My Disneyland

Grammar Book

By: Ariana Chavez

 Chavez, Ariana

My Disneyland Grammar

Book

By: Ariana Chavez

Mr. Rodriguezs Class

Period 3

2016

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 Chavez, Ariana

Table of Contents
Introduction....pg. 2

About the Authorpg. 3

Section 1.pg.4-15

Section 2.pg.16-18

Section 3.pg.19-22

Section 4.pg. 23-29

Section 5.pg.30-33

Section 6.....pg.34-36

Section 7..pg.37-39

Section 8..pg.40-43

Section 9..pg.44-49

Glossary..pg.50

Quiz Keyspg.51

Work Cited..pg.52

Dedication...pg.53

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 Chavez, Ariana

Introduction

Are you confident with your grammar skills? Do you

believe your level of skills will earn you good grades on

your papers? To brush up on a certain concept that you

may have forgotten or never clearly understood, this book

is a great read. It goes in depth into the extravagant world

of Disneyland which includes grammar lessons. It

explains the rules of the English Language into further

detail with examples. This book is a guide to successful

papers and just a background of essential knowledge

needed for general dialect.

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 Chavez, Ariana

About the Author

Hi, my name is Ariana Chavez and this is the first book I

have written. Ive never had a passion for writing, since I

easily get frustrated with the complicated language.

English is my second language; I basically learned it when

I began pre-school. I never had a fondness of the subject

like I do math, until this year, my junior year in high school.

My junior year has been a tough one with many writing

assignments which I no longer find a bore like I used to.

Writing this book has made it simply easier to create

nimble sentences with a wider lexicon.

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Grammar Book Section 1

Parts of Speech
I. Nouns
A. Types of Nouns
1. Common Nouns-restaurants, characters, gift shops tourists
2. Proper Nouns-California Adventure, Disneyland, Main Street, Walt Disney,
Mickey Mouse
3. Compound Nouns-showtimes, fireworks, ticket-booths
4. Concrete Nouns-rides/roller-coasters, attractions, food
5. Abstract Nouns-happiness, excitement, imagination

B. Noun Identifiers
1. Noun Endings-happiness, emotion, optimism, gratitude, excitement,
luminance, coaster, memory, volunteer, adventurist, childhood,
magnificence, future, creativity
2. Following a Noun Marker
NM N ADJ
(Basic)-The modern ferris wheel is colorful.
NM ADM N ADJ
(Advanced)-The spectacular colored ferris wheel is circularly shaped.
3. Plural Form-characters, visitors, tourists, lines
4. Possessive Form-characters costume, visitors tickets, tourists camera
5. Preposition
NM N ADV V PREP ADJ N
The tourists quickly ran across the park to the neon lights parade.

C. Functions
1. Subject
S V N
(Basic)-Mickey Mouse smiled to the crowd.
S V V N PREP
(Advanced)-Mickey Mouse smiled and enjoyed taking pictures with the
N
kids.
2. Direct Object
N V DO
(Basic)-Winnie the Pooh eats lots of honey.
N V ADJ DO DO
(Advanced)-Winnie the Pooh eats delicious honey out of the jar.

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3. Indirect Object
S V DO IO
(Basic)-Erik gave Ariel a simple fork.
S V DO ADJ IO PN
(Advanced)-Erik handed Ariel an inventive fork which she used to
V PN N
disentangle her hair.
4. Adverbial Object
S V N AO
(Basic)-Cinderella ran out of the palace at midnight.
S V PREP ADJ N ADJ
(Advanced)-Cinderella ran away from the enchanted ball and her beloved
N AO
prince at midnight.
5. Object of the Preposition
S V PREP O PREP
(Basic)-Lightning McQueen cruised alongside of Mater.
S V PREP O PREP
(Advanced) Lightning McQueen journeyed alongside of Mater while
V N
preparing for the Piston Cup Race.
6. Subject Compliment
S LV SC ADJ N
(Basic)-Belle is the daughter of the whacky inventor.
ADJ S LV SC ADJ N
(Advanced)-Ravishing Belle is the daughter of the zany innovator.
7. Object Complement
S V DO DC PN N
(Basic)-Andy selected Woody as the favorite amongst his toys.
S V DO OC
(Advanced)-Mike Wazowski named Boo winner of the Cheerios.
8. Appositives
S APP V S
(Basic)-Aladdin, the thief, stole from fruit stands.
S APP V N
(Advanced)-John Smith, the settler, married Pocahontas.
9. Adjectival
ADJ S V ADV ADJVL
(Basic)-The excited tourists walked happily to the electrifying Space
Mountain.

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S N V ADJVL
(Advanced)-The monsters at Monster Inc. scare the innocent children to
V N
create energy.
10. Noun in Direct Address
N ADJ PRN V ADJ N
(Basic)-Chef Louis, where did you learn to cook such delicious food?
V PRN N N
(Advanced)-Have we rode the Haunted Mansion ride, Nicholas, or was
ADV PRN N
that on our last visit?
11. Object of the Gerund
G OG N ADJ
(Basic)-Skipping along the sidewalk on Main Street, makes for a great
N
picture.
G ADJ OG N V V PRN
(Advanced)-Winning the salty peanuts, Dumbo ate and satisfied his
N
hunger.
12. Object of the Participle
PART OPART N V
(Basic)-After the racing tournament, Lightning MacQueen was greeted by
PRN N
his friends.
N N V PART
(Advanced)-Dinoco and Lightning MacQueen teamed up for the racing
OPART
tournament.
13. Object of the Infinitive
ADV V INF ADJ OINF
(Basic)-Ursula obviously wanted to keep Ariels beautiful voice.
N V INF V OINF
(Advanced)-Snow White wanted to clean and organize the Dwarves
house.
II. Pronouns
1. Personal
PRN V PRN V N N PRN N
(Basic)-She gave us an incredible tour on the Jungle Cruise ride on her boat.

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PRN V N PRN PREP N V PRN

(Advanced)-He took a picture of us in front of Sleeping Beautys Castle using my
ADJ N
pragmatic phone.
2. Relative
PRN V PRN N PRN ADJ N
(Basic)-Who can give me directions to that colossal souvenir shop?
PRN N V ADJ PRN V PRN
(Advanced)-Those tickets are too expensive; who can afford them?
3. Interrogative
PRN N V N ADJ N
(Basic)-What did Dot give Flik at the end of the movie?
PRN V PRN N N N
(Advanced)-Whoever stood up to those grasshoppers like Flik, the ant, must be
V
dauntless.
4. Reflexive
N V N V PRN ADJ N
(Basic)-The tourist waited in line to get herself a delectable churro.
V ADJ N PRN N
(Advanced)-They wanted a secluded boat all to themselves on Its a Small World.
5. Demonstrative
V PRN PRN N ADV ADJ
(Basic)-I cant believe this, why are these lines ridiculously long?
PRN N V V PRN ADJ N
(Advanced)-Those kids are dressed up like that kooky character?
6. Indefinite
PRN N N PRN V
(Basic)-Both Michael and John Darling did not know anyone could fly.
PRN N V ADJ PRN V N
(Advanced)-Many of the Lost Boys were very young so they all followed Peter
Pan.

