International Tourism

(Inbound Tourism State France)

Kurnia R. Yusuf 1611521063

Tourism Travel Industries

Tourism Faculty
Udayana University
2017

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 Preface

Worship and praise the author pray toward the presence of Almighty God for the blessings
and guidance I can finish this job well, and also be able to overcome all the obstacles which
the authors faced during the completion of the writing of this task. The authors are grateful to
friends of the writers who helped me in the completion of this task, and do not forget to also
thank faculty author on his direction and guidance in absorbing the material in this task.

This task is particularly useful for students and others. Inside this task, authors benefit from
the knowledge that much of the material sought during the process for resolution of this task.
The author raised the topic of the visit of tourists to Bali, "Inbound Tourism State France" is
very useful for improving sustainability visiting tourists to Bali, and is also highly associated
or related material International Tourism is "Inbound Tourism" where tourists Belgium go to
Bali. The author hopes that this task can be useful in classes, work industry and in society.

The author believes that, which made this paper is not perfect as expected. Therefore, the
authors expect criticism and suggestions from readers, with the aim of this paper could be
more perfect as expected. Thank you

Jimbaran, May 15th 2017

Author

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 Table of Content

Preface................................................................................................................... ii
Table of Content.................................................................................................... iii
Chapter I................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Background.................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Formulation of The Problem.............................................................................. 2
1.3 Purpose........................................................................................................ 2
Chapter II............................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Inbound Tourism............................................................................................ 3
2.2 Travel Motivation........................................................................................... 3
2.2.1 Definition of Travel Motivation....................................................................3
2.2.2 Categories of Motivation............................................................................6
2.2.3 Categories of Travel Motivation...................................................................6
2.3 The Elements of Tourism System Model...............................................................6
2.3.1 Tourist................................................................................................... 6
2.3.2 Geographical Elements..............................................................................7
2.3.3 Tourism Industry...................................................................................... 7
2.4 Costumer Behaviour and Tourism Demand............................................................8
2.4.1 Demand for Inbound Tour is Influences by a Number of Factors...........................8
2.4.2 The Inbound Tour Consumer Decision is Involving Four Basic Elements................9
Chapter III............................................................................................................ 10
3.1 History of France.......................................................................................... 10
3.2 Geography of France..................................................................................... 10
3.3 Social life and Culture................................................................................... 12
3.3.1 Economy of France................................................................................. 15
3.3.2 Tourist Destination in France.....................................................................17
Chapter IV............................................................................................................ 19
4.1 France Tourist Arrivals to Bali.........................................................................19
4.2 Characteristics of French travelers who visited Bali...............................................19
4.3 Promotion Bali As Tourism Destination Region of France.......................................19
Chapter V............................................................................................................. 21

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 5.1 Conclusions................................................................................................ 21
5.2 Suggestion.................................................................................................. 21
Bibliography......................................................................................................... 22

Chapter I
Introduction
1.1 Background

Tourism is an activity trips taken by a person or group of people from their home
areas into tourist destinations. This activity is related to a very complex social
phenomenon of a person who is concerned aspects of life such as: sociological,
psychological, economic, ecological and so on. Among the aspects of the above, one
of the aspects that influence to indent the tourist activity and is considered very
important that the economic aspect. For despite the desire or urge to travel but if not
supported by the aspect / economic factors, the desire was not going to happen.
Therefore, it is economic aspect that could answer all the desire to travel.

The reason the author chose the France as a subject who visit or travel to Bali that is,
because the level of tourist arrivals to Bali are quite a lot and when viewed in terms of
its economic, French people deserve to travel, because primary needs of the majority
people are already said to be capable, and can even meet secondary needs like
traveling to another country for the purpose of recreation and others. The level of
economic advancement of the France is increasing, could be the reason for the people
to make a trip to another country or to travel to Bali.

With the level of per capita income and a pretty good economy of the French State, it
could bring a positive impact for Indonesia is to add the exchange or improve the
economy of Indonesia when they travel to Indonesia. And because the French use the
euro as the currency of the country, it has been very supportive factor of the desire to
travel outside of the country. So that is the reason for the author to make the French
State as a subject of the activities and travel of the State of origin of tourists to the
stricken tourist destinations, or can be called as Inbound tourism.

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1.2 Formulation of The Problem

1. What the sense of Motivation Travel, Inbound Tourism, and Tourism Model
System ?
2. How does the existence of tourists from France to Bali ?
3. How is Life in France?
4. How the promotion of Bali as a Tourist Destination in France?

1.3 Purpose

1. Knowing about Motivation Travel, Inbound Tourism, and Tourism Model System.
2. Knowing about the existence of tourists from France to Bali.
3. Knowing about Life in France.
4. Knowing how promotion of Bali as a Tourist Destination in France.
5. As a learning material for writers, students and community.
6. As the task of the course International Tourism.

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 Chapter II
Literature Review

2.1 Inbound Tourism

Inbound tourism is when a person from his/her home country travels to another
country for not less than 24 hours and not more than few months.

2.2 Travel Motivation

Motivation is derive from the word motivate which is to cause (a person) to act in a
certain way; or stimulate interest. There is also reference to the word motivate
which is concerned with initiating movement or inducing a person to act.

Tourist motivation can be defined "as the global integrating network of biological and
cultural forces which gives value and direction to travel choices, behaviour and
experience."

