210 The Science and Engineering of Materials I n s t r u c t o r s S o l u t i o n M a n u a l

Gadolinium: The number of atoms/m3 is:

2 atoms/cell
13.6336 3 10 m2 2 15.781 3 10210 m2 cos 30
210

5 0.0303 3 1030 atoms/m3

M 5 10.0303 3 1030 2 17 magnetons/atom219.27 3 10224 A # m2 2
5 1.96 3 106 A /m 5 24,670 oersted

1911 An alloy of nickel and cobalt is to be produced to give a magnetization of 2 3 106

A/m. The crystal structure of the alloy is FCC with a lattice parameter of 0.3544
nm. Determine the atomic percent cobalt required, assuming no interaction between
the nickel and cobalt.

Solution: Let fNi be the atomic fraction of nickel; 1 2 fNi is then the atomic fraction
of cobalt. The numbers of Bohr magnetons per cubic meter due to nickel
and to cobalt atoms are:
Ni: 14 atoms/cell2 12 magnetons/atom2 fNi / 13.544 3 10210 m2 3
5 0.1797 3 1030fNi
Co: 14 atoms/cell213 magnetons/atom2 11 2 fNi 2 / 13.544 3 10210 m2 3
5 0.2696 3 1030 11 2 fNi 2
M 5 3 10.1797 3 1030 2 fNi 1 10.2696 3 1030 2 11 2 fNi 2 4 19.27 3 10224 2
M 5 20.833 3 106fNi 1 2.499 3 106 5 2 3 106
fNi 5 0.60 fCo 5 0.40

1912 Estimate the magnetization that might be produced in an alloy containing nickel and
70 at% copper, assuming that no interaction occurs.

Solution: We can estimate the lattice parameter of the alloy from those of the pure
nickel and copper and their atomic fractions:
ao 5 10.3213.2942 1 10.72 13.61512 5 3.52
If the copper does not provide magnetic moments that influence magneti-
zation, then
14 atoms/cell2 10.3 fraction Ni2 12 magnetons/Ni atom2 19.27 3 10224 2
M5
13.52 3 10210 m2 3
M 5 0.51 3 106 A /m 5 6410 oersted

1913 An Fe80% Ni alloy has a maximum permeability of 300,000 when an inductance

of 3500 gauss is obtained. The alloy is placed in a 20-turn coil that is 2 cm in
length. What current must flow through the conductor coil to obtain this field?

Solution: Since B 5 mH,

H 5 B/m 5 3500 G/300,000 G/Oe 5 0.0117 Oe 5 0.928 A /m
Then:
I 5 H/ /n 5 10.928 A/m2 10.02 m2 /20 turns 5 0.00093 A