SECTION 04 20 00

UNIT MASONRY

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SECTION INCLUDES

A. <CMU-1>: Normal weight concrete masonry units in sizes shown on plans. Burnished Finish.

B. <CMU-2>: Normal weight concrete masonry units in sizes shown on plans. Glazed Finish.

C. <CMU-3>: Normal weight concrete masonry units in sizes shown on plans. Standard Finish.

D. Mortar and grout.

E. Joint reinforcement, anchorages, and accessories.

F. Mortar fill of steel door frames installed in masonry construction.

1.2 PRODUCTS FURNISHED AND INSTALLED (specified under other sections)

A. Section 05 12 00 - Structural Steel: Anchorages embedded in masonry.

B. Section 05 50 00 - Metal Fabrications: Loose steel lintels, fabricated steel items.

C. Section 07 21 00 Thermal Insulation

1.3 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Section 01 45 05 - Quality Control

B. Section 07 21 00 Thermal Insulation

C. Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealants

1.4 REFERENCES

A. ASTM C67 - Methods of Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile.

B. ASTM A82 - Cold-Drawn Steel Wire for Concrete Reinforcement.

C. ASTM A153 - Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware.

D. ASTM C90 - Hollow Load-Bearing Concrete Masonry Units.

E. ASTM C144 - Aggregate for Masonry Mortar.

F. ASTM C150 - Portland Cement.

G. ASTM C207 - Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes.

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 H. ASTM C270 - Mortar for Unit Masonry.

I. ASTM C 476, Specification for Grout for Masonry.

J. ASTM C 1019, Test method for Sampling and Testing Grout.

K. ASTM E119 - Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials.

L. International Building Code, 2006 Edition (IBC).

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Concrete Masonry Units supplied by manufacturers that are members of the National Concrete
Masonry Association (NCMA) are preferred.

B. Submit documentation indicating compliance with the requirements for the specified
compressive strength of masonry f 'm in accordance with one of the following subsections. This
testing shall be arranged by Contractor and performed by Owner's testing agency.
1. Prism Test Method: prism tests shall consist of testing sets of three prisms in accordance
with ASTM C1314:
a. In advance of start of construction: Minimum of one set of three (3) prisms
grouted solid and one set of three (3) un-grouted.
b. The compressive strength of masonry shall be calculated in accordance with ASTM
C1314.
2. Unit Strength Method: Determine the compressive strength of masonry, based on the
strength of the unit and type of mortar specified using Table 2, of ACI 530.1. The
following articles must be met:
a. Units conform to ASTM C55 or ASTM C 90 and are sampled and tested in
accordance with ASTM C 140.
b. Thickness of bed joints does not exceed 5/8 in.
c. For grouted masonry, the grout meets one of the following requirements:
1) Grout conforms to ASTM C 476.
2) Grout compressive strength equals fm but compressive strength is not less
than 2000 psi. Determine compressive strength in accordance with ASTM C
1019.

C. Do not use more than one manufacturer for each type of concrete block.

D. Do not change source or brands of mortar materials during the course of the work.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

A. Material and Equipment Submittals: Submit the following under provisions of Section 01 33 00:
1. Product Data: Submit mortar color manufacturer's product literature and installation
instructions.
2. Samples:
a. Colored Mortar: Submit duplicate samples of colored mortar indicating the range
of color variation expected in the work.
b. Masonry units of color, exposure and texture matching CARs sample.
3. Shop Drawings: Submit shop drawings for fabrication, bending, and placement of
reinforcement bars. Comply with Sections 01 33 00 and 03 30 00 of this specification.

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 Show bar schedules, diagrams of bent bars and other assemblies as required for
fabrication and placement of reinforcement for unit masonry work.