2.2.1 Definition of Travel Motivation

(Pearce, Morrison & Rutledge, 1998). Put simply, motivation is a state of
arousal of a drive or need which impels people to activity in pursuit of goals.
Once the goals have been achieved the need subsides and the individual
returns to the equilibrium-but only briefly because new motives arise as the
last one is satisfied.

As cited in Seaton (1997) motivation of the individual person to travel, to look

outside for what he cannot find inside have been largely created by society and
shaped by everyday life.

Gray's (1979) travel-motivation theory, poses only two main motives for
travel. One is the desire to go from a known to an unknown place, called in
Gray's theory "wanderlust"'. The other motive is what Grays called "sunlust".
This generates a trip to a place which can provide the traveler with specific
facilities that do not exist in his or her own place of residence. Some of the
motives which determine their travel choices are recreation, pleasure, new
experiences, cultural interest, shopping.

According to the 'push' and 'pull' concept, Crompton (1979), push factors
explains the desire for travel while the pull motives have been used to explain
the actual destination choice. Nine motivations of leisure travelers were
identified and classified seven as socio-psychological or push motives and two
as cultural or pull motives. The seven push motives were, escape from a
perceived mundane environment, exploration and evaluation of self,

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relaxation, prestige, regression, enhancement of kinship relationships, and
facilitation of social interaction. The pull motives were novelty and education.

Maslow (1943) identified two motivational types: tension-reducing motives;

arousal-seeking motives. According to Maslow, there are five needs forming a
hierarchy, progressing from the lower to the higher needs. At the bottom are
the basic needs for food, water and air. Then, above them is the need for
safety, security, and protection. Maslow argued that if the lower needs are
fulfilled the individual would be motivated by needs of the next level of the
hierarchy. Cooper et al (2005) criticises Maslow's theory saying that why and
how Maslow selected the basic five needs remain unclear, although Page
(2003) feels that it has relevance in understanding how human action is
understandable and predictable compared to research which argues that human
behaviour is essentially irrational and unpredictable. Though much criticism
about Maslow's theory, the tourism industry has borrowed a lot from Maslow
because he provides a convenient set of containers that can be relatively
labeled and provide a useful framework for understanding psychological
motivational factors in tourism. Thus, for example, although the apparent
purpose of a trip may be for shopping, the underlying psychological
motivation may be to impress their neighbours and gain higher social status.

Iso-Ahola (1982) says that tourists will switch roles while on holiday, and that
over time different needs will arise. Single motivation may not always act as
the determining factor for travel. If within the holiday, the initial needs are
satisfied, other motivations might emerge. Indeed, it is congruent with
Maslow's theories of needs to argue that if initially there is a primary need for
relaxation while on a holiday, the satisfaction of that need will create
awareness of other needs such as exploration of place as a means of acquiring
a sense of belonging or to enable processes of self-actualisation to take place.

Dann (1981) has identified seven elements of tourist motivations: travel as a

response to what is lacking yet desired; destination pull in response to
motivational push; motivation as fantasy(engage in behaviour and activities
that are culturally unacceptable in their home environment like prostitution
and gambling); motivation as classified purpose(VFRs); motivational
typologies; motivation and tourist experiences; motivation as auto-definition
and meaning (the way in which tourist define their situations and respond to
them).[Page & Connell,2003].

P.Pearce (1988) as cited in Ryan (1997) lists five travel motivations which he
calls travel career ladder' where tourists develop varying motivations of
relaxation, stimulation, relationship, self-esteem and development, fulfillment.
In Pearce's model, the motivations listed can be divided into two categories.
The needs may be self-centered or directed at others. Thus, for example,
relaxation may be a solo exercise where the holiday-maker seeks a quiet

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restful time alone or it can be relaxation in the company of others, springing
from the need for external excitement and desire for novelty. Stimulation can
be self-directed which springs from the concern for own safety, or it can be
directed toward others arising out of the concern for other's safety.
Relationship can be self-directed which means giving love and affection and
maintaining relationships, or it can be directed at others which means
receiving affection, to be with group membership. Self-esteem and
development maybe self-directed like development of skills, special interests,
competence and mastery, or it may be directed at others like prestige, glamour
of travelling. Fulfilment is totally self-directed as it fulfils individual dreams,
understands oneself more and experience inner peace and harmony. There are
some criticisms against Pearce's travel motivations. For example, Pearce
argues that stimulation may be understood along a dimension of risk and
safety of self or others. However, it might be argued that there is a real and
distinctive difference between these two motivations.

Cohen (1972) as cited in Shaw & Williams (2002), draws attention to the fact
that all tourists are seeking some element of novelty and strangeness while, at
the same time, most also need to retain something familiar. How tourists
combine the demands for novelty with familiarity can in turn be used to derive
a typology. Cohen distinguished tourist using sociological principles into
organised mass tourist, individual mass tourists, explorer and drifter. They feel
that it is not based on any empirical data. In addition, these groups were also
differentiated along the lines of contact with the tourist industry, with mass
tourists being termed "institutionalised" and the more individualistic tourist
being regarded as non-institutionalised.

Smith (1977) provided a more detailed variant of Cohen's tourist typologies.

Smith (1977) identifies 7 categories of tourist who have been termed as
"interactional typologies": explorer, elite, off-beat, unusual, incipient mass,
mass, and charter.

