Q#1 A How would you categories the e-commerce

B2B (Business-to-Business)
Companies doing business with each other such as manufacturers selling to
distributors and wholesalers selling to retailers. Pricing is based on quantity of order
and is often negotiable.

B2C (Business-to-Consumer)
Businesses selling to the general public typically through catalogs utilizing shopping
cart software. By dollar volume, B2B takes the prize, however B2C is really what the
average Joe has in mind with regards to ecommerce as a whole.

Having a hard time finding a book? Need to purchase a custom, high-end computer
system? How about a first class, all-inclusive trip to a tropical island? With the
advent ecommerce, all three things can be purchased literally in minutes without
human interaction. Oh how far we've come!

C2B (Consumer-to-Business)
A consumer posts his project with a set budget online and within hours companies
review the consumer's requirements and bid on the project. The consumer reviews
the bids and selects the company that will complete the project. Elance empowers
consumers around the world by providing the meeting ground and platform for such
transactions.

C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer)
There are many sites offering free classifieds, auctions, and forums where individuals
can buy and sell thanks to online payment systems like PayPal where people can
send and receive money online with ease. eBay's auction service is a great example
of where person-to-person transactions take place everyday since 1995.

b. How the e-commerce effect the traditional market?

With the development of the times, many new things are springing up, such as e-
commerce. E-commerce is something new to the traditional business. As a matter of fact, e-
commerce is online commerce, which includes almost all the things in the real world, such
as retail shopping, banking, stocks and bonds trading and so on. Along with the advent of
the e-commerce, its impact is obvious, especially on the traditional companies.

Nowadays, many traditional companies have achieved great success with the help of e-
commerce, such as MH Industry Co., Ltd. Mh-chine.com is its website to carry out e-
commerce business. And many traditional companies want to have better development.
Here is my opinion on the impact on the traditional companies as follows.

It is well known that e-commerce has been popular on the market. From my point of view, it
definitely has its own advantages.

First, it can save labor costs. E-commerce is different from the traditional business in
employees. It does not need so many staffs, such as sales executive, sales managers,
accountants, web designers and so on. Quite the opposite, what e-commerce requires more
is technology. For instance, you can set an auto-responder to the feedbacks of the
customers, which can not only save labor but also promote efficiency. E-commerce may
help the traditional companies make a high profit.

Second, a tremendous buildup will be given through e-commerce. In the past, when we
produced a new product, we spent much time and money on a good advertisement to make
the product known to the customers. Sometimes, we needed to invite some stars to
endorse the product. Compared to the traditional ways, e-commerce can make the
customers all over the world know the product through the website easily. And through the
website, the customers can have a general knowledge about the product.

Third, it can increase sales channels. E-commerce creates a new distribution channel for
existing products. The customers needn't to go to the company to buy the product, while
they can do it at home. E-commerce allows online trading and online payment, which will
attract more and more potential customers. By this way, the traditional companies can
expand the local market to the global market. Of course, e-commerce has many other
advantages left for us.

Every medal has its reverse. So does e-commerce. It should be kept in mind that e-
commerce also has disadvantages. For this reason, there are some problems worth being
noticed.

First, as we know, e-commerce needs to rely on the Internet. So, it is necessary to be

familiar with the computers. Basic knowledge is needed. There is no substitute for good
preparation, if you want to have more people browse the website.

Second, e-commerce is full of high risk. Customers can't see the real product until they get
it through online shopping. All the transaction is carried out through the internet. With the
popularity of computers, more and more people choose to start a store online. Without
exception, there are some stores to cheat customers. So, in my opinion, honesty pays. High
reputation will definitely attract more customers. So, it is reasonable to foster a positive
corporate image. Third, the acceptance and familiarity of e-commerce for the traditional
companies will take some time. Enough patience is required.

c. How would you differentiate between the EDI/EFT?

Electronic Data Interchange and Electronic Funds Transfer

Electronic data interchange (EDI), or electronic data processing, is the electronic transmission of
data between computers in a standard, structured format. EDI allows companies to process
routine business transactions, such as orders and invoices, more rapidly, accurately, and
efficiently than they could through conventional methods of transmission.
Electronic funds transfer (EFT) is the term used for EDI that involves the transfer of funds between
financial institutions. Thus, EFTs are only one specific form of EDI, albeit the form most familiar to lay
users and bank customers. While EDI has been around for decades, it wasn't until the late 1990s that
this basic principle became a driving force in the rollout of electronic commerce, corporate extranets
linking suppliers and customers, and related network-based technologies. Advances in EDI, combined
with the rise and spread of the Internet, have led to wide use of EFTs at the same time that EDI has
almost completely taken over business-to-business data transfers.

d. Why companies use the business model to translate their own business?

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e. What is revenue model? Why companies use this model to attract their

customers?