B. Quality Assurance Submittals: Submit the following under provisions of Section 01 40 00:
1. Certificates: Submit manufacturer's certificates that materials meet or exceed specified
requirements.
2. Test Reports:
a. Submit test reports indicating project identification name and number, testing
service name, mortar type, mortar mix proportions and materials, design
compressive strength at 28 days; compressive breaking strength and type of break
for both 7-day tests and 28-day tests.
b. Submit aggregate reports and mortar mix designs for review not less than 14 days
prior to beginning of masonry work. do not start masonry work until aggregate
test reports and mortar mix designs have been reviewed by the Structural CAR.
c. Submit pre-construction prism test reports for concrete masonry units prior to
starting masonry work. Submit construction prism test reports immediately after
testing.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Cold Weather Construction:

1. Do not lay masonry when outside air temperature is below 40 F or expected to fall
below 40 F, unless measures are in place and followed for heating and protecting
masonry according to cold weather construction procedures defined in ACI 530.1.

B. Hot Weather Construction:

1. Implement the following when ambient air temperature exceeds 100 F. or 90 F. with a
wind velocity greater than 8 mph:
a. Maintain sand piles in a damp. Loose condition.
b. Provide necessary conditions and equipment to produce mortar having a
temperature below 120 F.
c. Maintain mortar and grout temperature below 120 F.
d. Flush mixer, mortar transport container, and mortar boards with cool water before
they come into contact into mortar ingredients or mortar.
e. Maintain mortar consistency by re-tempering with cool water.
f. Use mortar within 2 hours of initial mixing.
2. When ambient temperature exceeds 115 F. or exceeds 105 F. with a wind velocity
greater than 8 mph:
a. Implement the requirements of paragraph 1 above and,
b. Shade materials and mixing equipment from direct sunlight
c. Use cool mixing water for mortar and grout
d. Ice is permitted in the mixing water prior to use. Do not permit ice to be present
in the mixing water when added to the other mortar or grout materials
3. When the daily mean temperature exceeds 100 F. or exceeds 90 F. with a wind velocity
greater than 87 mph, fog spray all newly constructed masonry until damp, at least three
times a day until the masonry is three days old.

C. Protect masonry walls from excessive moisture after laying. Cover tops of walls with weather
resistive membrane when work is not in progress.

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1.8 RECYCLING CONSTRUCTION WASTE

A. Procedures: Separate recyclable waste from other waste materials, trash, and debris. Separate
recyclable waste by type at Project site to the maximum extent practical.

B. Packaging:
1. Cardboard and Boxes: Break down packaging into flat sheets. Bundle and store in a dry
location.
2. Polystyrene Packaging: Separate and bag materials.
3. Pallets: As much as possible, require deliveries using pallets to remove pallets from
Project site. For pallets that remain on-site, break down pallets into component wood
pieces and comply with requirements for recycling wood.
4. Crates: Break down crates into component wood pieces and comply with requirements
for recycling wood.

1.9 DISPOSAL OF WASTE

A. General: Except for items or materials to be salvaged, recycled, or otherwise reused, remove
waste materials from Project site and legally dispose of them in a landfill or incinerator
acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Except as otherwise specified, do not allow waste materials that are to be disposed to
accumulate on-site.

C. Remove and transport debris in a manner that will prevent spillage on adjacent surfaces and
areas.

D. Disposal: Transport waste materials off Owner's property and legally dispose of them.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PRODUCTS GENERAL

A. For all products listed in the following sections, subject to compliance with listed requirements,
available products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, those
listed within each paragraph.

2.2 MORTAR MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C150, normal-Type I; gray color. Provide white portland cement if,
and where colored mortar is required.

B. Mortar Aggregate: ASTM C144, standard masonry type; clean, dry, protected against
dampness, freezing, and foreign matter.

C. Hydrated Lime: ASTM C207, Type S.

D. Water: Clean and potable.

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2.3 CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS

A. General:
1. Provide special shapes for lintels, corners, jambs, movement joints, headers, bonding,
and other special conditions.
a. Provide square-edged units for outside corners, unless otherwise indicated.
b. Masonry Lintels: Prefabricated or built-in-place bond beam concrete masonry units
with reinforcing bars placed as indicated and filled with coarse grout.
2. Faces of units exposed in finished work shall be of uniform color and texture and free of
chips, cracks, or other imperfections detracting from appearance of a sample wall when
viewed from a distance of 15 feet.
3. Integral Water Repellent: Provide units for exterior exposure which are made with liquid
polymeric, integral water-repellent admixture that shall not reduce flexural bond strength.
Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:
a. Addiment, Inc; Block Plus W-10, or equal.
b. Grace Construction Products.; Dry-Block, or equal.
c. Master Builders, Inc.; Rheopel, or equal.
4. Defective Units: Referenced masonry unit standards may allow a certain percentage of
units to contain chips, cracks, or other defects exceeding limits stated in the standard.
Do not use units where such defects will be exposed in the completed Work.

