a repeated action Subject + infinitive / infinitive + s He jumps. how often something happens Negative: I don't jump. Present Simple one action follows another Subject + don't/doesn't + infinitive Do I jump? things in general Interrogative: Does he jump? Do/does + subject + infinitive To show: Positive: I jumped. a finished action in the past Subject + infinitive + ed an action happened in the middle of Negative: I didn't jump. Past Simple another action Subject + didn't/ + infinitive Interrogative: Did I jump? Did + subject + infinitive To show: Positive: I have jumped. an action has just finished or has a Subject + have/has + past participle He has jumped. connection to the present Negative: I haven't jumped. Present Perfect an action started in the past and Subject + hasn't/haven't + past participle He hasn't jumped. continues up to the present Interrogative: Have I jumped? Has/have + subject + participle Has he jumped? To show: Positive: I will jump. predictions about the future Subject + will + infinitive you decide to do something at the Negative: I won't jump. future: will time of speaking Subject + will not (won't) + infinitive 1st conditional sentences Interrogative: Will I jump? Will + subject + infinitive To show: Positive: I am going to jump. When you have already decided to Subject + be (am, is are) + going to + infinitive He is going to will jump. do something Negative: They are going to jump. what you think will happen Subject + be (am, is, are) + not + going to + infinitive I am not going to jump. future: going to Interrogative: He isn't going to jump. Be (am, is, are) + subject + going to + infinitive They aren't going to jump. Am I going to jump? Is he going to jump? Are they going to jump?