Shaw & Williams (2002) opines that Plog's typology is based on asking
tourists about their real general "lifestyles" or value systems, often using
perceptual information derived from interviews. Plog's (1987) typology can be
used to examine tourist motivations as well as attitudes to particular
destinations and modes of travel. In terms of the latter, a tourist typology
developed for the American Express (1989) has categorised travellers as:
adventurers, worriers, dreamers, economisers and indulgers- all of whom
viewed their travel experiences in different ways.

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2.2.2 Categories of Motivation

1. Physical Motivation : those related to refreshment of body and mind, health

purposes sport and pleasure. This group of motivators are seen to be related to
those activities which will reduce tension.

2. Cultural Motivation : those identified by the desire to see and know more about
other cultures, to find out about the natives of a country, their lifestyle, music, art,
folklore, dance, etc.

3. Interpersonal Movtivation : this group includes a desire to meet new people,

visit friends or relatives, and to seek new and different experiences. Travel is an
escape from routine relationships with friends or neighbours or the home
environment or it is used for spiritual reasons.

4. Status and Prastige Motivation : these include a desire for continuation of

education (i.e. personal development, ego enhancement and sensual indulgence).
Such motivators are seen to be concerned with the desire for the desire for
recognition and attention from others, in order to boost the personal ego. This
category also includes personal development in relation to the pursuit of hobbies
and education.

2.2.3 Categories of Travel Motivation

1. Pleasure Travel Motivation

Pleasure is what they look for the tourists in the holiday event, many of the travelers
who travel excursions or trips because their personal desire to be at least
momentarily separated from their busy life. They use the time off to travel the form;
visiting tourist objects, refreshing, relaxation, and follow other tourist activities.

2. Business Travel Motivation

The main purpose of this trip is a business trip but did not cover the possibility to do
a tourist visit when business task has been completed, which meant business here is
to attend a meeting held in other countries as a representative of a company or
organization and not to make a living in the purpose country.

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2.3 The Elements of Tourism System Model

2.3.1 Tourist
One who travels for a period of 24 hours or more in a place other than that in the
which he or she usually Resides, Whose purpose could be classified as leisure
(Whether for recreation, health, sports, holiday, study or religion), business, family,
mission or meeting.

2.3.2 Geographical Elements

- Tourist Generating Region

The tourist generating region (TGR) exemplifies the area breeding markets for
tourism, and practically acts as the push force to motivate and stimulate i.e., set off
and encourage travel.

- Transit Route Region

It is this region where the tourist tries to seek information, goes for reservations and
makes the departure. This region is basically related to the demand aspect of travel
and tourism.

- Tourist Destination Region

The tourist destination region (TDR) symbolizes the sharp end of tourism and is,
indeed, the raison d etre for tourism. The pull force of the destinations activates the
whole tourism system besides begetting demand for travel in the tourist generating
region.

2.3.3 Tourism Industry

Tourism Industry is a group of businesses that provide services and facilities for
consumption by tourists.

1. Transport company as a conductor from the tourist for a review can do Travel From
Origins of Travelers Up Into Tourist Destination Region.

2. Tourist attraction is a place of interest where tourists visit, typically for its inherent
or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty,
offering leisure, adventure and amusement.

3. Accommodation is one of the basic needs for any tourism activity. Travelers and
tourists need lodging for rest, while they are on a tour. Accommodation in the form
of low budget lodges/hotels to world class luxury hotels is available at all the major
tourist destinations to provide the tourist a home away from home. These are
establishments that provide a place for the tourist to stay i.e. lodging facilities which
are paid for the duration of the stay by the tourist.

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4. Promotion And Distribution tourism industry as a complement of Tourist
Attractions, because of the sale could influence the increase in tourist arrivals. This
promotion was made to market and introduce the uniqueness of the existing
Tourism Attractions.

5. Tour Operator & Whole Seller as a maker and seller of travel packages carried by
tourists. Tour Operator & Whole seller also plays an important role in promoting the
tourist destination area.

2.4 Costumer Behaviour and Tourism Demand

2.4.1 Demand for Inbound Tour is Influences by a Number of Factors

1. Needs
The need is fundamental inherent in a person. There is an effort in which the person
is a boost of factors need there is in him. The purpose of this need to create a fun,
fulfilling life and all things related to what is cool. Necessity is meant here is the
need to travel, where the travel is a necessity for most people who want to know the
life and the natural conditions in other countries.

2. Desire
Desire is similar to the need, but desire is not a matter of urgency or necessity to
make or carry out that desire. The desire came from the emerging influence of an
outside person and could have an impact on that person's personal self and the
impact it is the reason to achieve what is desired.

3. Available of Time and Money

Things influence of a sightseeing trip activity is dependent on the availability of
free time and money. Although it appears the desire to travel, but when the lack of
availability of free time and enough money as the cost to travel, hence the desire to
carry out the activities that will not be achieved.

4. Image
Imaging is greatly affected tourist arrivals. imaging in question, namely, how the
image of which is owned by a tourist destination. The more visits made by tourists
to a tourist destination, it depends on the image generated by the destination area.

5. Perception and Attitude

Attitudes, perceptions and motivations important influence in the decision to
perform inbound tour. It takes a positive impression against a form of service in
tourist destinations. This perception originated from the experiences. In general,
people who have never travel to a tourist destination, must draw on the experience
of friends, acquaintances or people who have to travel to the area. From there, the
perception or impression that is told by the people who've made the journey. It is
affecting the motivation of the person to visit the tourist destination in question. So

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 in order to generate a positive impression, of course, the attitude and the services
provided by tourism players in the tourist destination must be able to satisfy
travelers.