B. Smooth-faced Hollow Load Bearing Units: ASTM C90-11; normal weight; minimum 125 pcf,
moisture controlled, manufactured from sand and gravel aggregate conforming to ASTM C33.
1. Sizes: as indicated on Drawings.
2. Bond Pattern: Running bond.
3. Joints: Concave joints.

C. Finishes:
1. <CMU-1>: White units to match Architects Sample. Burnished Finish.
2. <CMU-2>: White units to match Architects Sample. Glazed Finish.
3. <CMU-3>: White units to match Architects Sample. Standard Finish for paint.

2.4 MIXES

A. Mortar for Walls and Partitions: ASTM C270, Type M or Type S.

1. Use mortar type proportioned by volume, with minimum average compressive strength as
follows: (Use no masonry cement.)
a. Above Grade: Type S; 1800 psi.
b. Below Grade: Type M; 2500 psi.

B. Grout for Reinforced Masonry: ASTM C476.

C. Grout for Glazed Masonry:

2.5 MORTAR COLOR

A. Colored Mortar Pigments: Natural and synthetic iron oxides and chromium oxides, compounded
for use in mortar mixes.
1. Use only pigments with record of satisfactory performance in masonry mortars.
2. Acceptable manufacturers and products:
a. Centurion; Centurion Pigments, or equal.
b. Rockwood Industries, Davis Colors; True Tone Mortar Colors, or equal.
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 c. Solomon Grind-Chem Services, Inc.; SGS Mortar Colors, or equal.
d. Prism Pigments, division of Spec Materials, Inc, or equal.
3. Concrete Masonry Unit Color: Color to match Ground Face (burnished) concrete masonry
units, as selected by CAR from manufacturers standard.

2.6 MORTAR AND GROUT MIXING

A. Thoroughly mix grout ingredients in quantities needed for immediate use in accordance with
ASTM C476, 3,000 psi. Masonry cement not permitted.

B. Add mortar color in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Provide uniformity of mix and
coloration. Do not retemper colored mortar.

C. Do not use admixtures to prevent mortar or grout from freezing.

D. If water is lost by evaporation, retemper within two hours of mixing. Do not retemper mortar
after two hours of mixing.

2.7 REINFORCEMENT AND ANCHORAGES

A. Single Wythe Joint Reinforcement: Truss and Ladder type; hot-dipped galvanized to comply
with ASTM A153, Class B-2 coating; 9 gage side rods and cross ties. Provide preformed corners
and tees.
1. A.A. Wire Products, Blok-Trus AA600, or equal.
2. Dur-O-Wal, Inc., Dur-O-Wal Truss, or equal.
3. Hohman and Barnard, Inc., Lox-All No. 125 Truss-Mesh, or equal.
4. Masonry Reinforcing Corporation of America, Series 300, Single Wythe Truss Type, or
equal.

B. Multiple Wythe Joint Reinforcement: Ladder type; hot-dipped galvanized to comply with ASTM
A153, Class B-2 coating; 9 gage side rods and cross ties.
1. A.A. Wire Products, 3 Wire Blok-Trus AA610, or equal.
2. Dur-O-Wal, Inc., Dur-O-Wal Cavity Truss Trirod, or equal.
3. Masonry Reinforcing Corporation of America, Series 300, Three Wire Cavity Truss Type,
or equal.

