TITLE PAGE

Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and

Supply Restoration

______________________

A Project Paper
Submitted to

Benie Sy, Ph. D.

Professor

Master of Business Administration

XAVIER UNIVERSITY
Cagayan de Oro City

______________________

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Course
IT FOR MANAGERS
(MBA 116)

By
Ara Reyna D. Mamon
Rodil Ricardo A. Mansueto
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 2
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co., Inc. (CEPALCO) started its operations way
back in January 1952 by generating its own power through a 400-kW diesel generator
and serving 750 customers within Cagayan de Oro City through a 2.4 kV primary
distribution system. As of this year, both CEPALCOs demand and customers increased.
These increase and with the strict Standards that need to be complied led to a more
complicated distribution system operations. The System Operations Department (SOD),
whose task is ensure the continuous supply of good quality power to CEPALCOs
customers found it difficult to cope with the fast changing and stringent requirements of
the customers. Thus, CEPALCO implemented the Smart Grid to integrate Operational
Technologies (OT) used in system operations and Information Technologies (IT) used in
data processing. However, some of CEPALCOs processes involved manual
interventions even with the presence of the Smart Grid System. One of these processes
is when a Telemetered Device1 triggers a power interruption.

When a power interruption that is triggered by a Telemetered Device, it would take at

least 90 minutes to fully isolate the faulted system and energize back the customers that
were not affected by the fault. The 90-minute long power interruption is equivalent to
opportunity loss to CEPALCO and loss of goods and inconvenience to the customers.

The Project Team recommends that the manual process of isolating the faulted
system and energizing back the customers that were not affected by the fault will be
automated. Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Supply Restoration (Auto-FLISR)
will reduce the time required to execute the manual process from 90 minutes to less
than 1 minute. Thus, the investment associated with this project can be recovered
within 8.83 months.

1 Telemetered Device is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device that interfaces

objects in the physical world to a distributed control system or SCADA system by
transmitting telemetry data to a master system, and by using messages from the master
supervisory.
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 3
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

Table of Contents

TITLE PAGE.......................................................................................................................i
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................................ii
Table of Contents............................................................................................................iii
List of Tables...................................................................................................................iv
List of Figures.................................................................................................................iv
1. System Profile............................................................................................................1
1.1. Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co., Inc.....................................................1
1.2. Incident Management of the Advance Distribution Management System...1
1.3. Telemetered Devices Incident......................................................................1
2. Existing Incident Management.................................................................................2
3. Project Schedule........................................................................................................6
4. Proposed Revision of the Incident Management....................................................7
5. Cost and Benefit Analysis.........................................................................................9
6. Recommendation.....................................................................................................10
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 4
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

List of Tables

Table 1: Details of Telemetered Devices Incident Duration...............................................3

Table 2: Task List and Duration.........................................................................................6

Table 3: Detailed Computation of Benefits........................................................................9

Table 4: Components of the Customer Damage Function................................................9

List of Figures

Figure 1: Contextual Diagram of the Existing Incident Management................................2

Figure 2: Detailed Telemetered Devices Incident Process................................................2

Figure 3: Detailed Incident Resolution Sub-Processes.....................................................4

Figure 4: Project Timeline..................................................................................................5

Figure 5: Proposed Revision of the Incident Management...............................................7

Figure 6: Detailed Flow Chart of Auto-FLISR....................................................................7

Figure 7: Detailed Flow Chart of the Proposed Revision of the Incident Management....8
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 1
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

1. System Profile

1.1. Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co., Inc.

Cagayan Electric Power & Light Co., Inc. (CEPALCO) started its
operations way back in January 1952 by generating its own power through a
400-kW diesel generator and serving 750 customers within Cagayan de Oro City
through a 2.4 kV primary distribution system. As of this year, both CEPALCOs
demand and customers increased. These increase and with the strict Standards
that need to be complied led to a more complicated distribution system
operations. The System Operations Department (SOD), whose task is ensure the
continuous supply of good quality power to CEPALCOs customers found it
difficult to cope with the fast changing and stringent requirements of the
customers. True to its vision to be the leading electric service provider in the
Philippines, CEPALCO implemented the Smart Grid to integrate Operational
Technologies (OT) used in system operations and Information Technologies (IT)
used in data processing to attain a more efficient operations.

1.2. Incident Management of the Advance Distribution Management System

The Advance Distribution Management System (ADMS) is Phase 1 of the

implementation of the Smart Grid System Project. The projects aim is to
integrate OT and IT for a more efficient operations. The system uses data from
Geographic Information System (GIS), Enterprise Customer Management
System (ECMS), and Telemetered Devices to act in real time on the
abnormalities of the distribution system. The Incident Management of the ADMS
covers the life-cycle of an incident2 from Call Taking to Resolution.

1.3. Telemetered Devices Incident

In the current process, incidents triggered by Telemetered Devices are

resolved manually by System Operators. They rely from the inputs provided by
the field crews who conduct the line patrol activities to determine the cause of the
incidents. The Project Team proposes to automate this process using the
capabilities of the ADMS. The Project Team is expecting to significantly reduce
the number of the customers affected and the duration of the resolution of the
incidents triggered by Telemetered Devices.

2 The incident models all problems in distribution system such as unplanned outage,
problem existence, non-outage problems like lights flickering, planned outage, and
planned work.
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 2
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

2. Existing Incident Management

Figure 1 below shows the contextual diagram of the existing incident

management. This covers the process from Call Taking, Telemetered Devices
Incident, and Incident Resolution.