2.4.2 The Inbound Tour Consumer Decision is Involving Four Basic Elements

1. Energizer of Demand
These are the forces of motivation which lead a tourist to decide upon visiting an
attraction or going on a holiday.

2. Filterers of Demand
Even though motivation may exist, demand is constrained or channeled due to
economic (e.g. discretionary income), sociological (reference groups, cultural
values) psychological factors (perception of risk, personality attitudes).

3. Affecters
The consumer will have developed ideas of destination, product or organization
from its promotion, development of image and information which is generally
available (learning, attitudes, association). These effecters will heighten or
dampen the various energizers which lead to consumer action.

4. Roles
The important role is that of the family member who is normally involved in the
different task of the purchase process and the final resolving of the decisions
about when, where, and how the group will consume the tourism product (family
influence, cultural influence).

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 Chapter III
France as Tourist Generating Region

3.1 History of France

France is an independent nation in Western Europe and the center of a large overseas
administration. It is the third-largest European nation (after Russia and Ukraine).

In ancient times France was part of the Celtic territory known as Gaul or Gallia. Its
present name is derived from the Latin Francia, meaning "country of the Franks," a Germanic
people who conquered the area during the 5th century, at the time of the fall of the Western
Roman Empire. It became a separate country in the 9th century.

Since the 17th century, France has played a major role in European and world events.
In the 20th century, it has experienced numerous crises, including the devastation of two
world wars, political and social upheavals, and the loss of a large empire in Indochina,
Algeria, and West and Equatorial Africa. It has, however, survived and emerged from the
ruins of World War II to become an important world supplier of agricultural and industrial
products and a major partner in the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY (EC, or Common Market).

Today, the term metropolitan France refers to the mainland departments and
CORSICA, a large island located in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Italy that has been
a part of France since 1768. France has six overseas departments: FRENCH GUIANA in
South America; GUADELOUPE and MARTINIQUE in the West Indies; MAYOTTE, an
island formerly part of the Comoros, located in the Indian Ocean; REUNION, an island in the
Indian Ocean; and SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON, islands off the east coast of Canada.
In addition, France has numerous small possessions called overseas territories. These include
a group of widely scattered islands in the South Pacific, which are administered from Tahiti
and are known collectively as FRENCH POLYNESIA; FRENCH SOUTHERN AND
ANTARCTIC TERRITORIES; NEW CALEDONIA and WALLIS AND FUTUNA
ISLANDS; and many small islands in the southern oceans, including the Kerguelen and
Crozet archipelagos and the islands of St. Paul and Amsterdam (Indian Ocean). The overseas
departments and territories are represented in the French National Assembly.

3.2 Geography of France

Geographic coordinates: 46.00E and 2.00N

Total areas: 673,801 km2 (Whole territory of the French Republic, including all the
overseas departments and territories

Elevation extremes: Lowest point: Rhne river delta -2 m, Highest point: Mont
Blanc 4,808 m

Natural resources: Coal, ironore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash,
feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, fish, gold

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 Natural hazards: Flooding, avalanches, midwinter windstorms, drought, forest fires in
the south near the Mediterranean

Land use (2007): Arable land (33.40%), permanent crops (1.83%), other (64.77%)

Flora and Fauna

An open grassland during the Pleistocene Ice Age, France gradually became forested
as the glaciers retreated starting in 10,000 BC. Clearing of the primeval forests began
in Neolithic times, but they were still fairly extensive until major clearing began in
medieval times.

By the 15th century, France had largely been denuded of its forests and was forced to
rely on Scandinavia and their North American colonies for lumber. Significant
remaining forested areas are in the Gascony region and north in the Alsace-Ardennes
area. The Ardennes Forest was the scene of extensive fighting in both world wars.

In prehistoric times, France was home to large predatory animals such as wolves and
brown bears, as well as herbivores such as elk. The larger fauna have disappeared
outside of the Pyrenees Mountains where bears live as a protected species. Smaller
animals include martens, wild pigs, foxes, weasels, bats, rodents, rabbits, and assorted
birds.

The upper central part of this scene is dominated by the Paris Basin, which consists of
a layered sequence of sedimentary rocks. Fertile soils over much of the area make
good agricultural land. The Normandy coast to the upper left is characterized by high,
chalk cliffs, while the Brittany coast (the peninsula to the left) is highly indented
where deep valleys were drowned by the sea, and the Biscay coast to the southwest is
marked by flat, sandy beaches.