C. Adjustable Wall Ties (Veneer to Concrete Block): Truss type reinforcement for back-up wyth
with 3/16" diameter adjustable wall tie eye sections at 16" oc. Provide 3/16" dia. rectangular
type ties with pintle legs which allow up to 1-1/4" misalignment in bed joints. When pintle is
inserted in eye, maximum allowable "play" is 1/16". Hot dipped galvanized to comply with
ASTM A153, Class B-2 coating having a minimum of 1.50 oz. of zinc per sq. ft.
1. Dur-O-Wal, Inc., #9 Dur-O-Eye, or equal.
2. Hohman and Barnard, Inc., Lox-All No. 170 Adjustable Eye-Wire, or equal.

D. Rigid Wall Anchors (Intersecting Masonry Walls Erected Separately): Rigid steel anchors
fabricated from 1/4" x 1-1/2" bar stock, at least 2'-0" long with ends turned up 2"; hot dipped
galvanized to comply with ASTM A153, Class B-2 coating.
1. A.A. Wire Products.
2. Dur-O-Wall, Inc.
3. Hohman and Barnard, Inc.
4. Masonry Reinforcing Corporation of America.

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 E. Trapezoidal Ties and Column Anchors (Concrete Block Masonry Secured to Columns): 1/4"
diameter brite galvanized steel anchors welded to steel column, and 1/4" steel beam ties, hot
dipped galvanized to comply with ASTM A153, Class B-2 coating; size for 8" concrete block.
1. A.A. Wire Products.
2. Dur-O-Wall, Inc.
3. Hohman and Barnard, Inc.
4. Masonry Reinforcing Corporation of America.

F. Dovetail Triangular ties: 12 gage anchors with standard anchor slot, hot dipped galvanized to
comply with ASTM A153, Class B-2 coating. Provide ASTM A82, 1/4" diameter triangular
dovetail anchor.
1. A.A. Wire Products.
2. Dur-O-Wall, Inc.
3. Hohman and Barnard, Inc.
4. Masonry Reinforcing Corporation of America.

G. Reinforcing Steel: Type specified in Section 03 30 00; size as shown on Drawings.

2.8 INSULATION

A. Typical wall insulation: <INSUL BD-1> as specified in Section 07 21 00.

2.9 MASONRY FLASHINGS

A. Rubberized Asphalt Flashing Membrane: Self-adhering, preformed rubberized asphalt integrally

bonded to polyethylene sheeting. Minimum 0.040 inches thick with 0.008 inch polyethylene
film.
1. W.R. Grace and Co., "Perm-A-Barrier Wall Flashing," or equal.
2. Carlisle Coating and Waterproofing; CCW-705 TWF, or equal.
3. W. R. Meadows; Air-Shield, or equal.

2.10 CAVITY VENTS

A. Basis of design product: CavClear Weep Vents as manufactured by Archovations, Inc., PO Box 241,
Hudson, WI 54016, (888) 436-2620.

B. Description: Non-woven mesh with M-notched bottom.

C. Color selected by Project Architect to match mortar.

D. Size: 3/8 inch by 3-1/2 inches high by 7-1/2 inches wide to match mortar joints.

2.11 ACCESSORIES

A. Bond Breaker Strips: 15 lb., asphalt saturated felt building paper.

B. Nailing Strips: Western softwood, preservative treated, sized to masonry joints.

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 C. Weep Holes: Cotton rope weeps.

D. Control Joint Resilient Keys: Shall be a poly vinyl chloride section with a minimum Shore
Durometer hardness of 80. Shear section is 5/8 thick with 5/16 thick flanges. Total width shall
be not less than 2-3/8.
1. Durowal - Rapid Poly Joint (PVC) regular, or equal.
2. AA Wire Products - Blok-tite, or equal.

E. Highlight Sealer: Acrylic highlight sealer recommended by ground face (burnished) masonry unit
manufacturer

2.12 COVE BASE AT RESTROOMS

A. Provide the following at the baes where the concrete floor meets the CMU wall at the entire
perimeter of both public restrooms:
1. Schluter-DILEX Pre-colored aluminum profile with integrated trapezoidperforated
anchoring leg, connected at a 90-degree angle by a coveshaped section with 3/8 inch (10
mm) radius that forms the visible surface.
a. Finish: G Grey: Color-coated aluminum.

PART 3 - EXECUTION
1

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Verify items provided by other Sections of work are properly sized and located.