III. Verbs

A. How Verbs are Identified

1. Verb Endings
-He dreams, He walks, He imagines
-He dreamt, He walked, He imagined
-Hes dreaming, Hes walking, Hes imagining
2. Tense

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-Simple past- dreamt, walked, imagine

-Past- dreamt, walked, imagined

-Past Perfect- had dreamt, had walked, had imagined

-Past Progressive- were dreaming, were walking, were imagining
-Simple Progressive- we dream, we walk, we imagine
-Present- we dream, we walk, we imagine
-Present Perfect- we have dreamt, we have walked, we have imagined
-Present Progressive- we have been dreaming, we have been walking,
we have been imagining
-Future- I will dream, I will walk, I will imagine
-Future Perfect- I will have dreamt, I will have walked, I will have imagined
3. Forms
a. Forms of to be- I am dreaming, I was walking, We were imagining
b. Forms of to do- I did dream, They do walk, He does imagine
c. Forms of to have- I have dreamt, He does walk, They do imagine
4. Types
a. Auxiliary verbs (helping verbs)- have, would, can, be, being
b. Linking verbs- is, am, was, being, were, been, was
c. Lexical verbs- we walked, we ran
d. Dynamic verbs (indicate action)- play, throw, write, work, help, call, drink,
listen
e. Stative verbs (describe a condition)- like, know, belong, hate, hear, wish,
forgive
f. Finitive verbs (indicate tense)- had, walked, jumped, went, lived, laughed
g. Nonfinitive verbs (infinitive or participle)- to walk, to pray, to look, to do, to
listen
h. Regular verbs (weak verbs)- stare, hold, turn, hang, move
i. Irregular verbs (strong verbs)- being, built, drove, cleaned, hit, have
j. Transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object)- bring, lose, buy, fall,
pay, tell, arrive, land
5. Voice
a. Active-They ran to see the parade.
b. Passive-Mickey was waving to the audience during the parade.
6. Verbals (verb forms not used as verbs)
a. Gerund-word ending in ing used as a noun
-I enjoy visiting Disneyland during the week.
-We walked past the crowded line for the Matterhorn.

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b. Participle-word ending in ing or ed used as an adjective

-The man selling popcorn is employed by Disneyland.
c. Infinitive-verb preceded by the word to used as nouns, adjectives or
adverbs
-Goofy likes to play with Pluto.
-Daisy like to plant flowers in her garden.

IV. Adjectives-modify, describe, limit and identify nouns and pronouns.

1. Kinds
a. Demonstrative- adjectives that point out the words neglected in a sentence or
emphasize the importance
this rollercoaster
that souvenir
those tour guides
b. Common- an adjective that is normally used to describe
black ears
crowded area
delicious Dole Whip
c. Proper- an adjective, capitalized, proper noun
Hawaiian tiki room
New Orleans gumbo
Matterhorn Mountain
2. Endings
a. ful bashful
b. ive expensive
c. less breathless
d. ous dangerous
e. er brighter
f. able imaginable
g. ish childish
h. ing exciting
i. ic classic
j. y Sneezy
3. Conversions- convert part or speeches to adjectives
classic --- classical
ride --- riding
pay --- paying
4. Articles- is a word that combines with a noun
They describe the nouns they precede.

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There are only three: the, a, and an.

a. use a before nouns or adjectives that start with a constant sound
ex. a firework
b. use an before nouns or adjectives that start with a vowel sound
an Ariel ride
c. use the in front of a singular or plural nouns or adjectives
the candy apple
5. Comparatives/ Superlatives:
a. A comparative adjective is used to compare two things.
Space Mountain is faster than the boat ride.
Doc is wiser than Dopey.
Im taller than Tinker Bell.
b. Superlative is used to compare three or more things.
Space Mountain is the fastest ride in the park.
Doc is the wisest of them all.
Silvermist is the tallest fairy.

V. Adverbs-modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

A. Endings:
1. ly happily
-- magically
-- carefully
2. wards upwards
-- downwards
-- inwards
3. wise clockwise
-- likewise
-- otherwise
B. Conversations
1. happy happily
2. up upwards
3. clock clockwise
C. Types

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1. Manner-how something is done, or happens.

N V ADV
(Basic)-The kids jumped excitedly.
ADJ ADJ N ADV V N
(Advanced)-The young joyful kids excitedly pranced toward the parade.

2. Time-when something is done or happens.

ADV PRN V N
(Basic)-Yesterday we went to Disneyland.
ADV PRN ADJ N N
(Advanced)-Yesterday we had a fantastic time at the Happiest Place on
Earth.
3. Place-tells us where something is done.
N ADV V N PREP N
(Basic)-Winnie the Pooh willingly placed the jar under the table.
N ADV V N ADJ N PREP
(Advanced)-Winnie the Pooh willingly placed the jar of succulent honey under
N PREP N
the table away from the bees.
4. Degree-tells us the level or extent something is done.
N V ADV ADJ
(Basic)-The dwarfs were very hungry.
N V V ADV ADJ ADJ N
(Advanced)-Snow White had to feed the very hungry and fussy dwarfs.
5. Frequency-adverb of frequency tells us how often something is done.
PRN ADV V N ADV N
(Basic)-We usually visit the park during the holidays.
PRN ADV V ADJ ADJ N ADV N
(Advanced)-We usually visit two to three times during the Christmas and
ADJ N
winter season.

VI. Conjunctions-a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words

in the same clause.
A. Coordinating (FANBOYS)-join or coordinate two or more items of equal syntactic
importance (for, and , nor, but, or, yet, so).
PRN V N CONJ N CONJ N CONJ
(Basic)-We went to Disneyland for the rides and the firework show, but it got
V ADJ N
cancelled due to the rain.
PRN V ADJ N N CONJ ADJ N

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(Advanced)-We went on a spontaneous trip to Disneyland for the amusing rides

CONJ V ADJ N CONJ V ADJ N
and to watch the extravagant firework show, but it got cancelled due to the rain.
B. Correlative-works in pairs to join words and groups of words in a sentence
(either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also, both/and, whether/or, as/so).
CONJ N ADJ CONJ ADJ
(Basic)-Not only is Goofy quirky, but also silly.
CONJ N ADJ N CONJ ADJ N
(Advanced)-Not only is Goofy a quirky dog, but also a cunning jokester.
C. Subordinate-join an independent clause and also introduce adverb clauses
(after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that,
provided that, since, so that, so, that, thought, till, unless, when, were, whereas,
while).
CONJ N V PRN V CONJ V N
(Basic)-After Star Wars Land is built, we will visit while we have a pass.

(Advanced)- After Star Wars land opens, I will dress as the villainous Darth
Vader.
D. Relative Pronouns-who (refers to people) which (refers to non-living objects or
animals) that (may refer to animals or non-living objects).
(Basic)-The gift shop that is on Main Street has several hats, which are my
favorite.
(Advanced)-The mini souvenir shop that is on Main Street has a plethora of hats
which are my favorite.
VII. Prepositions-link nouns, pronouns and phrases to other parts of the sentence.
They are never followed by verbs (above, across, about, beneath, including,
versus, with, within).
1. As we came across Ariel in the parade, we stood behind the rope for her
autograph.
2. Besides the crowds around Frontier Land, there is no line going into Tarzans
house.
3. Despite the muggy weather during the peak hours, I went from water bottle to
water bottle to quench my thirst.
VIII. Interjections-part of speech that shows the emotion or feeling of the author (Ahem,
Aah, Boo, Eh, Eww, Hmm, Jeez, Ooh-la-la, Oops, Phew, Whoa, Yeah, Yoo-hoo,
Zing).
INTJ ADJ N V PRN INTJ PRN V N
1. Aah, the evil witch scared us, phew, we got away just in time!
INTJ ADV N ADJ INTJ V
2. Whoa, that water show was amazing, yeah, Id watch it again!

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INTJ ADJ V INTJ

3. Hmm, why is it so expensive to get in, jeez!
Key associated terms to know for parts of speech:
a. Antecedents-an expression that gives its meaning to a pro-form.
V N V PRN V ADJ N
When you see Winnie the Pooh, tell him I want some honey.
b. Complements-follows a linking verb and modifies or refers to the subject.
N V M
Mickey is a mouse.
c. Objects
1. Direct-a noun phrase denoting a person or thing that is a recipient of the
action of a transitive verb.
N N V N
Mickey and Goofy play catch with Pluto.
2. Indirect-a noun phrase referring to someone or something that is affected
by the action of the transitive verb, but is not the primary object.
N V N N V PRN N
Minnie gave Daisy flowers to plant in her garden.
d. Modifiers-a word especially an adjective or noun that restricts or acts to the
sense of a head noun.
N V ADJ N
Dumbo has large ears.
e. Transitions-words or phrases that provide a connection between ideas,
sentences and paragraphs.
Transition words used to
To show location Above, across, around, below, beside, down
inside, here, outside
To show time After, before, during, first, second, third,
tomorrow, yesterday, later, finally, next
Used to compare two things Likewise, like, also, as, while, similarly, in the
same way
Used to contrast two things But, however, still, although, otherwise, even
though
Used to emphasize a point In fact, especially, again, for this reason
To conclude or summarize Finally, lastly, as a result, therefore
Used to clarify That is, for instance, in other words

f. Expletives-a word or phrase used to fill a sentence without adding to the

sense.
EXPL PRN V ADJ N N
Darn, we missed the final Aladdin show at 5:30 p.m.
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g. Agreements
1. Subject-Verb: when two or more singular nouns or pronouns are connected
by a singular verb.
ADJ N V ADJ N
Fast passes are available at the kiosk.
2. Noun-Pronoun: purpose of pronoun is to take the place or to refer back to a
noun in a sentence.
N V N PRN V V
When Snow White bit the apple, she went to sleep.