Boundaries

Land boundaries:

Total: 3,966.2 kilometres (2,464.5 mi)

2,751 kilometres (1,709 mi) (metropolitan), 1,205 kilometres (749 mi) (French
Guiana) 10.2 kilometres (6.3 mi) (Saint Martin)

Border countries:

Andorra 55 kilometres (34 mi), Belgium 556 kilometres

(345 mi), Germany 418 kilometres (260 mi), Italy 476 kilometres
(296 mi), Luxembourg 69 kilometres (43 mi), Monaco 6 kilometres
(3.7 mi), Spain 646 kilometres (401 mi), Switzerland 525 kilometres (326 mi)
(metropolitan)

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 Brazil 649 kilometres (403 mi), Suriname 556 kilometres (345 mi), 1,183
kilometres (735 mi) (French Guiana)

Sint Maarten 10.2 kilometres (6.3 mi) (Saint Martin)

Coastline: 3,427 kilometres (2,129 mi) (metropolitan), 378 kilometres (235 mi)
(French Guiana), 306 kilometres (190 mi) (Guadeloupe), 350 kilometres (220 mi)
(Martinique), 207 kilometres (129 mi) (Runion)

Maritime claims:

Territorial sea: 12 nmi (22.2 km; 13.8 mi)

Contiguous zone: 24 nmi (44.4 km; 27.6 mi)

Exclusive economic zone: 200 nmi (370.4 km; 230.2 mi); does not apply to
the Mediterranean

Continental shelf: 200 metres (660 ft) depth or to the depth of exploitation

3.3 Social life and Culture

France, officially known as the French Republic, is a sovereign state in Western
Europe. The Republic also spans several territories overseas. The European area of France
borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Spain and Andorra.
France is often referred to as lHexagon (The Hexagon) due to its shape.

Capital City: Paris

Other Cities: Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse and Nice
Population: 66.7 million
Size: 643,801 km2
Official Language: French
Climate: Generally oceanic, however the South of France is typically warmer year
round whilst the French Alps and other mountainous regions have an alpine climate.
Life Expectancy: 79 years (male), 85 years (female)
Dialling Code: +33
Emergency Number: 112
Currency: Euro
Symbol:
ISO 4217 Code: EUR
Central Bank: European Central Bank
Currency Sub-Units: Cent = 1/100 of 1 Euro.
Denominations: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500.
Coins: 1c, 2c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, 1, 2.

15
Spoken Language

French is a Romance language, descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman
Empire. It is an official language in 29 countries. A 2015 estimate indicates that there are 77
110 million native speakers, with approximately 270 million people able to speak the
language worldwide. French is an official language of many international organisations
including the United Nations, the European Union (it is the fourth most widely spoken
mother tongue of the EU), NATO, the WTO (World Trade Organisation), the International
Olympic Committee, and the ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross). In 2011
Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language in the context of
business, behind only English and Mandarin Chinese. Whilst French is the main spoken
language, other languages are used as second languages in certain regions, though these
languages are given no legal recognition. Such languages include German dialects,
predominantly in Eastern provinces, Flemish in the north-east and Breton, which is mainly
spoken in the north-west.

Written Language

The French language is based on the same 26 letter Latin alphabet that is used in the
English language, however there are an additional five diacritics and two ligatures. The letters
w and k are not used particularly often, except in loanwords or regional words. The
earliest recorded example of written French is in the Oaths of Strasbourg from 842- this is
written in an early form of French called Romance or Gallo-Romance. In 1989, then French
Prime Minister Michel Rocard appointed the Conseil suprieur de la langue franaise
(Superior Council of the French Language) to introduce the most recent round of reforms to
the written French language. An example of these reforms include joining written numbers
with hyphens (huit-cent-mille-cinq-cent-et-un = 800,501), These reforms are commonly
known as rectifications orthographiques and were published on 6 December 1990.

Culture, Etiquette & Customs

The culture of France is rich and varied, which is a point of national pride. The term
le mtissage culturel refers to the cultural blending present in France, which can be
compared to the US concept of the melting-pot.

Mainland France is devised of thirteen separate administrative regions (known

as dpartement in French), and each possesses its own unique culture. However, since the
Renaissance, a centralization of culture has been promoted, centering around Paris and, to a
lesser extent, other major urban areas. This has coincided with a movement of the French
people from the countryside to urban areas.

16
 There is a noticeable difference between the rural and urban areas of France. La
France Profonde (Deep France) is a term used to describe the aspects of French culture in
rural France that are not present in urban areas such as Paris. Terroir is an expression applied
to regional produce, originally wine and coffee. The unique environmental contexts and
farming practices are said to give particular products, including, but not limited to, chocolate,
tobacco and hops, a certain character that is unique to the region of production. France holds
a rich culinary tradition that is well known worldwide. Indeed, UNESCO added French
gastronomy to its list of the worlds intangible cultural heritage. The cuisine of France is
varied, but the country is particularly well known for cheese and wine production. France is
the third largest producer of cheese in the world (after the USA and Germany) and consumes
more cheese per capita than any other country. France also produces more wine than any
other country, and is home to well-known grape varieties such as chardonnay and pinot noir.

Arriving on time for dinner is very important in France. It is expected that you should
call and explain that you are delayed if you are due to arrive over 10 minutes late for an
appointment. You should start eating when invited to, i.e. bon appetit. Cross your knife and
fork on your plate with the fork over the knife if you have not finished eating and do not rest
your elbows on the table. Your arms should be visible and not resting in your lap. Flowers
and wine are often given as gifts. Flowers should be given in odd-numbered bunches, but not
in a bunch of thirteen which is considered to be bad luck. Wine should always be of the
highest quality. Gifts tend to be opened on receipt rather than being set aside to be opened
later.

Clothing

France is renowned as a leading hub of fashion. Indeed, Paris is home to many

renowned fashion designers including Chanel, Dior and Yves Saint Laurent, amongst many
others. The Paris Fashion Week is held biannually and is renowned as one of the Big 4
fashion weeks, along with London, Milan and New York. French business attire is stylish and
understated: men should wear dark-coloured, formal suits. Women can also wear business
suits or formal dresses in soft colours. First impressions are largely influenced by appearance.
Accessories should be of high quality.