Figure 1: Contextual Diagram of the Existing Incident Management

The Call Taking sub-process involves the gathering of the initial data from the
customers by CEPALCOs call center agents. Through this process, additional
information will be gathered that might help the field crews, who are conducting line
patrol, in analyzing the cause of the incident. The Telemetered Devices Incident
sub-process involves the manual execution of fault isolation, isolation, and supply
restoration.

Figure 2: Detailed Telemetered Devices Incident Process

 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 3
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration

Figure 2 above shows the detailed process flow of the Telemetered Devices
Incident. The average duration of this sub-process is 90 minutes. Incident
Resolution sub-process involves Crew Management, Job/Work Order Management,
Materials Reconciliation, and Man-Hours recording. The sub-processes that are
enclosed in the red dashed rectangle comprise the Incident Resolution sub-
processes as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 also shows the detailed flow chart of the existing Incident
Management. The main focus of this project proposal is on the Telemetered
Devices Incident. As mentioned before, this sub-process takes an average of 90
minutes to accomplish. Below list the corresponding duration of the steps as shown
in Figure 2:

Table 1: Details of Telemetered Devices Incident Duration

Process Duration (minutes)

Step 3: Dispatching of Field Crew 10

Step 4: Conduct Field Inspection3 45

Step 5: Fault Isolation 15

Step 6: Network Reconfiguration 15

Step 7: Energization4 5

Total 90

3 This does not include delays due to traffic congestion.

4 Energization is done manually through remote operation of Telemetered Devices from

the Control Center.
 MBA 116 CPLC grp 3 SDLC summer2017 4
Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Service Restoration
Figure 3: Detailed Incident Resolution Sub-Processes
Figure 4: Project Timeline
3. Project Schedule

Figure 4 above shows the Gantt chart of the project. Error: Reference source
not found below shows the Task List and their corresponding duration in days.

Table 2: Task List and Duration

The project timeline covers only the implementation of the project should the
project is approved. Project Design Documentation and Development are given
emphasis on the task list since these task are very crucial to the successful
operation of the project.
4. Proposed Revision of the Incident Management

Figure 5 below shows the contextual diagram of the proposed revision of the
Incident Management. Please take note that the Telemetered Devices sub-process
has been replaced by Automatic Fault Location, Isolation, and Supply Restoration
(Auto-FLISR). Auto-FLISR sub-process will significantly reduce the duration of
implementing the Telemetered Devices Incident from an average of 90 minutes to a
maximum of 1 minute.

Figure 5: Proposed Revision of the Incident Management

Figure 6 below shows the detailed flow chart of the Auto-FLISR. The Auto-
FLISR will be automatically executed by Advance Distribution Management System
(ADMS) through its SCADA functionalities when certain pre-determined conditions
are met. ADMS is capable of executing this process in less 1 minute.

Figure 6: Detailed Flow Chart of Auto-FLISR

Figure 7 below shows the detailed flow chart of the proposed revision of the
Incident Management where Telemetered Device Incidents has been replaced with
Auto-FLISR.
Figure 7: Detailed Flow Chart of the Proposed Revision of the Incident Management
5. Cost and Benefits Analysis

Table 3 below shows the how the benefits of the projects were being
computed. It should be noted that the data used in the computation were based on
the System Historical Performance as provided by the System Operations
Department.

Table 3: Detailed Computation of Benefits

A Number of Feeders5 8.00
B Feeder Interruption per Month6 0.18
C Number of Feeders Interrupted per Month 1.47 AxB
Average Avoided Loss of Load per
D 3,266.00
Feeder, kW7
E Total Avoided Loss of Load per month 2,882.21 CxDx60%8
F Customer Damage Function, PhP/kW 1,650,494.70
G Distribution System Charge 1.43
H CEPALCO Foregone Revenue9 6,992.34 DxGx1.5
I Total Savings per Month 1,657,487.04 H+F
J Annual Savings 19,889,844.47 Ix12
K Total Project Cost10 14,636,457.87

Benefit to Cost Ratio: 1.36 (based on 1 year derive benefits)

Payback Period: 8.83 months

Table 4 below shows the allocation of customer class per feeder and their
corresponding Customer Damage Function Cost (CDF). CDF is the standard way to
describe interruption cost which determines relationship between interruption
duration and its customer economic losses.
5 Number of Feeders with Auto-FLISR Capabilities.

6 Based on Historical System Performance from 2003 to 2016.

7 Based on 2016 Historical System Performance.

8 Estimated Load Factor of Feeders

9 Foregone Revenue and Customer Damage Function Costs were derive based on the
avoided 90-min power interruption.

10 Total Project Cost was based on the budgetary estimates provided by the ADMS
Contractor.
 Table 4: Components of the Customer Damage Function
Allocation Per
Customer Class CDF, PhP/kW11 Cost
Feeder
Industrial 31.50% 776.77 705,244.02
Commercial 43.27% 731.20 911,949.28
Residential 23.89% 41.21 28,372.29
Govt. & inst. 1.34% 127.57 4,929.11
Total 1,650,494.70

6. Recommendation

CEPALCOs vision is To be the leading electric service provider in the

Philippines. This vision can be easily attained by providing superior service to
the customers. The immediate result of this proposed project is the significant
reduction of the interruption duration of power interruptions and faster resolutions
of incidents. Further, the proposed project is self-liquidating having a Benefit to
Cost Ratio of 1.36 for a year of derived benefits and a Payback Period of
8.83 months. Thus, the Project Team recommends the implementation of
the Auto-FLISR.

11 Reliability Evaluation of Power System 2nd edition by Roy Billinton and Ronald N.
Allan