B. Establish lines, elevations, and coursing. Protect from disturbance.

C. Provide temporary bracing during erection of masonry work. Maintain in place until building
structure provides permanent bracing.

3.2 COURSING

A. Place masonry to lines and elevations indicated.

B. Maintain masonry courses to uniform width. Make vertical and horizontal joints equal and of
uniform thickness.

C. Lay concrete masonry units in running bond. Course one block unit and one mortar joint to
equal 8".
1. Form flush mortar joints in exposed surfaces of Ground Face (burnished) units. Flush cut
joints, not tooled.
2. Rake and tuck-point mortar joints for Glazed units with a polymer modified mortar.
3. Strike all mortar joints full and flush for surfaces to receive paint.

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3.3 PLACING AND BONDING

A. Lay masonry in full bed of mortar, properly jointed with other work. Buttering corners of joints,
and deep or excessive furrowing of mortar joints are not permitted. Bevel furrowed mortar
away from cavity.

B. Fully bond intersections, and external and internal corners.

C. Do not shift or tap masonry units after mortar has taken initial set. Where adjustment must be
made, remove mortar and replace.

D. Remove excess mortar.

E. Perform jobsite cutting with proper tools to provide straight unchipped edges. Take care to
prevent breaking masonry unit corners or edges.

F. Isolate masonry partitions from vertical structural framing members with a control joint.

3.4 REINFORCEMENT AND ANCHORAGES

A. Before placing grout, clean reinforcement of foreign particles or coatings.

B. Place, support, and secure reinforcement against displacement. Do not deviate from alignment
or measurement.

C. Install horizontal joint reinforcement 16" oc., unless otherwise indicated

D. Place masonry joint reinforcement in first and second horizontal joints above and below
openings. Extend 16" minimum each side of opening.

E. Place joint reinforcement continuous in first and second joint below top of walls.

F. Lap joint reinforcement ends minimum 6". Extend 16" minimum each side of opening.

G. Place reinforcing bars supported and secured against displacement. Maintain position within
1/2" of true dimension.

H. Place reinforcement to obtain minimum coverages for concrete protection as required.

I. Verify that anchorages embedded in grout or attached to structural steel members are properly
placed. Embed anchorages in every second joint.

J. Place veneer wall ties maximum 16" oc vertically and 24" oc horizontally. Stagger veneer ties in
alternate courses. Place at maximum 3" oc each way around perimeter of openings, within 12"
of openings.

K. Reinforce joint corners and intersections with strap anchors 16" oc.

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3.5 MASONRY FLASHINGS

A. Extend flashings through exterior wythe, turn up minimum 8" and bed into mortar joints of
masonry back-up.

B. Extend flashings through exterior wythe, turn up minimum 8" onto gypsum sheathing and lap
with building paper at steel stud back-up and mastic.

C. Lap end joints minimum 6" and seal watertight.

D. For flashing, use manufacturer's recommended adhesive.

E. Prime surfaces to receive rubberized asphalt flashing according to flashing manufacturer's

printed installation instructions.

F. Install flashing membrane according manufacturer's installation instructions. Firmly roll

membrane when properly positioned.

G. Lap adjacent pieces of flashing 1" to 2". Roll lap joints with hand roller.

H. Seal top edge of flashing membrane and along seams and cuts with sealing mastic.

3.6 LINTELS

A. Install loose steel lintels. Minimum bearing of 8 inches at each jamb, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Install reinforced unit masonry lintels over openings where steel lintels are not scheduled.
Construct lintels using grout fill and reinforcing.

C. Use reinforcing bars of one piece lengths only.

D. Place and consolidate grout fill without disturbing reinforcing.

3.7 GROUTED COMPONENTS

A. Reinforce bond beam with reinforcing bars one inch from bottom web as shown.

B. Lap splices minimum 40 bar diameters.

C. Place and consolidate grout fill without disturbing reinforcing.

D. At bearing points, fill masonry cores with grout minimum 12" from opening.

E. Provide reinforced concrete block lintels and bond beams as indicated on the Drawings or
specified herein. Use reinforced concrete block lintels at all openings in concrete block walls less
than 4-0, including openings for mechanical and electrical work not specifically indicated to
have other types of lintels. Do not use concrete block bond beams with break-out webs as lintel
beams at masonry wall openings.