Religion

Freedom of religion is a very important concept in France: it is guaranteed through the

1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The French Republic is based on
the principle of lacit, or freedom of conscience. Christianity is the largest religion in France,
however the next largest group in French society is those who profess to have no religion.
Various studies claim that Islam accounts for between 5% 10% of the French population,
with Judaism being the next largest religion thereafter.

17
Business introductions

There are high levels of formality involved with doing business in France. When
meeting someone for the first time, or speaking to superiors, Monsieur or Madame
should be used. Handshakes tend to be brisk and light, with only a couple of up and down
movements. Appointments should be made at least two weeks in advance, in writing, by
telephone, or by email. A secretary will often handle appointment making for senior
individuals. You should telephone immediately if you expect to be delayed to a meeting.
Attention to detail is vital. Business cards are exchanged after initial greetings, and whilst it is
not a necessity to translate a business card into French, doing so is seen as being attentive.
Include advanced academic qualifications on business cards: a high level of importance is
placed on such qualifications.

Business meetings

In France, it is important to keep professional life and private life separate. There may
be small talk at the beginning of meetings, however this should remain professional, avoiding
questions about the personal lives of others. The process of negotiation and sales in France is
often conducted slowly. Business is conducted on a hierarchical basis and decisions tend to
be made by more senior officials in companies. You should expect there to be a lot of
questions asked about any proposals, as decision making is often meticulous, rather than
being off the back of high pressure sales tactics. Accordingly such tactics should be avoided.
Meetings are very important when leading to final decisions being made; however, it is very
rare that decisions will be made at meetings. Once a decision has eventually been made, a
comprehensive contract will likely be drawn up.

Managing Employees in France

Hierarchical structures are a prominent feature of business in France. Often, senior

staff, such as general managers, will have secretaries who deal with other employees. The
PDG (prsident-directeur gnral) will lead a French company and will be responsible for
key decision-making. The PDG captures the two separate English roles of chairman of the
board of directors, as well as the CEO. Many managers in France are graduates of
the Grandes coles, a meticulously selective group of higher education establishments. It is
possible to work upwards through the hierarchy of a business to become a manager but this is
a rarer route. Because many managers are graduates of the Grandes coles, management in
France takes a more intellectual approach rather than a pragmatic approach. The formulation
and implementation of rational decisions are seen as more important than motivating staff, for
example. Despite the hierarchical structure in French businesses, successful management is
dependent on relationships with colleagues. It is important to remember that business
relationships in France are kept strictly professional. Discussions can often feature debates

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and it is important to clearly explain your point. Well thought out rebuttals to opposing points
of view are appreciated, as are well-structured and considered debates.

Relocation advice

France is a founding member of the European Union, and as such relocating to the
country from other countries within the EU is relatively straight-forward. France is a very
popular destination for expats, with its strong economy and legendary culture and cuisine
acting as major draws. There is a large expatriate community in France and approximately 17
million British citizens visit the country each year. Advice issued by the government with
regards to moving to France can be found at https://www.gov.uk/guidance/living-in-france.

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 3.3.1 Economy of France
Manufacturing
In the 1990s manufacturing employed between 15% and 20% of the labor force. The
principal industrial concentrations are around Paris, in the Nord&endash;Pas-de-Calais and
Lorraine coalfields, in the Lyon and Saint-tienne complex of the Rhne valley, and in the
new industrial centers that have emerged in the English Channel ports of Dunkerque and Le
Havre and the Mediterranean industrial complex at Fos (west of Marseille) because of the use
of imported raw materials. Many French business enterprises are small to moderate in size,
although the competitive business climate created by membership in the EU has forced many
companies to be restructured and combined to form powerful corporations.
The leading manufacturing industries are metallurgy, mechanical and electrical
engineering, chemicals, and textiles. France is one of Europe's leading producers of steel and
aluminum. These and imported metals are fabricated into a wide range of mechanical and
electrical equipment marketed throughout the world. French locomotives, turbines,
electronics equipment, nuclear power plants and submarines, and television systems are
famous for their innovative design, as are French automobiles, such as Citron, Peugeot, and
Renault, and French aircraft, such as Mirage, Concorde, and Airbus. In the 1990s France
ranked fourth in the world (after Japan, the United States, and Germany) in production of
passenger cars and third (after Japan and the United States) in output of commercial vehicles.
A wide range of chemicals, including perfumes, pharmaceuticals, nitric acid, sulfuric acid,
and fertilizers, are also produced. The French textile and garment industry has long been
known for its high fashion, although in recent years the industry has lost many former
markets to lower-priced imports from countries with lower labor costs.
Mining
Less than 1% of the labor force are engaged in mining. France has two principal
coalfields the Lorraine coalfield near Metz, which is an extension into France of the Saar
coalfield; and the Nord-Pas de Calais coalfield around Lille, which is an extension into
France of Belgium's Sambre-Meuse coalfields and is similarly thin-seamed, faulted, and
difficult to work. Since the 1950s many inefficient mines in the north and in the Massif
Central have been closed, and coal output has declined by about 75%.
Lorraine has the largest iron ore deposits in Western Europe, but the deposits have a
low iron content and are in less demand than higher-grade imported ores. Large bauxite
deposits (from which aluminum is produced) are mined in the south; France is one of
Europe's leading producers of bauxite. Potash deposits used in the chemical industry are
extensive in the vicinity of Mulhouse. Natural-gas deposits have been worked since 1951
near Pau, close to the Spanish border. The natural gas has a high sulfur content, and France is
a major European supplier of this mineral, which is extracted at Lacq. Small amounts of
petroleum are produced at the Parentis oil field in the southwest, and the search for petroleum
deposits continues off the coast of Brittany and in the Bay of Biscay.