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Quiz #1
1. What is the subject of this sentence?
Tinker Bell flew to Neverland after giving pixie dust to the Darling children.
a. Neverland c. Darling children
b. Tinker Bell

2. True or False: There are six types of pronouns.

3. What verb tense is the following verb?

I will have imagined
a. Future perfect c. Past perfect
b. Present progressive

4. Which of the following is an interjection?

a. Thump c. Oops
b. Pause

5. Which is not a demonstrative adjective?

a. That c. Those
b. There

6. Which of these is the correct superlative adjective?

a. This, those, them c. Big, bigger, biggest
b. Small, tiny, little

7. In the following sentence, which is the direct object?

Snow White bit the apple.
a. Apple c. Snow White
b. Bit

8. Which of these transitions is used to show time?

a. Finally b. First c. Above

9. True or False: An antecedent is a phrase that follows a linking verb.

10. How many adjectives are in this sentence?

The excited boy with the yellow hat wanted to take a memorable picture with the
famous Mickey Mouse.
a. 2 b.3 c. 4

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Grammar Book Section 2

Phrases
- group of words that function as a part of speech

A. Prepositional- group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a
noun or pronoun.
N N PRN V V N N
(Basic) Despite the crowds, we managed to get to the parade on time.
N ADJ N PRN V V
(Advanced) Despite the hustling crowds, we managed to get to the
ADJ N N
fascinating procession on time.

B. Appositive- group of words that include all the words or phrases that
modify an appositive.
N ADJ N V N
(Basic) Donald, the funny duck, was in a show.
N ADJ N V ADJ N
(Advanced) Donald, the boisterous duck, was playing deceiving jokes on
N
people.

C. Verbal- are verbals and any of the verb forms, modifiers, object or
complements.
1. Gerund-will be ing with a gerund, an ing word and will include other
modifiers or objects.
V N N PRN V
(Basic) Racing to the front of the line, we were able to get on the
N
ride.
V N ADJ N PRN V
(Advanced) Dashing to the front of the extensive line, we managed
V N ADV V
to ride Splash Mountain before closing.
2. Participle-consists of participle and modifier, object and/or
complement.
ADJ V N PRN V N V
(Basic) Excited to meet Jack Skellington, we stood in line to get a
N
picture.
ADJ V ADJ N PRN
(Advanced) Excited to meet the infamous Jack Skellington, we
V ADJ ADJ N N
waited patiently in the lengthy line for his autograph.
3. Infinitive-is the infinitive form of a verb plus any complements and
modifiers.

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PRN V N N PREP N
(Basic) They might open Star Wars land by 2018.
N
(Advanced) Disney might open the popular Star Wars land to the
N PREP N
public by the year 2018.

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Quiz #2
Match each phrase with the appropriate example.

1. Prepositional phrase ______ A. Despite of the crowds, we managed

to get to the parade.

2. Verbal Gerund phrase ______ B. Donald, the hilarious duck, was in a show.

3. Appositive phrase_____ C. Racing to the front of the line, we

managed to get on Splash Mountain before

closing.

4. True or False: Phrases are groups of words that function only as verbs.

5. Which verbal phrase has words ending in ing or ed used as an adjective?

a. Participle c. Appositive
b. Future tense

6. Fill in the blank: Verbal, _________________, and appositive are the types of
phrases.
7. True or False: An appositive phrase can be considered a gerund.

8. Draw Mickey ears around the infinitive phrase:

Tinker Bell was going to sprinkle pixie dust on the Lost Boys.

9. All of the following are verbal phrases except:

a. Participle c. Gerund
b. None of the Above d. Infinitive

10. Underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentence:

Snow White ran through the forest and came across a tiny charming cottage.

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Clauses-group of words with a subject and a verb

A. Independent- can stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a

simple sentence pattern.
N V N
(Basic) Disneyland was closed yesterday.
N V ADV V ADJ
(Advanced) Disneyland was closed immediately following the tormenting
N N
weather storm yesterday.

B. Subordinate (Dependent)- cannot stand alone as a complete sentence

and must begin with a subordinate conjunction.
1. Noun Clause-used as the noun in a sentence and may function as
a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a
preposition, an indirect object or an appositive.
PRN ADV V V CONJ N V
(Basic) We really dont know what happens when the park closes.
PRN ADV V ADV V CONJ
(Advanced) We really dont know what actually happens when the
N V ADJ N V N
lights go out and the entertainment park closes at midnight.

2. Adjective Clause-used to modify a noun in an independent clause.

ADV V N N ADV V ADV

(Basic) There is the Elsa costume that I needed the most.
ADV V ADJ N N ADV ADV
(Advanced) There is the immaculate Elsa outfit that I actually
V ADV PRN ADJ N N
needed the most as my enchanting Halloween costume.

3. Adverb Clause-used to modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs in an

independent clause introduced by a subordinating conjunction and
used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition
and/or concession.

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PRN V N CONJ PRN V ADJ

(Basic) We left Disneyland because we were tired.
PRN V ADJ N CONJ PRN
(Advanced) We left exhausted from Disneyland because we
V ADV V
were immensely tired.

4. Relative Clauses-dependent clause that begins with a relative

pronoun.
N N ADV ADJ ADV V PRN
(Basic) The Winnie the Pooh ride, that was closed down, was my
N
favorite.
ADJ N N ADV V ADV
(Advanced) The adorable Winnie the Pooh ride, that was recently
ADJ ADV V PRN ADJ N N
closed down, was my favorite ride of all time.

5. Elliptical Clauses-adverb clauses in which part of the clause is

omitted.
CONJ V N PRN N N PREP N
(Basic) When riding, keep your hands and feet inside the buggy at
ADJ N
all times.
CONJ V V V PRN ADJ
(Advanced) When riding, remember to keep your mad as a hatter
N ADJ N PREP ADJ N ADJ
hands and tweedle dee legs inside the caterpillar buggy at all
N
times.

6. Essential Clauses-clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence.

N ADV V N V PRN ADJ
(Basic) The Nemo ride that goes underwater makes me nervous.
N N ADV V N
(Advanced) The submarine Nemo ride that submerges underwater
V PRN V ADJ ADJ
makes me feel nervous and claustrophobic.

7. Nonessential Clauses-clauses that are not necessary to the meaning

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of the sentence.
N N ADJ V N V
(Basic) The Little Mermaids collection, which included a fork, was
V N
destroyed by King Triton.
N ADJ N ADJ
(Advanced) The Little Mermaids interesting collection, which
V ADJ N V ADJ
included a dingle hopper fork, was destroyed by the displeased
N
King Triton.

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Quiz #3

1. A subordinate clause can also be called...

a. Dependent clause c. Independent clause
b. none of the above d. Conjunction

2. Which is not a subordinate clause?

a. Noun c. Relative
b. Nonessential d. Independent
3. True or False: An adjective clause is used to modify an essential clause.
4. Fill in the blank:
A _____________ clauses can stand alone as a complete sentence.
5. Underline the elliptical clause in the following sentence:

When riding, please keep your hands and feet inside the buggy at all times.