F. Support and tie reinforcing in place with a minimum of 3/4 between reinforcing and block
shells. Build in anchors and other accessories.

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 G. Fill with core fill as specified under Section 03300.

3.8 CAVITY VENT INSTALLATION

A. Place weep vents in head and sill joints at exterior wythe of cavity wall located immediately above ledges
and flashing, spaced 24 inches on center, unless otherwise shown. Leave the side of the masonry units
forming the vent space unbuttered and clear of mortar. Install with notched side down. Slide vent
material into joint as the two masonry units forming the weep vent are placed.

3.9 CONTROL JOINTS

A. Do not continue horizontal joint reinforcing across control joints, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Form control joint by use of bond breaker strips, one side fitted to hollow contour of block unit
end. Fill created core with grout fill. Rake joint at exposed faces for rod and sealant.

C. Provide control joints as indicated on the Drawings, but not over 24 feet on center. Construct
control joints using keyed sash block and performed resilient keys. Install resilient keys in
accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.

3.10 WALL INSULATION

A. Install boards horizontally between wall reinforcement.

B. Apply adhesive in three continuous beads per board length to full bed 1/8" thick on substrate.
Daub adhesive tight to protrusions to ensure continuity of vapor and air barrier.

C. Tape board joints.

D. Stagger insulation board side joints. Butt edges and ends tight to adjacent board and to
protrusions.

E. Adhere a 6" wide strip of polyethylene sheet over control joint with double beads of adhesive
each side of joints. Tape seal joints between sheets. Extend sheet full height of joint.

F. Place 12" wide polyethylene sheet at perimeter of wall openings from adhesive vapor/air barrier
bed to storefront frame. Tape seal in place to ensure continuity of vapor/air barrier.

3.11 BUILT-IN WORK

A. As work progresses, build-in metal door frames, lintels, anchor bolts, plates, and other items to
be built in the work supplied by other Sections.
1. Build-in items plumb and level.
2. Bed anchors of metal door and sidelight frames in mortar joints. Fill frame voids solid
with mortar. Fill masonry cores with grout minimum 12" from framed openings.
3. Do not build-inorganic materials subject to deterioration.

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3.12 CUTTING AND FITTING

A. Cut and fit for chases, pipes, conduit, and sleeves. Cooperate with other Sections of work to
provide correct size, shape, and location.

B. Obtain approval prior to cutting or fitting any area not indicated or where appearance or
strength of masonry work may be impaired.

3.13 STOPPING AND RESUMING WORK

A. Rack back in each course; toothing not permitted. Remove loose units and mortar interfering
with fresh mortar bed when joining fresh masonry to set or partially set masonry.

3.14 TOLERANCES

A. Alignment of Columns: Maximum +/- 1/2" from true line.

B. Variation:
1. from Unit to Adjacent Unit: +/- 1/8" maximum.
2. from Plane of Wall: 1/4" in 10 feet and 1/2" in 20 feet or more.
3. from Plumb: 1/4" per story non-cumulative; 1/2" in two stories or more.
4. from Level Coursing: 1/8" in 3 feet; 1/4" in 10 feet; 1/2" maximum.

C. Variation of Joint Thickness: 1/8" in 3 feet.

D. Maximum Variation from Cross Sectional Thickness of Walls: Plus or minus 1/4".

3.15 CLEANING

A. Remove excess mortar and smears.

B. Replace defective mortar. Match adjacent work.

C. Clean soiled surfaces with a non-acidic solution which will not harm masonry or adjacent
materials. Consult masonry manufacturer for acceptable cleaners.

D. Use non-metallic tools in cleaning operations.

3.16 PROTECTION

A. Maintain protective boards at exposed external corners which may be damaged by construction
activities.Provide protection without damaging completed work.

B. At day's end, cover unfinished walls to prevent moisture infiltration 2 feet each side.

END OF SECTION

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