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 Power
France's fuel resources are inadequate. The country has to import about three-quarters
of the fuel, mainly petroleum, needed to meet its requirements. However, production of
electrical energy is significant, with nuclear energy representing about 75% of the total.
France is the world's second-largest supplier of nuclear power (after the United States).
Hydroelectric plants operate on the Isre, Durance, Rhine, Rhne, and Dordogne rivers. A
tidal power plant is located on the Rance River in Brittany.
Agriculture and Fishing
France is the leading agricultural nation of Western Europe, and about 7% of the labor
force are engaged in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Three-fifths of the land area is used for
agriculture; about one-third is cultivated; one-quarter is used as meadow and pasture. Since
the end of World War II, agricultural policy has been directed toward modernization of
agriculture, including mechanization of farms, raising productivity per hectare, and
consolidating numerous small holdings into larger, more efficient farms.
Although the agricultural sector employs only a small percentage of the workforce, it
exercises a considerable amount of political influence. French farmers have traditionally been
dependent on government subsidies, and demands by EU trading partners that these subsidies
be reduced met with strong resistance from France in the early 1990s. A compromise was
eventually reached, which cleared the way for the signing of the "Uruguay Round" trade pact
in 1994.
Livestock raising is an important source of farm income. Cattle are raised mainly in
the north and west; sheep and goats are raised primarily in the drier, more mountainous south
and east, and pigs and chickens are raised throughout the country. France is a leading
European producer of beef, veal, poultry, and dairy products.
Cereals and sugar beets are the most important crops. Wheat is widely grown in the
Paris Basin; other grains grown are barley, corn, and oats, which, with sugar beet factory
residues, are used primarily for livestock feed; some rice is grown under irrigation in the
Rhne delta. Wine is a major crop throughout the country, both the vin ordinaire, or everyday
wine, of the region and the appellation contrle, or quality-controlled, wines of such regions
as Burgundy, Champagne, Bordeaux, and Alsace. In recent years the government has tried to
discourage overproduction of wine. Flowers are grown for perfume at Grasse, and a wide
variety of fruits and vegetables are raised in the warm Mediterranean region for shipment to
northern and central Europe.
Fishing is locally important in the coastal areas of Normandy and Brittany, the
southern Atlantic coast, and the Mediterranean. Concarnea, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Lorient, and
La Rochelle are leading fishing ports.
Trade and Tourism
France is one of the leading exporters and importers on the foreign trade market. The
two principal ports are Marseille and its annexes on the Mediterranean, and Le Havre at the
mouth of the Seine on the English Channel. Most trade is conducted with other members of
the European Union. France is a major world tourist destination.

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 3.3.2 Tourist Destination in France

1. PALACE OF VERSAILLES

One of the best known tourist attractions in France, few places better showcase the
opulence and grandeur of the French monarchy better than the Palace of Versailles. Theres a
huge amount to see here, from stunning architecture to fabulous furniture, art and antiques
and of course the magnificent gardens. Audio headsets are available as are guided tours
probably a good idea given the sheer scale of the place.
2. MONT SAINT-MICHEL

If youre looking for a beautiful backdrop then this is hard to beat. A medieval town
perched atop an imposing rocky outcrop in Normandy, Mont Saint-Michel is one of the top
attractions in France and contains, amongst other things, a stunning Romanesque Abbey,
medieval church and historic battlements. Be warned however that the steep climb to Abbey
is pretty darn demanding.

3. WW1 BATTLEFIELDS

A sombre reflection of a terrible conflict, the World War One battlefields are among
the most frequented tourist destinations in France. From the trenches of the Somme to the
solemn cemeteries and memorials and through to the museums which tell the story of this sad
time, these places remain a startling reminder of a history that should not be forgotten.

4. MUSEE DU LOUVRE

One of the best known major visitor attractions in France, the Louvre contains world-
famous art, sculpture and artefacts from periods spanning over 2,000 years of history. Indeed,
the very building itself is a 12th century fort turned medieval palace! The truth is that theres
simply so much to see youll never stand a chance of seeing it in a day, so better just to plan
out those elements you wish to explore and keep it on your bucket list for another visit.

5. NIMES ARENA

Not a standard entry on a list of Frances top tourist attractions, we think Nimes Arena
deserves to be here every time. What is probably the best preserved Roman amphitheatre in
the world better even than Romes Colosseum Nimes Arena really gives you an idea of
what it would have been like for Roman spectators. It includes an interactive audio guide and
some detailed exhibits to really bring the experience to life.

6. CARCASSONNE

Boasting a fairy-tale-like appearance and a history dating back to before the Roman
era, Carcassonne is a picturesque fortified town in Frances Languedoc-Roussillon region.

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Theres a heap of great attractions to explore in Carcassonne, not least of which are the
incredible double fortified 3km walls which boasts 52 separate towers.