6. An independent clause is also known as the following:

a. Complex sentence pattern c. Two part sentence pattern

b. Simple sentence pattern d. Difficult sentence pattern

7. True or False: An essential clause is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence.

8. Which of the following is used to indicate an adverb clause?

a. Time c. Condition

b. Place d. All of the above

9. Draw Minnie ears around the nonessential clause in the following sentence:
The little mermaids rare collection, which included a fork, was destroyed by the
king.
10. An adjective clause can begin with a

a. Relative pronoun c. both a and b

b. Introductory word d. adjective

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Sentences
A. Sentence Parts
I. Subject:
1. Complete-a complete subject and all the modifiers that might describe
the subject.
N V ADJ
(Basic)- Snow White cleaned the cottage.
N V V ADJ
(Advanced)- Snow White organized and edulcorated the minuscule
N ADJ N
cottage for the messy dwarfs.
2. Simple-a subject that has just one noun as the focus of the sentence.
N V N
(Basic)- Pinocchio was a puppet.
N V ADJ N V ADJ
(Advanced)- Pinocchio was a wooden marionette who turned into a real
N
boy.
3. Compound-a sentence with two or more subjects.
N N V ADJ N
(Basic)- Olaf and Anna became best friends.
N N V ADJ N V PRN
(Advanced)- Olaf and Anna became devoted friends after their
ADJ N V N
extensive expedition to save the Snow Queen.
II. Predicate
1. Complete- a verb or verb phrase and all the words that give more
information about it.
N V N
(Basic)- Mr. Fredrickson was flying his house.
N V ADJ N
(Advanced)- Mr. Fredrickson was flying his antique dwelling to the
ADJ N
phenomenal Niagara Falls.

2. Simple- the main verb in the predicate that tell what the subject does.
N V
(Basic)- The children have been laughing.
ADJ N V
(Advanced)- The adolescent children have been laughing at the
N ADJ N
dumbbell Donald Duck for twenty minutes.
3. Compound- two actions for the same subject.
N V N V N N
(Basic)- Goofy was telling jokes and playing tricks on Pluto.

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 Chavez, Ariana

ADJ N V ADJ N V
(Advanced)- Mischievous Goofy was telling comical puns and playing
ADJ N N
deceiving tricks on Pluto.

B. Sentence Types
I. Declarative- makes a statement or declares something
PRN V ADJ N N
(Basic)- We have season passes to Disneyland.
PRN V N ADJ N N
(Advanced)- We have the premium season pass to the Happiest Place on
Earth.
II. Interrogative- asks a question
V N N ADJ N
(Basic)- Are Elsa and Anna related to Rapunzel?
V N N N ADJ ADJ
(Advanced)- Are the Arendelle sisters, Elsa and Anna, akin to the legendary
N
Rapunzel?
III. Imperative- gives a direct command.
V PREP N V PRN N
(Basic)- Go to the nearest shop and buy me a water bottle.
V ADJ N V PRN ADV
(Advanced)- Go to the adjacent gift shop and purchase me a refreshingly
ADJ N
cool beverage.
IV. Exclamatory- makes a statement conveying emotion or excitement.
V N V
(Basic)- Look, Tinkerbell is flying!
V N N V PREP N
(Advanced)- Look, Tinkerbell, the fairy, is soaring over the Magic Castle!
C. Sentence Errors
I. Fragment- groups of words with an independent clause but not a complete
sentence.
ADV N V
(Error)- After the rain stops.
ADV N V PRN V N V PRN N
(Fixed)- After the rain stops we can return to Tomorrowland to resume our day
V N
riding Autotopia.
II. Run On/Rambling-two or more independent clauses are joined without an
appropriate punctuation.
(Error)- My favorite ride is Space Mountain it is very fast.
PRN V N N CONJ ADJ V
(Fixed)- My preferred ride is Space Mountain because it is very fast.
III. Fused Sentence-two independent clauses are fused together without an

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 Chavez, Ariana

appropriate punctuation mark or conjunction between them.

PRN V ADV N N N PRN V V
(Error)- It was almost Aladdin and Jasmine's wedding he told her he was a
N
thief.
ADV PRN V ADV N N N PRN V
(Fixed)- Since it was almost Aladdin and Jasmine's wedding, he had to tell
PRN N
her the truth.
IV. Misplaced Modifier-a word, phrase, or clause that is improperly
separated from the word it modifies.
PRN ADV V N N
(Error)- We nearly played all the games on the boardwalk.
PRN V ADV N N
(Fixed)- We played nearly all the games on the boardwalk.
V. Comma Splice-the use of a comma to join two independent clauses
PRN V N N N V N
(Error)- I read the novel The Snow Queen, my mom saw the Frozen
N
movie.
PRN V N N CONJ N V N
(Fixed)- I read the novel The Snow Queen, but my mom saw the Frozen
N
movie.
VI. Double Negative-two negative words used in the same sentence.
V N N N ADV
(Error)- Killing Pocahontas and John Smith wont do the chief no good.
V N N V N ADV
(Fixed)- Killing Pocahontas and John Smith would do the chief no
CONJ V V N
good because it would start a war.
D. Sentence Patterns
I. Simple-a sentence that is just one independent clause.
N N V ADJ N
(Basic)- Woody and Buzz Lightyear became close friends.
N N ADV V
(Advanced)- Woody and Buzz Lightyear eventually became
ADJ N PREP N V ADJ N
absolute companions after Buzz changed his arrogant attitude.
II. Complex-a sentence with one independent clause and at least one
dependent clause.
PN ADJ N ADV V
(Basic)- Because she is so small, Tinker Bell is sometimes hard to see.
PN ADJ N N ADV ADJ
(Advanced)- Because of her petite size, Tinker Bell is sometimes difficult to
V N

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 Chavez, Ariana

spot in a crowd.
III. Compound-a sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent
clauses.
N V ADJ ADJ V N
(Basic)- The cars were competitive and all wanted the Piston Cup.
N N ADJ PRN
(Advanced)-The animosity between the cars was obvious in their
N V N
competitiveness and desire for the Piston Cup.
IV. Complex/Compound- a sentence with multiple independent clauses and at
least one dependent clause.
N PRN V ADJ N N ADJ N
(Basic)- Pinocchio, who is a wooden puppet, dreamed of being a real boy
V N
but instead turned into a donkey.
N PRN V ADJ ADJ N V
(Advanced)- Pinocchio, who is a cordial wooden puppet, imagined being a
ADJ N PRN V ADJ N
real boy but he turned into a banal donkey.
V. Loose Sentence- a sentence that contains an independent clause plus a
subordinate conjunction.
N V N ADJ N ADJ
(Basic)- Snow White found a cottage, in the middle of the forest, with tiny
N ADJ N
beds and seven dwarfs.
N V ADJ N ADJ
(Advanced)- Snow White found a secluded cottage, in the middle of the
N ADJ N ADJ N
woods with tiny cots and amiable dwarfs.
VI. Periodic Sentence- a sentence in which the independent clause is given at
the end of a sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense.
N V N N V V PRN
(Basic)- Since Aurora was under a spell, a prince came and saved her.
N V PREP N ADJ
(Advanced)- Since Sleeping Beauty was under a malediction, a convivial
N V V PRN
prince came and rescued her.
VII. Balanced Sentence-a sentence where phrases or clauses parallel each other
by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning or length.
N N V ADJ N PRN V
(Basic)- Dumbo the elephant had big ears, everyone made fun of them.
N N V ADJ N ADJ N
(Advanced)- Dumbo the elephant had enormous ears, the cantankerous circus
N V
crowd made fun of them.
VIII. Parallel Structure-a sentence using the same pattern of words to show that

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 Chavez, Ariana

two or more words or ideas are of equal importance.

