s1, Smax1, Smax2 ] = 249.20635 mm.
-. N_leg = 2
-. Asv = N_leg*Asv1 / sv = 0.63000 mm^2/mm.
Result Reference MIDAS/Gen

c 0.56 N/mm2 0.565 N/mm2 (100%)
Asv / sv 0.619 mm2/mm 0.611 mm2/mm (98.71%)
Reference
4
BS8110-97-6
Title
Design of a Slender Column
Description
A braced column of 300x450 cross-section resists at the ultimate limits state an axial load
of 1700kN and end moments of 70 kN m and 10kN m causing double curvature about the
minor axis XX as shown in figure. The columns effective heights are lex =6.75 m and ley =
8.0 m and the characteristic material strengths f cu = 30 N/mm2 and f y = 460 N/mm2.
Design example of slender column
1
Theoretical Results
Slenderness ratios are
lex h = 6.75 0.3 = 22.5 > 15
ley b = 8.0 0.45 = 17.8 > 15
Therefore the column is slender.
As the column is bent in double curvature

M 1 = 10 kN m
and M i = 0.4 M 1 + 0.6M 2
= 0.4 10 + 0.6 70 = 38 kN m
and M i is therefore greater than 0.4M 2
The additional moment induced by deflection of the column is

2
Nh le
M add = K
2000 b '
2
1700 300 6750
= 1.0 103
2000 300
= 129 kN m
with K=1.0 for the initial value.
2
BS8110-97-6
Results by MIDAS/Gen
----------------------------------------------------------------
MIDAS/Gen - RC-Column Design [ BS8110-97 ]
======================================
*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-COLUMN Analysis/Design Program.
*.PROJECT :
*.DESIGN CODE : BS8110-97, *.UNIT SYSTEM : KN, m
*.MEMBER : Member Type = COLUMN, MEMB =1, LCB = 1, POS = 1/2
*.DESCRIPTION OF COLUMN DATA (iSEC = 1) : C300X450

Section Type : Rectangular with Ties (RT)
Section Height (HTc) = 8.000 m.
Section Depth (Hc) = 0.450 m.
Section Width (Bc) = 0.300 m.
Concrete Cover to C.O.R. (do) = 0.064 m.
Concrete Strength (fcu) = 30000.000 KN/m^2.
Main Rebar Strength (fy) = 460000.000 KN/m^2.
Ties/Spirals Strength (fyv) = 250000.000 KN/m^2.
Modulus of Elasticity (Es) = 200000000.000 KN/m^2.
=================================================================
[[[*]]] CACULATE SLENDERNESS RATIOS, MAGNIFIED FORCES/MOMENTS.
=================================================================
( ). Forces/moments caused by unit load case. Unit : KN., m.

*.Load combination ID = 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Load Case N My Mz Vy Vz
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
LL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DL+LL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
WL or EL 1700.00 0.00 -30.00 10.00 0.00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DL+LL+WL(EL) 1700.00 0.00 -30.00 10.00 0.00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3
( ). Check slenderness ratios of braced/unbraced frame.

-. Slenderness ratio limits.
SRy(Unbraced) = 10.000
SRz(Unbraced) = 10.000
-. Dimensions of section.
Dy = 0.450 m.
Dz = 0.300 m.
-. Unbraced lengths.
Loy = 8.000 m.
Loz = 6.750 m.
-. Effective length factors.
Beta_y = 1.000
Beta_z = 1.000
-. SLENy = Beta_y*Loy / Dy = 17.778 > SRy ---> SLENDER.
-. SLENz = Beta_z*Loz / Dz = 22.500 > SRz ---> SLENDER.
( ). Calculate design moment about major axis (slender column/brace).

-. minimum moment by eccentricity.
Emin_y = MIN[ 0.05*Dy, 20 mm ] = 0.020 m.
My_e = N * Emin_y = 34.000 KN-m.
-. Additional moment by slenderness ratio.
bp_y = 0.450 m.
h_y = 0.450 m.
Beta_a = (1/2000)*(Beta_y*Loy/bp_y)^2 = 0.1580
Ky = 1.0000 (conservatively assumed value).
au_y = Beta_a * Ky * h_y = 0.071 m.
My_add = N * au_y = 120.889 KN-m.
-. Modified moment by position 1/2.
My_mod = My + My_add = 120.889 KN-m.
-. Applied design moment.
My_app = MAX[ My_e, My_mod, My ] = 120.889 KN-m.
---> My_app is applied for design.
( ). Calculate design moment about minor axis (slender column/brace).