7. EIFFEL TOWER

Included on every top 10 list of visitor attractions in France, the Eiffel Tower
dominates the Parisian skyline and attracts thousands of tourists every day. This vast iron
monument was completed in 1889 based on the designs of engineer Gustave Eiffel, and is
one of the worlds most iconic landmarks. The most extensive views can be found on the
Towers 3rd level at 276m, which has its own separate lift from the second floor.

8. PONT DU GARD

Its sometimes easy to forget that France was a crucial part of the Roman Empire for
hundreds of years, and indeed Frances Roman heritage is often forgotten from lists of major
tourist attractions. And quite frankly thats a shame, as France boasts some of the best Roman
sites in the world. Among the most arresting of these is Pont du Gard, a wondrous and iconic
ancient bridge and aqueduct which is now a spectacular sight to visit.

9. D-DAY SITES

Scene of one of the largest and most crucial wartime operations in history, the
Normandy beaches and other D-Day sights are among the top tourist attractions of France.
Visitors can explore the beaches themselves, museums examining the history of D-Day as
well as the locations of operations by Special Forces and airborne troops. While youre in the
area, take the time to visit the Bayeux Tapestry, and check out the history of an invasion
which went the other way!

10. GROTTE DE FONT DE GAUME

France is home to some of the most fascinating prehistoric locations in the world and
among the most visited of these ageless attractions is Grotte de Font de Gaume. A prehistoric
cave in Les Eyzies, Grotte de Font de Gaume contains a series of fascinating wall paintings
from this period and forms part of the UNESCO World Heritage of the Vezere Valley and its
many prehistoric caves.

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 Chapter IV
Bali as a Tourist Destination Region of France Tourist

4.1 France Tourist Arrivals to Bali

YEAR TOURIST
2009 165.656
2010 160.913
2011 171.736
2012 184.273
2013 201.917
2014 208.537

4.2 Characteristics of French travelers who visited Bali

French Travelers is a party to come to Bali as their tourist destination. With the
famous Bali as a tourist destination with a unique culture will in addition have a
natural beauty that is breathtaking. By having this unique culture, French travelers
were interested in visiting Bali.
French travelers had come to Bali because they are so confident that Bali is a
safe tourist destination areas when visited. Instead of the perception they get so they
discount the strong encouragement or very deep to travel to Bali because Bali has
been very vouch for their travel trips especially Bali is known as the Cultural Tourism.
This being a taste of their interest to visit Bali.
French tourists who visit Indonesia on an average visit to the beach and
natural tourist attraction. They prefer to speak French rather than English even though
they are also able to speak English.

4.3 Promotion Bali As Tourism Destination Region of France

a. Festival Flavors and Reflection of Indonesia

Festival Flavors & Reflection of Indonesia held on 15-21 May 2017 at Opera
Ballroom, Intercontinental Le Grand Paris combined with cultural art and tourism
performances of Indonesia.

b. Salons du Tourisme

Consulate General of the Republic of Indonesia in collaboration with Visit

Indonesia Tourisme Officer (VITO) France promotes RI tourism in France's largest
tourism exhibition, "Salons du Tourisme", in the city of Toulouse on 24 to 26
February 2017.

c. Festival de Montoire

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 In July-August 2011, the Chairman of the Festival de Montoire invites
the Balinese arts groups to take part in major cultural attractions. The
Balinese arts team of about 30 percussion and dance artists will perform
at least 6 locations during the Festival de Montoire.

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 Chapter V
Conclusions and Suggestions

5.1 Conclusions
Inbound tourism is when a person from his/her home country travels to
another country for not less than 24 hours and not more than few months.
Tourist motivation can be defined "as the global integrating network of
biological and cultural forces which gives value and direction to travel choices,
behaviour and experience."
Categories of Motivation like Physical Motivation, Cultural Motivation,
Interpersonal Motivation, Status and Prestige Motivation.
Categories of Travel Motivation : Pleasure Travel Motivation, pleasure is
what they look for the tourists in the holiday event, many of the travelers who travel
excursions or trips because their personal desire to be at least momentarily separated
from their busy life and Bussiness Travel Motivation, the main purpose of this trip is a
business trip but did not cover the possibility to do a tourist visit when business task
has been completed, which meant business here is to attend a meeting held in other
countries as a representative of a company or organization and not to make a living in
the purpose country.
The Element of Tourist System Model is Tourist, Geographical Elements
(Tourist Generating Region, Transit Routes Region and Tourist Destination Region)
and Tourism Industry (Transport Company, Tourist Attracttion, Accomodation,
Promotion And Distribution, and Tour Operator & Whole Seller).

5.2 Suggestion
Bali Local government should have to promote learning about a foreign language
other than English, because English is the language of instruction and mostly just
tourists who visit only use their national language, such as France.

The government must also maintain and preserve the cultural tourist. So that in the
future, Bali could be a tourist destination is better than ever.

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 Bibliography

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-definition-of-inbound-tourism

www.disparda.baliprov.go.id

www.kemenpar.go.id

www.discoveryfrance.net

www.triphistoric.com/features/tourist-attractions-in-france/

http://bali.antaranews.com/berita/8867/bali-promosi-lewat-kesenian-ke-prancis

http://metrobali.com/2017/02/25/promosi-pariwisata-indonesia-di-toulouse-prancis/

http://metrobali.com/2017/04/15/promosi-sajian-masakan-indonesia-di-prancis/

https://www.triphistoric.com/features/tourist-attractions-in-france/

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