N PN N ADJ N PRN N
(Basic)-Disneyland is my grandmothers favorite theme park, my mothers
ADJ N PN ADJ ADJ
favorite theme park and my favorite as well.
N ADJ N ADJ N
(Advanced)-Disneyland is my altruistic grandmothers cherished pastime, my
N ADJ N ADJ N
mothers cherished pastime and my cherished pastime as well.
IX. Chiasmus-a sentence that includes a repetition of ideas in inverted order.
N V N N V N
(Basic)-Disney created movies, movies created Disney.
N V ADJ N ADJ N
(Advanced)-Disney produced remarkable movies, remarkable movies
V N
produced Disney.
X. Asyndeton-a sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases or
clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
N V ADJ ADJ ADJ
(Basic)-Peter Pan is young, brave, daring.
N V ADJ ADJ ADJ
(Advanced)-Peter Pan is youthful, adventurous, audacious.
XI. Polysyndeton-a sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to
each other between words, phrases or clauses for a rhetorical purpose.
N V PRN N PREP N V
(Basic)-Belle searched for her father, and came across a castle, and met the
N
Beast.
N V N PRN ADJ N V
(Advanced)-Belle was on a quest for her esteemed father, and discovered a
N V ADV N
castle and met an atrociously looking Beast.
XII. Anaphora-a sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words
or a phrase at the beginning of several successful clauses in order to place
emphasis and draw attention.
N V PREP N N V PREP N N V PREP
(Basic)-Alice runs into a rabbit, Alice runs into a cat, Alice runs into the Mad
N
Hatter.
N V PREP ADJ N N V PREP ADJ N
(Advanced)-Alice runs across an agile rabbit, Alice runs across a cunning cat,
N V PREP ADJ N
Alice runs across the eccentric Mad Hatter.
XIII. Epistrophe-a sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the
same word or words.
N V ADJ N V ADJ N V ADJ

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 Chavez, Ariana

(Basic)-Ursula is wicked, Jafar is wicked, Maleficent is wicked.

N V ADJ N V ADJ N V ADJ
(Advanced)-Ursula is villainous, Jafar is villainous, Maleficent is villainous.

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 Chavez, Ariana

Quiz #4

1. The following sentence is an example of?

Peter Pan is young, brave, courageous.
a. Asyndeton c. Epistrophe
b. Polysyndeton d. Chiasmus

2. True or False: The following sentence is an example of a double negative sentence.

Killing Pocahontas and John Smith wont do the chef no good.

3. Does an interrogative end with an exclamation or a question mark in the following

sentence?
Are Elsa and Anna related to Rapunzel __

4. Underline the complete predicate verb phrase or verb in the following.

Mr. Fredrickson was flying his antique house to Niagara Falls.

5. Underline the two actions in this sentence that create a compound predicate?
Naughty Goofy was telling hilarious jokes and playing tricks on clueless
Pluto.

6. Which type of sentence makes a statement conveying emotion or excitement?

a. Periodic Sentence c. Complex
b. Exclamatory d. Declarative

7. Which conjunction would best fix this run-on sentence if the author likes fast rides.
My favorite ride is Space Mountain it is very fast.
a. and c. because
b. but d. or

8. True or False: This chiasmas sentence can be written either way.

Disney produced remarkable movies, remarkable movies produced Disney.

9. How would you fuse this sentence?

It was almost Aladdin and Jasmines wedding he told her he was a thief.

10. Which is the correct complete subject of the sentence?

Snow White cleaned the cottage.
a. Snow White b. cottage

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 Chavez, Ariana

Paragraphs
1. Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions)- it is supposed to tell why the topic is
important, tell the reader what the essay will be about and about 4 sentences
a. Hook/Lead: it works to get the readers attention
i. Anecdotal- (brief story to set the mood and intro the topic)
ex. When Mr. Fredricksen loss his wife in the beginning of the movie,
he turned bitter because that was the last person he cared about in his
ordinary life. He had been living a routine lifestyle after the death of Ellie
with absolutely no risk-taking, and waiting for his final days. A
Wilderness Explorer brings spirit back to Fredricksens life when he
inspires his to embark on a quest to the great Niagara Falls.
ii. Query Based- (question that brings the reader to the topic)
ex. Do we really understand death, even though its a part of life its
hard
for us to accept it just like when Mr. Fredricksen loss his dearly
beloved wife?
b. Thesis Statement:(the purpose of a piece of writing - usually one sentence
in length - and something that is arguable)
i. Assertion- (claim)
ex. We face many obstacles in life and it sometimes overpowers our
feelings and emotions.
ii. Fact- (empirically verifiable)
ex. Death is difficult to accept.
iii. Opinion- (personal position on a topic)
ex. Death can be a tragically horrifying experience.
iv. Belief- (social, religious,or political in nature- an opinion held by many to
be a fact, though it is not necessarily)
ex. We should not necessarily be afraid of death, because there is an
afterlife.
v. Generalization- (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every,
never, none, most, half - avoid using this type of thesis statement)
ex. Everybody mourning a death like Mr. Fredricksen will end up being
horribly miserable for the rest of their life.
vi. Document Based- (cites a specific source and its position on a topic)
ex. In the movie Up, Russell consistently tries helping poor old
Fredricksen find adventure in life again that he once had with Ellie
by trying to earn a badge, he alters the way Carl sees what the true
purpose of life is.
vii. Theory- (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven)
ex. Dealing with a death can emotionally and physically scar somebody
for the rest of their life.
2. Body Paragraphs: (must have echoes of the thesis in each and present
evidence to support or expand on the thesis)
a. Topic Sentence: (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and
the focus on one subject and area of evidence of support)
ex. Many sources indicate that people usually would like to spend time

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 Chavez, Ariana

alone after dealing with a death, but mourning shouldnt completely

take over your life.
b. Evidence as Quotations (quotes you should NEVER be used as individual
sentences- quotes should be embedded within sentences)
i. Ellie wrote lovingly to Carl Fredricksen before passing away, Thanks
for the adventure - now you go have one! (Up).
ii. Thanks for the adventure - now you go have have one! was Ellies
words that later inspired Fredricksen (Up).
iii. With tears in his eyes, Fredricksen sorrowfully read, Thanks for the
adventure - now you go have one!(Up) written by Ellie.
iv. With tears in his eyes Fredricksen sorrowfully read, Thanks for the
[tremendous] adventure - now you go have one! (Up).
v. With tears in his eyes Fredricksen sorrowfully read, Thanks for
adventure[s]... go have one! (Up).
vi. Paraphrase (rewarding of a quote into other words of the same
length without quotation marks, but still citing the source)
- Original Quote: Thanks for the adventure - now you go have
one!(Up).
ex. Paraphrase: Thanks for the time weve been together, its been
a good life but its time for you to enjoy for yourself (Up).
vii. Summary (condensing larger quotes or sections)
- Original Quote: Thanks for the adventure - now you go have
one!(Up).
ex. Summary: Go seek adventure during the time you have left.
viii. Abstract Examples (hypothetical, what if examples - AVOID)
ex. People who are happier live longer.
ix. Concrete Examples (actual, reference-able examples)
ex. A study that has been proven by decades was recently
addressed by CBS NEWS showed that people with positive
attitudes tend to live longer life span of about 80 years on the
average.
c. Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the
paragraph with a transitional or culminating word - possibly an adverb - and
should echo the thesis of the essay)
ex. Obviously, scientists that studied this topic of death mourning agree
that people shouldnt grieve so much and instead keep loved ones at
heart, while at the same time have a positive attitude which will most
likely allow you to live longer.
3. Closing Paragraphs- (Conclusions- should not be mere summaries of the
previous paragraphs of your essay)
a. Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential
consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis - CREATING A
COUNTERARGUMENT)
ex. If many people were accepting about loved ones passing, there
probably would not be so much crying at funerals.
b. Statements(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding

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 Chavez, Ariana

the implications of the thesis-could be one or more sentences)

ex. As such, depression can be clearly connected with mourning the
death of a loved one.
c. Establishing the significance of the thesis
ex. As research states, positive attitudes will result in longer life spans of
all people-to enjoy and live a prosperous life.
d. Final Sentence (connects to the hook)
ex. Given that positive attitudes associated with the acceptance of a loved
ones death, maybe Mr. Fredricksen will find happiness again with the
help of Russell, the Wilderness Explorer.