A revenue model determines how a company makes money and how the company functions.

A well thought out model can mean the difference between success and failure.

Question no: 02:

a. Elaborate the difference between

1. Internet

a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities,

consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

2. Computer network

A computer network is a set of computersconnected together for the purpose of sharing

resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to the Internet. Other shared
resources can include a printer or a file server

3. www
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a network of online content that is formatted in HTML and
accessed via HTTP. The term refers to all the interlinked HTML pages that can be accessed
over the Internet. The World Wide Web was originally designed in 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee
while he was a contractor at CERN.

b. Explain the packet switched networks?

Packet-switched describes the type of network in which relatively small units of data
called packets are routed through a network based on the destination address contained within
each packet. Breaking communication down into packets allows the same data path to be
shared among many users in the network.

c. How the routing perform?

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d. What is TCP/IP? How the packet revolve by the TCP/IP?

tCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication language

or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private
network (either an intranet or an extranet).

e. What is Top-Level-Domain? Give 5 examples?

A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain
Name System of the Internet.

Question no: 03:

a. How the subscription models translate into advertising-supported model? Support

your answer with example?

The subscription business model is a businessmodel where a customer must pay

a subscriptionprice to have access to a product or service. Themodel was pioneered by
magazines and newspapers, but is now used by many businesses and websites.

An advertising-supported revenue model is a business approach that emphasizes the sale of advertising
as a major source of revenue. This structure is most prominent in traditional broadcast and print media,
as well as online media. Media businesses generally earn revenue from advertising,
 Magazines publishers have been making the most use of this revenue model for many years
now. They generate revenue through a paid subscription service that periodically delivers
magazines to viewers and through some advertising. This model uses a lot less advertising than
the advertising-supported revenue model.

b. Revenue Strategy Issues?

Channel conflict

Occurs whenever sales activities on a companys Website interfere with existing sales
outlets

Also called cannibalization

Channel cooperation

Giving customers access to the companys products through a coordinated presence in

all distribution channels

c. Why companies do strategic alliance?

Strategic alliance

When two or more companies join forces to undertake an activity over a long period of
time

d. Customer-Centric Web Site Design? Define the scenarios in which you will define the

mass media advertising, personal contacts, and their website?

Putting the customer at the center of all site designs

Guidelines

Design site around how visitors will navigate the links

Allow visitors to access information quickly

Avoid using inflated marketing statements

Guidelines
 Avoid using business conditions and terms that visitors might not understand

Be consistent in use of design features and colors

Make sure navigation controls are clearly labeled

Test text visibility on smaller monitors

Conduct usability tests

Personal contact model

Firms employees individually search for, qualify, and contact potential customers

Prospecting

Personal contact approach to identifying and reaching customers

Mass media approach

Firms prepare advertising and promotional materials about the firm and its products

Question no: 04:

a. What are blogs?

a regularly updated website or web page, typically one run by an individual or small group, that
is written in an informal or conversational style.

b. Describe the issues related to the m- commerce?

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c. What are web portals? Why companies need so?

A Web portal is most often a specially designed web site that brings information together from
diverse sources in a uniform way. Usually, each information source gets its dedicated area on the
page for displaying information (a portlet); often, the user can configure which ones to display.
Variants of portals include mashups and intranet "dashboards" for executives and managers. The
extent to which content is displayed in a "uniform way" may depend on the intended user and the
intended purpose, as well as the diversity of the content. Very often design emphasis is on a certain
"metaphor" for configuring and customizing the presentation of the content and the chosen
implementation framework and/or code libraries. In addition, the role of the user in an organization
may determine which content can be added to the portal or deleted from the portal configuration.
A portal may use a search engine API to permit users to search intranet as opposed
to extranet content by restricting which domains may be searched. Apart from this common search
engines feature, web portals may offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock quotes,
information from databases and even entertainment content. Portals provide a way for enterprises
and organizations to provide a consistent look and feel with access control and procedures for
multiple applications and databases, which otherwise would have been different web entities at
various URLs. The features available may be restricted by whether access is by an authorized and
authenticated user (employee,member) or an anonymous site visitor.
Examples of early public web portals
were AOL, Excite, Netvibes, iGoogle, MSN, Naver, Lycos, Prodigy, Indiatimes, Rediff, and Yahoo!.
See for example, the "My Yahoo!" feature of Yahoo! that may have inspired such features as the
later Google "iGoogle" (discontinued as of November 1, 2013.) The configurable side-panels of, for
example, the modern Opera browser and the option of "Speed Dial" pages by most browsers
continue to reflect the earlier "portal" metaphor.

d. If you have the web portal of your own company, what strategies you will use to

target the customers? And how will you accomplish the high stickiness and why

would you want so?