-. minimum moment by eccentricity.
Emin_z = MIN[ 0.05*Dz, 20 mm ] = 0.015 m.
Mz_e = N * Emin_z = 25.500 KN-m.
-. Additional moment by slenderness ratio.
bp_z = 0.300 m.
h_z = 0.300 m.
Beta_a = (1/2000)*(Beta_z*Loz/bp_z)^2 = 0.2531
Kz = 1.0000 (conservatively assumed value).
au_z = Beta_a * Kz * h_z = 0.076 m.
Mz_add = N * au_z = 129.094 KN-m.
-. Modified moment by position if near mid-height.
4
BS8110-97-6
Mz_mod = Mz + Mz_add = 159.094 KN-m.

-. Applied design moment.
Mz_app = MAX[ Mz_e, Mz_mod, Mz ] = 159.094 KN-m.
---> Mz_app is applied for design.
( ). Design forces/moments of column(brace).

-. Axial Force (Compression) N = 1700.00 KN.
-. Combined Bending Moment M = 199.81 KN-m.
-. Bending Moment about Local-y My = 120.89 KN-m.
-. Bending Moment about Local-z Mz = 159.09 KN-m.
-. Shear Force of Local-y Vy = 10.00 KN.
-. Shear Force of Local-z Vz = 0.00 KN.
5
6
BS8110-97-6
Result Reference MIDAS/Gen
M add 129 kN m 129 kN m (100%)
Reference

BS8110 97

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BS8110-97-1

Analysis of a Doubly Reinforced Rectangular Section

Doubly reinforced section

Theoretical Result(BS8110-85, m = 1.15 )

For equilibrium of the tensile and compressive forces on the section:

= 0.45 30 280 193.3 (510 193.3 / 2) + 0.87 460 628.4(510 50)

Result by MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )

*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-BEAM Analysis/Design Program.

*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : 280X560

*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

( ). Compute design parameter (alpha1, beta1).

( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Rectangular-beam).

-. Rho.min = 0.001300 (by Table 3.25 Tension reinforcement (c)).

( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

Results by MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 )

*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : 280X560

*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

( ). Compute design parameter (alpha1, beta1).

( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Rectangular-beam).

-. As.min = Rho.min * (Bc*Hc) = 203.8400 mm^2.

( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

Result Reference ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )

Mu 417.75 kN m 415.82 kN m (99.5%) 447.97 kN m

W.H. Mosley, J.H. Bungcey. Reinforced Concrete Design, Example 4.4

Design of a Flanged Section -1

Design example of a T-section, s < h f

Theoretical Result(BS8110-85, m = 1.15 )

Result by MIDAS/Gen(BS8110-97, m = 1.05 )

*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-BEAM Analysis/Design Program.

*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : T-BEAM

*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

( ). Compute design parameter (alpha1, beta1).

( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Tee-beam).

( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

Results by MIDAS/Gen( m = 1.15 )

*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-BEAM Analysis/Design Program.

*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : T-BEAM

*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

-. Flanged beams, web in tension.

( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

Result Reference ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.15 ) MIDAS/Gen ( m = 1.05 )

Mu 231.46 kN m 229.98 kN m (99.4%) 251.29 kN m

W.H. Mosley, J.H. Bungcey. Reinforced Concrete Design, Example 4.5

Design of a Flanged Section -2

Design example, T-section with s > h f

Theoretical Result(BS811-85, m = 1.15 )

Results by MIDAS/Gen(BS8110-97, m = 1.05 )

*.MIDAS/Gen - RC-BEAM Analysis/Design Program.

*.DESCRIPTION OF BEAM DATA (iSEC = 1) : T-BEAM

*.FORCES AND MOMENTS AT CHECK POINT <M> :

( ). Compute design parameter (alpha1, beta1).

( ). Check area of tensile reinforcement (Tee-beam).

( ). Search for neutral axis...... Unit : KN., mm.

( ). Compute ultimate moment of resistance.

( ). Check ratio of positive moment resistance.

.DESIGN CODE : BS8110-97, .UNIT SYSTEM : N, mm