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 Chavez, Ariana

Quiz #5

1. Which of the two are to be avoided at all costs in writing?

a. statistical pronouns (generalization), what if examples (Abstract examples)
b. generalization, counterarguments
c. beliefs, theories

2. True or False: The following statement would be an example of an assertion

thesis in an essay written about how Woody and Buzz Lightyear became friends.
Woody was the roughest and toughest cowboy who mistreated Buzz until he
earned his respect.

3. True or False: A closing paragraph uses a hook to get the readers attention.

4. If the previous answer is false answer this this question.

Is a hook the first sentence of your essay? YES / NO

5. Can this be used as a hook sentence? YES / NO

Captain Hook is a pirate.

6. If the previous answer is a yes explain why.

a. It grabs my attention because it is so interesting.
b. Yes , its short and precise.
c. No, I changed my mind its not a hook sentence. ~wink, wink~

7. Which of the following is not a thesis statement?

a. a fact c. an anecdotal
b. an opinion d. a claim
8. True or False: Evidence from quotes should always be individual sentences.

9. Is the following a good example of a quote grammatically correct?

Tow Mater excitedly exclaimed he was, the happiest car alive.

10. If it a no, what is the grammar issue?

a. the comma is not in the correct place (HELLO)
b. the quotation marks are in the wrong place!
c. (obviously) there is no adverb

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 Chavez, Ariana

Essays
6. Essays
a. Types (explain and describe each type and kind of essay and states its purpose)
i. Persuasive (Argumentative): essay content is supposed to get the reader to
agree with the point of view stated in the essay. You have to use reason and
logic to persuade the reader to take a side on a particular action.
ii. Expository (Informative): a type of writing where the author is informing,
explaining, defining, or describing to the reader.
1. Definition or Description- used to describe writing that is done to explain
something. It mostly gives sensory details or giving directions to
accomplish something.
2. Process (How-to): explains how to do or make something. It lists steps of
the process, explains it, tells you what you need to do it in simple
vocabulary.
3. Compare and Contrast: a style to write differences between the objects
and similar points they have in common.
- For example, people can compare Tinker Bell to Peter Pan. They both
live in Neverland; but Tinker Bell is a fairy, she is tiny and can fly. On the
other hand Peter Pan is just a boy who can fly with the help of Tinker
Bells pixie dust.
4. Cause and Effect: gives an explanation of why things happen and what
follows that as a result. This is a common way to discuss and organize
certain ideas. Authors can give reasons for something happening, they
use this method.
iii. Analytical/Critical- pulls out facts, uses analysis or logical reasoning.
1. Evaluative: any analysis or experienced study of the operation of system
or product.
2. Interpretive: address questions about its value (whether it is reliable or
unreliable).
iv. Narrative (Tells a story)
1. Personal Anecdote: a short account of an emotional or interesting story. It
can be symbolic or just a descriptive story. Writers sometimes choose
this genre as a hook to get the attention of the audience.
v. Research
1. MLA Citation Format: (Modern Language Association) style is common
when writing a paper and to cite sources.
Double-spaced text, Times New Roman font, font size 12
Leave a space after punctuations
Type paper on standard 8.5x11 inch paper
Set margins to 1 inch on all sides, indent first line of paragraphs
Number each page on upper right hand corner
2. APA Citation Format: (American Psychological Association) common
when citing sources on social science writing. The objective of the tables
and figures is to get the readers understanding of information presented.
vi. Timed
1. Document Based Question (DBQ): (data-based question) short answer

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 Chavez, Ariana

responses from a student using their knowledge along with support from
sources.
2. Synthesis: is the ability to take in the information and present it an
organized fashion.
3. Prompt Based: is writing about a topic given and has to be organized in a
specific way. It is to be done on time and is a learning lesson.
b. Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps
i. Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining: Create possibilities of a good thesis to
base your essay on. Try to examine connections to that thesis with evidence
from the text. Connect the evidence in the thesis to create a topic for each
paragraph by using an outline to organize..
ii. Research/Evaluation of Sources: evaluation of information is important in
researching to understand the topic. We first have to consider if the evidence
we find is credible to use when citing for the research paper. You clearly have
to search the topic to put the correct information from multiple sources.
c. Work Cited Page
i. MLA Format:
Begins on a separate page at the end of paper.
1 inch margins and last name, page number.
Double-spaced citations, and do not skip spaces between the entries.
Center the Work Cited at the top of page
Example of MLA Format entry:
-Barrie, J.M., and Nora S. Unwin. Peter Pan. New York: Charles Scribners
Sons, 1950. Print.
ii. APA Format:
Allows capitalize the proper nouns
Italicize or underline the titles of books
Quotation marks around titles of articles
Add a definition number

36
 Chavez, Ariana

Quiz #6

Match the following with the correct definition:

1. Expository a. Trying to get the reader to

agree with the point of view of
the essay

2. MLA b. Format of academic documents

3. Narrative c. presenting a claim of what is being

analyzed
4. Persuasive d. Explaining and investigating an idea

5. Timed e. A style recommended by the

Modern Language Association

6. Evaluative f. Personal events to hook reader

7. Compare and Contrast g. Similarities and differences

8. APA h. Statement that is focusing on a

topic following questions

9. Cause and Effect i. Critically analyzing into its

constituent parts

10. Interpretive j. why things happen and what is

happens after as a result

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 Chavez, Ariana

Punctuation
a.[ ]-can be used for the following: clarification, translation, indicating a change in
capitalization, indicating errors, censoring objectionable content, parenthetical
within parenthetical, emphasis
N V ADV PREP PN ADJ N PREP
Ex. Pocahontas ran frantically away from them [white settlers from Great Britain]
PN V ADV PN PRN N
because she was afraid of the harm they could cause on her tribe.

b. ( )- used to set off material that isn't fundamental to the main topic, like an
afterthought or a funny joke.
PRN V N ADV N PN V ADJ
Ex. When we go to Disneyland (it is usually on a holiday), we wait in enduring
N N
lines for Space Mountain.

c. .- used at the end of a sentence or an abbreviation.

N V ADJ N PRN ADJ
Ex. Mr. Potato Head was pugnacious towards Woody because he lost some of
PRN N
his toy pieces.

d. ,-indicating a pause between parts of a sentence. It is also used to separate

items in a list and to mark the place of thousands in a large number.
PRN V N PRN V ADJ N
Ex. When we arrive at Disneyland, we always park in the innovative Mickey and
N
Friends parking structure.

e. -used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word.

ADJ N N V ADJ
Ex. The innovative roller-coasters at Disney parks are cutting-edge and
ADJ
hypersonic.

f. used to set off a word or phrase after an independent clause or to set off a
parenthetical remark
N N N ADJ N V N
Ex. Crush and Squirt Nemos turtle friends have traveled through the East
Australian Current.
g. :-indicates that a writer is introducing a quotation or a list of items or separating
two clauses of which the second expands or illustrates the first
N N V PN ADJ N V PN
Ex. Rapunzels morning consists of: brushing her luscious hair, rambling to her
N V ADJ N
chameleon, and painting extravagant murals.
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 Chavez, Ariana

h. ;- indicating a pause, typically between two main clauses, that is more

pronounced than that indicated by a comma.
N N V N N
Ex. Tinkerbell and the Lost Boys disapprove of Captain Hook; the animosity
PREP
between them is obvious.

i. ?-used to indicate a question.

ADJ N V ADJ N
Ex. How can the arrogant Prince Naveen marry such a cordial Princess?
j. !-used to indicate an exclamation.
ADJ V N N
Ex. Be careful, dont stand up when the ride is in motion!

k. -used to indicate either possession or the omission of letters or numbers.

N ADJ N V ADJ N
Ex. Pinocchios amicable father was a respectful puppeteer.

l. -used either to mark the beginning and end of a title or quoted passage or to
indicate that a word or phrase is regarded as slang or is being discussed rather
than used within the sentence.
N V PRN V PRN V
Ex. Walt Disney once said, If you can dream it, you can do it.
m. -used when omitting a word, phrase, line, paragraph, or more from a quoted
passage.
N V PREP ADJ N
Ex. UmIm not sure we should walk toward that rambunctious crowd.

