International Research Journal of Computer Science (IRJCS) ISSN: 2393-9842

Issue 05, Volume 4 (May 2017) www.irjcs.com

Smart City & Internet of Things

Dr. Alshafie Gafaar Mhmoud Mohmmed
Computer Science section ,
Collage of Science & Technology , Sudan
dr_shaf@yahoo.com
Prof. Saife Eldin Fatoh Osman
Dean of Emirates Collage of Science & Technology
Computer Science section ,
Collage of Science & Technology , Sudan
saifefatoh@hotmail.com
Manuscript History
Number: IRJCS/RS/Vol.04/Issue05/MYCS10082
Received: 20, April 2017
Final Correction: 19, May 2017
Final Accepted: 22, May 2017
Published: May 2017

Abstract- Solution-optimized smart cities that are focused on improving cross-city services, transportation management
systems and energy use are now having a tangible and positive effect on city-based quality of life. There are many
components of a smart city. The components include smart infrastructure, smart buildings, smart transportation, smart
energy, smart health care, smart technology, smart governance, smart education, and smart citizens. Different smart cities
have different levels of these smart components, depending on their focus.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT); smart city;

1. INTRODUCTION
A smart city uses digital technologies to enhance performance and wellbeing, to reduce costs and resource consumption, and
to engage more effectively and actively with its citizens .A smart city should be able to respond faster to city and global
challenges than one with a simple 'transactional' relationship with its citizens.

Figure 1. A Review of Smart Cities Based on the Internet of Things Concept

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IRJCS: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 4.281
Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 79.58
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 International Research Journal of Computer Science (IRJCS) ISSN: 2393-9842
Issue 05, Volume 4 (May 2017) www.irjcs.com

The term encompasses a vision of an urban space that is ecologically friendly, technologically integrated and meticulously
planned, with a particular reliance on the use of information technology to improve efficiency. The smart city is becoming
smarter than in the past as a result of the current expansion of digital technologies. Smart cities consist of various kinds of
electronic equipment applied by some applications, such as cameras in a monitoring system, sensors in a transportation
system, and so on. Furthermore, utilization of individual mobile equipment can be spread.

II. ACTUAL IOT APPLICATIONS FOR SMART CITIES

The IoT uses the Internet to merge various heterogeneous things. Accordingly and for providing the ease of access, all
existing things have to be linked to the Internet. The reason behind this is that smart cities include sensor networks and
connection of intelligent appliances to the internet is essential to remotely monitor their treatment such as power usage
monitoring to improve the electricity usage, light management, air conditioner management.

Figure 2. A Review of Smart Cities Based on the Internet of Things Concept

2.1 Smart Homes

By utilizing the data which are produced by various sensors, smart homes can be observed [1].
2.2 SMART PARKING LOTS
By enabling smart parking, arriving and departing times of different cars are traced all over the city [2].
2.3 HEALTHCARE
In the healthcare domain, IoT technologies have many advantages in smart cities. Some of those applications are tracking of
people and objects including patients, staff and ambulance, identification of people, and automatic data gathering and
sensing. In terms of people and objective tracking, the status of patients in a clinic or hospital is monitored in order to
provide better and faster work-flow in the hospital. The location of the ambulance, blood products and different organs for
transplantation are monitored to check the availability on-line. In terms of people identification, in a database, patients are
recognized to decrease the risk of mistake for prevention of getting wrong drugs, doses and procedures [3]
2.4 WATER AND WEATHER SYSTEMS
Weather systems use diverse sensors to supply proper data such as temperature, rain, solar irradiation and wind speed, as well
as to help enhance the efficiency of a smart city [4]
2.5 TRANSPORTATION & VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
The vehicular traffic information is a substantial source of data in smart cities whereby utilizing the data and employing a
proper analysis, residents and the government will profit significantly [5]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
IRJCS: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 4.281
Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 79.58
2014- 17, IRJCS- All Rights Reserved Page 239
 International Research Journal of Computer Science (IRJCS) ISSN: 2393-9842
Issue 05, Volume 4 (May 2017) www.irjcs.com

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

A city cannot be considered as smart if the residents are not healthy. For this purpose, environmental pollution has to be
monitored by the smart city and the relevant data sent to residents, particularly to people with healthcare problems. Reference
[6]
2.7 SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
Security is the most significant element of the smart cities from the citizens point of view. To this end, the entire smart city
has to be constantly monitored and observed, but evaluating the information and discovering criminal acts are highly
challenging. Reference [1]

III. SMART CITY BENEFITS

A smart city should be able to respond faster to city and global challenges than one with a simple 'transactional' relationship
with its citizens. The term encompasses a vision of an urban space that is ecologically friendly, technologically integrated
and meticulously planned, with a particular reliance on the use of information technology to improve efficiency.

city

Figure 3 The Smart City

3.1 SMART PEOPLE

Level of qualification, flexibility to get more opportunities, knowledge about the policies and schemes launches by the govt
would be the first step of each and every individual, public participation.
3.2 SMART ECONOMY
Indicators like entrepreneurship, productivity, self employment rate, GDP per person, flexibility of labour market,
reliability, smart infrastructure which directly proportional to the per capita income
3.3 SMART GOVERNANCE
Efficient govt. services such as e-government portal service, e-learning project, e-passport, public participation in decision
making ,Smart energy: smart grid, energy storage, smart meters
3.4 SMART MOBILITY
streamlined transportation in order to optimise traffic flow and increase connectivity
3.5 SMART ENVIRONMENT
renewal of energy, waste water management and provide proper sanitation to citizens
3.6 SMART LIVING
build intelligent building management systems, which will help save up to 30% of water usage, 40% of energy usage and
reduction of building maintenance costs by 10 to 30%, smart cooling, smart heating

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IRJCS: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 4.281
Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 79.58
2014- 17, IRJCS- All Rights Reserved Page 240
 International Research Journal of Computer Science (IRJCS) ISSN: 2393-9842
Issue 05, Volume 4 (May 2017) www.irjcs.com

IV. CONCLUSION
Smart governance is a result of a transparent decision-making as e-governance, e-services and social media. Comparative to
old city governance, in the smart city the role of authorities is increasing, due to the fact that it implies the coordination
between stakeholders from transportation domain, health, sanitation, education, environment. Smart mobility could be
achieved through urban planning, improving the transport system using the ICT technology .Smart environment assumes an
innovative technology to provide energy and also protect the environment, such as green energy and renewable source for
electricity. Smart living refers to life quality, social cohesion and safety neighbourhoods.

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
IRJCS: Impact Factor Value SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 4.281
Indexcopernicus: (ICV 2015): 79.58
2014- 17, IRJCS- All Rights Reserved Page 241