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 Chavez, Ariana

Quiz #7
1. What is the comma for specifically in a sentence?
2. What are parentheses used for?
3. Which are parentheses and which are brackets?
a. [ ] b. ( ) c. . d. :
4. What is the name of this rare punctuation? ...
a. an apostrophe b. an exclamation point c. a hyphen d. an ellipsis
5. What is the physical difference between a hyphen and a dash?
a. Nothing, they are synonyms. b. A dash is longer and used for different
purposes!
6. Which punctuation would you use when quoting a source?
a. b. c. { } d. ,
7. When do we use a ? punctuation?
8. What is the purpose of a period?
9. When is an exclamation point used in a sentence?
10. When do we use a colon and when do we use a semicolon?
a. indicating a pause at two main clauses b. when listing or quoting

40
 Chavez, Ariana

Capitalization Rules
1. Capitalize the first word of a document and the first word after a period.
N V N ADJ N V
Ex. Maleficent was once a fairy and now a villainous sorceress who has much
PREP N
hatred against Aurora.
2. Capitalize the first word, the last word, and all important words in a title.
PREP ADJ N PN V ADJ N ADJ
Ex. In Its a Small World, we see convivial characters representing different parts
N
of the world.
3. Capitalize the names of organizations.
N V ADJ N
Ex. Russell represented the jocular Wilderness Explorers.
4. Capitalize the names of days, months, holidays, and special days.
N PN V N V ADJ N
Ex. It is a tradition that we go on New Years Day, to see the magnificent parade.
5. Capitalize a proper adjective but not the noun it modifies unless the noun is part of
a title.
N V ADJ N PREP N
Ex. Disney World is the most extravagant theme park in the East Coast.
6. Capitalize brand names but not the products.
ADJ N PN V N
Ex. On an excruciating hot day, you can devour a Haagen-Dazs ice-cream and
cool off.
7. Capitalize business names.
PREP N V ADJ N N
Ex. In Adventureland, Disney sells delicious pineapple Dole whip ice-cream.
8. Capitalize institution names.
N V ADJ N V V N
Ex. Monsters University is the most popular place to learn how to terrify kids.
9. Capitalize historical events, periods of time, and historical documents.
ADJ N N V PRN N
Ex. During the Twentieth Century, Disneyland opened its doors on July 17,
1955.
10. Capitalize names of particular geographic places.
N V ADJ N PREP N
Ex. Disneyland could be the most visited place in the Northern Hemisphere.
11. Capitalize languages
N V ADJ N ADJ N
Ex. Disney offers congenial tours in different languages including French,
Spanish and Chinese.
12. Capitalize specific names of structures.
ADJ N V PN ADJ
Ex. The infamous Golden Gate Bridge welcomes you to the adventurous
N
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 Chavez, Ariana

California Adventure.
13. Capitalize names, initials, and titles appearing with names.
N V ADJ N V N
Ex. Dr. Finklestein is the mad scientist who creates Sally, Jack Skellingtons
N
girlfriend.
14. Capitalize the pronoun I.
PN ADV V ADJ N N ADJ
Ex. I gregariously invite my Disney enthusiastic friends for a park visit once a
N
month.
15. Capitalize Roman numerals, letters for topics in outlines and the first word in an
outline.
PREP N N V ADJ N N PN PN
Ex. In Star Wars, Episode IV, Darth Vader says his famous line, Luke, I am your
N
father.
16. Capitalize the first letter of the first word in a direct quotation.
N ADJ N ADJ N
Ex. To infinity and beyond, is Buzz Lightyears favorite line.
17. Capitalize government bodies and departments.
N V PRN N V PREP N
Ex. Disney has its own Fire Department located on Main Street.
18. Capitalize the first word of the greeting and closing of a letter.
N V ADJ N N
Ex. Thanks for the adventure, now go have a new one! Love, Ellie

19. Capitalize a specific well-known area or event.

PN V ADJ PREP N PREP V ADJ
Ex. We walked amicably down Main Street, USA in hopes of finding a delicious
N
churro.
20. Capitalize President when it refers to the leader of the United States.
PN V N V ADJ N
Ex. I wonder if President Obama has ever visited the outlandish Toon Town.
21. Capitalize both parts of hyphenated words in a title.
PN PRN N N ADJ N
Ex. Did you know that my aunt is the Vice-President of the remarkable Disney
fan club?
22. Capitalize north, south, east and west when they refer to a region of a country or
world.
N N
Ex. Is there a Disney Resort in the mid-West?
23. Capitalize races and ethnic groups.
N V ADJ N
Ex. Tiana is the first African American Disney Princess.
24. Capitalize the pronoun I.
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PN V ADJ N N N
Ex. I loathe the expensive prices on water at Disneyland, when it is so
ADJ
fundamental.
25. Capitalize political parties and their members.
N N V N N
Ex. Democrats and Republican united for a convention at the Disney Hotel.

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Quiz #8
1. What is the correct way to capitalize the happiest place on earth?
a. Happiest Place on Earth
b. Happiest place on earth
2. T/F There are only 25 rules in capitalization in grammar?
3. Which languages must we always capitalize?
a. English c. Dutch
b. Spanish d. All of the Above
4. T/F You should only capitalize the first word in a hyphenated word or title.
5. When should you capitalize the name of a business?
a. Always c. Only if the business belongs to you
b. Whenever you feel it is important
6. When referring to brand names, when should you capitalize the product as
well?
a. Always c. Only if the product is reliable
b. Never d. Only if you are referring to the product as possessive
7. Fill in the blank You should ____________ capitalize the pronoun I.
8. When making an outline, which should you capitalize?
a. Letters c. numbers
b. The first word of the outline d. All of the Above
9. T/F You should not capitalize the seasons of the year?
10. Fill in the Blank
We ____________ capitalize directions on a map.
a. Always C. Seldom
b. Never D. Only when you feel like it

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Commonly Confused/ Misused Word Choices

a. Connotation/Denotation
1. Connotation is an idea or feeling that a word has a secondary meaning adding

to its real meaning.

ex. Villains like Jafar have a negative connotation of wickedness and

selfishness while a hero like Aladdin connotes chivalry.

2. Denotation is the literary meaning of the word in contrast to the feelings or

ideas that the word suggests.
ex. Denotation is obvious In 101 Dalmatians when the dogs are taken from
their home physically, but are technically still together with their siblings.
b. Who/Whom
1. Who is the subject
ex. Who made the appealing cake for the alluring Aurora?
2. Whom is the indirect object or direct object
ex. Whom did the affable King Triton welcome to Ariels birthday party?
c. Their/There/Theyre
1. Their is a possessive pronoun
ex. Disney treats their visitors in a charming and charismatic way.
2. There refers to a place
ex. They sell exclusive Star Wars Mickey memorabilia over there!
3. Theyre is a contraction of they are
ex. Theyre replacing the Winnie the Pooh ride with a modernized Star Wars
Land.
d. Lie/Lay
1. Lie is to rest or recline
ex. My feet are extremely tired from walking at the Happiest Place on Earth, I
must lie down.

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2. Lay is to put something down

ex. Can we lay our jackets down under the seat while the ride is in motion?
e. Laid/Lain
1. Laid is the past participle of lay
ex. Woody laid on the trunk of a car while Andy gathered his belongings.
2. Lain is the past participle of lie
ex. Buzz had lain at the foot of Andys bed for hours until he returned home.
f. Affect/Effect
1. Affect is usually a verb; means to produce a change in or influence something
ex. The affect on Mr. Frederickson on his wifes passing was depressing.
2. Effect is usually a noun; when a event that means change has occurred
ex. What effect did Pinocchios lying have on his nose?
g. Accept/Except
1. Accept is to receive
ex. Will you accept my invitation to join us on an paid vacation to Disney
World?
2. Except is to leave out
ex. Everyone at the Ball continued to dance except Cinderella, when she
dashed out of the palace.
h. Could/Would/Should have vs. Could/Would/Should of
1. C/W/Should have expresses an opinion or suggestion for a past option not
chosen
ex. We should have taken the tram earlier instead of having dinner.
2. C/W/Should of expresses an opinion or advice for a past situation
ex. We should of been more careful in placing our items safely in a locker.
i. Loath/Loathe
1. Loath is unwilling

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ex. I was loath to leave California Adventure because they had a spectacular
Toy Story Parade later on in the day.
2. Loathe is to feel disgust or intense aversion for
ex. I watched Pocahontas twice and I loathe the treatment of the Indians.
j. Infer/Imply
1. Infer is to conclude or judge from evidence
ex. The cast member inferred to postpone the parade due to the stormy clouds.
2. Imply is to indicate or suggest without being stated
ex. We implied that we wanted fast passes to the ride by the looks on our faces.
k. Weary/Wary
1. Weary is physically or mentally exhausted by hard work
ex. Indiana Jones had a weary journey in defeating the cursed temple.
3. Wary is not having complete trust in someone or something that could be
dangerous
ex. We are wary of Ursulas actions because she the nefarious Sea Witch.
l. Proceed/Precede
1. Proceed is to go forward or onward
ex. The Toy Story Crew embarked on a quest to find their ultimate friend, Woody.
2. Precede to come or occur before in time
ex. A quest to find Boo was preceded by dinner at the Sushi place.
m. Discrete/Discreet
1. Discrete is to separate or distinct inform or concept
ex. Thought they are both theme parks, Disneyland and California Adventure are
discrete in size.
2. Discreet is showing sensitivity and skill in dealing with others
ex. Disney is discreet by offering front of the line opportunities for handicapped
visitors.
n. Conscience/Conscious
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1. Conscience is the inner sense of right and wrong

ex. Pinocchio learned to always let his conscience be his guide.
2. Conscious is when you are awake and aware of your surroundings
ex. The conscious Cheshire Cat was aware of everything that occurred in
Wonderland.
o. Can/May
1. Can is when are able to do something
ex. Can you stop being frugal and treat yourself to a premium pass to the parks?
2. May is when you ask to do something
ex. May I buy a delectable pretzel to accompany my cheese?
p. Appose/Oppose
1. Appose is to place in proximity
ex. A quick way to appose the family is to plan a quick getaway trip to
Disneyland.
2. Oppose to be in conflict with
ex. We oppose the fact that Disneyland has banned the advantageous selfie
stick!
q. Advice/Advise
1. Advice is to suggest or give a recommendation
ex. I will take Aladdins advice to travel and see the zealous world.
2. Advise to offer a opinion
ex. The operator of the ride advised us to keep our hands and feet inside the car
at all times.
r. Brake/Break
1. Brake are restraint used to stop or slow a vehicle
ex. The conductor immediately hit the brakes when he saw someone stand up.
2. Break to divide into parts violently

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ex. Please do not break this expensive collection of Disney Princesses.

s. Loose/Lose
1. Loose is free from constraint
ex. My seat belt came loose when the buggy came to a sudden jolt!
2. Lose is to fail or misplace
ex. I always seem to lose my parking ticket so I asked my savvy mom to keep it.
t. Allowed/Aloud
1. Allowed is to have permission to do something
ex. Only Cast Members are allowed beyond this point!
2. Aloud is to say in a voice that can be heard
ex. The acoustics in the elevator was not working so the operator told us a story
of the Haunted Mansion aloud.

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Quiz #9
1. Which word means to have permission to do something?
a. Allowed b. Aloud
2. T/F To except someone is to exclude them.
3. Which word means to be in disgust of something.
a. Loath b. Loathe c. Loat
4. Fill in the blank
______ going to visit Toon Town after riding Space Mountain.
a. Their b. Theyre c. There d. Wear
5. T/F To be weary of something is to be tired and exhausted of it.
6. Lie/Lay Underline the word that best fits this sentence.
I must _______ down to rest my tired feet after walking the two parks today.
7. Which of the following words means to divide into parts violently?
a. Brake c. Break
b. Punch d. None of the Above
8. T/F Laid is the past participle of lie.
9. T/F Appose is to place in proximity.
10. Which of the following words means to listen to your inner sense of right and
wrong?
a. Conscious c. Hearing
b. Alive d. Conscience

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Quiz Keys

Quiz #1
Key: 1. B 2. True 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. False 10. C

Quiz #2
Key: 1.a 2.c 3.b 4.False 5.a 6.prepositional 7. False 8.to sprinkle pixie dust
9. b 10.through the forest; across a tiny charming cottage

Quiz #3
Key: 1.a 2.d 3.False 4.independent 5.when riding 6.b 7.False 8.d 9.which included
a fork 10.d
Quiz #4
Key: 1.a, 2. True, 3. question mark (?), 4.was flying his antique house, 5. was telling;
playing, 6. b, 7.c, 8. True, 9. (an adverb or conjunction); , , 10. Snow White

Quiz #5
Key: 1.a, 2.T, 3.F 4.YES, 5.NO, 6.c, .7c, 8.F, 9.NO, 10.b

Quiz #6
Key: 1-d 2-e 3-f 4-a 5-h 6-c 7-g 8-b 9-j 10-i

Quiz #7
Key: 1,2,7,8,9- Answers may vary, but use definitions to check if correct.
3- b and a, 4- d, 5-b, 6-b, 10- b and a

Quiz #8
Key: 1. A 2. True 3. D 4. False 5. A 6. B 7. Always 8. D 9. False 10. B.

Quiz #9
Key: 1. A 2. True 3. A 4. B 5. True 6. Lie 7. C 8. False 9. True 10. D

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Glossary

A
Adjectival-describes noun following it.
Adverb Clause-used to modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs in an independent clause,
introduced by a subordinating conjunction and used to indicate time,
place, result, condition, and purpose.
Adverbial Object-comes after the verb and answers what or whom
Analytical/Critical-related to using logical reasoning or analysis.
APA Format-(American Psychological Association) commonly used to cite social
science sources.
Appositive-groups of words that include all the words or
phrases that modify an appositive.

C
Clauses-group of words or just a subject and a verb
Critical/Analytical-related to or using logical reasoning or analysis

D
Direct Object-comes after the verb and answers who or what.
Document Based Question (DBQ)-aka databased question, series of short answer
questions made by students using knowledge
along with support of several sources provided.

E
Elliptical Clauses-adverb clauses in which part the clause is omitted.
Expository-a writing mode which the purpose of the author is to explain, describe,
inform and define a non-fiction concept.

I
Independent-can stand alone as a complete sentence; known as a simple sentence
pattern.
Indirect Object-answers to whom or to who.

M
MLA Format-(Modern Language Association) style is mostly common when writing or
citing sources.

N
Nonessential Clauses-clauses that arent necessary to the meaning of the sentence.
Noun-a word used to identify any of class of people, place or thing. (exception for
pronouns)

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O
Object Complement-follows a direct object and renames it.
Object of the Gerund-noun that follows a gerund.
Object of the Infinitive-noun that follows an infinitive
Object of the Participle-noun that follows a participle.
Object of the Preposition-follows a preposition.

P
Persuasive-aka argument essay. It tries to persuade the reader to take a side on a
topic.
Personal Anecdote-interesting or emotional personal story.
Phrases-group of words functions as a part of speech.
Prepositional-group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and
used as an adjective or an adverb.
Prompt Based-write about a particular topic in a specific way, and done in time.
Encourages learning in a positive way.
Pronoun-take the place of nouns that have been established.

R
Relative Clause-dependent clause that begins with

S
Subject-comes before the verb.
Subject Complement-following a linking verb.

V
Verb-shows the time, action, or state of being of a subject.
Verbal-group of words that begin with verbal and ends with a noun.

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Work Cited

http://www.chompchomp.com/menu.htm
http://www.easybib.com
http://www.english-grammar-revoution.com/sitemap.html
http://www.english-grammar-revoution.com/sentence-types.html
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resources/747/01/
http://www.writingcentre.uotta.ca/hypergrammar/subjpred.html

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Dedication

I would like to dedicate this book to my mom. She pushed

me to stay up and to complete my book on a strict

schedule before the due date. Id also like to dedicate this

to my favorite place on Earth, Disneyland, since it has

inspired my book topic.

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